- ~ OFF I C E L ETTBR

5'P 't.~ 1 9 40

To Bt\l\I . Cn_for d Offioe llAt

From Ro e co. ff. Br o. II . Arbovale '!Jut Va. Of'N. coe JUlferrin!!. t l)

Subjeot Na1. lIr al SItU", pOClllho ntu Co Hi.tOry~!

Separate sheet f or aeoh subje ot . Qrd.t all ! or rr.al1t1es . l or office lotter s

n.ar ll r, '!: rawford , I am 1II1ni ng t o 1011 rrry report. and 1f i her o 10 any t h i ng

t hd i . not np, t , or that you d.on. t 1I1111,rltand pl • •• write • • abo ut th e matter.

tOil will I . e OCt Ihllt

alph abetic order, and 11 1111

of th. l and grant . .. I at Po .-ahOllt liB lJounty it ill

th d . 11 reco r ded in t he Land Grant f ook of Poellhorl't • •

flo 1 . In t he let-h I" A. Thlr e will b, about II. plge of 1'1"'" in ... eh lette r or •

t he alphlt: l t , ']"hie w111 Ihow tbe n ..... ot tt l orlgiO llal land grant ... by t h e

Coclllomw., l th of Vir sinia, the Acr,., lo cal dl.crlpt!OIl datI of grant and

Nu=ber of Gr ant Bo ok pag •• fb i •• ill carry III back to the Gran~ Booka 0' Augua.

and Bath Countya. o f Vir ginia. but ther e . ra no lDaIlee in th. let t.er A th. t

ie in "the Sath CO \ll1t y Bulla th.t co n rad th e u.a of Pocahoe.tu Count)'

thh ia od )' • auggaatiOJl or my Oll'Jl to h .... thls IncieJt intlerted 111 the

Po ollbor..tea hhto~, it rill ahow t o tna reede r tbe n ••• of tb. piouer.

tb.t took. up tha Hld landa ot PooBhOI"l"tee CouDty. end there 1. De better • .,

t.o .rri •• et th a 1"1 •• ' ot the pion,.ra th.n tlIh •• thad; it ..,ul., SI" a caplet.

hiatoriee.l foc ndat.ion. lit ., k

,c.c-

•

'''''-, ..... I'll'. 1

lULl un JJl'D OCCtIPA1'lOUS

.' Th . :.' •. ~ • ".u ".lui wo_ who oro •• .4 th. IDOUDtdllAl to rll'A bo=o. of' th.ir own

ill t L. woo:1od Tilli . e,y. or Pooahontu County • .:It. no.d theNel ••• t o p .xill -

t.nc. ot

but that

croat 1'1t;or and har d-.hip_ !'II." obt&1Jl.d t heir bo;J:e., to b •• ur.,

iDltlal .. ehl.~.o.t probab11 .... the ... I .. t ~ ar the battle. ~ .. ~ -.' -.

L1!'. dur1a& t ho flr.t ".ar. 1D. tb. n ... land _ ... rol .ntl •••• truc elo &Ga1n.t;

"' , the oon.tant threat. or

• -.... : 0 ",

.tarntlou~ dhe ..... and th. oountllr' att .. OU or r .... •

.. ~trul •• T&te •• • -

•• , .. '-

• Th. bol:1O _. t he ou.ter or .. 11 the plOD.er'e tbO".l(;ht. and actiTith ••

Ther. were DO trade. Dor ledu.trl •• that w.re not .. part or t ha ho~ lit ••

The III.1:b ltiO!1 at 1I.nd~hWl(;l')" t>eI1 to ... broad aore. on n.ry .ide precluded

tho dllTClloy.o;ent or oo=1t)' Ute and ahllt _oh hou .. hold otr izlto .. wor14 1; . .

ot 1t. ow;!o. Ti1th1n thb .elt-illlpo .. 4_FhOD t.M h'CIIlti.,..1lI&A labored aDd.

~~ ~~~~~.,~:~~~:;:~."T ""-34 ~ ;~~dJ!tl_ • , r.!r~- • J:: ~'J :;. ...

11 of tht nn oountr,y_ , " . l' .... - , .... "j- '.'" • ,:.,=",--,-"~",~~~,, ... t..:..L..t:S: .a....:. ",:". ~ • .- ' .... . . nw a1l: •• n4 ooX1C'oM ot the plOD .... bam .... It.1W De1I bJ tbe d.-

.: :~" T' .~,

dr .. or neod. ot the tam117 .0 IlaIOb .. '" \btl .. till u4 -"paw- na1l .. ttle. ~ • I. • '. ",.~

ne .en tr~.ntlJ went O\l.t alo.ne or ill .-11 pwtS. .. to proa,..t; tor tIIdr

tiU'D o1t... the h.blu they Mit; .we tha JII"OdMte <at r .... tre.a M4

. -,-_t:h.J-" _ _____ .t:"fI.-"'Id}._ ... A .. \.II' _, ... '-_ 0..

c aret'ul to 1..,. t ho r oot la.hed b the .. ~. rhe .upel'.tlticue w.,.. alwa,ye

t ho IIIOOn _ . e\U" to in t.'- lltbt: ot ~~e ~ .lnoe ODe l a id in the dark ot

h. MlLD.~ by -.rp1n.r; of' u.. 'boe.rd, .

1thd .... r:-eu.Dtoo5 a IU!OU' .1I .. 1nu1'ln, probl Pl. llot o;nly 614 ttwy.

~_ the _ 11, but t~ _de the hlNle l e .. 1I=pre~ble t o IDd l an ,ttac~_ ,

Clr .... d J'l&pa-r~ -... J;he 0!ll7 l~Ulft' ..... tt.rlu .nJlable. COll,~qu. :'J tl,.. ~

~ the eu-l,. cabin. had DO w1nc1~ Dr .ere .J:r=plr t , t:t:.-4 with ",,,,11 l oopbQl .. . . between the 10, • • . Yo .. L"I4 1:1:4 were w:e4 to caul k t~ ch1nka .

• • _ v_

pr~ to be .uoh .. populu ne,U DG pl a oe t or 11110. IU\d " .. or taod Yem1n t hat - . ,i t. u •• 1f" a oon dhe ontlnued . The f irepace and ohbmey were rr~u~tll'

bu.ilt ot stlob heaYi17 plaatve41'Fl th tNd. . Suoh. DII.ke.hlt't ..... UluaU.)' r ...

placed ~lth .ton. ~tcr the t~lT had b~oone '5\kbl ta~e4.

Fl OO!'a 1D tM ~ ho:;,ea .WaN ot ol~ or f&l1d:. utei' the tIO~ ~ ~ ..... _.

f>N!e,.l ,.. u tUer. i.n,ta.lle4 r outh puno~eOft rlo:'~r • ftOT~l unnb~'_ ..... --:: -

that in t he 2~'b~. ":'l" o.~1n on ,E?-k.

VGU:ld l eTel ooverd all but t he . ,

... punctwoa. ,loor &bod 11 1MhM .~ 1Ibe - . - - . . ar ... allrTognd'nc tM ~l.... Thi •• 11-. -

tiDated a .erio~ tire huard -.n4 pTOTidocS. • beneh _ wblDh . . ...... or the , ..

Such ce.sual dlsre9lr 4 of r on:a} turn1'hl.Dp ... I • I a1 eloac tM hoD­

er. To bri Dt: f '.1l"nl tUl'"O aoro •• thtI

_ ..

t~ t: .. t or l ' { . . p1"OT din,: oloth n, t or t ho t&l3117. Cloth trOll the .tore __ an

th:o.t ~OW::I. article. I:Tery etrol -on the honthr ... ot !leOeniV loquaiD­

' ed. w1th the lUI ot' t he .p1.l1.~n£ wheei, tM 100::1, anI! T&Tloul ather 1",,1.-

.. ::st.. 1'or OOllT8rt1nS "001 and n&% ,talb into cloth. .. '

A ohoiae bit or ,rou.n4 O,Q .. ob t~ ..... r.,eM'K ... the tlu patoh. ~·

"he rlpCl:led ,talh ot tlu were pulled by ha.c4 and lubJeote4 to thr •• or t our

rcekt or dzJ'1ll& &nd weathering in IIJl Optc Jh.id~ !hI raw JlII.t.t"lal .... t~

t ored U!ltll tbe !"rolt at approaching w1utu had h.e4 ,11 hand, tr<t& ::.ore

~8.te tuks . By ~ ot the hr.u.er . "t} .. l cutch1.DE t::dr. aD4 ea. " ... okll,

h •• 0047 pUt~~_~. stalb wu ::lho4 and caW -t'rca tbll llU.G fib ... ~ ~

he ¢ !lUl'"l< ' 'tOIC ",:, ... OT~ bit;-.olll cloth •• , ~ i;'crD, ~~ 'Other ....u.l ••

ubjeot t o iUU .. V7..ier~ !be t1n.r -1IilCi ... 'r .. ., jed. -tor 'b.Uu clothiDC ad ....... ,,:;;: - . .

oll61ho14 111l0~ . The elrttre proco ... f'r0ll plactil)c to ecnpl.-t1~ or t •

• ,. . n.. uh hoppor- to N round ovt.l~ tU 1Il.0!" .. pro'bab~ 'Weat 'U'SrCbda'.

r at oh.nieal pllUlt. the hopper ... DOlYtno\e4 ~ ~ .OVa. ia a l!t 10i to fOr=!" V_htl.pad t.ro~whtD."itMl..s •• Ei ...

c ould , • ~o11.t loap •••• 11 lit'! ela.1.,. t he T'1rtuo or mldne •• • it le,.,..d.. ..

eA f Qr launderlnt and ~l l ~th.~ ~ .ftn1~ purpo ••• • , 10'f"ed to

tell ot t~ waab~ trial. ot the eaTly Poe~o~t •• hous.w1f • • Cl othu •• re ,

cri[:inally "fU!~ed lilt tho r.e~er:t creek lUll! pO'U!1ded clean OD .. tl.t Tt;)Olt.

1.. t he 8ettlenallh

the--Beh 'ol! t he lu:nu-y of' woodC!l. tubs , DuTinC era . Sh1nabe_~·.~ rvuth .~ .. , .

i.t:ve.tltivo a;en.!.us oriGinated lI. lmElhbolll"d v:h!.eb was e1lllpl;y .. er!looth pl ... ?~ in .. .. ~ .-•

which horiL~tnl &TOOTo8 wore out . IltJ'llrcver , lire . Sh1ntl.berr,r .nd JI'IUI3'" ot . . " .

~er lloichborfi IIcoMled tb.1B throat to t he honol: 't)r or thelr labore and c on­

t! .. !lUed to UI!O tbe1.r htL!'"d .... orked knue1:1eG . The dauGhter . or the ,. ... 117 lOOD. .. , :lbta.ined one of the6e hOl:lO-::lIlde r::!r llc les . and, in 1900, Lucy, the )"OIm(,eat.

)ece..":Ie t he ow:ner of one or tho first faoto.7~d. boat'da 1A '\he De1thborhood • . - " - -~ .. ' ,. ',- -." ! ..... , .• -~ .# ........ f' , .... .. .. .... ~ .. .. , .. .. .. . .. - -...... . . ,

Jhr.~i1'1'1oo1t1el .ttached to law:u!orin& ~ batb!'IlC' tOf:.ther with \he .. '" . .::: .... -...... --r-- ~ ~ __ .... ___ .J,.._ - - :.- --...

.bsenee at knOll'Icd58 of snnltatlon rsde such r-r-otlce. muoh ..ore ~t • f.= "_". J.-: _

han 18 JiOi oona i der ed euentld. Besidel . In the ~llds of ~ .-.oh ea-. ."

ell. Older resicc~t~ of t~e Greenbrier Valle,y knew quit ... 11 that 1Wij0D8

;l01 hb e:lO".l&h t~_ bat.~e .. M .. _ body or hb hed dar1Dc th. 0014 .mthe ta_

~tober ur.til Aprll de.erred t'- 1nn1tablJ fatal NMal'b of ilUch all. """' ....

atko't ~ .lIb1ll 'Wet-. hunt: '!11th D\~.rOU' hfl"b. )a:ri .. llC roal or i_«1De4

..., ._- r -_ .. . 0_ o~4. ~ )!'OWIN'" Ther .... har417 .. ~ who ha4 Doi; per or-

.ur, 1_.l OIMJOttlOD .t ._ tlftl \lpoD .1t~ hi. r ... Uy 0" bil liT' .took.

franolt Ie .t111 I'tt .WIbe.Joed, .. CUll of t~ oolortltl ___ her" of' thi. &roup . -. ,

lA hi. !lbt.? CIt Poeahont ... Couuty. Dr. "III. T. ~lc. r.I..tel .. typical

a.n~odot. of CI'&I1JJ,J".Sau.nderh II. r .b,t •• t..":at .. he b.e 1I'U abc:n.rt IU wcokll .

old h, eurtoN4 e\lOb ... ~.~.ttaok ot whoopin& ooll6h tM-t b .... aatua11:r

bel1n.:1 4.,.4. Ol'aJ:I.ff,Y taunder. C~ to the Price lotm • • ta.h~ the .pp&rean't­

ly 111'eh .. boq- in'to .. tub of ~ _ter and pierced hi. b ody bet..1M!l tM

. hoult:!er. "lth .. "&£01'. Shl ina.rt,d .. (,;00" qu.l11 bte 'the ohea'\'; oarlty

thl'o~ thie optm.1nt; anA bl_ t hrough the quill un'Ul the inte.nt __ O:1Oa

IIlOU but\h~ tor hi ... lt. G~ Sau.n4el'" '/J,mt 'fMnl.- Xoo ... ot lDapp' --Creok, And oountl ... other plODMJ" WOIIeD of t.lltI OolmV au. -" "" ... 11n'e

t he " .utterlill or their Mlch'bon. !'b~ 8n1!8". eea of \be pt s .. of

liunte:"8Tllb. and JohD. KcU.U of Dry C,.eC a&dll.lIt0.re4 all ta 1;h., .roz. ~

'bat bath. , bleediD&. aDd. pnot1.~ ,..,...,. ".or41aC b t.he dlotat. 01

i\he u -oaUed ·bDt..n1oal achool.- Abo Sa thla "'fNlI ... Darid a. ... ,. or

the Old Flel4 bnnob f4 nt, who .. thou"" .... 'tile nr.t fill thMo tor .....

;nee praotlt1oc ... ~ 11' ....

L ........ __ ~l. ...... __ 1".EUdl .. -" ....... ~ ..

r_hOCUt: Couutr

C},"r~.r 6

Pa,_ e

el.a',.r'7. h. ola.h!ed. _. pal't oMUld Up04 a !'ra .. oh .oldier " 10 ha,d beeD .ho\;

tta-~h u.. .to:::aoh .ith a he .. ,.,. . ball . Db .. rdD/; t.hat lIe CIII.t aot quiokly . , - .... " - ' t o .. YW the tlLIl. Dr. 2'a07 orcler.cl a aheop ~d prooeed.." to .ub.t1tute ~e -abeep' •• t o_l:h t or t hai; of the .oldier . 2'he- .tor")' oo;:lt1l:1u" that the

c~tio: 'W:U a oD:lplete lueoe ... aTe that tt.. patl0Dt eutertaLned an over-. , . • beld...c& appetlte tor "' ..... and other &,...,D t"orat:e tor the re.t or hl.~ c.ay. • •

Firat &radYlI.te 11:1 M4io1ne to looate 1n Pooahol:ltu .... Dr . Ceorge B. .... '. ~

lIoN'.~t .bo 0'" to HuDt;:errrlll. 1z1 164:1. Dr. )lett roell.oe bet;&n praoUo. , _. , .. . ' . ~ .

at lIIU Point la 18&8 , Dr. John Li,on lettled at Clover Liok . and Dr. S. P.

Patter.on arriv" 1n Hw:Iterarllle at the dOle or t he !'tar b.1oween t.he .state •• . , ~o lurYh. 1.11 th" aarly 1U.y1 of the county 1:teant tha\; e".ry JDeDber or

the r &l:l! ly tI1Jet .ark hucl. dare Yp<ltl lIlld wit.i}out reet. at thie mm;ol"oUil t.a.ka

about the re.rJII. Teohnioel eld.ll ad ec l entiflo methodl ..,.. !lot iA \he

"ooabu1ary':; ~10al etran,th: d1IJNI~d for b041~ cl.1eoo.tort., ~ u. - ,=- ' ~~~ ,"'... .;...,., ... I&G1b bl'ain_fa1ll1d by experlcmoe •• re the attribute. ot ~e .un .... M .pl~ 1. - . .-,,~ .. , - .1

.oOill' . me weak dl.,d, tor thor.-'''.I uttle JIUIPOl'1JI& flo pl'oloas 'hea 11., ... . ofhe lcportanol placed 0lI. physioal eaoeUenoe 10 r.rbo~ 1a 'he pt'otdDe!loe

,r web )'Ollllb mer. .. Lerla Collinll, AIldr ... ~.toD.. u4 tha.u oloblwo:a. •

• 1 r:-.fJD ... re the herool or their dar Dot b l oav..e or brl111-.at MM.., :atI

l'ooa,nonue ,-olltlV

CNoFt.,. 15

J'a.c;e 1

fhrCl\l(;h the "'(U'11 ta._ ot eurTI-.l of t he t'ltte,t thl, plQrdcel ,10_ .. 1

0&

ertlal1d,d to the "ctDUI. azul chlldrlll1 .. , "'tIl . Cblldrlll1.-ere c~ld(lred the

- LOl"d '. will .- Thotlbb, there la. no doubt . cc:aider-able truth IEL the b elter

t hat: !area tu.Uie .... re 'll'e.Qted. to do the ttrJII ...orl:::. it 1e .ere probtLble

that thb r..taUaUo R.GoaptMoe t. 1ar';1111 r llapo:aib1. t or the \lnb.t leY&ble

_he of J:lIll:Q' tm:lll1ea ot tt:.. e&1"l;y Dinotoenth c~tury. Far ~r7"0lJIU1 wbo

11~ to the adTllD.ced. .r;e. acolll.1.I!Ied by hl. torlall8. there _re dor;e;:J.8 ot

w-o.:.e::l who diet! .. 10 an . &1"17 ~ from OTerTOrl::: &ad. continuou. ch1ldbea.r1n&.'

1'at111e. of len t han riTe or IJU ohildron •• re oona1d.ere~ qu1te st:all. •

Clark I&oCloud. wna the father of 21 ohil drOll . &:Ld. !ilDothy r.:cc.&.rt7 tra.Ue!

thi, r ecord wi t h ~O . I:ach of tile •• ,,".mi."" ~r1ed trice. Lar&e"t rtll1l¥

CIt one oouple on record. -'11 thll:t of Clurk lUll! i'bB~ ilan:l o£ ' p dhn .. ,.a.!'t who·

had 17 e hlldl-ellt

15 or .. hot:! lived to tul.ulthcwt.. ~1111u: and ~o.n01 i;11aon

i:e.nle~Here the parenti; or ni.ne de.uQl:tet'a and .~ .acaa, S..u'cl-UIA J.Im

MoGulreT avy,.. e&rly reddent:l!l or on. HUI •• h&d. n1IlII tOGa and. r1' .. 4.aLllhtera, -"'&oob an4 Mary BrOlIn T:angh. b!Ia 15 oh1ldrG or whoI:I. live 1h1ll4 to .Wtboo4.

Diphther1a. c!y8entery and. oountleaa other d1 .. a ... \ook tbeU- ull, oL'kJl ..

wip1n[; out • .:::ti~ tarlilieh • .,

·~lldrt.l!. h ...r.~ Q:l.ly to 41100 .... t.bt ~""e"u ....

'toura1n.c hOIa.. He d.uhe4 ..... ok "'" r.tr1en04 Ut. ball1

" h.hll l.rt both ot the!l lOUTed. 1'0 .. 'tt,. ,. ... t of' thoir

• Ull .. Iloop l..D \ J ..

tro .... ~. ot 1'1..-

F'l- lor t o tho ti_ o.t t ho r. .... b.b<o-n tho St .. t ... t ho oblldron t>..,.4

lUtlo edo" .. tlou ou. ... than tho .rall ... 0\1..,1; whioh t hoy r oool .... d .t ho, .. .

~ a COOCUy pOI"t.1= or th. pooplo thllT. _0 ... u .. truo" of too ".\Kh r or:al

oduo.tiOD . rhoao who •• t .bout ond 1"0.4 I".thor thaQ bucy1n, t hacaolvoa

Th • .-1tb ._ n. .. ual tuk:...,.. r ightl y ooulde)"od o:.t or .top 1I'ith tho ere .

tlr.t ... hoola werro OII'W0rtod \Jy tho .... u a~U;lou ..... d. .. oll_t.o-do tu:<llh ••

SGhool -.:ua hold. in on. or th. """"' • . or ~D 1111 aOOn4ol' .. d oabU!. or ohed . !h.

to.cbor boarclod ft l"ollnd o.c:c:o, tho oeholer. . rocolnn, 11"1. , ... '" ...... t1011 l.Il

.. '! :H U oa t o t h fl i " 1"0ot:l lUI.! bo .... 4. !he eduoaUo: of the ...... her __ rrlllQuol:lt-

oIlhJoota0,liTil1li--. ll&rln- of

naxter, owner ot tho 1."s-0'

~." born b 1808 .... tbo 0'" ~ Col • .1_ oWdiod. tho oO:l.hnt. ct tho hl1".,Md ...... .,..1..,. _ lII. tJuo.. . ' •• ,~l .. Ciao , and &l11e4 oubJooto and "U\We4 tort:b to 'he; .. OM CIt' t_ •• , P"'P"­

lar of tho oft: l y p~ogOtuc • •

llead111C cahr1&l 'II'U J1t!lW sa 'fU'1-,¥ u well .. t.a-Utz • . n. Dlbh, III. t_ .I_od.&!")" text boob aAIl • __ .. q ~ ••• n •• t.l"" lit ....

• ~. oolleotion.

Sa • larco part 01' thio _tw1al.

).UtI. •• .,. NeataUft hUlpl.

,~ahoJ! t .. CouAty

Ct"l t.r &

P •• ' 9

10 tV uUj;hi.er Jp.nl Cool.rd, al10 lit . Ind !rd . ,.011. or 'fI'.aley' l SIMQODI . d Flt:tohlr' l

Plea f or £.1 1,1on~ an t.03d1 t'ictio."\Ary 1n two "'01\1.'"-'11 , t.:1I1!plc:m1

.Ap~al to ... ·.tt.,. oj' FaClt -.nd CW:P)::l ~e:I". ' :"0 ~ dau,hi.or Sarah J.n:l ToU:J.t: .

2nd . nlu.'I'll of' Clu-kl . C~t&r7. to ~ da.""h1.or J.'&rtllO Mkhoc . t~. (th.

v.al . or Cllll"ke CO~::l~. To q eon ~IW Younc . the r _5.n1n!;: put or , . . all or I:V" pr l r,tod boob eHher ~mr 111 ~ 'paan.don or lo-nod out 'to tt:I

r.e!l;hbor . . .. , '.: t

. . r:illb.r. n. Foot"e lI"j'Of'.r1 t o heve been .. eello1&1' ot M. day . I . bUI

or Ile.le drnrt,4 1n He ~e in 1666 lne l udu l "(11)' t Cl f.-y " J.rlth.~tl0 . · · ·

(i r aJIrau . l:eGuftoy, ':bJ rc!. fl u,der. r .• i ' l ,Uj;,t>ra t ro.tU'al Phill oe'f~)·. J;ot:l ­

Q\lfl5 t. or H ,e ~1 b1e . ["died Chfr:l.1atry . '1M lIe!' a!U! ~!'1n~ . 110,.10, :\IT"f.y"

i nc. l:i ~l71~ .G.oer-p~Y:sF:f~',aphy and

wtnl (; 0=111\%110n , l!ecbanl. Qap&tUO:l t 'an.

iiiatory, l .alkwe Dictionary, trad •• -

lot' ot b~1c.I ad' ~.t • • •

1'1, l r;::-tant th~ ~~ ~~o.~~OG'" pr.~t~~ .. ~lID~: .~ .ran. i~ and. hO\lSlho1d .... ts. !he 'YOU:1r; talk fi too_nan_ ..... 114\ "n u earli .,..

1:1 the r1o.,ocr1n.-; d.Y" . f'ina.:'Ie1&! .t.w.. W&I or IUtot. ao"''1\WMe~ t:a~

b1htmel'l t of a ntfll" ho::.o eo.t little 'bQ, laborud. ~ lD .. ho. at , ~ , ,

a lhor.Uy. tnJta in "Meb the pion ... 7CNth !la' __ • ...uti ... 'alaN

I -1 •. '-1.u,,,,,,,,,- _

..-.. ---.... u.. .... t-.Wlt in "'Met!; .. hydr06arbQCou. l.dy bawu •• -lJ)ILClk n.t..y" a1l"&.1t.H

• rid.,.. a\ tb. cd or the tral1 .

Boarded Iln~ aad Nn. 11tlaey dru .... ud .~1rU .01" the ordar or

• ~T· In the n1l:'l1Df> )"O'IlIlC &nd. 014 j olzloll in the jiG' lUll! IQuU' (lane •• •

• loe.l fiddler. t'.~t·K off "rho Forb.d. ;)eer." "tuG Boat , " Mn-.O Lo .. t Carl",

ounroDd ~Ounta1Il ." -Wllllhl11.~'hl1 l . l<:arcb ," "e lucle Old. I!e.:l . " II lurkey .lD . t~

r ... . II Ilr.d 10 ~ or ~o other old t u.g. .. that CTO.:1 t.!~ •• Olt t1r.10" or

.~"'''U .t!O:l . r .... l·'whll. the 11 8"11' anI! 014 10nt; ••• :-. echo!.u& f'r0:l the ~11-

t bill,ido,1 " Oh , 6u.~ • • " "£. r bart. Allen , " ·S .. eet Llio • • Do:l ~olt.-

10 to pieoo tor;.thar t h rOll&h IIlODt;ha at una.l~. kak-break1:t.& ,tr""l ••

• 0::1Iy"Obl1C.t10tl _a a rL or like • .,..,1 .. . \l~ oall. lit. 'lib -.nner

~ r;ow tll!!loua tU8 kinS b .... qul1t:1D& pvU .... aD4 J..rTqt ~e. er ... 00.-

lIinb tl".e e f riel.nOT t4 ooordlaat.d laMr w11;.b _"tal p-aUflo&tlon or pIe aoa:ttered ~Otlt the lOMq -..musu,

Lit. 1h Poeahontu I

Cl,apt-ar 6

1';a 11

• - hi - t aDd br uah 117 Ul • _thoda. Plel da .ar. Olaara4 by cutt.1n, out tha r-ac.

hand . .1tter! tha 4.,.4 bl"Ulh -.nod wood hat!. b.1ID drat:,d 1JI.to heSopa and t he

ounoad. rhe bIlr.c.-aw-r«tndl11, are, f'Lk&:1 ol ell!l. , .. log bu.rl11D, 111'0,,14 be "-= •

in& 'll"r.1 ~au .. ll,. done Il.t ni&ht Arter t be Vl'::nl~ br6u:e btu! 41011 .-. Tho .

... ltl:1t porlod ... u c o.uur.ed in epeUln::; beo. , ato1"7 tatlin, . a i'Diia " ~

blia; e1hlbl~lon. , or , 1r the orowd cO;TOned early o.c.ouih to b~v~ aurfloietlt

, .. ~ ." l1r;ht. o:.e of t he oou.,tlo .. ahootinG ... tohe ••

, .. '.'., .. ,~ .... , At l ar. t he t:l4ltI would l1&ht t heir tor-ebol a.c.d dart ' !:¥lilt t l:e bl"\!llb

pUe. , .. :tdi!lf: Ol"t.:le;. tlll'lU dcrtln; U.roU&h t ho hup .. ~Ue t :1.e eooty

and perarlr-i ll, ~~ bU~rdod .gain.t rlyl~e e~ber. tha~r ra~11e. continued.

the felthitioa by t h. l1r:ht of t he erack!lnr; fir.. . There 'IIere Ilhr1'l1" a , . .

r_ maidena . ho for:::te:1 a gis:sllA' au!1enol tor the .aperiDE. )'OUDr;er tir.· '. \.-? ~., -. ~ - '«

l:Ien. At I\lob &&therirlGI the :youn~ toUr: tndtod ,earn ,luo. •• e:ms.bltecl ,- ~ :' , ,. their .kill a:1d pr~.. in ........ 017, Tert unooJU;oiOWI .anner, an4 held h&Dd.

e.nd 05de th:-~plan~ "-whioh .o~4 '.~ ooo'~~iJ, ~h:: ~~~£.' ;';'r~r~ h '\0" . ,

opport~~lti •• for othtU' yO'U:l& 00l&1I1e. t.o OO::lt~ the o:ro1e.

{)nOD Ue t&n:lOr '. lan4 .... 01 .. ,..4 bb _trucel •• , Oftl,.~. Cul-

thnt1nt the p-oW\d -.ith • plonhar • .,. t~ wood ..... b&okbr-.klnc:

ordeal. :&Ven artor UII ot the .... 1 ,bonl ,1_ ,,,'_ pneral, \he \uk

I" ___ ~. - "_.6. __ .. _4 ·~~_ .. _" _ _ .. ,, .. h _

Chap-tU" ...

ta:;. 12

10""" hia U e I.ppel.l"a.:!o, or • aeu - . ! £;,t..4 old I!&.tl ••• r c hl::lC; tb. COr ,und, t or ..

l oat ootta. Jerft.1ah Frh l • •• 011 of D.a.nlo1 O' Pr i .l who can. troD l rel lll.lld in

11(0. "'0.. 0 11& ot the cha.c:.plon r • • pOST I of .t It. looter PooahontRI r e &l on . .1' ••

t". l:.an-el t .C!l..on I.ppr oc.ohed h . and hi . roW" .ona . o:r. al.p.y' I.~O::.c:: t h e

ee-l,. arrin.! •• t !>,tliro nobel't Gay '., . ho.e .heat WlI. ulue.lly t1rc:t to r ipon.

Fhe:l all had c r hed t he . hole pnrty "o~ld rl.o., Yhoop1n.G and. l1n&lnt . int~

tho fielda • .I. dot Cl. ha=1dl'uIa , to!! stood 0::1 and aDd. oovered by the ro~~ , two . IJAd. I. .hear . !10 "Idle c oul d ICIIILTe the Jiio. t Ib_". .. in hl5 "''Ilu ....... a

~::l. t o be he r. oree ~d rQ upected.

Fr= Gay " t he hanolltol"l .0\110 pl"ob"ells up the ri ... er . cl.arln, eaoh

s tnnd a l t hey went , until J~~. Srid&or' •• 1.' reachea. Free t hore they 000-

ti:::ued .t ;) t he t'a rt"lS ot l"ill iatl and JobI1 Sharp. t hen to JOllah Lrown ' . and

= untU the)' t'lo1i:hed Robart; :!.!eore" tield., ,~ f..a-q- ,_ I

• • • • • -~ -- . ,

r~~Gonolel .ere nQ~ntr.~ue::l.t. ~-' ~1Dc .• t . rrl.1" .. .'. . . the hlU"""ft;ater*

..-ere .o"t'tte..ke.n by (!V':L1n: 'if ore they could ,,,, all the ou\ crain into

oh. e.vea . 'the Cot-OW" adjourIlod to the; hov. ••• l ... ....uc " .1"" 1D1DS.m-..\ to

t>. put up 10 t he moruiD,. Jud •• the- MIl • .,. mlrlq, W8I.I'). and Nl •

of a hIlrve,t l upper I Fr iel wu _Jar.cl to ." ..... np"" tluh1Dt: or • -". .

t ltUllder.tom c r"O'II'd1ob: in OYer u.. 'u'--

~" ......... \:Otl-- • • _" 'I --I~ - -. ... ... 1z:. or u,. oropa ... ~. 1JIor,,,,M t ) .. tl ...... " "" .. -

de:. by tr •• hly *h04 hotsea. ,"- f:N.i D. __ 8 .. read on .. h_Y)' plat.tora, 1lI4

.. _11 boy 1W\Inte4 O!l on, )IOT .. wou14 had anotlun' tl" • ...,101; out. t.he • ..-,t. I n t h1l ce.=er t.ro or t.hr_ tu,.. c ould tbrfllih '-0 to ro bWlll.I.e .. day . n..

,,"_t -. '\.hell t OBled into the .. t..r lII'ith • ,1,,,,,..1 , and ttl, l iGhter ohart

"ould blow mra,.v . fh. r e:l';Q1nder .... then 'haka" thrQllr)l .. 00=" •• h'e, 'lb,

o!-.att CDlGII, to th. top __ ,..\. ..... 11. oft by ha:>d . Th! •• dQW -thl)(i ttL" ..., -

to tho wln.nI:lW'UlC ,I ... t whleh yu t.o .. e4 b7 tiro IiOI£I. .. Ml, .. t hird , haok the

vat!! into th. all_t. Ttl ... 1nn".-1~ .t-.e", eontaue4 1A u., until t ho deTalop­

_ nt at 'the wt..:.t t"an. In 1 1l5P nilU ... O!\,aon. or Ilunt.oranlle lntT04uc-.4 t he

opertlottd by"'_" Y.hlt1D11r and Joh.tr. 0.31'0t'4 • • (18 to the I'ooahoJI.t •• "l1dente

on. of t~. 1'1l-,t w~d.r. gf tn. world. ~re4 ~ t-r bor ... U .. \hr'.1:dA&

oyl1.nd .. :r could .p1.!1 O\It '5f 6"'10 tlan. • h.nS ~ bon". UI~ld "'ft ..... "d ,

" o· !""'*. _0 -. .- , • •

, Th. inability or ooro to _ture b tbe ~ ......... beo_ .. d". .. ,

• pion"l' ot ", .. t etal'llntOl:l. who.. c.bia .tNt Jut; Ml_ ... _Up .1_,

hud t h.t c orll had IfAt ur..t 1ft .1oh~lu COUt, ........... ~tlV et the

.. told at bllTiD( be\lo~ 1"\ _ 1:I..ar ....

a1u '-I'a ua'Dle to tLnd ~bC

... .... _"1 .... t_. lIt .... U'

Id .......

_'hI' ..

. w ttH hk. lill. _ . upoQ t h. · ... r'. Dr IW'T1ar; hI. a b.arty Ir,eal 1Ih.:> h.r

hue~d .aler.d &Ad aTerted her ~.takao ,enarolity. fte r.d t he .\aT~.4

J otw'<nI 011 '_11 qUll.lltitiel ot " I h e.nd Idlk until t he wanderer bec.~ lut­

thJlt.Dtly r ocoT,re(\. t o r, tain ",ore ,011d food,. At'ter ..... er.l daye ot o:OD-

~rou&ht .1th b1m produoed ane ot W.r l1nt~ '. tiT.t crop ••

r (j ) oao:l &Dd No.t or t ha oora ~ •• eatall in tha tor- 0 jonn~ ourD87

he.l11j. lI,tore ft,. e.t.bl hhDcut oC t.h, ... t.r p"".t.4 Idll. e.o.t o C t l.-

OOtll • • • , r ound In h~DT block •• hloh .er. lIoth1n& .ore tha~ l.rb, ~rtor •

.-01. rrQII •• eot1011 ot tree trunk ~tandll1' .bout wa1.t hl~. Th. cor ll • • a

pl.o~d In t ho burlle~_out hollOW oC the bl ook all4 oru.h,e w1th • heavy pl un&,r .

fhe t ll101' coal _a aept.r1l.te4 &.114 u,e4 1n billllr; the .,k." t~ . our •• r ~.1u. I .Uher _&I"I pC>U.:l.dH '[;Iiu or - - ,04 " It .... ~cr 1.01I11Q'. ' , .

,. & d - . aarlJ telldI.'. t t he eCllUlty J'.l1~ .ote", ..... av1nltwoe

t or hh I h .Uhoed h, ~uld haTe .wft4 w1tbb -. t • ...u.,~ , Ihmtl~' an'

tnpp l<q; beoc:I. .. 'JllUCh e part ot th. tar..,.·, routla. ...... the '_1ft( or

hh tl.l dl . J. ... ld •• pTnd praoU" _. "hat Of 1""1.11& lip •• nrat t.our. ba­

t ore d •• 11 .nd r;0111& Into the Willi" wit21 • rttl.. ,.,.. 1eur\ .. 'II'U ,'bl. to

lurpr l .. ooor and otn.r ~ .nU, It 'IIIUI -'ttl 11.1." ~ .. ,.., ",ta.tn,

to t...s. WaaJ hWlt.,. • •• r. able '- lIII.c tr ••

Nlq a~ h~ bo_ DT6TJI ~cht ... '''lire ...., ... ,.... "1,..t.,.. -..k.

r4" I . Uti_. \I," '0 ,.n

to tl:e ..004. lb~ _r • • ble to

.0Qn had ..... oh ... t~L "Y 001114

.talk ....,4 kill

!'e.G.. )6

r,he4 J ohQ & r1o. OO\lcht t he property knOW1l a. t.h. aarook phoe~· he

pald tQr it 1a .ea1. on at the ~te or one haIr dollar por . apdl. or p~lr.

Ee ... U.tell t h&t he hd Idlled. 1, 500 deer dlll'1Dg hb hl.lnt~ career . Rla

.oat fru1tful h~~tlng ~ay ws. one In whlch h. killed .1~ ~ •• r and wound ed tn.

IflTe~tb . rho trod. 1~ ~.t and f ur. WIO al =o.t the onl1 ~ay tl~t farMor •

• lo~ t he Groo!lb:rlor could obtalQ the 1;004. whlch they could not pr oduce on

do~. bUlLael1 in which hardly ~y ORlh wal 070T aeen. Cured ~.t and tur,

bought 4ra •• , oodo , ~rdw&re , kitohoa ute!ll!l. , l ead , CUll powder~ and oount-

of tho tM.ll.gl_ t hat ~would _ke ~T froatior 11f~ AUob .ore • .r~\a~le . [ ~

.':;e:I," wu worth !'ro", ao ooatl 1;0- eo oent •• poUAd whea 4r1". It cr" lA

G!'lIIO!lbrior 1M, the Shaverl Fork or Ch .. t .hi"- ... 41a60iW.s. '" • \JQ1_

,00'.1\10., party d\lrinG the roa r beb ... t.be Stat... .Jbe • ." ; • lit .... fII .~.

t .. '!-1b u- .. thiok ....... ~ .. -'!' tn •• ~ _S- ....... r1Nd th. I*\eb

a eNG "ae•

r

Gh .•• ,,~ had 1 ...... • ~t.d.,. "'1:1 the " .. pec t

Sol .~ J1. mad. h ~ alr trip t o the f .bl.d patoh .

bOUGht. farm of 176 &01' •• on Rock

.. hio!'! _ . t. hllll •• 111zr.t; at 'lS, II. pou.nd . Uo ,:a, t1p10&1 of 1.1 •• early r,r:>cr •

.. ~o t hu. ~upplOl<.c.t.d t r.. p'oduction of t.h,,~r n l.r:u by cal'ltcllr:i::r; Oll 1.},.

natural "aBOUTon to b, fOUlld in t h, wooda . f)'o::l Dna.nc • .,oldon .... 1 . and

traded ~ lIoit. IUt ar; oofta. IUld II1mh.!" o"",,"o.Utl.. . Tho Nr,t white

al.!,= , o<'!'ll~red .11:1 olla ra.oc: h exchanGo pre •• d .. fllaTTelo ... l!.O'I'olt,' to t!>.lI'or~.a.D

" ., , ."

.. ~d&ne' or luge PJ:Ie .c.t-h .... po. • 'htl .. " 11a'bUl",. fleoa:. .'1" f'r~'U.ntl:r .1ped out liT b..rt: ab4 "1 ..... _hi ... l \U"Dd Sa the \mOd '1abc'

aurrlNDdlllE .. l lU'r.' perl vt the pt.nurap !a ~ •• ." Jewau.. or .'. 00

• h'" ror b.e.r, and .16. 00 • IteM. tar -.1 .........

c..rl.U,i. fuoltohout ..

'r I ..... pr .... rtlr bcNo.tr _

Sa PooahGll\U , - ....... _:IOU ..

-

, . . 1\ bu by

.... ot

TI,'.' ior;en-

,. 1. • --. 1 ..... 0_0. .~ ttl' top. o Or "ripp ' . ,, '''p ~ ... r-

Th .... 01r . ,-1' • 111 r.t'" ~ ,ot"&ltbl, up the !..DOU,," .. alh &!ld l~p "poll t". - ~

balt, but ,.~ h ...... reedy to len. he wou14 (lhoo'n,' t h.t the ope"s."" .......

too h1(:b tor h1", t.o ...... h. · " !"&:l1 th:'nl1~ teb. Iw._ ",Oft!. .,ut ot t he ,tru" ln ... itl\ , hflop kill!a,

b"a:-:: . ?(>'IIre:-!""l "r .. uc h ~CO)' ,. res tled. ....... " j"oot belU' t.h r cou&h tt,. leural

th!o~et •• ~d .tone rubble or Dleok ~~t.1n tor ..... ral e ternally l on£

... !..." •• tc.. }. f ore h1 ..... " tlD, '~~.,.. " he Ji.,.er ,.nd ..... 4h~ .. 110111, o ou}' ~

.U'el y brir.£ hI. ~ t o poi nt' 0-. t". t._'tIline: _111'_. , "-- ..... and Gl'

belliCll , tur.n.t auU • • , 1r:11 ed iD Pooabon"" . ten-vi'" .\oO~ tor )' ....

betore irato htl!lt&r l t'1ul 1l' ~h1' thell t • .,.. "

, -

.............

•

11; .. hou • • ,. ..... '-- _, h1 ~... ...... .. all .. 1'_ ya"". be!'" ,.e WOI.I! d

t heu- OWU h".:::"1 ,, .

If lct-.. e1 . Oa\tr;b"rty , rei.r tlcht nor, n..ns..,1 XeM' . and .. r;COT' ot ottt.r.

buUt thd~ _tel" l""""'red !:I1tt. .ton, t he Poecllonbl r.tr"~ , and th.-d~

1'Ot' •• ll-~ound .. -.1 .. Dd. tlO\U" kept their burre tumi'" .nd do ..... '" the hend.

NIl end h0lll1n;r block 'to II; rutoof'eo,d l:14 put . h.~ . :::d powdeT "111 1 .. ere

added to -.ny -of' th.,.. <IlIt.blh~llh . end l .. bor io,," l Y llewn U t::l;Iore bIL .... -'I

to .... .4 lu~bor while powdor beo.~ more e.~il'f &Tm l1.bl.. ~1111 .. Cl~

of Anth?1l.1 Cre"}'; d ...... l epd Oll.t of .--nerd "tll.Jl yeare .. lob p:n tbl i'OCIthantu

• t.n:>e;. COOl! l.ather tOT . ho .... nd he.r M5h Th' 8m''''' . 1" \._ ....... -. .. tor t heir h,th.n-,

$Ou .. onio o ouditl o::.a 1Q. tho " .. \Out)' lnrr""" '" .. ·_.· •••• 17 u hzul_.

,.. M \0 """,,t dooe:lt cr~ 1':'_ the ro111. , ..... . ....... a' ' . ..

•

northern poort of the

•

!r}, .... ,0 • •• • • _, 1 • 1 "-.,1, .......... beD • ..,.- ........ . "OT" oped .... OOlo~ .11 t,,,. r = . . ~w .... ... ..

t ho I!.rlTer5 tht-1YOd 011 the ,hud t r ip. thro\lSh cud L'1d r ain and b\lrnln~ Bun.

:r O:le bOtl;ed d -::>r.!:l . t he lIerd t.o OOI:MJ .10"& work.d and .-r..,.to<l. IUId dr-c .... hi.

t~ t o thei r ut=~$t en~ur~o t o help the ~tr~ed fr ol&htcT . The r!b.14

","hoopilll . c~&il:l& .. n4 dnglnt; .dth . 1,1oh they bro:'o , t he !!';onotony of t h" trip.

8clI..I:u1.11'84 t ho quiet folle aloni t ho Toaa. !lundred, of 11'.811 . \loh ... " red . ~

I?-.:-d , Jo!3 Gel' . Pe.ul S}>arp and hiB Ilona tdzar u4 Ellie . 11111. ~ r..m e.nd P.:;. -Cay , !e.ylor !logre , Lloyd Reed , t he Di lley_ - AIldre:or. John • .lr.oa au4 r'1111 ••

'1 nay. l'ow-e , ~ .. e lr.ine . Johu Carbon. John Gri~. t.n4 S .. F,..OIQUI piloted

t he ~oed-tlrod . hl~ l_bov.d freichtor' whioh .are the heart or Poe.hent •• t

the ~ehlno or • •

• 1= .... if unt oucl",d . "-al ~'! ••.• to au;>pl)' !'uei tor at.

n ....... at,

,

" oc" 0 11 \' • • County

(a"pter 6

"ac. 20

.:1~ o~~ :l.atu..-al T"IOIU"Oea .

Rich tl.QI.l~ it .a. in alloh natlU"1Il1 roaQuro •• t b. OOWlty . nt er" the .

t:w • .:lt1eth t e l O'D ury .tIll •• a .ui.t, tarQinc, .took-raiaLn& oo~lty. .r~

•

£Ta~e , £&T~&.:l truok. lIT •• took and t h. tr.ditional for •• t prod~ct. ~~In" tb. iT t .. ooocaro ot t he 01ti •• o.,

th. cr •• kine .at.,. adll' oonttDu.4 to ., cr~, .cd t he b~.ky, hill-brad bor •• ~ .1t~.~ood th~ ohal!'aa- at , \h. ~J bare. l ••• oarria, •• •

I glO .aw t~ InduatrLal r •• ol~tloQ - bar.17 Mvth1Qc tlut , " '. ' .. ' ~ ~

UAhurriad lir. at ? aee.haa. te. ••

• -'. ,

~ " . -.. -;: .. ~1 ', : . , • o 0 ,

" \" .!.- .... ":-,; •• . ..• ,

..,." p-

~

• .... ,_! • h .... r.l~ , • _u

\'A'~'':; p ~ ! If -..I

• t,' 0

~:.l4 ,~-.:tJ_

I