UAB School of Education · Play is Important to Healthy Development UAB School of Education 5...
Transcript of UAB School of Education · Play is Important to Healthy Development UAB School of Education 5...
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UAB School of Education
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GEIGER, B.F., ROY, J., SIMS, S. K., & FULMORE, J.S.
S PR 2010 C ON FEREN CE OF THE A LAB AMA S TATE
A SSOCIA TION O F H E A LTH , P HYSICA L E DU CA TION , R E CRE A TION A N D D A N CE
O RA N GE B E A CH , AL
Utilizing Assessment Tools to Advocate for School Playground
and Gymnasium Safety
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Objectives for Participants
UAB School of Education - Health and Physical Education Programs
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To understand educators' responsibilities for student health and safety
To review outcomes of a preservice learning activity to assess hazards in Alabama playgrounds and gymnasiums
To complete a virtual tour of playgrounds/ gymnasiums to rate safety hazards
To review informational and funding resources provided by the National Program for Playground Safety, AAPAR, equipment vendors, and philanthropic groups
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Play is Important to Healthy Development
UAB School of Education
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Practice social, physical and relationship skills
Develops healthy interaction, role-playing, balance, coordination
Improves children's classroom attentiveness, while decreasing restlessness
Promotes academic achievement!
Teachers, school personnel, and volunteers are responsible for monitoring the children's safety
Establishes safe play behaviors
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Selma NEWS, a School-University Collaboration
Pilot program in SCSS
School-level wellness teams formed in early 2005, guided program improvements Membership includes administrators, teachers, RN, CNP staff,
parents, community representatives and students to guide program improvements
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Playground Morbidity & Mortality
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Children in low-income areas face playground hazards due to unsafe equipment and poor maintenance
No mandatory reporting requirement or single database -hard to obtain estimates of annual playground injuries
Estimated annual ER visits to treat children’s playground injuries range between 50,000 and 200,000
Approximately 45% are severe injuries including fractures, internal injuries, concussions, dislocations and amputations
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Safe to Play?
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Playground Morbidity & Mortality
UAB School of Education
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Of severe injuries, 148,000 occur on public playgrounds in schools and community parks Most often falls from
swings, climbers, slides
Less than 10% of playgrounds where injuries occurred clearly indicated appropriate ages for safe use
51,000 injuries occur on home playgrounds, most often on swings
60% percent of injuries are due to falls onto hard surfaces
An average of 15 children per year dies due to strangulation and falls onto hard surfaces or onto other equipment
The estimated cost to treat playground injuries in 2003 was $6.8 billion
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Developing the Learning Project
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Wellness teams prepared digital images of playgrounds and gymnasiums in 11 public schools
High school students and their teacher provoked team discussion about correcting safety hazards
Wellness teams requested assistance from university health education faculty and students to systematically record safety hazards for correction
Ideal opportunity to engage UAB HEPE students enrolled in 2 planning courses, and nursing students from WSCC
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Safety Assessment
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Developing the Learning Project
UAB School of Education
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HEPE faculty and students from UAB provided technical assistance
Select wellness team members
Facilitate team meetings
Present professional development programs
Conduct a needs assessment
Wellness teams elected to focus on 3 components during the 2005-06 school year: health education, physical education and other activity programs, and nutrition services
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Developing the Learning Project
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Next step was to search for a low-cost and simple tool suitable for use by secondary students, teachers and caregivers None was found after a preliminary literature review
and queries made of HEPE colleagues
Reviewed available documents about installation, use, monitoring of playground equipment, and safe use of indoor athletic facilities
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Instrument Development
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Developed two new tools for public school audiences “Assessment of an Outdoor Elementary School
Playground” - 32 dichotomous items
“Assessment of a School Gymnasium” - 29 dichotomous items
Draft tools were reviewed by wellness team members, and then sent to 8 experts Represented disciplines of physical education,
health, early childhood education, exercise physiology, and school leadership and worked in K-12 and higher education
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Instrument Development
UAB School of Education
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Each panelist independently responded to a series of questions
Which items would you change? What items should be added? What items should be deleted?
Panelists wrote an explanation of recommended changes
Collaborators added new items, revised items for clarity, and then planned pilot testing
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Maintenance is Important!
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UAB School of Education
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Maintenance is Important!
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Virtual Assessments – Your Turn
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Only equipment needed to complete an assessment is a clipboard, writing tool, measuring tape and ruler
These brief instruments are a viable option for school, park and recreation professionals to recommend improvements to school, city, and park administrators
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Future Work
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UAB student and faculty teams completed 153 assessments in 12 AL cities and 1 county Researchers will continue to establish reliability and validity One tool does not universally apply to all settings (public vs.
private, indoor vs. outdoor)
Important safety hazards were identified across playgrounds and gymnasiums Differences in resources exist across urban and rural communities
Results revealed the need to communicate construction and maintenance standards to school administrators and city leaders
Researchers recommended improvements to reduce risk of injuries
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What Can You Do?
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Become an advocate! Teach parents and students to assess local playgrounds and gymnasiums
Seek support for improvements (maintenance, new equipment, host “community build” days)
Form partnerships with local businesses/agencies
Contact local foundations – begin with your school system!
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Who Can Help?
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Project FIT America at link http://projectfitamerica.org/
KaBOOM! National nonprofit sponsored by Home Depot and partners, link http://www.kaboom.org/
Shade Foundation of America grant program at link http://www.shadefoundation.org/structures.php
Lowe's Toolbox for Education Grant Programhttp://www.toolboxforeducation.com/
Funds may be used for teacher and parent training, site preparation, purchasing equipment, and program evaluation
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Reference
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Brian F. Geiger, Jane Roy, Sandra K. Sims, Jason S. Fulmore, & Karen A. Werner. (2009, Dec.) An Applied Learning Activity for Health and Fitness Students to Advocate for School Playground and Gymnasium Safety. Californian Journal of Health Promotion , Vol. 7 (Special Issue: Obesity Prevention), 39-47.