Understanding ArcSDE - Esri Support...
Transcript of Understanding ArcSDE - Esri Support...
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Understanding ArcSDEThe Gateway to Your RDBMS
Jackie Gaskill, Dale BrooksESRI - Washington, D.C.
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Outline• Overview• ArcSDE in the System Architecture• Variations of ArcSDE• Spatial Data Model• The Geodatabase• Data Loading Options• Implementation• Q&A and Questionnaire
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What is ArcSDE?
• A gateway that allows you tostore and manage spatial datawith other business data in anRDBMS.
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Why Use ArcSDE?
• Powerful benefits from RelationalDatabase Management Systems (RDBMS)– Leverage scalable architecture
• Integrated data model– Store GIS and tabular data together– Coordinated transactions
• Multi-user Geodatabase technology– Take advantage of feature intelligence
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Why Use ArcSDE? (con’t)
• Centralized database– Facilitates data sharing
• Support for Windows and Unix– Client and server
• Industry Standards– Conforms to Open GIS Feature Specifications– Has open, documented architecture and APIs
• Modern networking solution– Uses TCP/IP protocol
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ArcSDE in the System Architecture
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ArcSDE Architecture
R7
CustomApps
Cad ClientArcSDE
YourDatabaseSolution
2- & 3-tierclient/server
solutions
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What does ArcSDE do?
• Supports spatial and non-spatialqueries from clients
• Interacts with RDBMS server for datastorage and retrieval
• Performs GIS operations on data
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ArcSDE Operations
“Work with my RDBMS to store and retrieve data.”“Fetch features for this map window and use
this attribute constraint”“Fetch features and project them on the fly.”
“Process this Geocoding Request”
ArcSDE
RDBMS
Client
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ArcSDE In Client/Server Architecture
• a server-side application data serverin a 3-tier system architecture
• an application-side softwarecomponent in a 2-tier systemarchitecture
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ArcSDE 3-tier Client/Server Architecture
TCP/IP NetworkTCP/IP Network
Client Application
ArcSDEArcSDE
RDBMSRDBMS
Server Process
ArcSDE server is anapplication server forGIS clients.
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ArcSDE 2-tier Client/Server Architecture
TCP/IP NetworkTCP/IP Network
Client Application
ArcSDE Component
RDBMSRDBMSClient uses ArcSDE component for direct access to RDBMS. RDBMS client is required.
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Direct Access Example: Oracle Spatial Option
R7
App
Other Vendor Apps
AppAppApp
Clients enabled with ArcSDE 8.1,RDBMS Client Installed
CustomApps
Cad Client
10 Main St
Oracle
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Configuration Choices• 3-tier (ArcSDE Server Process)
– Minimizes network traffic with server-side datafiltering, performance can be faster
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Configuration Choices• 2-tier (Client direct to RDBMS)
– No need for ArcSDE server management– Simpler client configuration– Available for all clients built with ArcSDE 8.1
client software– Supported in 8.1 with Oracle 8i and SQL Server
7, later version of ArcSDE will support Informixand DB2
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RDBMSRDBMS
Client Access
DB Access & Avenue
XML w/ dlls
Extension toMicrostation& AutoCADC or Java
APIs
ArcObjects/COM API
ArcSDEArcSDE
Cad ClientCustom
Apps
See MOEnhanced
objects
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Creating a Connection to ArcSDE
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ArcSDE and The RDBMS
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ArcSDE Support for RDBMS’s
• Oracle• SQL Server• Informix• IBM DB2
RDBMSRDBMS
10 Main St
ArcSDEArcSDE
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ArcSDE Leverages RDBMS
– Integrated data model (spatial andtabular data together)
– Scalable, robust system architecture– Multi-user access– Backup and Security– Performance tuning– Additional RDBMS functionality, i.e.
replication, fail-over, etc
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What if you don’t have an RDBMS?
ArcSDE for Coverages
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ArcSDE for Coverages
ArcSDEArcSDE
Cad ClientCustom
Apps
CoveragesMap
Libraries ArcStorm
ShapefilesRead Only
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Why Use ArcSDE for Coverages?
• TCP/IP access (no need for NFS)• Client access is extended to all
ESRI data formats– ex: ArcMap access to ArcStorm layers
• Applications developed now canbe re-used* when migrating toArcSDE for RDBMS*SQL and INFO syntax will be different.
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ArcSDE Data Model
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Integrated Data ModelA layer (feature class) is a collection of tablesVisible to User Not Visible to User
ArcSDE Users can spatially enable theirbusiness data.
ID Address100
101102
ID Geometry Creation date ...
100101102
100101102
Feature table
* Spatial Indexing
Business Table
………
………
………
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Spatial Indexing• Spatial indexes are an essential construct
to support efficient spatial data queries
12
3
123
Spatial Index1122223
Features on grid Feature table
Spatial indexing example used with ArcSDE binary data type in Oracle and SQL Server
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Feature Type Single Part Multi-Part
Point
Line
Area
Annotation H
IG
HW A Y 10
ArcSDE Feature Types
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• 2D or 3D features and Measures
2D
3D
(x,y)
(x,y)
(x,y)(x,y)
(x,y,z) (x,y,z)
(x,y,z)
(x,y,z)
ArcSDE Feature Attributes
2D with Measure
3D with Measure
(x,y,m)
(x,y,m)
(x,y,m)(x,y,m)
(x,y,z,m) (x,y,z,m)
(x,y,z,m)
(x,y,z,m)
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ArcSDE CAD Client
GIS User
CADCAD GISGIS
ArcSDEArcSDE
• Data is shared between GIS and CAD users• Data maintained in single environment• Supports both AutoCAD and MicroStation
CAD User
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RDBMSRDBMS
ArcSDE and Addresses
TCP/IP Network
ArcSDEArcSDE
AddressesAddresses
100 Main St
• User defines a geocoding service
• Address data (site and range)are stored in the RDBMS
- Can use proprietary or StreetMap data• ArcSDE processes geocoding requests
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RDBMSRDBMS
ArcSDE Raster Layers
TCP/IP Network
Client Application
ArcSDEArcSDE
… are just like other ArcSDE feature classes
• Virtually all formats can be imported (40+)• Raster pyramid layers supported
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ArcSDE 8.0 and theGeodatabase
Introducing IntelligentFeatures…
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ArcSDE and the GeodatabaseThe Geodatabase is an object-relationaldata model whose purpose is to allowstorage of intelligent features andenhanced editing functionality.
Intelligent features can have properties,behaviors, and relationships with otherfeatures.
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Simple FeatureLayers
ArcSDE MetadataTables
Geodatabase
Geodatabase Access
ArcMap
ArcCatalog
ArcToolbox
ArcView 8.1
ArcIMS
ArcView3.x
MapObjects
CAD Client
Workstation ArcInfo
Custom Applications
Simple Features
IntelligentFeaturesGeodatabase
Metadata Tables“Intelligence”
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Why use a Geodatabasewith ArcInfo 8?
More intelligent data meansMore intelligent data meansless application developmentless application development
Simple dataSimple data
ComplexComplexApplicationApplication
Simpler ApplicationSimpler Application
ArcInfo 7ArcInfo 7ArcInfo 8ArcInfo 8
RelationshipsRelationships
RulesRulesIntelligentIntelligent
DatabaseDatabase
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Attribute Domains
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Object Display Behavior
Behavior is...Annotation displayedalong a straight section ofcontour
Behavior is...Multiple coincident wiresdepicted as a set ofparallel lines withstandard offset
More Control Over How Features areDrawn
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Network Relationships
Select Pole Select Pole and Moveand Move
All connectedAll connectedfeatures followfeatures follow
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Long Transactions…
• Are database changes that are notimmediately committed
• Are supported by versions in thedatabase; version management iscarried out by ArcSDE
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Versions…
are multiple logicalrepresentations of data
contain only changes
are required forgeodatabase editing
DefaultDefault
PlannedPlanned DesignedDesigned
DesignDesign
9 Sep9 SepDesignDesign
2 Oct2 Oct
ParcelsParcels
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Getting Data into theGeodatabase
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Data Loading Options
• Simple Feature Layers– Command line loading utilities
• shp2sde, cov2sde, tbl2sde, …– Workstation ArcInfo LAYERIMPORT– Microstation/AutoCAD with CAD Client– Custom application using API
• Geodatabase Feature Classes– ArcCatalog and ArcToolbox
• Can register simple feature layers as feature classes• GUI for importing various data formats
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Data Loading with ArcCatalog
Test.states
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Geometry Storage Options
ST_GeometryGeometry ObjectIBM DB2
ImageArcSDE CompressedBinarySQL Server
Number* Spatial CartridgeNormalized schema
ST_GeometryGeometry ObjectInformix
SDO_Geometry* Oracle8i SpatialObject
Long Raw, LOBArcSDE CompressedBinaryOracle
Column TypeGeometryRDBMS
* requires Oracle Spatial
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Implementing ArcSDE Technology
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Implementing…The RDBMS
• RDBMS software install and configuration• Database Design• Administration Tasks• Performance Tuning• Backup and Recovery
Implementing ArcSDE is reallyImplementing an RDBMS with spatial data;therefore RDBMS skills are important.
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• Geodatabase design• ArcSDE instance configuration
– Data storage type(s)– 2- or 3- tier (or combination)
• Feature class loading, spatialindexing, administration, etc.
Implementing…ArcSDE
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• The Server– Processing power– Memory– Disk arrays– Resource requirements
• The Network– Bandwidth requirements– Intranets and Internets
Implementing…System Configuration
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R7
CustomApps
Cad ClientArcSDE
100 Main St
Enterprise GIS
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