UHV 1200 kV AC Transmission

UHV 1200 kV AC Transmission

Power Transmission and Distribution H. Huang, D.Kumar,

V. Ramaswami, D. Retzmann

GRIDTECH 2007

Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T

HVAC Systems

500 kV conventional as also series compensated750 kV conventional as also series compensated1200 kV conventional as also series compensated

HVDC Systems

± 500 kV bipole± 550 kV bipole± 600 kV bipole± 800 kV bipole

Technical Alternatives for Bulk Power Transmission


Development of Voltages Levels for AC Power Transmission

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

12 3

4

5

Voltage

Year

kV

6

in commercial use

experimental

Page 3


EHV and UHV AC Systems – at Present

Voltage Levels of 735 kV to 765 kV AC have been introduced in the following Countries:

UHV Transmission Lines (1000 kV and above) have been built in Russia and Japan

Ekibastuz – Kokchetav (500 km)Kokchetav – Kustanay (400 km)Minami – Niigata / Nishi – Gunma (200 km)Kita – Tochigi / Minami – Iwaki (250 km)

However, today these UHV Transmission Linesare operated at 500 kV

Transmissionof 6-10 GW is feasible

1000 kV Line:SIL = 4 GW

Canada, Brazil, Russia (USSR), South Africa, South Korea, U.S.A. and Venezuela


Current and Voltage Transformer

Coil Products Bushings Line Traps

Arrester

Product-Portfolio Non-Switching HV-Products


Product Range Live-TankHigh-Voltage Circuit-Breakers

63

50

40

31.5

25

0

Rated short-circuitbreaking current [kA]

72.5 123 145 300 362 420 550 800 1000Rated voltage [kV]

170 245

80

3AT2/3

3AT4/5

3AP1 FI3AP1 FG 3AP2 FI

The existing C.B. product range is covering 800 kVScaling up to 1000 kV is possible


High-Voltage Circuit-Breaker 3AT4/ 5 EI up to 1000 kV

EHVAC C.B. is using proven design and can be scaled up from existing 550/800 kV type to 1000 kV

R&D program may be decided for 1000kV according to specification

Requirements for short circuit current and higher altitudes above sea-level have to be specified

Ambient and environmental conditions have to be considered


1000 kV EHVAC Double Break Disconnectors

Technical Data

Rated voltage 800 kVRated lightning impulsewithstand voltage (1,2/50 µs) 2100 kVAcross the isolating distance 2235 kV

Rated switching impulsewithstand voltage 1300 kVAcross the isolating distance 1725 kV

Rated current 4000 ARated short-time current 63 kA

Technical Data

Rated voltage 800 kVRated lightning impulsewithstand voltage (1,2/50 µs) 2100 kVAcross the isolating distance 2235 kV

Rated switching impulsewithstand voltage 1300 kVAcross the isolating distance 1725 kV

Rated current 4000 ARated short-time current 63 kA

...to 1000kV design:Up-scaling will cover the require-ments on creepage distance & mechanical strength of porcelain

from existing range of 800kV.....


1200 kV Power Transformer Prototype tested in 1972

EHVAC Transformer using proven design can be scaled up from existing 800 kV type

R&D program may be decided for 1000kV according to specification

Dielectric specification and transport dimensions determine R&D cost and time

Test facilities are an open issue


Recent Activities for UHV

Transformer & Reactor Bushings:Type OTA; Trench UK *, Oil-Paper TechnologyProduction: Hebburn/UK, MWB Shanghai/ChinaDesign for 1200 kV Transformer is availableReference: Henjang / China

* now Siemens* now Siemens

Example AC Test Transformer 1200 kV

Protected CreepageDistance: 10.5 m

Page 10


Development of UVH AC Transmission

Source:

Bundle of 8 Conductors

1000 kV1000 kV Test Line in ChinaTest Line in China

Rated Voltage:Rated Voltage:1000 kV1000 kVMaximum OperationMaximum OperationVoltage: Voltage: 1100 kV1100 kV


Road Map for UVH AC Transmission in China

Source:Source:

ShaanbeiShaanbei

JindongnanJindongnan

JingmenJingmen WuhanWuhan

NanyangNanyang

1000 kV1000 kV Pilot ProjectPilot Project

Project Highlights:Totally 650km Length Including two UHV-AC Substations and one Switchgear Station


Specific Issues – for UHV AC

SF6 insulated CT and PT – Design is well proven

Type SAS, SVS; Trench Germany *

Production: Bamberg and Shanghai

In Service up to 800 kV

Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem

Capacitive Voltage Divider

Type TEHMF Trench Canada *

Production: Toronto und Shanghai

In Service up to 800 kV

Scaling-up for 1100 kV is no Problem

* now Siemens* now Siemens

The The AC AC Measurements for Measurements for UHVUHV

Page 13 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T


Tower Configurations

108

m

92 m

71 m

50 m

16.5 m

16 m

15.5 m

19 m

44 m

48 m

8 x 24.1 mm AS-330

8

8 x 31,5 mm ACSR

6,5

Line conductors

Air gap clearance phase-earth [m]

Ekibastuz – KokchetavKita – Iwaki

Page 14 Dec.-06 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1T


Bundle Design and Tower Configuration

Voltage 1000 kVPhase conductor wire 8 x 403/52 ACSROuter diameter 27.7 mmSub conductor spacing 400 mm

44 mØ = 1.07 m


Calculation of Overhead Line Characteristic

Resistance 0.0107 Ω/kmReactance 0.267 Ω/km Capacitance 14.15 nF/kmSurge impedance 245 ΩSurge impedance load 4080 MWCharging power 4.45 MVAr/kmMaximum surface gradient 14.7 kV/cm


Electric Field Strength

5 kV/ m - 10 kV/ m

10 kV/ m - 20 kV/ m

20 kV/ m - 50 kV/ m

50 kV/ m - 100 kV/ m

> 100 kV/ m

-50 m 0 m 50 m

0 m

50 m

Sectional view of the transmission line vertical to the line axis


Reactive Power Demand of Overhead Linesas a Function of Load

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

Reactive Power[MVAr/100 km]

P/SIL

1000 kV

750 kV

500 kV380 kV220 kV0.5

1 1.5


1000 kV AC Transmission Line No-Load Operation

V1 = 100 % V2

2.457,6701000

1.504,169750

1.172,417500

1.041,133250

V2/V1QC (Mvar)L (km)

Need of shunt compensation

QC


Transmission System with Shunt and Series Compensation

Load capability of transmission system referred to the surge impedance load

Transmission angle as a function of degree of compensation

Ks

Kp = 0

Kp (ind)= 0.5Kp = 0

ΘΘ0

PSIL

Ks

Kp = Degree of

shunt comp.

Ks = Degree of

series comp.


Load Capability of Transmission System Referred to Surge Impedance Load (SIL)

Kp (cap.)Kp (ind.)

PSIL

Kp = Degree of shunt compensation


Power Frequency Overvoltage During 1-phase Auto-reclosing

0

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

5

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 110% 120% 130%

degree of shunt compensation

Z0/Z1=2,0Z0/Z1=1,0degree of compensation

V [p.u.]

Power frequency overvoltage of disconnected phase during 1-phaseauto-reclosing for different Z0/Z1 ratios of shunt reactor


Ultra HVAC System > 1000 kV

Early research works on feasibility of 1100 kV system by AEP, Furnas and some manufacturers.

Further research works on 1000 kV by ENEL-CESI in Italy

1100 kV TEPCO line in Japan ( 140 km)

1100 kV line in Russia operated at 500 kV as reported

1000 kV demonstration line with 3 substations are currentlyunder development in China

Conclusion:UHVAC technology is technically feasible. R&D works are needed on the equipment side

UHV 1200 kV AC Transmission

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