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UN humanitarian presentation west bank jerusalem: dec 2010
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Transcript of UN humanitarian presentation west bank jerusalem: dec 2010
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
West Bank including East Jerusalem Humanitarian Overview, June 2010
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
West Bank Key IssuesShrinking Space for Palestinians
• Restricted access in Area C and East Jerusalem
House Demolition, Settler Violence
• Access and Movement Restrictions and recent
movement easings
• Fragmentation of the West Bank
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
West Bank Overview
Greenline
West Bank: 5,600 km2
Palestinian Built-up areas Population: 2,350,583PCBS Census 2007Israeli settlementsapprox. 149 settlements,100 outpostsPopulation: Approx. 500,000
Oslo A & B
WEST BANK
Area C
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010December 2009Restricting Space: The Planning Regime Applied by Israel in Area C of the West Bank
Restricting space in area C of the West Bank
• Area C: 60% of West Bank
• Land Reserves for Urban Expansion and Infrastructure.
• Palestinian construction prohibited in 70% of Area C and restricted in 29%
• Only 1% of Area C planned for Palestinian development
• Population: est. 150,000
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
House Demolitions
Area C:• 200 demolitions a year (av.)• > 3,000 pending ordersEast Jerusalem• 100 demolitions a year (av.)• > 1,500 pending orders• > 60,000 vulnerable
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
19872005
Jerusalem – Restricted space BARRIER
ConstructedUnder constructionPlanned
E1 project
Palestinian built-up areaSettlement
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Shrinking Space for Palestinians in E. Jerusalem
• Restrictive planning• Restrictive permit
regime• Shortfall of about
1,100 HU/year
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
East Jerusalem,
Silwan-Al Bustan
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
East Jerusalem, Sheikh Jarrah• Settler attempts to take over land for expansion/ new settlements.
• Land/property expropriated by court order, in contravention of international law.
• Plans to build over 540 residential units and public/commercial buildings for settlers.
• About 70 Palestinian residents were so far forcibly evicted (2009-2010)
• Estimated 500 at risk of displacement
Al-Kurd
Ghawi
OCHA Office
HannounKubbania Um
Haroun
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
East Jerusalem
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Displacement in 2009 & 20102009 Adults Children Total
East Jerusalem 151 149 300
*Eviction from Sheikh Jarrah 53
Area C 152 167 319
303 316 673January–December 2010:
2010 Adults Children Total
East Jerusalem 28 34 62
*Eviction from Sheikh Jarrah 14
Area C 191 202 393
219 236 569
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Settler Violence“Price tag” strategy since
2007• Jan-Nov. 2010: Incidents
leading to casualties & property damage:
up 450 from 320 in the same period in 2009
Impunity: lack of law enforcement
• 92% of 600 cases monitored by Yesh Din between 2005- 4/2010 closed
Susiya South Hebron/ BTselem
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Settler related violence incidents trend
182
243
395
352
450
15.2 20.3 32.9 29.3 40.9
0
100
200
300
400
500
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
YearMonthly Average
117%Increase since
2006
Last update: December 2010
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
2009 Settler relatedincidents by governorate
Three governorates represent 75% of incidents
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
South HebronShattered tombstone in Awarta, January 2010. photo: B'Tselem
Hawara Mosque, April 14, 2010 Jinsafout, 16.04.2010 /AP
Intimidation & harassment
Physical AssaultProperty DamageMosque VandalismCemetery
VandalismSettler
Violence
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Access and Movement:Multi-layered system of restrictions
• Checkpoints & roadblocks• Barrier and ‘Seam Zone’• Restricted roads• Closed military areas (Firing Zones)
• Nature reserves• Israeli settlements• Administrative restrictions
Shrinking Space, Displacement
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Closures in the West Bank
Greenline
CheckpointsTrenches / EarthwallsRoad BarrierRoad GatesRoadblocksEarthmounds
Roads
WEST BANK
PARTIAL CHECKPOINT An established checkpoint operating periodically.
CHECKPOINTSA barrier manned by IDF
and/or Border Police.
ROAD GATESA metal gate, often manned by IDF, to control movement along roads.
ROAD BLOCKSA series of 1 metre high concrete blocks used to obstruct vehicle access.
EARTHMOUNDSA mound of rubble, dirt and/or rocks used to obstruct vehicle access.
TRENCHES A ditch used to prevent vehicle crossing. Total of 33.6 km
ROAD BARRIERS
Road barriers alongside major roads to prevent movement across the roads.Total of 125 km
D D D
EARTH WALLS
A continuous wall or series of earth mounds.
DDDD
CheckpointsTrenches / EarthwallsEarthmoundsRoad BarrierRoadblocksRoad Gates
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Number of Closures
CHECKPOINTSA barrier manned by IDF and/or Border Police.
PARTIAL CHECKPOINTSAn established checkpoint operating periodically.
ROAD GATESA metal gate, often manned by IDF, to control movement along roads.
ROADBLOCKSA series of 1 metre high concrete blocks used to obstruct vehicle access.
EARTHMOUNDSA mound of rubble, dirt and/or rocks used to obstruct vehicle access.
65
23
115
70
164
TRENCHES A ditch used to prevent vehicle crossing.
ROAD BARRIERS
Road barriers placed alongside major roads prevent movement across the roads.
EARTH WALLS A continuous wall or series of earth mounds used to restrict access.
10
46
20
In total 513 closuresAs of 1 December 2010
Flying CheckpointsAverage: 2009 65 2010 91
DDDD
D D D
As of December 2010
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Closure Trend
Number of West Bank Closures
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
376533
AMA
A 36% increase since AMA was signed
471
625
533561 569
396
Disengagement
PalestinianElections Annapolis
614
HamasTake-over
Aug 05 Nov 05 Jan 06 Oct 06 Oct 07 Jan 08 March 09 June 09 Feb ’10 Dec ‘10
550 513
18 % decrease since March 09
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Other Closures
• 123 obstacles in Hebron City (H2)• 64 Barrier gates• 8 Green Line checkpoints
* Not included in OCHA closure count (Dec. 2010)
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Easing of movement between urban centers
• Removal of obstacles
• Shifting permanent checkpoints
into partial
• Ad hoc checks
• Lifting some permit requirements
Yet - Key routes remain blocked
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Movements and Access Easings since 2009
Atara became a partial Checkpoint, 1 July 2009
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Easing of movement between urban centers
Removal of obstacles
Dismantled Earthmound in Sinjil - Ramallah Dismantled Partial checkpoint Nwemeh- Jericho
Ad hoc checks at staffed
checkpoints
•Lifting/easing some permit requirements Yet - Key routes remain
blocked
Bet El Checkpoint - RamallahTunnels checkpoint on road 60
Atara Checkpoint, 1 July 2009
•Shifting permanent checkpoints into
partial
Huwara April 2010
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Alternative roads: Biddu sunken road
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Tunnel – Entry to Sunken road
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Expanded Enav checkpoint
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Western Ramallah Fragmentation
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
No improvement in access to
• Areas isolated by the Barrier (inc.
East Jerusalem)
• The Jordan Valley
• Land in the vicinity of settlements
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
The Jordan Valley
Access to, and land use within the eastern strip remained restricted
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
YitavYitav
Ma’aleh Efraim
Ma’aleh Efraim
Hamra
Hamra
Tayyasir
Tayyasir
The Jordan Valley
• Access tightly controlled by checkpoints
• Entry of private vehicles restricted
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Access to land in the vicinity of Israeli settlements remained limited
South Hebron
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Construction of Barrier in the West Bank
Started in June 2002 after an escalation of suicide bombings- issue is the route
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
The Barrier
WEST BANK
Constructed61.4% (434 km)
Under Construction8.4% (60 km)
Planned30.2% (213 km)
Green Line
Total Length: 707 kmWithin the West Bank 85%
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Closed Area Communities• 7,800 people in closed
areas• “Permanent Resident”
PermitsWhen route completed:• 85% of the completed route
will be in the WB• 33,200 will live in closed
areas”• 125,000 surrounded / 3
sidesAccess problems
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Qalqilia Jayyous
Miles0 21
55
ACTIVATELAYERS
Habla Tunnel
Road 55
Jayyus’ Land
Water wells
Green Line
West Bank BarrierConstructedPlanned
Dismantled
PalestinianBuilt-up
IsraeliSettlements
Barrier Gates
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Barrier related: • Access to services• Communities & land “dislocated” by
Barrier In addition:• Evictions, Demolitions• Residency rights• Poor living conditions
Displacement
East Jerusalem: Key Humanitarian Concerns
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
East Jerusalem Access
Qalandiya
Olives
Gilo
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Restricted Access
Al-Ram/East Jerusalem – Formal commercial area
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
•All Jerusalem ID holders / West Bank and Gaza residents
•Permits & access for West Bank patients, staff & ambulances to East Jerusalem hospitals
•Problems of access for Jerusalem residents who live outside Barrier
•Access problems within East Jerusalem due to ambulance escorts (ICRC/PRCS/MADA agreement)
•Access to West Bank/Jerusalem hospitals for dislocated communities
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Access to Education
• Permits & access for West Bank teachers /students to Jerusalem
• Classroom shortage in Municipal system / Demolition / sealing of Al Waqf schools
• Estimated 5-10,000 pupils not enrolled / high dropout rate
• Access to West Bank/Jerusalem schools for dislocated communities
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Residency rights
• Revocation of social benefits & Jerusalem ID cards
• Family reunification
• Registration of children
• Municipal boundary vs. Barrier boundary
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
‘Dislocated’ communities & isolated land
• West Bank Palestinian communities on ‘Jerusalem’ side of Barrier
• East Jerusalem communities on ‘West Bank’ side of the Barrier
• West Bank communities severed from their previously close ties to Jerusalem
• West Bank land isolated on ‘Jerusalem side’ of Barrier
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Areas A and B (Oslo Accords)Areas C
149 Israeli settlements,100 outposts and land cultivated by Israelis
Israeli military closed areas (Fire Zones) and 48 military bases
Nature Reserves
West Bank Barrier and Areas between the Barrier and the Green Line
Restricted Roads
Closures and Checkpoints
The effect of the closures and the road system
Fragmentation of the West Bank
Tunnels(As of September 2008)
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
Israeli annexation into JerusalemIDF closure of Dead Sea coast line (32 Km)Israeli settlements (19), Israeli pop. 86,000Area C (66%) – full Israeli controlIsraeli military closed areas (40% of the governorate and 60% of Area C)Nature Reserves (19.4%)Bypass roadsIsraeli settlement outposts (16)Barrier – constructed & under constructionBarrier - PlannedClosures : checkpoints and obstacles (29)Settlement expansion
The Shrinking Space of Bethlehem GovernorateGovernorate comprised of approximately 658 square KmPotential sites for development of Bethlehem tourism if Israeli measures lifted Mar Saba
Dead SeaHusanBedouin Life
UNITED NATIONS
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
occupied Palestinian territory
HUMANITARIAN OVERVIEW December 2010
ConclusionsFor Humanitarian and/or
full economic recovery there is a need to:
• Lift Access restrictions• Establish Palestinian
Control over Space & Resources.
• Barrier on 1967 Green Line
Bethlehem Barrier Crossing 2008