UCSB CoE Career Facts · year-long, industry project course STEM Student Organizations find a...
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Wind Turbines March 17, 2009 ME 496ALT – Alternative Energy 1 Wind Turbines Wind Turbines Larry Caretto Mechanical Engineering 496ALT Alternative Energy Alternative Energy March 17, 2009 2 Outline • Wind profiles and their effects • Turbine capacity factor • Turbine power controls • Effect of rated power per unit rotor area • Tip speed ratio • Turbine power calculator • Environmental effects 3 Wind Change with Elevation • Wind speed is zero at ground level • Simple equation for wind speed at height, z, relative to reference elevation, z r , is v(z) = v(z r )(z/z r ) a – Value for a varies with area (urban vs. rural) and day vs. night – Can be determined in terms of atmospheric stability conditions – Default value is a = 1/7 • Heinshon and Kabel, Air Pollution, 1999 4 Wind Change with Elevation II • Roughness length, r = z 0 , accounts for rough terrain effects –z 0 is effective elevation where wind speed is zero (instead of ground at z = 0) • Equation for wind speed at height, z, relative to reference elevation, z r , is v(z) = v(z r ) ln(z/z 0 ) / ln(z r /z 0 ) – Assumes neutral stability (ground neither heated or cooled) 5 Roughness Parameters • Open water (r = 0.0002 m) • Completely open terrain with smooth surface (r = 0.0024 m) • Agricultural area varying amounts of fences, hedgerows, buildings (r = 0.03 m, 0.055 m, 0.1 m, 0.2 m) • Small villages (r = 0.4 m) • Larger cities with tall buildings (r = 0.8 m) • Very large cities/skyscrapers (r = 1.6 m) 6 r = roughness elevation, z 0
Transcript of UCSB CoE Career Facts · year-long, industry project course STEM Student Organizations find a...
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UCSB CoE Career Facts
