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LANDMARKS OF WORLD LITERATURE

James Joyce

Ulysses

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Cambridge University Press978-0-521-53976-0 - James Joyce: UlyssesVincent SherryFrontmatterMore information

http://www.cambridge.org/9780521539760

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LANDMARKS OF WORLD LITERATURE – SECOND EDITIONS

Murasaki Shikibu: The Tale of Genji – Richard BowringAeschylus: The Oresteia – Simon GoldhillVirgil: The Aeneid – K. W. Gransden, new edition edited by S. J.

HarrisonHomer: The Odyssey – Jasper GriffinDante: The Divine Comedy – Robin KirkpatrickMilton: Paradise Lost – David LoewensteinCamus: The Stranger – Patrick McCarthyJoyce: Ulysses – Vincent SherryHomer: The Iliad – Michael SilkChaucer: The Canterbury Tales – Winthrop Wetherbee






JA M E S J OYC E

Ulysses

VINCENT SHERRYVillanova University






cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City

Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK

Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York

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© Cambridge University Press 1994, 2004

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 1994, second edition 2004

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication dataSherry, Vincent B.James Joyce’s Ulysses / Vincent Sherry. p. cm. – (Landmarks of world literature)Includes bibliographical references (p. 117) and index.ISBN 0 521 83209 81. Joyce, James, 1882–1941. Ulysses. 2. Bloom, Leopold (Fictitious character)3. English fiction – Greek influences. 4. Bloom, Molly (Fictitious character)5. Dublin (Ireland) – In literature. 6. Homer – Influence. I. Title. II. Series.PR6019.O9U697 2004823´.912 – dc22 2003055418

isbn 978-0-521-83209-0 Hardback isbn 978-0-521-53976-0 Paperback

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For SophiaConsonantia






Contents

Preface page ix

Note to the second edition xi

Abbreviations xii

Chronology xiii

1 Introduction 1

1 Landmark: the ruined monument 1

2 Ireland and Europe: from the 1890s to

the 1920s 5

3 Novel voices 13

2 Epic subjects 22

4 Telemachia 26

5 The odyssey 32

6 Nostos 58

7 “Wandering Rocks” and the art of gratuity 63

3 Lapsarian languages 73

8 Stephen Zero 78

9 Word incarnate, word carnival 85

10 Graphic lies 94

P(ost) S(criptum) U(lysses) 102

Appendix: the schema 113

Further reading 117

vii






Preface

When T. S. Eliot titled his early anthology “Introducing James Joyce,”he started an ongoing process: Ulysses has been reintroduced nowto four or five generations. One measure of “landmark” status for aliterary work, after all, is its continued capacity to be rediscovered,and Ulysses meets that test again and again. Its dimensions seemindeed to have grown with the history of literary criticism in thecurrent century, to each of whose major phases it has respondedremarkably well. To the neoclassical standards of high modernism,which continued in the formal intelligence of the New Criticism inthe 1950s, it offered its Homeric structure and elaborate schematicimagination; to the post-structuralists of the 1960s and 1970s, itpresented a language animated by experimental and convention-dismaying energies; to the new historical critics of the 1980s, it hasrevealed founding contexts in political and cultural history, herethe shifting backgrounds of turn-of-the-century Ireland and theEurope of the Great War of 1914–18. Reading Joyce’s book can belike reliving the literary and intellectual history of the twentiethcentury, the course of which it has helped to direct perhaps no lesseffectively than any other single work.

If the proponents of these several methodologies have engagedsometimes in the gang-warfare of successive literary generations, Iam less troubled by their oppositional premises. Formalism describesan energy in Ulysses no less potent than its deconstructive temper(each side of this counterrhythm lifts and reinforces the other), andattention to the verbal textures of a work need not preclude interestin the shaping occasions of historical place and time. The historical,formalist, and linguistic dimensions of Ulysses are the major em-phases, in turn, of the three chapters that follow here, which seek,by the end, to blend and balance these several lines of inquiry in a

ix






x Preface

single critical vision. Ulysses is one book, even if its centers of energyare various, indeed conflicting.

One of the assumptions in these chapters is that influence canbe exerted in radiating rather than pointed or direct ways, and somy acknowledgments to the legacy of Joyce scholarship must beincomplete. The list of critical titles included here under “Furtherreading” is designed to represent a tradition as well as to cite specific,local debts. Of these the most urgent are owed to the Joyceans whoread and commented on this book in manuscript: to A. Walton Litz,Vicki Mahaffey, Robert Spoo, and Michael Groden. Students havealso enriched my reading of Ulysses: I thank Daniel Hipp, Christo-pher Segrave-Daly, and, especially, Mara Jeanne Browne. Materialsupport and encouragement have come unstintingly from VillanovaUniversity, where I wish to thank Rev. Lawrence Gallen and Rev. KailEllis above all. I am grateful to Jennifer Azzara for proofreading sowell in extremis. To J. P. Stern, founding editor of the Landmarksseries at Cambridge University Press, I express my gratitude (now,sadly, posthumously) for his invitation and his responses to an earlyprospectus; to Kevin Taylor, Senior Editor, for critical understandingas well as practical help; and to Katharina Brett, for expediting allbusiness with such care and intelligence. I am reminded by my wife,Hiroko, that life, like Ulysses, can be a book of hours; she redeems thetime. My daughter, Sophia, responded once to a lengthy disquisitionon Joyce’s use of ancient legend, on the mythic method in general:“It’s like an old shoe – the more you rub it, the deeper it shines.”She continues to improve me; I dedicate this book to her, wise alsoin harmonies.

“‘Wandering Rocks’ and the art of gratuity” appeared in a slightlyaltered version in James Joyce Quarterly; I am grateful to the editorfor permission to reprint.






Note to the second edition

Second editions provide opportunities for second thoughts, but, in amildly Joycean way, mine run mainly to a lengthening of what wasalready there. While the major critical ideas and conceptual organ-ization of the book remain the same, this new version introducesa good deal of new material: the readings of a number of key pas-sages are expanded or substantially recast. I have also attempted tounpack the densities of a sometimes compressed theoretical formu-lation, setting out the principles and applications in more extendeddemonstrations. The section on “Further reading” is brought up todate, at least in principle, although scholarship on Ulysses witnessesa productivity that challenges any attempt at adequate representa-tion in brief. Some of my own subsequent work has led me to re-consider specifically the lines of development in the legacy Joyce’swork leaves to other novelists, Virginia Woolf in particular, and thatsection of the book is fully rethought and rewritten.

All the changes a decade has made in other circumstances havenot altered the dedication, whose truth has been proven, and (as myIrish friend Paul Muldoon says) then some.

xi






Abbreviations

CW The Critical Writings of James Joyce, EllsworthMason and Richard Ellmann, eds. 1959. Rpt.Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1989.

D “Dubliners”: Text, Criticism, and Notes, RobertScholes and A. Walton Litz, eds. New York:Viking, 1969.

FW Finnegans Wake. New York: Viking, 1939(identical pagination with English edition fromFaber and Faber, 1939).

Letters I, II, III Letters of James Joyce. Vol. I, Stuart Gilbert, ed.New York: Viking, 1957; reissued withcorrections 1966. Vols. II and III, RichardEllmann, ed. New York: Viking, 1966.

P “A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man”: Text,Criticism, and Notes, Chester G. Anderson, ed.New York: Viking, 1968.

SH Stephen Hero, John J. Slocum and HerbertCahoon, eds. New York: New Directions, 1944,1963.

References are by page number to volumes above.References are by episode and line number to Ulysses, Hans Walter

Gabler et al., eds., New York and London: Garland Publishing,1984, 1986. In paperback by Garland, Random House, BodleyHead, and Penguin. (See “Further reading.”)

xii






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19

16

Rec

eive

sgr

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rom

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tish

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asu

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rait

publ

ish

edin

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York

byB

.W.H

ueb

sch

Lew

is’s

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edin

the

Ego

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gen

ceof

“dad

a”in

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aste

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isin

gin

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blin






Ch

ron

olog

y(c

ont.

)

Life

and

wor

kPo

litic

alan

dcu

ltu

ralh

isto

ry

19

17

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rait

publ

ish

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don

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publ

ish

edin

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inn

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ow

rite

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rait

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nity

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ay;w

orse

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eye

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late

inth

esu

mm

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dth

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mon

thre

cupe

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Oct

ober

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olu

tion

inR

uss

ia;U

nit

edSt

ates

ente

rsW

orld

War

;Elio

t,P

rufr

ock

and

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erO

bser

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ons

19

18

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urn

sto

Zuri

chan

dre

ceiv

esm

onth

lyst

ipen

dfr

omM

rs.H

arol

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cCor

mic

k;or

gan

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(wit

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kes)

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ish

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duce

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scar

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rtan

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ith

lead

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acto

ran

den

ters

into

law

suit

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step

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esof

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sses

seri

aliz

edin

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leR

evie

w(N

ewYo

rk),

com

plet

ing

mor

eth

anh

alft

he

book

byD

ecem

ber

19

20

;Exi

les

publ

ish

edby

Gra

ntR

ich

ards

inLo

ndo

nan

dH

ueb

sch

inN

ewYo

rk

Gen

eral

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and;

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ceon

11

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embe

r;Sp

engl

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heD

eclin

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Wes

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l.1

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19

19

Five

inst

allm

ents

ofU

lyss

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hed

inth

eE

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t;su

bsid

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ith

draw

nby

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cial

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ten

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lyon

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lles;

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man

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uss

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hit

ear

mie

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ttle

inR

uss

ia;S

hak

espe

are

&C

o.fo

un

ded

inPa

ris

bySy

lvia

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ch






19

20

Mee

tsPo

un

din

Sirm

ion

e;m

oves

wit

hfa

mily

toPa

ris;

seri

alpu

blic

atio

nof

Uly

sses

inth

eLi

ttle

Rev

iew

disc

onti

nu

ed(a

tepi

sode

13

,“N

ausi

caa”

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char

geof

porn

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phy

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eSo

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esta

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arat

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men

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and

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ecte

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th);

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nd,

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liot,

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ood;

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ism

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and

draw

sJo

yce

inPa

ris

19

21

Wit

hdr

aws

man

usc

ript

ofU

lyss

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omco

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dera

tion

for

publ

icat

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byH

ueb

sch

,in

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low

ing

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anda

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type

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ptof

epis

ode

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(“C

irce

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rned

byty

pist

’sh

usb

and;

form

spl

anto

hav

eU

lyss

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hed

inPa

ris

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lvia

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ch’s

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War

repa

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sed

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any;

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ists

elec

ted

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alia

nPa

rlia

men

t;T

reat

ybe

twee

nEn

glan

dan

dIr

elan

d;P

iran

dello

,Six

Cha

ract

ers

inSe

arch

ofan

Aut

hor

19

22

Uly

sses

publ

ish

edin

Pari

son

2Fe

bru

ary,

Joyc

e’s

fort

ieth

birt

hda

y;Va

lery

Larb

aud’

ses

say

onU

lyss

es,

keye

dto

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e’s

(sti

llse

cret

)sch

ema,

publ

ish

edin

Nou

velle

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ueFr

anca

ise

Iris

hFr

eeSt

ate

proc

laim

ed;F

asci

sts’

“mar

chon

Rom

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uss

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me

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iste

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engl

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l.2

);W

oolf,

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b’s

Roo

m;E

liot,

The

Was

teLa

nd

19

23

Beg

ins

tow

rite

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egan

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ake;

visi

tsEn

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din

sum

mer

19

24

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nti

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life;

first

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men

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inne

gans

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hen

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kin

prog

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the

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satl

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cR

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aris

)

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indi

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com

esto

pow

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itle

r,im

pris

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for

nin

em

onth

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rite

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pf






Ch

ron

olog

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ont.

)

Life

and

wor

kPo

litic

alan

dcu

ltu

ralh

isto

ry

19

25

Seco

nd

frag

men

tfro

mFi

nneg

ans

Wak

epu

blis

hed

inth

eC

rite

rion

(Lon

don

);fir

stve

rsio

nof

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na

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ent(

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s)

Woo

lf,M

rsD

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ts,A

Vis

ion;

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ka,T

heTr

ial;

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t,“T

he

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low

Men

”

19

26

Mu

chof

Uly

sses

pira

ted

seri

ally

inTw

oW

orld

sM

onth

ly(N

ewYo

rk)

Gen

eral

Stri

kein

Engl

and;

Pou

nd,

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onae

(col

lect

edsh

orte

rpo

ems)

19

27

Firs

tofs

even

teen

inst

allm

ents

(by

19

38

)ofw

ork

inpr

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sspu

blis

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intr

ansi

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(Par

is)b

yEu

gen

eJo

las

Lew

is,T

ime

and

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tern

Man

;Woo

lf,To

the

Ligh

thou

se;

Surr

ealis

min

Fran

ce

19

28

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aLi

via

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rabe

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blis

hed

inN

ewYo

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book

form

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der

topr

otec

tcop

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ht

19

29

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chtr

ansl

atio

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blis

hed

inFe

bru

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19

30

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rnat

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alec

onom

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d,A

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19

31

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ly;d

eath

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Dec

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lf,Th

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aves






19

32

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hen

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esJo

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ose

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his

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19

33

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19

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19

36

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ish

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and

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ead

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19

37

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inM

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w

19

38

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man

troo

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ter

Au

stri

a

19

39

Firs

tbou

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copy

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nneg

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hib

ited

byJo

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uar

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ium

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and-

le-P

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man

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19

40

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ance

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attl

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tain

19

41

Die

sof

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edu

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3Ja

nuar

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ch






Ulysses - Assets - Cambridge University...

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