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The UCLA Broadcast News Archive Makes news: A Transformative Approach to Using the News in Teaching, Research, and Publication Sharon. E. Farb Todd Grappone UCLA
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The UCLA Broadcast News Archive Makes news: A Transformative Approach to Using the News in Teaching, Research, and Publication
Sharon. E. FarbTodd Grappone
UCLA
What is UCLA Broadcast News Archive?
• Expanding archive of over 150,000 television news programs captured and digitized
• Searching of program-level metadata as well as actual program content, utilizing the more than 802 million words of closed-caption texts, as well as on-screen texts, detected visual shapes, and other attributes of the audiovisual stream
• Over 9.7 Billion Images• Grows at about 1TB per month
Intellectual Property in the Digital Age Series
It all starts with the mission…
UC Policy on Copyright Ownership
• Section I. • Preamble
• “The creation of copyrighted works is one of the ways the University fulfills its mission of contributing to the body of knowledge for the public good. The University encourages the creation of original works of authorship and the free expression and exchange of ideas.”
• http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/copyright/systemwide/pcoi.html
CLIR Postdoctoral Fellows 2008
The Mission of Higher Education
• 4 Principles (Pelikan, 1992)• The advancement of knowledge through research• The extension of knowledge through teaching• The preservation of knowledge in libraries, galleries and
museums• The diffusion of knowledge through scholarly publication
• Jaroslav Pelikan, The Idea of the University: A Reexamination, 1992
High- capacity storage
Low-latency storage
Capture
Encoder
Capture
Webserve
r
Searchindex &
DB
Account server
Accesscontrol
Analysisscripts
Streamingserver
Encoded video
Snapshots
Searching & browsing
Playback requests
Playback requests
Users
Meta
data update
s
& capti
on texts
Authorizedvideos
Videos
Requests
Audio and
video
Scheduler
Backup
MirroringRemotebackup
UCLA TV News Archive Infrastructure
Sources of TV news videos
Terrestrial broadcast, cable, or satellite TV signal. Contains video, audio and closed captioning streams.
Capture
Audio and
video
Scheduler
Video capture scheduling and monitoring
Scheduler interface to select programs for recording
Capture
Analysisscripts
Encoder
Capture
Audio and
video
Scheduler
Video capture, encoding, and storage
Snapshots
Images taken at 10-second intervals to enable visual navigation
Low-latency storage
Encoded video
Raw ATSC video (approx. 60-70 GB/hour) compressed toH.264 448x336, AAC at 96 Kbps (250 MB/hour)
Isilon X200 network-attached disk storage array
Capture
Encoder
Capture
Analysisscripts
Low-latency storage
Encoded video
Snapshots
Searchindex &
DBM
etadata
updates
& capti
on texts
Audio and
video
Scheduler
Metadata updates
CC1|20110204130013|>> THIS IS "BBC WORLD NEWS." CC1|20110204130016|FUNDING FOR THIS PRESENTATION CC1|20110204130018|IS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE FREEMAN CC1|20110204130023|FOUNDATION OF NEW YORK, STOWE, CC1|20110204130024|VERMONT, AND HONOLULU. CC1|20110204130027|NEWMAN'S OWN FOUNDATION. CC1|20110204130028|THE JOHN D. AND CATHERINE T. CC1|20110204130029|MACARTHUR FOUNDATION. CC1|20110204130030|AND UNION BANK. CC1|20110204130058|>> AND NOW, "BBC WORLD NEWS." CC1|20110204130104|>> EGYPT'S PROTESTERS CALL THIS CC1|20110204130110|THE DAY OF DEPARTURE. CC1|20110204130111|THEY WANT THE PRESIDENT TO STEP CC1|20110204130113|DOWN IMMEDIATELY.
TOP|20110204130001|2011-02-04_0500_KCET_BBC_World_NewsCOL|Communication Studies Archive, UCLA UID|d9149328-3062-11e0-8555-001517add60eDUR|0:29:49.48
The Apache Solr search index is updated in real-time
Low-latency storage
Capture
Encoder
Capture
Searchindex &
DB
Analysisscripts
Encoded video
Snapshots
Meta
data update
s
& capti
on texts
Audio and
video
Scheduler
High- capacity storage
Backup
MirroringRemotebackup
Video data backup
High- capacity storage
Low-latency storage
Capture
Encoder
Capture
Searchindex &
DB
Analysisscripts
Encoded video
Snapshots
Searching & browsingWebserve
rUsers
Meta
data update
s
& capti
on texts
Authorizedvideos
Audio and
video
Scheduler
Backup
MirroringRemotebackup
User interaction and video selection
Archive search interface
High- capacity storage
Low-latency storage
Capture
Encoder
Capture
Searchindex &
DB
Analysisscripts
Account server
Accesscontrol
Encoded video
Snapshots
Searching & browsing
Playback requests
Streamingserver
Playback requests
Webserve
rUsers
Meta
data update
s
& capti
on texts
Authorizedvideos
Videos
Requests
Audio and
video
Scheduler
Backup
MirroringRemotebackup
User authentication and video viewing
Search results and video playback interface
What is news, n. ?*
• New things; novelties. Obs.• The report or account of recent (esp. important or
interesting) events or occurrences, brought or coming to one as new information; new occurrences as a subject of report or talk; tidings.
• With sing. concord. Now esp. such information as published or broadcast.
• As predicate: a person, thing, or place regarded as worthy of discussion or of reporting by the media.
* Oxford English Dictionary Online
All material must be used within Title 17 USC 108 (f) (3)
Core Collection:ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN, Fox News, special news such as Watergate, 9/11, etc
Loan requests receive DVDsFees are charged to cover costs
Vanderbilt News Archive
Fair Use: TranformativenessBeyond Vanderbilt
4 Factors 17 USC 107
• The purpose and character of the use
• The nature of the copyrighted work
• The amount and substantiality of the portion used
• The effect of the use on the market or value of the copyrighted work
Transformativeness
• Did the unlicensed use “transform” the copyrighted material by using it for a different purpose?
• Was the amount and nature of the material used appropriate?
UCLA Transformativeness
• Selection of sources useful in teaching and research
• Video capture• Metadata updates• Archive search• Tool development • Etc• etc
Post Capture Processing
Best Practices
• Use Cases news archive in teaching and research• Multi-modal research and teaching• Comparative studies • Using copyrighted material as the object of a
social, political, or cultural critique• Using copyrighted material for illustration or
example• Capturing copyrighted material incidentally or
accidentally• Capturing, Reproducing, to memorlize or preserve
• “Libraries of all kinds during the centuries of their existence have had a common objective—one so generally accepted that it is seldom made explicit. It is the conservation and organization of the world’s resources of recorded thought and fact so as to make them available for present and future users.”
• Robert D. Leigh, The Public Library in the United States, 1950
References
• 17 USC 107• 17 USC 108 • Bill Graham Archives v. Dorling Kindersley Limited (2nd Cir. 2006)
448 F. 3d. 605 • Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Online Video—Center for
Social Media• Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Academic and Research
Libraries• Library Copyright Alliance Brief on Streaming of Films for
Educational Purposes• Jaszi, Peter. Reclaiming Fair Use, University of Chicago Press, 2011• Netanel, Neil W., Making Sense of Fair Use. Lewis & Clark Law
Review, Vol. 15; UCLA School of Law
