Ubiquitous Learning: Putting the Framework in Place
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Transcript of Ubiquitous Learning: Putting the Framework in Place
Ubiquitous Learning: Putting the Framework in Place
NizamSecretary of the Board of Higher EducationMinistry of Education and Culture
OCWC International Conference, Bali, 7-10 May 2013
Talking heads
Background
Policy and strategy
OER Policy & Strategy
Background
• Population: 243 million• Member of G-20
(economic scale: 16th)• Key country of ASEAN
(total population: >600 million)• 3rd largest democratic country• Endowed with natural resources
(nat resource per capita > China and India)
• Politically and economically stable (economic growth rate circa 6.4%)
Introduction: Strategic Position
Indonesia 2045Vision
Masterplan Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesia Economic Development, 2011-2025
McKinsey (2012)Prediction
DEMOGRAPHIC BONUS
Dependency Ratio semakin kecil (2010-2040):Usia produktif semakin besar (Bonus Demografi), kesempatan dan potensi meningkatkan produktivitas
semakin tinggi, semakin tinggi tingkat kesejahteraan. Namun bila tidak dikelola dengan baik akan menjadi Bencana Demografi.
Kualitas SDM sebagai kata kunci, Pendidikan dan Kesehatan sebagai peran kunci.
OF THE 2025 ECONOMIC MASTERPLANSTRATEGY
Key for development: HRD and Inovation
R & D Challenge
10
Education 2001 2006 2010
Elementary level 63.0% 55.5% 51.5%
Junior High School 17.7% 20.2% 18.9%
Senior High School 10.3% 12.7% 14.6%
Vocational HS 5.5% 6.2% 7.8%
Diploma I,II,III 1.6% 2.2% 2.7%
University 1.8% 3.2% 4.6%
Current Workforce ConditionChallenge
Elementary level
Junior High School
Senior High School
Vocational HS
Diploma I,II,III
University
51.50%
18.90%
14.60%
7.80%
2.70%
4.60%
Improvement of Workforce QualificationChallenge
Source: McKinsey, 2012
Improvement of HR ProductivityChallenge
Sumber: McKinsey, 2012
70.40%
22.40%
7.20% TinggiMenengahDasar
20.40%
39.30%
40.30% TinggiMenengahDasar
INDONESIA 2010
OECD
Data Kemdiknas, Diolah dari: Encyclopedia of Nations, http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/ diakses Januari 2011
SD atau tidak tamat SD
SMP
SMA
SMK
Diploma I,II,III
Universitas
0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00%
63.00%
17.70%
10.30%
5.50%
1.60%
1.80%
55.50%
20.20%
12.70%
6.20%
2.20%
3.20%
51.50%
18.90%
14.60%
7.80%
2.70%
4.60%
2010
2006
2001
HIGHER ED
HIGH SCH
ELEMENTARY INCREASEIN PROPORTION
FOR HIGH SCHOOL & HIGHER ED
100%
175%20%
45%
35%
Improvement of Workforce Educational ProfileChallenge
35%
44%
19%
Series1
INDONESIA 2025
14Kepulau
an Ban
gka B
elitu
ng
Sulaw
esi Bara
t
Banten
Kaliman
tan Te
ngah
Kepulau
an Riau
Kaliman
tan Bara
t
Lampung
Jawa T
enga
h
Jawa B
arat
Riau
Kaliman
tan Se
latan
Jambi
Sumate
ra Se
latan
Nusa Te
nggara
Timur
Papua
Jawa T
imur
Bali
Kaliman
tan Ti
mur
Bengk
ulu
Nusa Te
nggara
Barat
Sulaw
esi Te
ngah
Sulaw
esi Te
nggara
Maluku
Utara
Sulaw
esi Utar
aAce
h
Sumate
ra Utar
a
Gorontal
o
Papua B
arat
Sumate
ra Bara
t
Maluku
Sulaw
esi Se
latan
DKI Jaka
rta
DI Yogy
akart
a0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
90.0%
100.0%
7.4%11.3%
13.5%14.1%18.4%
33.8%
Catatan: kesenjangan bukan Jawa-Luar Jawa, bahkan di Jawa kesenjangan sangat lebar
Average GER = 27,4%
Geographical DisparityChallenge
15
Average GER
Source: WB, 2010
Socio-economic DisparityChallenge
Expansion of Higher Education Law 2/1961 : 23 Public HE Development of students
1975: 230,000 students 1985: 1,100,000 students 1995: 2,500,000 students 2001: 3.400.000 students 2005: 3.868.358 students 2008: 4.501.500 students 2009: 4.657.547 students 2010: 5.226.450 students 2011: 5.381.216 students
GER from 2% in 1975 to 27,4% in 2012
16 16
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 -
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
Students
Higher Education SystemExpansion
Policy and Strategyin HE Development
Fulfilling the Demand of Skilled WFSUPPLY
Competent Workforce
Universitas/Institut
Akademi Komunitas
SMK
Training providers
ODL
Politeknik
BANNABKKNI
IQF
BNSP
Framework: UU 12/2012
19
Innovation for sustainable development
Competitive Industry and Economic Development
Competitive Industry & Economy
through skillful workforce
Humah Resource DevelopmentSCHEME
• Grooming 10-20 Research Universities
PT Riset
• One Flagship University & 2 Polytechnics in Every Province
PT Pendidikan
danPoliteknik
• One Community College in Every District/City (521 CC)
Akademi Komunitasutk Tenaga Terampil Setempat
• Improvement in the ration of SMK:SMA
Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
• Improvement of quality and relevance of training providers
Kursus/Pendidikan Non Formal utk Meningkatkan
Kompetensi Naker Setempat
OER Policy & Strategy
Paris OER Declaration 2012UNESCOThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights: “Everyone has the right to education” The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural: “the right of everyone to education” The 1971 Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the 1996 WIPO Copyright Treaty;
The Millennium Declaration and the 2000 Dakar Framework for Action: global commitments to provide quality basic education for all children, youth and adults;
The 2003 World Summit on the Information Society, Declaration of Principles, committing “to build a people-centred, inclusive and development-oriented Information Society where everyone can create, access, utilize and share information and knowledge”
The 2003 UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Promotion and Use of Multilingualism and Universal Access to Cyberspace;
The 2005 UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expression,
The 2006 Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities The declarations of the six International Conference on Adult Education (CONFINTEA) Conferences
BACK
GRO
UN
D
Paris OER Declaration 2012UNESCO
a. Foster awareness and use of OER.
b. Facilitate enabling environments for use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT)
c. Reinforce the development of strategies and policies on OER.d. Promote the understanding and use of open licensing frameworks.
e. Support capacity building for the sustainable development of quality learning materials.
f. Foster strategic alliances for OER.
g. Encourage the development and adaptation of OER in a variety of languages and cultural contexts.
h. Encourage research on OER.
i. Facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing of OER.
j. Encourage the open licensing of educational materials produced with public funds.
RECO
MM
ENDA
TIO
NS Recommends the states to:
• Equitable access to quality education [Section 6]• Adult and continuing education [Section 13]• Resource Sharing [Section 41 (2)]• Inclusive education (education for people with
disabilities and special education) [Section 32]• Develop distance learning to reach the unreached
[Section 31]• Develop ICT for education [Section 56]• Develop higher education and research network
(INHERENT) [Section 79 (5)]• Develop open educational resources [Pasal 79 (4)]
Framework of UU 12/2012INDONESIA
For Accessible Quality EducationELEMENTS
Accessible
QualityEducation
University(HEI)
Commu-nity
Private Sector
Govern-ment
OER
Technology & Infrastructure
ODL
By integrating the internal ecosystem and external forces, an open education ecosystem within campus can be generated to expedite the adoption of OER
GOVERNMENT AND REGULATION
STANDARDS AND QUALITY
TREN
D O
N E
DU
CATI
ON
VALUES AN
D EXPECTATIO
N
SUPERSTRUCTURE AND POLICIES
INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESOURCES
PEOPLE
STAKEHOLDERS COMMUNITY
LITERACY
PROCESS
EDUCATION DELIVERY
PARADIGM
CONTENT
KNOWLEDGE ASSETS AND REPOSITORY
TOOLS
APPLICATIONS SPECTRUM AND
ICT ROLES
Ecosystem for OER DevelopmentENABLING
A good number of initiatives is being introduced by education communities based on the spirit of sharing and collaborating among scholars and HEIs
PJJ Guru Dalam Jabatan OpenCourseWare OpenJournals
OpenProfessors OpenFacilities OpenConference
OpenLibrary OpenCreditTransfer OpenCreditEarning
OpenEBooks OpenLearning OpenResearch - VL
toward Open Education SystemINITIATIVES
27
Bersama untuk Maju Bersama
Together we Progress