Understanding Dyslexia: The Intersection of Scientific Research & Education · 2016-05-10 ·...
Transcript of Understanding Dyslexia: The Intersection of Scientific Research & Education · 2016-05-10 ·...
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Senate testimony 19 ses
Testimony to Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee:
Understanding Dyslexia:
The Intersection of Scientific Research & Education
Sally Shaywitz, M.D.
Dyslexia: explanation and potential solution to the educational crisis.
Good morning Senator Cassidy, Senator Mikulski, and other committee
members. Thank you for the opportunity to speak with you about the
science of dyslexia and share with you the tremendous scientific progress
that has been made in dyslexia and its important implications for education.
The Problem:
Our nation is in the midst of a national nightmare where substantial
numbers of children are not learning to read, especially boys and girls from
disadvantaged families.
(Slide
sends a
Here o
reading
2013 a
making
Increas
explan
1) Just re
a loud wa
n the lowe
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nd 2015.
g any prog
sing scien
nation and
eleased 20
arning sign
er right - t
ost alarmin
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gress.” “W
ntific evide
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015 data f
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s from ex
We need s
ence stron
al solutio
2
from NAE
t achiever
eatest dro
perts: “W
omething
ngly points
on to our
EP, the na
rs show la
op in read
e’re stalle
substant
s to dysle
educatio
tion’s rep
arge decli
ding occur
ed….” “We
tially differ
exia as th
on crisis.
ort card,
nes in
rs betwee
e’re not
rent… .”
he
en
Dyslex
differs
scientif
Preval
ia represe
markedly
fically vali
ence: Dy
ents 80%
from all o
dated.
slexia is v
to 90% o
others in t
very comm
3
f all learn
hat dyslex
mon, affec
ing disabi
xia is very
cting 1 ou
ilities (Slid
y specific
ut of 5.
de 2) and
and
d
Unexp
‘unexpe
Cogni
specific
words b
ected na
ected’ diff
itive Basi
cally, the
backward
ture: (SL
ficulty in r
is: Dyslex
phonolog
ds.
IDE 3) Ini
eading ar
xia is a dif
ical comp
4
itial descr
re today e
fficulty wit
ponent of l
riptions of
empirically
thin the la
language
f dyslexia
y validated
nguage s
– it is not
as an
d.
system, m
t seeing
ore
A majo
a 21st c
dyslexi
aligning
or step forw
century de
a, especia
g science
ward is C
efinition of
ally, its un
and educ
assidy-M
f dyslexia
nexpected
cation.
5
ikulski Re
incorpora
d nature, a
esolution 2
ating scie
and repre
275 (Slide
ntific adva
esents a la
e 4) provid
ances in
andmark i
ding
n
(Slide
and ab
5) Dyslex
le thinker
xia is a pa
r.
radox, the
6
e same sloow reader is often a very fas
st
Neurob
dyslexi
hemisp
biology: C
a – (Slide
phere read
Convergin
e 6) that is
ding syste
ng eviden
s, an ineff
ems and (
7
nce has id
ficient fun
(Slide 7) d
entified a
ctioning o
disruption
neural si
of those p
ns in conn
gnature fo
osterior, l
ectivity.
or
eft
Early i
typical
dentifica
and dysle
tion of dy
exic reade
yslexia c
ers is large
8
ritical: (S
e, presen
Slide 8) T
t by first g
The gap be
grade and
etween
d persists.
.
High C
Dyslex
their ty
As a co
earning
indicate
Cost of Dy
ic student
pically rea
onsequen
gs, and sig
e that alm
yslexia: D
ts drop ou
ading pee
ce they a
gnificantly
most 50%
Dyslexia h
ut of high
ers.
re doome
y higher ra
of prison
9
has often d
school at
ed to highe
ates of an
inmates m
dire conse
a signific
er unemp
nxiety and
may be dy
equences
cantly grea
ployment,
d depressi
yslexic.
s (Slide 9
ater rate t
lower
ion. Studi
).
han
es
10
In aligning education with science certain principles emerge:
1. Given its high prevalence + scientific validity + harsh impact dyslexia
must be given prominence in reauthorization of IDEA.
2. Schools must screen and identify dyslexic students early.
3. The dyslexic student should know his diagnosis (dyslexia) and that he is
smart.
Moving forward - Implementation – requires a model incorporating
21st century scientific knowledge about dyslexia; for example
School climate – everyone at school on board, use the word dyslexia.
Small classes
Evidence-based methods
Knowledgeable, flexible, caring teachers
Consistency in instruction across all classes
A community to join – know they are not alone
Specif
In
W
C
c
fic solutio
ndepende
Windward
Clearly, a t
children.
ons: wher
ent school
School in
tuition out
re can th
ls for dysl
n New Yor
t of reach
11
is model
exic stude
rk. (Slide
of middle
be found
ents, (Slid
11)
e class an
d?
de 10) ex
nd disadva
ample, th
antaged
e
P
e
A scho
that di
Public Cha
example is
ool like L
sadvanta
arter Scho
s the Loui
KA bring
aged child
ools servin
siana Key
gs equalit
dren are
12
ng dyslex
y Academ
ty and ho
no longe
ic student
my in Bato
ope to all
er left beh
ts. (Slide
n Rouge.
dyslexic
hind.
12) An
(Slide 13
children
3)
so