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9 I-X-n-c-qÀ {K-m-a ]-©-m-b-¯-v- k-p-Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz-¯-n-e-p-w tk-h-\-¯-n-e-p-w a-m-X-r-I

11 I-cs\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-sS k-m-[-y-X-I-f-p-w A-\-p-tb-m-P-y-a-m-b h-n-¯-n-\-§-f-p-w A`n-emjv Icn-ap-f-bv-¡Â

18 -k-n-h-nÂ c-P-n-k-v-t{S-j³ D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-c-p-sS N-p-a-X-e-I-f-p-w D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-Xz-§-f-p-w Fkv. kp-tZ-\³

20 d-n-tb-m@2016 Pn.sI

22 -H-m-W-¯-n-\-v P-m-X-n-b-n-Ã a-X-h-p-a-n-Ã -h-«-¸-d-¼nÂ ]o-Xmw-_-c³

23 a-\ws\m-́ p t]m-Ip-¶ a-e-cp-IÄ hn.sI. {io-[-c³

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27 c|-m-w P-\-I-o-b-m-k-q-{X-W I-y-m-¼-b-n³ ]-X-n-a-q-¶-m-w ]-²-X-n P-\-I-o-b ]-²-X-n

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16 -I-S-̄ -\m-«n-se a-X-ssa-{Xn-bp-sS kp-hÀ-®ap-{Z-IÄ Sn.hn. A_vZpdlnam³Ip-«n

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www.lsgkerala.gov.insk]v-äw_À 2016 | ]‑pk‑vXI‑w 56 | e°‑w 6 | h‑m¿j‑nI hc‑nk‑wJ‑y: `120

FU‑nt‰‑md‑nb¬

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A´-naL«-¯-n-e-m-W-v..

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f-]-n-d-h-n Z-n-\-a-m-b \-h-w-_À H-¶-n-\-v

k-w-Ø-m-\-s¯ {K-m-a-{]-tZ-i-§Ä

sh-f-n-b-n-S h-n-kÀ-Ö-\ a-p-à k-w-

Ø-m-\-a-m-b-n {]-J-y-m-]-n-¡-p-I-b-p-a-m-

W-v e-£-y-w . B-b-X-n-\-v kz-Ñ-v ̀ -m-c-X-v

a-n-j-sâ k-l-m-b-t -̄m-sS tS-m-b-v-e-ä-v

C-Ã-m-¯ F-Ã-m I-p-S-p-w-_-§Ä-¡-p-w

tS-m-b-v -e-ä- v \-nÀ-½-n-¨-v \Â-I-p-¶-p.

i-p-N-n-Xz-h-p-w k-p-c-£-n-X-Xz-h-p-w kz-

I-m-c-y-X-b-p-w D-d-¸-v \Â-I-p-¶ h-n-kÀ-

Ö-\-ku-I-c-y-§Ä P-\-§Ä-¡-v

F-¯-n-¡-p-I F-¶-X-m-W-v {]-[-m-\-w.-

tS-m-b-v-e-ä-v \-nÀ-½-m-W-¯-n-\-v H-tc-m

K-p-W-t`-m-à-m-h-n-\-p-w h-o-X-w 15400

c-p-]- h-o-X-a-m-W-v-v [-\-k-l-m-b-a-m-b-n

\Â-I-p-¶-X-v. - k-¼-qÀ-® iu-N-m-

e-b ]-²-X-n e-£-y-w t\-S-p-¶-X-n-\-v

H-c-p ]-©-m-b-¯-n-se F-Ã-m h-o-S-p-

I-f-n-e-p-w, ]-©-m-b-¯-v ]-c-n-[-n-b-n-se

F-Ã-m A-w-K-³-h-m-S-n-I-f-n-e-p-w h-n-Z-y-m-

e-b-§-f-n-e-p-w tS-m-b-v-e-ä-v ku-I-c-y-w

D-d-¸-v h-c-p-¯-p-¶-p . C-X-n-\-v ]-p-d-sa

]-©-m-b-¯-n-e-p-S-\-o-f-w D-bÀ-¶ \-ne-

h-m-c-¯-n-e-p-Å i-p-N-n-Xz-w \-n-e-\-nÀ-

¯-p-I-b-p-w th-W-w. taÂ-]-d-ª

a-m-\-Z-W-v -U-§Ä ]-m-e-n-¨-p-sh-¶-v

D-d-¸-m-¡-n-b-mÂ {K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-p-

IÄ-v kz-´-w \-n-e-b-v-¡-v {]-tX-y-I

k-t½-f-\-w h-n-f-n-¨-v tNÀ-¯-v "k-¼-qÀ-® sh-f-n-b-n-S h-n-kÀ-Ö-\ h-n-a-p-à

]-©-m-b-¯-v-' F-¶ ]-Z-h-n t\-S-n-b-X-m-b-n {]-J-y-m-]-n-¡-p-¶-p.

B-e-¸-p-g P-n-Ã-b-n-se a-p-l-½ {K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-m-W-v B-Z-y sh-f-n-b-n-S

h-n-kÀ-Ö-\ a-p-à ]-©-m-b-¯-v F-¶ ]-Z-h-n t\-S-n-b-X-v.- X-p-SÀ-¶-v 192 {K-m-a-

]-©-m-b-¯-p-IÄ-¡-p-w I-q-S-n {]-k-v-X-p-X ]-Z-h-n e-`-n-¨-n-«-p|-v.55613 tS-m-b-v-e-ä-p-

IÄ \-nÀ-½-n-¨-v I-g-n-ª-p. \-h-w-_À H-t¶-m-sS Cu ]-²-X-n ]-qÀ-¯-n-b-m-I-p-w.

k-m-a-q-l-y k-p-c-£-m-s]³-j-\-p-IÄ k-l-I-c-W-_-m-¦-p-IÄ h-g-n h-o-«-n-se-¯-n-¡-p-¶-p

h-mÀ-²-I-y-I-m-e s]³-j³,-h-n-[-h s]³-j³,-h-n-I-e-m-w-K s]³-j³ ,IÀ-

j-I-sX-m-g-n-e-m-f-n s]³-j³,50 h-b-Ê-v I-g-n-ª A-h-n-h-m-l-n-X-c-m-b k-v-{X-o-IÄ-

¡-p-Å s]³-j³ F-¶-o C-\-̄ -n-e-m-b-n 37,12,703 s]³-j³ K-p-W-t -̀m-à-m-¡-

f-m-W-v \-n-e-h-n-e-p-f-f-X-v. 27,21,756 K-p-W-t`-m-à-m-¡Ä _-m-¦-v A-¡u|-v a-p-tJ-

\-b-p-w _-m-¡-n-b-p-Å-hÀ-¡-v C-e-v-I-t{S-m-W-n-¡-v a-W-n-H-m-U-d-p-w, t]-m-Ì-v H-m-̂ -o-k-v

tk-h-n-w-K-k-v A-¡u|-p-w a-p-tJ-\-b-p-a-m-W-v s]³-j³ \Â-I-n h-¶-n-c-p-¶-X-v.

F-¶-mÂ A-hÀ-¡-v t]-m-Ì-v-H-m-^-o-k-v h-g-n k-a-b _-Ô-n-X-a-m-b-n s]³-j³

e-`-n-¡-m-¯-X-v k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-v h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b ]-c-m-X-n-IÄ D-bÀ-¶-X-n-s\ X-p-

SÀ-¶-v s]³-j³ h-n-X-c-W-w X-s¶ {]-X-n-k-Ô-n-b-n-e-m-b -A-h-Ø-b-n-e-m-

b-n-c-p-¶-p. -H-m-W-¯-n-\-v a-p³-]-v I-p-S-n-È-n-J DÄ-¸-sS-b-p-Å s]³-j³

h-n-X-c-W-w sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-v \-S-]-S-n kz-o-I-c-n-¨-n-«-p|-v.- s]³-j³

h-o-«-n-se-¯-n-¡-m-\-p-Å ]-²-X-n sX-c-sª-S-p-¯-n-«-p-Å-hÀ-¡-v

k-l-I-c-W _-m-¦-p-IÄ h-g-n ]-²-X-n \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-n I-g-n-ª-p.

k-¼-qÀ-® ]-mÀ-¸-n-S-wk-¼-qÀ-® i-p-N-n-Xz-t¯-m-sS-m-¸-w k-¼-qÀ-®

]-mÀ-¸-n-S ]-²-X-n-b-p-w kÀ-¡-m-c-n-sâ {]-J-y-m-]-n-X

e-£-y-a-m-W-v.- \-n-e-h-nÂ s]-m-X-p-h-m-b H-c-p

`-h-\ ]-²-X-n-b-p-w {K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-p-I-f-n-

e-n-Ã. -B-b-X-n-\-mÂ a-p³-]-v C-S-X-p-]-£

kÀ-¡-mÀ \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-n-b C.F-w.F-k-v

-̀h-\ ]-²-X-n-¡-v k-a-m-\-a-m-b ̀ -h-\-]-²-

amWn-¡Â {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯n-se H.Un.F^v. {]-Jym]-\w a-{´n sI.Sn. P-eoÂ \nÀ-Æ-ln-¡p¶p

sk]v-äw_À 20163]©mbØv cmPv 4 7


tU-m.-]-n.-]-n-._-m-e³

U-b-d-I-v-SÀ, I-n-e

X-n \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-v kÀ-¡-m-c-n-sâ

k-P-o-h ]-c-n-K-W-\-b-n-e-m-W-v.- C-X-n-

\-m-b-n `-q-c-l-n-X-sc-b-p-w `-h-\-c-l-n-X-

sc-b-p-w I-s -|¯-p-¶-X-n-\-v kÀ-sÆ

\-S-]-S-n -IÄ k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-v N-o-^-v

sk-{I-«-d-n-b-p-sS A-²-y-£-X-b-nÂ

_-Ô-s¸-« D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-c-p-sS tb-m-

K-w 5/8/2016\-v tNÀ-¶-p.-\-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å

h-n-h-c e-`-y-X-b-p-sS ]-c-n-a-n-X-n a-q-e-w

C-X-n-\-v th|-n h-n-i-Z-a-m-b kÀ-sÆ

\-S-̄ -m³ X-o-c-p-a-m-\-n-̈ -p.- F-U-n-F-k-v

A-w-K-§Ä,-A-w-K³-h-m-S-n hÀ-¡À-a-mÀ

F-¶-n-hÀ k-w-b-p-à-a-m-b-n kÀ-sÆ

\-S-¯-p-w.- C-hÀ-¡-m-h-i-y-a-m-b ]-c-n-

i-o-e-\-w h-I-p-̧ -v X-e-̄ -nÂ \Â-I-p-w.

-kÀ-tÆ-b-p-sS G-tI-m-]-\-w {K-m-a-]-

©-m-b-¯-n-se A-k-n-Ìâ-v sk-{I-

«-d-n-a-mÀ-¡-v B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w.- I-q-S-m-sX

I-r-X-y-X D-d-¸-m-¡-m³ ]-©-m-b-¯-v

X-e-¯-n-e-p-w P-n-Ã-m X-e-¯-n-e-p-w ]-c-n-

ti-m-[-\-m k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w D|-m-I-p-w.-

h-n-[-h,-A-K-X-n,-k-v-{X-o-IÄ a-m-{X-a-p-Å

h-o-S-v, 80%Â A-[-n-I-w A-w-K-ssh-

I-e-y-a-p-Å-hÀ, K-p-c-p-X-c-a-m-b tc-m-

K-w _-m-[-n-¨-hÀ,-A-h-n-h-m-l-n-X-c-m-b

A-½-a-mÀ F-¶-n-hÀ-¡-v a-p³-K-W-\

\Â-I-p-w.

A-g-n-a-X-n c-l-n-X h-I-p-¸-v{K-m-a-]-©-m-b-̄ -p-I-f-p-sS tk-h-

\-§-f-p-w N-p-a-X-e-I-f-p-w k-w-_-Ô-n-̈

s]-m-X-p-P-\-§-f-p-sS ]-c-m-X-n ]-c-n-l-

c-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v sh-_-v A-[-n-j-vT-n-X

]-c-m-X-n ]-c-n-l-m-c k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w D-S³

\-n-e-h-nÂ h-c-p-w. "t^-mÀ Z-n ]-o-¸-nÄ-'

F-¶-v \-m-a-I-c-W-w sN-b-v-X-n-«-p-Å

Cu ]-²-X-n {]-I-m-c-w s]-m-X-p-P-\-§-

f-p-sS ]-c-m-X-n-IÄ H-m¬-sse-\-m-b-p-w

t^-m-W-n-e-q-sS-b-p-w F-k-v-F-w-F-k-v

k-tµ-i-¯-n-e --q-sS-b-p-w k-aÀ-¸-n-¡-m-

h-p-¶-X-m-W-v. {]-k-v-X-p-X ]-c-m-X-n-IÄ

k-a-b-_-Ô-n-X-a-m-b-n ]-c-n-ti-m-[-n-¨-v

X-oÀ-¸-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v k-w-Ø-m-\-X-

e-¯-n-e-p-w P-n-Ã-m X-e-¯-n-e-p-w s]

À-t^-m-a³-k-v B-U-n-ä-v b-q-W-n-ä-v X-e-

¯-n-e-p-w {]-tX-y-I skÂ c-q-]-o-I-c-n-

¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

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]-{´|-m-w ]-©-h-Õ-c ]-²-

X-n Cu k-m-¼-¯-n-I hÀ-j-t¯-m-sS

A-h-k-m-\-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-mÂ ]-p-X-n-b

kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v I-m-c-y-a-m-b C-S-s]-S-

e-p-IÄ-¡-v A-h-k-c-w e-`-n-¨-n-«-n-Ã.

\-n-e-h-nÂ ]-²-X-n c-q-]-o-I-c-W-̄ -nÂ

P-\-§-f-p-sS C-S-s]-SÂ I-p-d-h-m-W-v.

]-X-n-a-q-¶-m-w ]-©-h-Õ-c ]-²-X-n-

b-n-e-q-sS \-m-S-n-\-p-w \-m-«-p-I-mÀ-¡-p-w

]-¦-m-f-n-¯-a-p-Å B-k-q-{X-W-h-p-w

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I-a-m-b B-h-i-y-§-f-p-sS

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I-o-b k-l-I-c-W-h-p-w ]-p-\-Ø-m-]-n-¡-p-

I-b-m-W-v e-£-y-w. kz-m-{i-b-̄ -n-e-[-n-

j-vT-n-X-a-m-b h-n-I-k-\ {]-{I-n-b-b-n-e-q-sS

P-\-I-o-b ]-¦-m-f-n-̄ -w D-d-̧ -v h-c-p-̄ -p-

¶-X-n-\-v a-p-J-y ]-¦-v h-l-n-t¡|-X-v

{K-m-a-]-©-m-b-̄ -p-I-f-m-W-v. 1996þ2001

Im-e-L-«-̄ nÂ X-p-S-§-n h-̈ P-\-I-o-

b-m-k-q-{X-W ]-²-X-n h-g-n ]-¦-m-f-n-̄

h-n-I-k-\ k-¦Â-̧ -̄ -n-sâ {]-m-tb-m-

K-n-I a-m-X-r-I-IÄ B-tK-m-f {i-²

t\-S-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p. C-S-¡-m-e-̄ -v a-§-te-ä

Cu ]-²-X-n c|-m-w P-\-I-o-b-m-k-q-

{X-W-w F-¶ t]-c-nÂ i-m-à-o-I-c-n-

¡-p-w.\-oÀ-̄ -S k-w-c-£-W-w,a-m-e-n-\-y

k-w-k-v-I-c-W-w, ssP-h-]-̈ -¡-d-n-I-r-j-n

F-¶-n-h-b-v-¡-v {]-m-[-m-\-y-w \Â-I-n P-\-

I-o-b-m-k-q-{X-W-s¯ sX-m-g-n-e-p-d-¸-v

]-²-X-n-b-p-a-m-b-p-w I-p-S-p-w-_-{i-o {]-hÀ-

¯\-§-f-p-a-m-b-p-w k-w-tb-m-P-n-¸-n-¨-v

\-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-p-w.

s]³-j³ t\-cn-«v \Â-Ip-¶ ]²-Xn a-{´n F.kn. sam-bv-Xo³ hn-f-¸nÂ {Km-a-]-©m-b-¯nÂ DÂ-Lm-S-\w sN-¿p¶p



-®-qÀ P-n-Ã-b-n-se I-X-n-c-qÀ {K-m-a ]-©-m-b-̄ -v h-n-I-k-\ c-w-K-̄ -v h-n-k-v-a-b-

I-c-a-m-b a-p-t¶-ä-w k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. I-X-n-c-qÀ {K-m-a ]-©-m-b-̄ -v \-S-̧ -n-

e-m-¡-n-b \-n-c-h-[-n ]-²-X-n-IÄ C-¶-v k-w-Ø-m-\ X-e-̄ -n-e-p-w, tZ-i-o-b-X-e-

-̄e-p-w {i-²-b-m-IÀ-j-n-̈ -n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

a-n-\-n-k-v-{S-n H-m-̂ -v d-q-dÂ sU-h-e-v-̧ -saâ-v K-h¬-saâ-v H-m-̂ -v C-́ -y k³-k-

Z-v B-ZÀ-i-v tb-m-P-\ a-[-y-{]-tZ-i-n-se t -̀m-̧ -m-e-nÂ \-S-̄ -n-b \-m-j-WÂ hÀ-¡-v

tj-m-̧ -nÂ ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-sâ k-p-Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n c-m-P-y-s¯ ta-m-UÂ

B-b-n sX-c-sª-S-p-̄ -n-c-p-¶-p. F-¶-p-w ]-p-X-p-a-I-sf {]-W-b-n-̈ \-m-S-m-W-v I-X-n-c-qÀ

. k-m-{a-m-P-Xz h-n-c-p-² t]-m-c-m-«-̄ -n-e-p-w, k-m-l-n-X-y-̄ -n-e-p-w , N-n-{X-sa-g-p-̄ -n-e-p-w ,

B-tb-m-[-\ I-e-b-n-e-p-w A-S-b-m-f-s -̧S-p-̄ -n-b tZ-i-w, I-X-n-c-qÀ K-p-c-p-¡-f-p-sS I-f-c-n

]-m-c-¼-c-y-w C-¶-p-w \-m-S-v sI-S-m-sX k-q-£-n-¡-p-¶-p. h-o-«-½-a-m-c-p-sS N-n-{X ]-c-n-i-o-e-

\-h-p-w, k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS I-f-c-n ]-c-n-i-o-e-\-h-p-w C-h-n-sS \-S-¶-v h-c-p-¶-p. tI-c-f-̄ -n-se

B-Z-y-s¯ {K-m-a-o-W BÀ-«-v K-m-e-d-n C-h-n-sS {]-hÀ-̄ -n-¡-p-¶-p. Z-oÀ-L-h-o-£-W-

t -̄m-sS ̀ -m-h-\-]-c-a-m-b-n ]-²-X-n-IÄ B-h-n-j-v-I-c-n-¡-s -̧«-mÂ H-c-p \-m-S-v F-§-s\

t\-«-̄ -n-sâ s\-d-p-I-b-nÂ F-̄ -n-s -̧S-p-I F-¶-v I-m-«-n-̄ -c-p-I-b-m-W-v I-X-n-c-qÀ.

P-\-I-o-b ]-¦-m-f-n-̄ -t -̄m-sS \-S-̄ -n-b h-n-I-k-\-þ-t£-a {]-hÀ-̄ -\-§-f-m-W-v

I-X-n-c-q-c-n-s\ k-w-Ø-m-\-s¯ a-n-I-̈ ]-©-m-b-̄ -p-I-f-nÂ H-¶-m-¡-n a-m-ä-n-b-X-v.

k-p-Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n, t¥-m-_Â {K-m-a k-̀ , t{_-h-v ]-²-X-n, l-c-n-X

K-r-l-w, N-p-aÀ-N-n-{X {K-m-a-w, X-m-§-p-w X-W-e-p-w, I-p-c-p-a-p-f-I-v {K-m-a-w X-p-S-§-n ]-©-m-b-

-̄nÂ \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-p-¶ ]-²-X-n-I-sf-Ã-m-w H-¶-n-s\-m-¶-p h-y-X-y-k-v-X-§-f-m-W-v.

\-o-́ Â ]-c-n-i-o-e-\-̄ -n-\-m-b-n P-e t{k-m-X-Ê-p-IÄ i-p-N-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I, ]-IÀ-̈

h-y-m-[-n-IÄ X-S-bÂ , ]-c-n-k-c i-p-N-n-Xz-w D-d-̧ -v h-c-p-̄ Â X-p-S-§-n ]-©-m-b-̄ -v

\-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-n-b ]-²-X-n-I-f-n-se-Ã-m-w P-\-§-f-p-sS h-e-n-b-tX-m-X-n-e-p-Å ]-n-́ -p-W-b-p-w

k-l-m-b-h-p-w D|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

k-p-Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n60 h-o-S-p-IÄ-¡-v H-c-p t_-m-I-v-k-v F-¶ tX-m-X-nÂ ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-e-p-S-\-o-f-w

Ø-m-]-n-̈ -v I-p-S-p-w-_-{i-o-b-p-sS k-l-I-c-W-t -̄m-sS h-r-̄ -n-b-m-¡-n-b ¹-m-Ì-n-¡-p-IÄ

ti-J-c-n-̈ -v d-o ssk-I-v-f-n-w-K-v sN-¿-p-¶ k-p-Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n-sb ]-ä-n ]T-n-¡-m³

h-n-h-n-[ P-n-Ã-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-m-b-n F-{X-

tb-m t]À Z-n-h-tk-\ ]-©-m-b-̄ -nÂ

F-̄ -n-s¡-m|-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. I-X-n-

c-qÀ ]-©--m-b-̄ -v P-\-]-¦-m-f-n-̄ -t -̄m-

sS \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-n h-c-p-¶ k-p-Ø-n-c i-p-

N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n C-¶-v k-w-Ø-m-\-̄ -n-\-v

X-s¶ a-m-X-r-I-b-m-W-v.- i-p-N-n-Xz ta-J-e-

b-n-se I-X-n-c-qÀ ta-m-UÂ C-¶-v tZ-i-o-b-

{i-²-b-m-IÀ-j-n-̈ -p I-g-n-ª-p.- s]-m-X-p

h-n-I-k-\-̄ -n-s\-m-̧ -w i-p-N-n-Xz-̄ -n-\-p-w

]-©-m-b-̄ -v Du-¶Â \Â-I-p-¶-p.

s]-m-X-p P-\-§-f-nÂ A-h-t_-m-

[-a-p|-m-¡-p-I-sb-¶-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p k-p-

Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n-b-p-sS B-Z-y

L-«-w.- i-p-N-n-Xz-̄ -n-sâ {]-m-[-m-\-y-s -̄

¡-p-d-n-̈ -p-Å \-n-c-́ -c t_-m-[-hÂ-I-

c-W ¢-m-k-n-e-q-sS s]-m-X-p-P-\-§-f-p-w

]-IÀ-̈ -h-y-m-[-n-sb {]-X-n-tc-m-[-n-¡-m³

]-©-m-b-̄ -n-s\-m-̧ -w \-n-¶-p.- I-p-S-p-w-_-

{i-o {]-hÀ-¯-I-sc A-W-n-\-n-c-¯-n

]-©-m-b-̄ -n-se ¹-m-Ì-v-n-¡-p-IÄ ti-J-

c-n-̈ -v d-o-ssk-¢-n-w-K-v sN-b-v-X-v D-]-I-m-c-{]-

Z-a-m-¡-n-b c-o-X-n-b-m-W-v ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-s\

{i-t²-b-a-m-¡-n-b-X-v. -]-©-m-b-̄ -v a-p³-

ssI-sb-S-p-̄ -v C-X-n-\-m-b-n A-d-p-¶qdn

Â-]-c-w t_-m-[-hÂ-I-c-W tb-m-K-§Ä

k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¨-p.- a-p-g-p-h³ t]-sc-b-p-w

]-¦-m-f-n-I-f-m-¡-n-s¡-m|-v I-½-n-ä-n-IÄ

c-q-]-o-I-c-n-̈ -tX-m-sS {]-hÀ-̄ -\-w DuÀ-

I‑X‑n‑c‑qÀ {K‑m‑a ]‑©‑m‑b‑¯‑v‑k‑p‑Ø‑n‑c i‑p‑N‑n‑Xz‑̄ ‑n‑e‑p‑w tk‑h‑\‑̄ ‑n‑e‑p‑w a‑m‑X‑r‑I

sk]v-äw_À 20163]©mbØv cmPv 4 9

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Fw. jo-_, {]-kn-Uâ v


Ö-kz-e-a-m-b-n. -]-©-m-b-̄ -v X-e-̄ -nÂ

51t]-c-p-Å I-½-n-ä-n,-h-mÀ-U-v X-e-̄ -nÂ

13 t]-c-p-Å I-½-n-ä-n, 50 h-o-S-p-IÄ-¡-v

G-g-p t]-c-p-Å I-½-n-ä-n F-¶-o \-n-e-

I-f-nÂ I-½-n-ä-n-IÄ c-q-]-o-I-c-n-̈ -v k-p-

Ø-n-c i-p-N-n-Xz ]-²-X-n {]-I-m-c-a-p-Å

k-a-{K B-tc-m-K-y ]-c-n-]-m-e-\ ]-²-X-n

B-c-w-̀ -n-̈ -X-v.-]-©-m-b-̄ -n-se 57 A-¦-

W-h-m-S-n-I-f-n-e-p-w 23 h-n-Z-y-m-e-b-§-f-n-e-p-w

{]-tX-y-I-a-m-b-n I-½-n-ä-n-I-f-p|-m-¡-n

{]-hÀ-̄ -\-w h-n-]-p-e-o-I-c-n-̈ -p. 18 h-mÀ-

U-p-I-f-n-e-m-b-n \-q-d-n-e-[-n-I-w i-p-N-n-Xz

t_-m-I-v-k-p-IÄ Ø-m-]-n-̈ -p.- I-p-S-p-w-_-

{i-o,- kz-b-w-k-l-m-b k-w-L-w F-¶-n-

h-b-p-sS taÂ-t\-m-«-¯-nÂ {]-X-n-a-m-

k-w 400 I-n-te-m {K-m-w i-p-N-n-b-m-¡-n-b

¹-m-Ì-v-n-¡-v I-y-m-c-n-_-y-m-K-p-IÄ ti-J-c-n-̈ -v

d-o-ssk-¡-nÄ sN-b-v-X-p-h-c-p-¶-p|-v. Cu

hÀ-j-s¯ ]-²-X-n-I-f-nÂ 500 t]

À-¡-p ss]-̧ -v I-t_-m-Ì-v \Â-I-m-\-m-W-v

]-©-m-b-̄ -v X-o-c-p-a-m-\-w. \-n-c-h-[-n ]-p-c-

k-v-I-m-c-§Ä e-̀ -n-̈ ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-sâ

h-n-I-k-\ t£-a {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf

A-̀ -n-\-µ-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-sâ I-m-c-W-§Ä-a-

sä-m-¶-p-a-Ã.h-n-tI-{µ-o-I-r-X-m-k-q-{X-W-

¯-n-sâ-b-p-w,P-\-I-o-b-m-k-q-{X-W-¯-n-

sâ-b-p-w AÀ-°-]-qÀ-®-a-m-b B-h-n-j-v-

I-m-c-a-m-W-v I-X-n-c-q-c-nÂ \-S-¶-n-«-p-Å-X-v.

k-m-a-q-l-y-a-m-b-n ]-n-t¶-m-¡-w \-nÂ-¡-p-

¶-h-sc D-bÀ-̄ -n-sI-m|-p-h-c-n-I-sb-¶

A-S-n-Ø-m-\ I-m-g-v-N-̧ -m-S-nÂ \-n-¶-m-W-v

H-m-tc-m ]-²-X-n-b-p-w B-h-n-j-v-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-

X-p-w, \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-p-w. I-p-S-n-sh-Å

{]-i-v-\-̄ -n-\-v i-m-iz-X ]-c-n-l-m-c-w t\-

S-m³ P-e-\-n-[-n ]-²-X-n-b-p-w h-m-b-p a-e-n-

\-o-I-c-W-a-n-Ã-m-¯ {]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶

a-e-_-m-d-n-se B-Z-y-s¯ K-y-m-k-v i-v-a-

i-m-\-h-p-w I-X-n-c-q-c-n-e-m-W-v {]-hÀ-̄ -n-

¡-p-¶-X-v.

]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n ku-l-r-Z-a-m-b h-n-

I-k-\ ]-c-n-]-m-S-n-I-f-m-W-v ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-

se H-m-tc-m ]-²-X-n-b-n-e-p-w ZÀ-i-n-¡-m³

B-h-p-I .B-tK-m-f X-m-]-\-¯-n-\-v

_-Z-e-m-b-n l-c-n-X K-r-l-w F-¶ ]-²-

X-n k-m-[-m-c-W H-c-p ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-sâ

-̀c-W k-a-n-X-n-b-p-sS N-n-́ -b-nÂ \-n-¶-p

c-q-]-s]-S-p-t¼-mÄ D-Å a-l-Xz-w F-{X-

tb-m h-e-p-X-m-W-v.H-c-p c-q-] sN-e-h-n-S-m-

sX th-d-n-s«-m-c-p ]-²-X-n C-X-n-e-q-sS

\-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-p-¶-p. h-m-b-p-a-e-n-\-o-I-c-W-

a-n-Ã-m-̄ ]-©-m-b-̄ -v F-¶ kz-]-v-\-w

2017Â b-m-Y-mÀ-°-y-a-m-¡-p-I F-¶

e-£-y-t¯-m-sS tk-m-j-yÂ t^-m-

d-k-v-{S-n-b-p-sS k-l-I-c-W-t¯-m-sS

H-c-p e-£-t¯-m-f-w h-r-£-ssX-IÄ

sh-¨-p-]-n-S-n-¸-n-¡-m-\-p-f-f {]-hÀ-¯-\-

§-f-p-w \-S-¶-p h-c-n-I-b-m-W-v. -k-v-I-q-f-p-

IÄ,-s]-m-X-p-Ø-m-]-\-§Ä,-s]-m-X-p-h-

g-n-IÄ,h-o-S-p-IÄ,-F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-e-m-

b-n \-mÂ-]-X-n-\-m-b-n-c-w h-r-£-ssX-

IÄ C-X-n-\-I-w sh-¨-v ]-n-S-n-¸-n-¨-p.

F-Ã-m h-o-«-p a-p-ä-¯-p-w \-m-«-v a-m-h-n-sâ

\³-a-b-p-w sI-m-¶-¸-q-h-n-sâ k-q-K-Ô-

h-p-w ]-c-¯-p-¶-p.

tk-h-\-̄ -n-e-p-w K-p-W-ta³-a-m-a-p-{Zh-n-I-k-\-c--w-K-¯-p- a-m-{X-a-m-b-n

H-X-p-§-p-¶-n-Ã I-X-n-c-q-c-n-sâ th-d-n-«

B-i-b-§Ä . ]-©-m-b-̄ -v \Â-I-p-¶

tk-h-\-§Ä P-\-tI-{µ-o-I-r-X-h-p-w

K-p-W-ta³-a-b-p-Å-X-p-a-m-W-v.- Cu- K-p-W-

ta³-a-b-v-¡-p-Å A-w-K-o-I-m-c-a-m-b-m-W-v-v

]-©-m-b-̄ -n-\-v sF.F-k.-v-H.-kÀ-«-n-̂ -n-

¡-ä-p-w H-c-p e-£-w c-q-] k-½-m-\-h-p-w

e-̀ -n-̈ -X-v. Iz-m-f-n-ä-n I¬-t{S-mÄ H-m-̂ -v

C-́ -y-b-p-sS A-w-K-o-I-m-c-a-p-Å e-o-U-v

H-m-U-n-äÀ-a-m-c-p-sS ]-c-n-ti-m-[-\-b-p-sS-

b-p-w \-nÀ-t±-i-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w A-S-n-Ø-m-

\-¯-nÂ B-h-i-y-a-m-b H-m-^-o-k-v

\-h-o-I-c-W-§Ä \-S-̄ -n- sI-m|-p-w

{]-tX-y-I d-n-¡-mÀ-U-n-w-K-v d-q-w k-w-h-n-[-m-

\-a-p|-m-¡-n-b-p-w tk-h-\-§Ä sa-̈ -s -̧

S-p-̄ -n-b-p-a-m-W-v ]-©-m-b-̄ -v Cu t\-«-w

ssI-h-c-n-̈ -X-v. tS-m-«Â Iz-m-f-n-ä-n a-m-t\-

P-v-saâ-v F-¶ k-¦Â-̧ -a-m-W-v C-X-n-e-q-

sS {]-m-hÀ-̄ -n-I-a-m-h-p-¶-X-v.- I-X-n-c-qÀ

]-©-m-b-̄ -v ]-c-n-[-n-b-n-e-p-Å ]u-c³-

a-mÀ-¡-v A-S-n-Ø-m-\ ku-I-c-y-§Ä-

s¡-m-̧ -w a-n-I-̈ tk-h-\-§Ä k-a-b-

_-Ô-n-X-a-m-b-n \Â-I-m³ ]-©-m-b-̄ -v

k-Z-m k-¶-²-a-m-W-v,-

k-¼-qÀ-® \-o-´Â {K-m-a-a-m-b-n I-X-n-c-qÀ

]-©-m-b-̄ -n-sâ a-m-X-r-I-m {]-hÀ-

¯-\-§Ä-¡-v s]-m³-X-q-hÂ N-mÀ-

¯-p-¶ ]-²-X-n-b-m-W-v k-¼-qÀ-®

\-o-́ Â {K-m-a-w ]-²-X-n. {K-m-a-]-©-m-

b-̄ -n-se tX-m-S-p-I-f-p-w ]-p-g-I-f-p-w a-m-

e-n-\-y-a-p-à-a-m-¡-n X-®-oÀ-X-S-§-sf

sX-f-n-\-oÀ-X-S-§-f-m-¡-n a-m-ä-p-I-b-m-b-n-

c-p-¶-p B-Z-y e-£-y-w.- ]-©-m-b-̄ -n-

se a-q-¶-v I-p-f-§Ä h-n-Z-y-mÀ-°-n-I-f-p-w

c-£-n-X-m-¡-f-p-w k-m-a-p-l-y-{]-hÀ-̄ -I-

c-p-w tNÀ-¶-v i-p-N-o-I-c-n-̈ -v \-o-́ Â ]-c-n-

i-o-e-\ tI-{µ-§-f-m-¡-n a-m-ä-n. -a-p-g-p-h³

h-mÀ-U-p-I-f-n-e-p-w 2011 a-p-XÂ \-o-́ Â

]-c-o-i-o-e-\-w B-c-w-̀ -n-̈ -p. -]-c-n-i-o-e-\-w

]-qÀ-̄ -n-b-m-¡-n-b c|-m-b-n-c-w h-n-Z-y-mÀ-

°-n-IÄ-¡-v kÀ-«-n-̂ -n-¡-ä-p-IÄ h-n-X-

c-W-w sN-b-v-X-p. h-n-a-p-à -̀S³-a-mÀ,

A-Iz-m-«-n-I-v ¢-_-v,- I-p-S-p-w-_-{i-o,- kz-b-w

k-l-m-b k-w-L-w {]-tZ-i-s¯ k-m-

a-q-l-n-I {]-hÀ-̄ -IÀ F-¶-n-h-c-p-sS

k-l-I-c-W-t -̄m-sS-b-m-W-v ]-c-n-i-o-e-\

]-c-n-]-m-S-n \-S-¡-p-¶-X-v

h-n-I-k-\-̄ -n-sâ ]-p-X-n-sb-m-c-p

k-w-k-v-I-m-c-a-m-W-v I-X-n-c-qÀ \-m-S-n-\-v a-p-

¶-nÂ A-h-X-c-n-̧ -n-¡-p-¶-X-v. ]-©-m-b-

-̄v ̀ -c-W k-a-n-X-n-¡-p-w \-m-S-n-\-p-sa-m-̧ -w

Cu ]-²-X-n-IÄ-s¡-m-̧ -w \-n-¶ D-tZ-y-m-

K-Ø-c-p-w A-̀ -n-\-µ-\-aÀ-l-n-¡-p-¶-p.



I-c s\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-v I-q-S-p-XÂ

Du-¶Â \Â-I-m³ K-h¬-saâ-v X-o-

c-p-a-m-\-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.- A-X-p-sI-m-|-v

X-s¶ I-c s\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-sS hÀ-̄ -

a-m-\-I-m-e-k-m-[-y-X-I-f-p-w A-\-p-tb-m-

P-y-a-m-b h-n-¯-n-\-§-f-p-w NÀ-¨ sN-

t¿-|-X-p-|-v.- h-n-j-]-̈ -¡-d-n-I-sf-̧ -ä-n

]-d-b-p-t¼-mÄ h-n-j- A-c-n-sb-¸-ä-n

\-m-w A-d-n-b-m-sX t]-m-I-p-¶-p.- \-q-d-nÂ-

¸-c-w Z-n-h-k-w a-m-{X-w B-b-p-Ê-p-Å

s\Â-sN-S-n-b-nÂ a-m-k-¯-nÂ c-|-v

X-h-W h-o-X-w a-m-c-I I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n-

IÄ {]-tb-m-K-n-¨-v D-Â]-m-Z-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶

s\-Ã-v A-c-n-b-m-¡-p-¼-mÄ A-c-n tI-

S-m-I-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m³ h-o-|-p-w I-o-S-\-m-i-n-

\-n {]-tb-m-K-n-¨-p-w D-|-m-¡-n-b h-n-j

A-c-n-b-m-W-v \-m-w I-g-n-¨-p-v sI-m-|-n-

c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. k-p-c-£-n-X `-£-W-w

I-n-«-m³ k-p-c-£-n-X I-r-j-n X-s¶

th-W-w . A-X-n-\-m-b-n \-½-p-sS sX-m-

S-n-b-nÂ X-s¶ I-c s\-Ã-v I-r-j-n sN-

b-v-X-p A-h-\-h-\-q-th-| A-c-n I-q-S-n

D-Â]-m-Z-n-̧ -n-¡-p-I F-¶ e-£-y-a-m-W-v

K-h¬-saâ-v h-n-`-m-h-\-w sN-¿-p-¶-X-v.

a-o-\-w 27\-p-w ]-¯-m-a-p-Z-b-¯-n-

\-p-a-n-S-b-v-¡-v \-p-I-w h-¨-v N-m-e-p I-o-

d-n- \-p-c-n-h-¨-v s\Â-h-n-¯-n-S-p-I-b-p-w

IÀ-¡-n-S-I-w H-S-p-h-nÂ N-n-§-w B-Z-y-w

sI-m-b-v-X-v sa-X-n-̈ -v B s\-Ã-v-]-p-g-p-§-n

D-W-¡-n D-c-e-nÂ I-p-̄ -n A-c-n-b-m-¡-n

]-p-s¶-Ã-v sI-m-|-v H-m-W-a-p-|-n-c-p-¶

H-c-p `-q-X-I-m-e-w a-e-b-m-f-n-¡-p-|-m-b-n-

c-p-¶-p . Cu s\Â-I-r-j-n-b-v-¡-v th-|

I-r-j-n-Ø-e-w ]-p-c-b-n-S-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.-

sX-§-n³ X-S-̄ -n-e-p-w sX-§-n-\-n-S-b-n-

e-p-w sh-d-p-w ]-d-¼-n-e-p-w sN-b-v-X-n-c-p-¶

s\Â-I-r-j-n-sb-b-m-W-v I-c s\Â

I-r-j-n-sb-¶-v ]-d-ª-n-c-p-¶-X-v . a-n-¡-

h-m-d-p-w tI-c-f-¯-nÂ F-Ã-m-b-n-S-¯-p-w

h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b-n X-s¶ I-c-s\Â I-r-

j-n sN-b-v-X-n-c-p-¶-p.- F-¦-n-e-p-w Ø-n-

c-a-m-b-n a-o-\-w 27\-p-w ]-¯-m-a-p-Z-b-

¯-n-\-p-a-n-S-b-v-¡-p-Å I-c s\Â-I-r-j-n

X-p-SÀ-¨-b-m-b-n sN-b-v-X-p-t]-m-I-p-¶

H-c-p `-q-h-n-`-m-K-a-p-|-v tI-c-f-¯-nÂ.

H-m-W-a-q-«-p-w I-c F-¶-d--n-b-s¸-S-p-¶

H-m-W-m-«-p-I-c-b-nÂ C-t¸-m-g-p-w I-c-

s\Â-I-r-j-n k-P-o-h-a-m-W-v. a-g-sb

I-cs\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-sS k-m-[-y-X-I-f-p-w A-\-p-tb-m-P-y-a-m-b

h-n-¯-n-\-§-f-p-wA`n-emjv Icn-ap-f-bv¡Â



a-m-{X-w B-{i-b-n-¨-n-c-p-¶ I-c s\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-v B-c-w-`-w I-p-d-n-¡-p-¶ X-o-¿-X-n

I-r-X-y-a-m-W-v.- E-X-p-¡-f-p-sS ]-p-j-v-¡-c-I-m-e-a-m-W-X-v.- s\-Ã-n-\-v th-| k-a-b-

¯-v th-|-p-th-m-f-w sh-Å-w {]-I-r-X-n I-\-n-ª-\-p-{K-l-n-¡-p-¶ I-m-e-a-m-W-X-v.

a-o-\-¯-n-se th-\Â a-g-b-nÂ a-p-f-¨-p s]-m-´-n ta-S-¨-p-S-nÂ sh-´-p-c-p-I-m-sX

C-S-h-]-m-X-n a-g-b-nÂ I-p-f-n-¨-v I-X-n-c-n-«-v a-n-Y-p-\-¯-nÂ I-X-nÀ I-\-¯-v a-p-g-p-¯-v

kzÀ-®-hÀ-®-a-m-b-n IÀ-¡-n-S-I a-g-b-v-¡-v a-p-t¼ sI-m-b-v-sX-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v H-m-

W-m-«-p-I-c-b-n-se I-c-s\Â-I-r-j-n-I-m-e-w . I-c-s\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-v {]-tX-y-I-a-m-b

h-n-̄ -n-\-§Ä I-s|-̄ -n-b-n-c-p-¶-p ]-g-a-¡-mÀ. a-n-¡ C-\-§-f-p-w ]-s£ A-\-y-w

\-n-¶-p t]-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.- h-n-¯-p-I-m-¯ a-p-¯-È-\-p-w ,]-¯-m-b-h-p-w H-mÀ-½

N-n-{X-§-f-m-b-n. ]-m-d ]-n-fÀ-¸³, sI-m-¨-v h-n-¯-v,- ]-S-e sh-Å,- B-d-m-w sh-

Å,- sN-s¶-Ã-v,- I-«-ta-m-S³,- I-d-p-¯ ta-m-S-w,- R-h-c F-¶--n-§-s\ t]-m-I-p-¶-p

A-h-b-p-sS t]-c-p-IÄ. I-c-s\-Ã-n-\-§Ä-¡-v G-sd k-h-n-ti-j-X-I-f-p-|-v. A-h

s]-«-¶-v h-fÀ-¶-v-s]-m-§-p-w.- a-®-n-se I-f-I-sf A-X-n-P-o-h-n-¡-p-h-m³ Xz-c-n-X

h-fÀ-¨ A-X-y-m-h-i-y-w X-s¶.- h-cÄ-¨-b-nÂ X-fÀ-¶-p t]-m-I-c-p-X-v. - a-g-sb

a-m-{X-w B-{i-b-n-¨-m-W-v I-c s\-Ã-v h-f-c-p-¶-X-v.- a-ª-p-w a-g-b-p-w a-m-{X-a-m-W-v

I-c s\-Ã-n-\-v B-{i-b-a-m-b-n-«-p-Å-X-v. a-q-¸-v I-p-d-h-p-Å-X-m-W-v a-n-¡ I-c-s\-Ã-n-

\-§-f-p-w.- R-h-c-b-m-W-v A-X-nÂ G-ä-h-p-w a-q-¸-v I-p-d-h-p-Å-X-v.- ]-c-a-m-h-[-n 110

Z-n-h-k-¯-n-\-p-Å-nÂ sI-m-b-v-sX-S-p-¡-m³ I-g-n-b-W-w.- tc-m-K I-o-S _-m-[-I-sf

sN-d-p-¡-m-\-p-Å ti-j-n-b-p-w th-W-w.-C-sX-m-s¡-b-p-Å h-n-¯-p-I-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p

\-a-p-¡-p-|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v. -\-Ã s]-m-¡-a-p-Å-X-n-\-mÂ I-¶-p-I-m-e-n-IÄ-¡-v ssh-t¡

-m-e-p-w [-m-c-m-f-a-m-b-n I-n-«-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p.-

C-sX-m-s¡ \-½-p-sS K-X-I-m-e k-v-a-r-X-n-b-p-sS I-Y . H-tc-m I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-

\-p-w th-| `-£-W-h-k-v-X-p-¡-sf N-p-ä-p-h-«-¯-nÂ D-|-m-¡-n-b-n-c-p-¶ H-c-p \-Ã

I-m-e-w \-a-p-¡-p-|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.- h-b-e-n-e-p-w ]-d-¼-n-e-p-w s\Â-I-r-j-n sN-b-v-X-p-w

]-d-¼-nÂ C-S-h-n-f-I-f-p-w , ^-e-h-r-£-§-f-p-w, -h-m-g-b-p-w,- ]-¨-I-d-n-I-f-p-w- I-r-j-n

sN-b-v-X-p-w A-sX-m-s¡ B-l-m-c-a-m-¡-n-b-n-c-p-¶ `-q-X-I-m-e-w A-{X ]-g-b-sX-m-

¶-p-a-Ã. a-e-b-m-f-n-¡-p I-r-j-n-¡-v ]-n³-X-p-SÀ-¨ \Â-I-m-sX ]-p-¯³ sX-m-g-nÂ

ta-J-e-I-f-n-te-¡-v \-½Ä tN-t¡-d-n.- \-½-p-sS h-b-e-p-I-f-p-w ]-d-¼-p-I-f-p-w X-c-n-

i-m-¡-n.- h-c-p-a-m-\-ta-d-n-b-t -̧mÄ ]-p-̄ ³ B-l-m-c i-o-e-§-f-n-te-¡-p-w,-A-X-n-sâ

[-m-c-m-f-n-̄ -̄ -n-te-¡-p-w a-e-b-m-f-n \-S-¶-v I-b-d-n.- I-m-i-v sI-m-S-p-̄ -mÂ I-n-«-m-̄ -

sX-m-¶-p-a-n-Ã F-¶ A-l-´ ]-t£ X-o-c-m-h-y-m-[-n-I-f-p-sS c-q-]-¯-nÂ X-n-c-n-ª-v

sI-m-̄ -m³ X-p-S-§-n-b-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.- I-m-i-v sI-m-S-p-̄ -p h-m-§-n-b ̀ -£-W-sa-m-s¡

H-«-p-w k-p-c-£-n-X-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-n-sÃ-¶-v C-t¸-mÄ X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-ª-p X-p-S-§-n-b-n-«-p-|-v.-

a-m-c-I-a-m-b c-m-k-h-k-v-X-p-¡Ä {]-tb-m-K-n-¨-m-W-v a-d-p-\-m-«-p-I-mÀ \-a-p-¡-m-b-n

A-c-n-b-p-w,-]-¨-¡-d-n-I-f-p-w,-]-m-e-p-w,-a-p-«-b-p-w,-C-d-¨-n-b-p-w,-]-e-h-y-R-v-P-\-§-f-p-w,-]-b-

d-p-w,-X-p-h-c-]-c-n-¸-p-w H-s¡ D-|-m-¡-p-

¶-sX-¶-v a-m-[-y-a-§Ä \-s½- A-d-n-

b-n -¨- v sI-m-|-n-c-n -¡-p-¶-p. e-£-w

c-q-] sN-e-h-n-«-mÂ t]-m-e-p-w a-m-d-m-¯

X-o-c-m-h-y-m-[-n-I-f-m-W-v ]-p-X-n-b B-l-m-

c-i-o-e-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w \-a-p-¡-v I-n-«-n

sI-m-|-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.- {]-ta-l-h-p-w,- l-r-

Z-v tc-m-K-h-p-w,- c-à-k-aÀ-±-h-p-w,- sI-m-

f-k-v-t{S-m-f-p-w C-Ã-m-¯- a-e-b-m-f-n-IÄ

N-p-c-p-¡-w.- ]-p-X-p-X-m-b-n I-y-m³-kÀ

]-n-S-n-s -̧S-p-¶-h-c-p-sS F-®-w {]-X-n-hÀ-

j-w 35000 I-S-¶-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.

A-X-v sI-m-|-v X-s¶ tI-c-f-̄ -n-

se G-ä-h-p-w e-m-`-I-c-a-m-b _-n-Ê-n-\-

Ê-v B-i-p-]-{X-n X-p-S-§-p-I-tb-m,-a-c-p-

¶-v-I-S C-S-p-¶-tX-m B-b-n a-m-d-n-b-n-

c-n-¡-p-¶-p.-te-m-I-¯-n-e-p-f-f G-ä-h-p-w

h-e-n-b _-l-q-c-m-j-v-{S-I-p-̄ -I a-c-p-¶-v

I-¼-\-n-I-f-p-sS ]-d-p-Z-o-k-b-m-b-n tI-

c-f-w h-fÀ-¶-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. F-Ã-m-h-c-p-w

]-̈ -¡-d-n-I-f-n-e-m-W-v h-n-j-w F-¶-m-W-v

[-c-n-¨-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.- h-m-k-v-X-h-¯-nÂ

h-n-]-W-n-b-nÂ I-n-«-p-¶ a-n-¡ `-£-y

h-k-v-X-p-I-f-p-w H-«-p-w k-p-c-£-n-X-a-Ã.-

C-¯-c-¯-n-e-p-Å sX-ä-m-b `-£-W

i-o-e-§-f-m-W-v \-s½ tc-m-K-n-I-f-m-¡-p-

¶-sX-¶-v B-hÀ-¯-n-¨-v ]-d-b-p-¶-p

ssh-Z-y k-a-q-l-w. -a-R-v-P-p-h-m-c-y-c-p-sS

lu H-mÄ-U-v BÀ b-q F-¶ k-n-\-n-a

\-m-«-n-e-p-|-m-¡-n-b X-c-w-K-w sN-d-p-

sX-m-¶-p-a-Ã.- i-p-²-a-m-b ]-̈ -¡-d-n-IÄ

h-o-«-nÂ X-s¶ D-|-m-¡-m-sa-¶-v B

N-n-{X-¯-n-e-q-sS a-R-v-P-p-h-m-c-y-À I-m-

W-n-¨-v X-c-p-¶-p-|-v. B k-n-\-n-a I-|

h-f-sc-tb-sd BÄ-¡-mÀ sS-d-k-n-e-p-w,-

h-o-«-n-e-p-w,- ]-d-¼-n-e-p-w ]-̈ -¡-d-n I-r-j-n

X-p-S-§-n-b-n-«-p-|-v.- I-r-j-n ̀ -h-\-p-I-f-nÂ

t{K-m _-m-K-n-\-m-b-n BÄ-¡-mÀ X-n-c-

¡-v I-q-«-p-¶-p-a-p-|-v.- \-m-S³ ]-¨-¡-d-n-

IÄ tX-S-n-¸-n-S-n-¨-p h-m-§-m³ B-f-p-

IÄ {i-²-n-¨-p X-p-S-§-n-b-n-«-p-|-v.C-

tX t]-m-se X-s¶-b-m-W-v \-½-p-sS

{]-[-m-\ `-£-W-a-m-b A-c-n-b-p-sS

I-m-c-y-h-p-w.- A-c-n-b-n-e-p-w \-n-d-sb h-n-

j-a-p-|-v.- \-q-d-nÂ-¸-c-w Z-n-h-k-w a-m-

{X-w B-b-p-Ê-p-Å s\Â-sN-S-n-b-nÂ

a-m-k-¯-nÂ c-s|-¶ I-W-¡-nÂ

a-m-c-I I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n-IÄ {]-tb-m-K-n-̈ -v

DÂ-]-m-Z-n-̈ -v A-c-n-b-m-¡-n, A-c-n tI-S-m-

I-m-X-n-c-n-¡-m³ h-o-|-p-w h-n-j-w X-f-n-̈ -v

I-Ã-p-w I-d-p-̄ A-c-n-b-p-w \-o-¡-n t]-m-

f-o-j-v sN-b-v-X-v \-n-d-a-p-Å k-p-µ-c³

]-m-b-v -¡-n-§-nÂ \-a-p-¡-v a-p-¼-n-se-


¯-p-¶ Cu `-£-y-h-k-v-X-p- F-{X-

t¯-m-f-w l-m-\-n-I-c-a-m-b-n-c-n -¡-p-w.

]-¨-¡-d-n-I-f-n-se h-n-j-k-m-¶-n-²-y-w

Ad--n-b-m³ C-t¸-mÄ ]-c-n-ti-m-[-\

k-w-h-n-[-m-\-§-f-p-|-v.- A-tX t] -m-se

a-ä-v `-£-W h-k-v-X-p-¡-f-n-se h-n-j-

k-m-¶-n-²-y-w ]-c-n-ti-m-[-\-b-v-¡-v h-n-t[-

b-a-m-t¡-|-X-m-W-v. -A-c-n-b-p-w ]-e-h-y-

R-v-P-\-§-f-p-w ,^-e-hÀ-¤-§-f-p-w ,C-d-

¨-n-b-p-w,- a-p-«-b-p-w,- ]-m-e-p-w,- a-Õ-y-h-p-w

-H-s¡ h-n-j-a-p-à-a-m-sW-¶-v D-d-¸-v

h-c-p-t¯-|-X-v C-¶-s¯ tc-m-K-m-

X-p-c-a-m-b A-h-Ø-b-nÂ D-N-n-X-a-m-b

-I-m-c-y-a-m-W-v.C-sX-m-s¡ D-S³ k-m-

[-y-a-m-I-p-sa-¶-v I-c-p-X-p-I h-¿.- A-X-v

sI-m-|-v k-p-c-£-n-X `-£-W-¯-n-\-v

k-p-c-£-n-X I-r-j-n D-|-m-th-|-n-b-n-c-n-

¡-p-¶-p.- A-h-\-h-\-p th-|-X-v A-h-

\-h-sâ I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-nÂ DÂ-]-m-Z-n-¸-n-

¡-p-h-m³ I-g-n-b-p-sa-¦-nÂ A-{X-b-p-w

\-Ã-X-v.a-e-b-m-f-n G-ä-h-p-w I-q-S-q-XÂ

`-£-n-¡-p-¶-X-v A-c-n-b-m-W-v.- tZ-m-i-

b-m-b-p-w ,- A-¸-a-m-b-p-w,- ]-p-«-m-b-p-w,-

C-Í-e-n-b-m-b-p-w , I-ª-n-b-m-b-p-w a-ä-v

]-e-X-c-w ]-e-l-m-c-a-m-b-p-w sa-m-¯-w

`-£-W-¯-n-sâ 60 i-X-a-m-\-h-p-w

A-c-n-b-m-l-m-c-a-m-W-v. a-d-p-\-m-S³ A-c-n-

b-p-sS a-m-c-I h-n-j-{]-tb-m-K-w \-½Ä

X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-p-¼-mÄ a-ä-v N-n-e-X-p I-q-S-n

I-S-¶-v h-¶-p-sI-m-|-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p.ssN-

\-o-k-v A-c-n F-¶ t]-c-nÂ h-y-m-P

A-c-n-b-p-w h-n-]-W-n-b-nÂ F-¯-n-b-n-

c-n-¡-p-¶-p.- A-c-n-b-p-a-m-tb-m,-s\-Ã-p-a-m-

tb-m b-m-sX-m-c-p _-Ô-h-p-a-n-Ã-m-¯

Cu h-y-m-P-sâ \-nÀ-½-m-W-¯-n-se

A-k-w-k-v-I-r-X h-k-v-X-p-¡Ä D-c-p-f-I-n-

g-§-p-w,-a-[-p-c-I-n-g-§-p-a-m-W-s{X.- C-h

\-¶-m-b-n A-c-¨-v A-X-n-te-¡-v ¹-m-Ì-n-

¡-v tI-m-¼u-|-p-I-f-p-w tNÀ-¯-v sh-

Å-\-n-d-̄ -n-te-m,- N-p-h-̧ -v \-n-d-̄ -n-te-m

^-m-I-v-S-d-n-I-f-nÂ D-|-m-¡-p-¶ Cu

A-c-n \-½-p-sS ]-e {_-m³-U-U-v

A-c-n-I-f-n-e-p-w a-m-b-a-m-b-n tNÀ-¡-p-

¶-p-|-v. Cu A-c-n X-n-f-b-v-¡-p-¼-mÄ

]-X I-q-S-q-X-e-p-|-m-h-p-w. ]-m-S F-S-p-

¯-p-W-¡-n-b-mÂ ¹-m-Ì-n-¡-v t]-m-se

I-n-«-p-w.- I-¯-n-¨-mÂ D-c-p-I-n I-¯-p-I-

b-p-w sN-¿-p-w.

]-p -X-n -b A-´-I s\Â h-n -

¯-p-w F-¯-m-\-n-S-b-p-|-v.- k-p-hÀ-®

s\-Ã-v F-¶ t]-c-nÂ sl-I-v-S-d-n-\-v

40S¬-h-n-f-h-p-w P-o-h-I-w F-b-p-sS

k-m-¶-n-²-y-h-p-a-p-Å P-o³ a-m-ä-¯-n-e-q-

sS D-c-p-¯-n-c-n-¨ Cu s\-Ã-n-\-w Z-q-c h-y-m-]-I-a-m-b {]-X-y-m-L-m-X-§Ä-¡-v h-g-n

X-p-d-¶-n-S-p-I-b-m-W-v.-_-w-¥-m-tZ-i-n-e-p-w ^-n-e-n-s¸³-k-n-e-p-w Cu h-n-¯-n-s\-X-n-sc

P-\-I-o-b {]-t£-m-`-W-§Ä B-c-w-`-n-¨-n-«-p-|-v. C-sX-m-s¡-b-m-W-v \-½-p-sS

X-o³-ta-i-b-nÂ F-¯-p-¶-X-v.- I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n hÀ-²-n-¨ tX-m-X-nÂ {]-tb-m-K-n-¨-p-

|-m-¡-n-b A-c-n-b-m-b-m-e-p-w,- h-y-m-P ssN-\-o-k-v A-c-n-b-m-b-m-e-p-w \-a-p-¡-v tZ-m-j-

I-c-w X-s¶.- C-X-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w c-£-s¸-S-p-h-m³ F-´-p-|-v-v a-mÀ-¤-w.- H-¶-p-I-nÂ

X-c-n-i-p I-n-S-¡-p-¶ h-b-e-p-IÄ I-r-j-n-tb-m-K-y-a-m-¡-n I-r-j-n sN-b-v-X s\-Ã-v

X-s¶ A-c-n-b-m-¡-n D-]-tb-m-K-n-¡-W-w.- A-sÃ-¦-nÂ ]-¨-¡-d-n- I-r-j-n- sN-¿-p-w

t]-m-se t{K-m _-m-K-nÂ s\-Ã-p-w I-r-j-n sN-¿-m-w, sS-d-k-n-e-p-w {]-tX-y-I {i-²

\Â-I-n s\Â I-r-j-n sN-¿-m-w,- ]-d-¼-n-e-p-w sN-b-v-X-p t\-m-¡-m-w. C-h-n-sS-b-m-W-v

]-g-b-I-m-e I-r-j-n-b-m-b I-c s\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-sS hÀ-¯-a-m-\-I-m-e k-m-[-y-X

]-c-o-£-n-¡-s¸-tS-|-X-v.- D-a-t-P-y-m-X-n,- P-b X-p-S-§-n-b- A-X-y-p-e-v-]-m-Z-\-ti-j-n-

b-p-Å s\-Ã-n-\-§Ä h-bÂ-I-r-j-n-¡-p \-Ã-sX-¦-n-e-p-w I-c-I-r-j-n-¡-v ]-e-X-p

sI-m-|-p-w tb-m-P-y-a-Ã.- kzÀ-®-{]-̀ G-d-d-h-p-w \-Ã I-c s\-Ã-n-\-a-m-W-v.- I-q-S-m-sX

]-«-m-¼-n s\-Ã-p-K-th-j-W tI-{µ-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-p-a-p-Å ]-n.-ä-n._-n23, ]-n.-ä-n._-n10

F-¶-n-h-b-p-w \-Ã-X-m-W-v.

t{K-m-_-m-K-v s\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-v A-X-y-p-¯-a-m-b H-c-p k-¦-c s\-Ã-n-\-w IÀ-

®-m-S-I-b-n-se s\-Ã-v K-th-j-W-tI-{µ-a-m-b a-m-W-v-U-y- F- AÀ -F-Ê-n \-n-¶-p-w

]-p-d-¯-n-d-¡-n-b-n-«-p-|-v.- sI-BÀ-F-¨-v IÀ-W-m-S-I F-¶-m-W-X-n-sâ t]-c-v.H-c-p

t{K-m--_-m-K-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w i-c-m-i-c-n h-n-f-hmWv-v 250 {K-m-w {]-X-o-£-n-¡-m-w. 400 t{K-m-

_-m-K-v H-c-p-¡-n-b-mÂ 100 I-n-{K-m-w s\-Ã-v h-n-f-b-n-¡-m-w. 60 I-n-te-m A-c-n A-X-nÂ

\-n-¶-p-w I-n-«-p-w. \-m-e-v t]-c-p-Å H-c-p I-p-S-p-w-_-¯-n-\-v i-c-m-i-c-n H-c-p Z-n-h-k-w

A-c-I-n-te-m a-p-XÂ 1 I-n-te-m A-c-n a-X-n-b-m-I-p-w. 400 t{K-m-_-m-K-v D-s|-¦-nÂ

c-|-v-þ-c-|-c a-m-k-s¯ ̀ -£-W-w X-oÀ-̈ -b-m-¡-m-w. -c-|-p k-o-k-W-nÂ B-b-n 1000

t{K-m-_-m-K-v D-s|-¦-nÂ H-c-p hÀ-j-w D-®-m-\-p-Å i-p-² A-c-n h-o-«-nÂ X-s¶

D-|-m-¡-m-w.]-d-¼-n-e-m-sW-¦-nÂ 25 skâ-n-se I-r-j-n-sI-m-|-v H-c-p hÀ-j-s¯

A-c-n D-Â]-m-Z-n-¸-n-¡-m-w. ]-s£ sh-Ã-p-h-n-f-n C-\-n-b-p-a-p-|-v.- s\-Ã-v DÂ]-m-Z-n-

¸-n-¨-mÂ A-c-n-b-m-¡-p-h-m-\-p-Å k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w I-q-S-n \-m-«-n-e-p-|-m-h-W-w. s\-Ã-v

]-p-g-p-§-n D-|-m-¡-n A-c-n-b-m-¡-p-¶ ta-m-tU¬ ssd-k-v a-n-Ã-p-I-f-p-w, -sN-d-n-b

b-q-W-n-ä-p-IÄ I-p-S-p-w-_-{i-o-IÄ-¡-p-w X-p-S-§-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v. C-t¸-mÄ X-s¶

\-½-p-sS ]-p-©-I-f-nÂ DÂ-]-m-Z-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶ i-p-² s\-Ã-v h-n-ä-v h-n-j A-c-n h-m-

§-p-¶ Ø-n-X-n \-n-e \-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p. -{]-[-m-\ I-m-c-W-w s\-Ã-v A-c-n-b-m-¡-p-¶

h-n-j-a-w X-s¶. A-X-v I-q-S-n ]-c-n-l-c-n-¡-W-w.- h-n-j A-c-n X-o-ä a-X-n-b-m-¡-m-\-m-

b-n \-a-p-¡-v I-c s\Â-v-I-r-j-n-b-n-te-¡-v N-p-h-S-v h-b-v-¡-m-w.

"h-o-«-v h-f-¸-n-e-p-w s\Â I-r-j-n'. A-X-m-h-s« ]-p-X-n-b a-p-{Z-m-h-m-I-y-w.


tI-c-f kÀ-¡-mÀ s\Â hÀ-

j-a-m-b-n B-N-c-n-¡-p-¶ Cu hÀ-j-w

s\Â-I-r-j-n-b-nÂ kz-b-w ]-c-y-m-]-v-X-X

ssI-h-c-n-¡-p-I F-¶ e-£-y-s¯

a-p³-\-nÀ-¯-n-b-p-Å k-a-{K-]-c-n-]-m-S-n-

IÄ-¡-v ]-Å-n-¡Â {K-m-a-]-©-m-b-

-̄nÂ X-p-S-¡-a-n-S-p-I-b-m-W-v.- ]-©-m-b-

¯-n-se X-c-n-i-v \-n-e-§Ä X-n-c-p-h-

\-´-]-p-c-w P-n-Ã-m ]-©-m-b-¯-n-sâ

k-a-{K-s\Â-I-r-j-n ]-²-X-n -b-nÂ

DÄ-s¸-S-p-¯-n s\Â-I-r-j-n sN-¿-p-¶-

X-n-\-v ]-p-d-sa I-mÀ-j-n-I h-n-I-k-\

IÀ-j-I t£-a h-I-p-¸-n-sâ k-l-m-

b-t¯-m-sS I-c-s\Â-I-r-j-n B-c-w-`-n-

¨-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. ]-©-m-b-¯-n-se

10 G-¡-td-m-f-w Ø-e-w sX-m-g-n-e-p-d-¸-v

sX-m-g-n-e-m-f-n-I-sf D-]-tb-m-K-n-¨-v I-m-S-v

sX-f-n-¨-v \-n-e-sa-m-c-p-¡-n I-r-j-n-b-n-S-w

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n sI-m-S-p-¯-p-sI-m|-m-W-v

IÀ-j-I-sc I-c-s\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-m-b-n

k-Ö-c-m-¡-n-b-X-v.- D-bÀ-¶-p h-c-p-¶

A-c-n-h-n-e-b-p-w IÀ-j-IÀ s\Â-I-r-j-n-

b-n-te-¡-v X-n-c-n-b-m³ I-m-c-W-a-m-b-n.

I-c-s\Â-I-r-j-n-¡-v B-IÀ-j-a-m-b

kÀ-¡-mÀ k-_-v-k-n-U-n-b-p-w C-t¸-mÄ

\-n-e-h-n-e-p|-v.- I-X-n-c-n-«-v 25-m-w Z-n-h-k-

-̄n-\-I-w I-c-s\-Ã-v sI-m-¿-m-h-p-¶-X-m-

W-v.- i-c-n-b-m-b ]-c-n-N-c-W-w,- i-c-n-b-m-b

I-r-j-n-c-o-X-n F-¶-n-h A-\-p-hÀ-¯-n-

¨-mÂ G-¡-d-n-\-v 120 I-n-te-m-{K-m-w

h-sc h-n-f-h-v e-`-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.- B-Z-y

L-«-a-m-b-n ]-Å-n-¡Â {K-m-a-]-©-m-

b-¯-n-se ¹-m-¨-n -h-n -f h-mÀ-U-nÂ

a-q-¶-c G-¡À Ø-e-¯-p-Å I-c-

s\Â-I-r-j-n-b-p-sS D-Z-v-L-m-S-\-w _-l-p

P-n-Ã-m ]-©-m-b-¯-v Ø-n-c-w k-a-n-X-n

A-²-y-£³ {i-o.-_-n.]-n a-p-c-f-n \-nÀ-h-

l-n-¨-p.- ]-©-m-b-¯-nÂ B-sI ]-¯-v

G-¡À Ø-e-¯-v I-r-j-n B-c-w-`-n-¨-p.-

sX-m-g-n-e-p-d-̧ -v h-g-n-b-m-W-v I-r-j-n-b-n-S-w

H-c-p-¡-n-b-X-v.- I-n-f-n-a-m-\-pÀ t»-m-¡-v

{]-k-n-Uâ-v {i-o-a-X-n. {i-o-P ssj-P-p-

tZ-h-v A-²-y-£-X h-l-n-¨ tb-m-K-

¯-nÂ ]-©-m-b-¯-v {]-k-n-Uâ-v {i-o.

A-S-p-¡-qÀ D-®-n A-hÀ-IÄ kz-m-K-X-w

]-d-ª-p.- ssh-k-v {]-k-n-Uâ-v {i-o-a-

X-n l-k-o-\,{K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-w-K-§-

f-m-b {i-o-a-X-n F-Ê-v.-]-p-j-v-]-e-X,{i-o-

a-X-n tc-W-p-I-I-p-a-m-c-n,{i-o ]-Å-n-¡Â

\-k-oÀ F-¶-n-hÀ ]-s¦-S-p-̄ -p,-I-r-j-n

H-m-^-o-kÀ {i-o-a-X-n sI k-v-a-n-X \-µ-n-

tc-J-s¸-S-p-¯-n.- h-c-p-w hÀ-j-w I-q-S-p-

XÂ I-c-̀ -p-a-n s\Â-I-r-j-n-b-v-¡-v th|-n

H-c-p-¡-n-s¡-m-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n sX-m-g-n-

e-p-d-̧ -v ]-²-X-n-b-nÂ DÄ-s -̧S-p-̄ -n I-c-

s\Â-I-r-j-n h-n-]-p-e-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v

{K-m-a-]-©-m-b-̄ -n-sâ e-£-y-w.

I-c-s\Â I-r-j-n-b-p-a-m-b-n]-Å-n-¡Â {K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-v

sI.- kv-an-X


l-cn-{]n-b tZ-hn

ssP-h-tI-c-f-w F-¶ B-i-b-

h-p-a-m-b-n a-p-t¶-m-«-v I-p-X-n-¡-p-¶ I-mÀ-

j-n-I tI-c-f-¯-n-\-v ]-c-o-£-n-¡-m³

k-m-[-n-¡-p-¶ k-p-µ-c-a-m-b k-m-t¦-X-n-I

h-n-Z-y-b-m-W-v ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n ]-c-n-hÀ-̄ -\

I-r-j-n A-Y-h-m C-t¡-m-f-P-n-¡Â

F-©-n-\-o-b-d-n-w-K-v. {]-[-m-\ h-n-f-b-p-sS

]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-b-nÂ a-m-ä-w h-c-p-̄ -p-¶-p-

F-¶-X-m-W-v Cu c-o-X-n-b-p-sS {]-tX-y-

I-X A-X-n-\-v th|-n {]-[-m-\ h-n-f-b-p-

sS I-o-S-§-sf B-IÀ-j-n-¡-p-I-tb-m h-n-

IÀ-j-n-¡-p-I-tb-m sN-¿-p-¶ h-n-f-I-sf

{]-[-m-\ h-n-f-b-p-sS N-p-ä-p-w h-fÀ-̄ -p-I

F-¶-X-m-W-v Cu k-m-t¦-X-n-I h-n-Z-y-b-p-

sS {]-[-m-\ {]-tX-y-I-X.-C-X-v I-q-S-m-sX

{]-[-m-\ h-n-f-sb I-o-S-§Ä D-]-{Z-h-n-¡-m-

sX A-h-sb k-w-c-£-n-¡-p-¶ A-X-nÀ-

-̄n h-n-f-IÄ h-fÀ-̄ -p-¶-X-p-w C-X-nÂ

H-c-p c-o-X-n-b-m-W-v.

]-c-n -Ø-n -X-n ]-c-n -hÀ-¯-\

I-r-j-n C-´-y-b-nÂ {]-N-c-n-¸-n-¡-m³

sN-¿-m³ {i-a-n-¡-p-¶-X-v ssl-{Z-m-

_-m-Z-n-se \-m-j-WÂ C³-Ì-v-n-ä-y-p-«-v

H-m-^-v ¹-mâ-v slÂ-¯-v a-m-t\-P-v -

saâ -v-B-W-v. -{]-[-m-\ h-n-f-b-v-s¡-m-̧ -w

AÂ-¸-w t\-c-s¯ X-s¶ ]-c-n-Ø-n-

X-n ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\ h-n-f-I-f-p-sS h-n-¯-n-

S-p-¶-p.- {]-[-m-\ h-n-f ]-q-h-n-S-p-¶-X-n-\-v

a-p³-]-v X-s¶ a-ä-v B-IÀ-j-W h-n-f-

IÄ ]-q-¯-p X-p-S-§-p-¶-p. A-§-s\

{]-[-m-\ h-n-f-b-p-sS I-o-S-§-sf X-§-

f-n-te-¡-v B-IÀ-j-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w A-X-v

H-c-p ]-c-n-[-n h-sc {]-[-m-\ h-n-f-sb

I-o-S-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-v c-£-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w

sN-¿-p-¶-p. A-X-v t]-m-se X-s¶

I-o-S-§-sf h-n-f-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-v h-n-

IÀ-j-n-¡-p-¶ h-n-f-I-sf-b-p-w \-a-p-¡-v

h-fÀ-̄ -m-w. ]-c-n-hÀ-̄ -\ I-r-j-n-b-nÂ

D-t]-b-m-K-n-¡-p-¶ h-n-f-IÄ-¡-v D|-m-

b-n-c-n-t¡| {]-[-m-\ K-p-W-§Ä

1. ]-p-¡Ä D|-m-I-p-¶-h,-A-X-nÂ

[-m-c-m-f-w ]-c-m-K-tc-W-p-¡-f-p-w tX-

\-p-w DÂ-¸-m-Z-n-¡-p-¶-h

2. F-f-p-¸-¯-nÂ h-fÀ-¯-n-sb-S-p-¡-m-

h-p-¶-h

3. {]-[-m-\ h-n-f-b-p-a-m-b-n aÂ-k-c-n-¡-m-

¯-h

4. -I-f-b-m-b-n a-m-d-m-¯-h

5. I-¶-p-I-m-e-n-IÄ-¡-v h-n-j-h-n-f-I-f-m-

I-¯-h-b-p-w H-¸-w A-[-n-I h-n-f-b-p-

sS K-p-W-w X-c-p-¶-h-b-p-w

H-¶-v c|-v D-Z-m-l-c-W-§Äk-q-c-y-I-m-´-n,-P-a-´-n,-X-p-f-k-n,-

tN-m-f-w,-B-h-W-¡-v,sh| X-p-S-§-n-b

k-k-y-§Ä ]-¨-¡-d-n h-n-f-I-f-nÂ

]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\ h-n-f-b-m-b-n

D-]-tb-m-K-n-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v -þ- ssP-h-

I-r-j-n-b-nÂ I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n {]-tb-m-K-n-v-

¡-m-sX I-o-S-§-sf A-I-ä-n \-nÀ-¯-m-

h-p-¶ Cu h-n-Z-y \-½-p-sS \-m-«-n-se

IÀ-j-IÀ-¡-v h-f-sc F-f-p-¸-¯-nÂ

{]-tb-m-K-n-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.-

]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n ]-c-n-hÀ-¯-\ I-r-j-n--ssP-h-I-r-j-n-b-n-se k-p-µ-c-a-m-b k-m-t¦-X-n-I h-n-Z-y


a-e-_-m-d-nÂ a-p-k-v-e-n-w-I-f-p-sS

B-K-a-\-I-m-e-¯-p-X-s¶ k-tl-m-Z-c-

k-a-p-Z-m-b-a-m-b l-n-µ-p-¡-f-nÂ \-n-¶-v

A-h-k-tc-m-N-n-X-a-m-b k-l-m-b-t¯-m-

sS-b-m-W-v a-e-_-m-d-nÂ C-k-v-e-m-w-a-X-w

{]-N-c-n-¨-X-v. X-p-SÀ-¶-v tI-m-e-¯-n-c-n-

\-m-«-nÂ a-p-k-v-e-n-w-I-f-p-w l-n-µ-p-¡-f-p-w

k-p-Z-r-V-a-m-b _-Ô-w ]-p-eÀ-¯-n-

t]-m-¶-n-c-p-¶ k-a-b-¯-m-W-v 1498Â

h-m-k-v-tK-m-U-n-K-m-a-b-p-sS h-c-h-v. X-p-

SÀ-¶-v K-m-a-b-p-tS-b-p-w D-]-P-m-]-I-

k-w-L-¯-n-tâ-b-p-w tl-X-p-h-m-b-n

a-p-k-v-e-n-w-I-f-p-w l-n-µ-p-¡-f-p-w X-½-nÂ

I-S-p -¯ i-{X-p-X-b-n -e-m-b-n. ]-X-n -

\-m-d-m-w \-q-ä-m|-nÂ P-o-h-n-¨-n-c-p-¶

X-t¨-m-f-n H-tX-\-sâ-b-p-w I-p-ª-m-e-n

a-c-b-v-¡-m-c-p-sS-b-p-w I-m-e-¯-v sI-m-Ã-

hÀ-j-w 759 a-p-X-e-m-W-v C-X-n-s\-m-c-p

a-m-ä-w h-¶-X-v. tI-m-«-¡Â a-q-¯ I-p-

ª-m-e-n-a-c-¡-mÀ-¡-v I-m-W-n-¡-sh-¨-v

A-\-p-{K-l-w h-m-§-n-b ti-j-a-m-W-v

X-t -̈m-f-n H-tX-\³ X-sâ I-f-c-n \-n-e-

\-nÀ-¯-n-b-n-c-p-¶-X-v.

t\-c-n-«-p-sh-«-n a-c-n-¨-sX-¦-nÂ

\-m-t«-¡-p \-sÃ-m-c-p a-m-\-w-X-s¶

tN-tI-m-·-m-c-m-b-n P-\-n-¨-mÂ-]-n-s¶

h-mÄ-¡-W-b-nÂ tN-m-d-tÃ-m

tN-tI-m-·-mÀ-¡-v

te-m-I-\-mÀ-I-m-h-n-se B-d-m-«-p-

Õ-h-¯-n-\-v th|-n-b-p-Å ]-´Â

\-nÀ-½-m-W th-f-b-nÂ a-X-n-e-qÀ K-p-

c-p-¡-f-p-w H-tX-\-\-p-w X-½-nÂ \-S-¶

h-m-Kz-m-Z-§Ä tl-X-p-h-m-b-n C-c-p-h-

c-p-w s]-m-¶-n-b-¯-p-sh-¨-v ]-S-I-p-d-n-¨

h-n-h-c-w \-m-S-p-h-m-g-n X-¼-c-m-¡-·-mÀ-

¡-p-w N-´-p-h-n-\-p-w I-p-ª-m-e-n a-c-

b-v -¡-mÀ-¡-p-w h-S-I-c-b-n-se ]-g-b

a-p-k-v-e-n-w X-d-h-m-S-m-b N-o-\-w-h-o-«-n-

se I-m-c-W-hÀ-¡-p-w H-m-e-I-sf-g-p-

X-n A-d-n-b-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p. X-p-SÀ-¶-v ]-S

t\-m-ä-n-c-p-¶ H-tX-\-s\ X-t¨-m-f-n

a-m-W-n-t¡-m-¯-v X-d-h-m-«-n -se-¯-n

C-h-sc-Ã-m-w k-µÀ-i-n-¨-v h-n-P-b-m-i-w-

k-IÄ t\À-¶-p.

H-tX-\-\-p-w a-c-b-v-¡-m-c-p-w X-½-n-

e-p-Å k-p-Z-r-V-_-Ô-w h-y-à-a-m-

¡-p-¶ h-n-e-y-w-te-m-K-sâ a-e-_-mÀ

a-m-\-p-h-e-n-se h-S-¡³-]-m-«-n-se h-c-n-

I-S-¯-\m-«n-se a-X-ssa-{Xn-bp-sS kp-hÀ-® ap-{Z-IÄ

Sn.hn. A_vZpdlnam³Ip«n


IÄ S-n.-h-n. I-r-j-v-W³ h-n-hÀ-¯-\-w

sN-b-v-X-X-v C-§-s\ k-w-{K-l-n-¡-m-w.

s]-m-b-v-X-p Z-n-h-k-a-m-b h-y-m-g-m-g-v-N

h-¶-p

I-q-«-c-p-sa-m-¯-v

tI-m-«-¡Â A-l-a-Z-v I-p-c-n-¡-sf-¯-n

h-S-I-c ]-o-S-tb-¡Â I-p-ª-n-t -̧m-¡À

X-sâ k-l-m-b-n-I-tf-m-sS-m-¸-sa-¯-n

]-S-\-n-e-¯-nÂ I-q-«-w-tNÀ-¶-h-c-p-sS

B-c-h-w

h-m-f-p-IÄ I-q-«-n-a-p-«-p-¶ i-_-v-Z-w

H-tX-\³ a-S-n-¡-p-¯-nÂ \-n-¶-v

]-X-n-\-m-d-p -sh-Å-n-¸-W-w

ssI-b-n- se-S-p-¯-p

tI-m-«-¡Â A-l-v-½-Z-v a-c-b-v-¡-m-c-p-sS

I-m-e-nÂ-sh-¨-v

h-o-W-p h-W-§-n

]-S-¨-h-\-m-b A-Ã-m-l-p-h-n-sâ

\-m-a-¯-nÂ

a-c-¡-mÀ-H-tX-\-s\ B-i-nÀ-Æ-Z-n-¨-p

a-c-¡-mÀ H-tX-\-t\-m-S-v ]-d-ª-p:

\-n-§Ä \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ Cu Ø-e-w

I-f-c-n-b-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w

b-p-²-tZ-h-X-b-p-sS B-Ø-m-\-w

C-tX h-n-[-¯-nÂ H-tX-\-s\

a-ä-p-Å-h-c-p-w A-\-p-{K-l-n-¨-p.

tI-m-«-¡Â H-m-a-\ I-p-ª-m-e-n-

¡-v, \-m-b-c-p-w X-n-¿-c-p-w H-¶-p-t]-m-se.

F-¶ h-c-n-IÄ I-p-ª-m-e-n a-c-b-v -

¡-mÀ P-m-X-n-a-X-t -̀Z-a-s\-y ]-p-eÀ-̄ -n-

t -̧m-¶ k-a-̀ -m-h-\ h-y-à-a-m-¡-p-¶-h-

b-m-W-v. a-c-b-v-¡-m-·-m-c-p-w te-m-I-\-mÀ-

¡-m-h-v t£-{X Ø-m-\-n-I-f-p-w X-½-n-

e-p-Å ssa-{X-n-_-Ô-w Ç-m-L-\-o-b

N-c-n-{X e-n-J-n-X-a-m-W-v.

I-m-h-n-se tZ-h-X-s]-m-¶-p-tZ-h-n

F-Ã-m-tc-w H-¶-m-b-n I|-p-tZ-h-n

I-p-e-h-p-w I-p-e-t¸-c-p-w tN-m-Z-n-¨-n-Ã

a-\-p-j-y-I-p-e-¯-n-sâ I-m-h-n-e-½

X-p-S-§-n-b h-m-sa-m-g-n h-c-n-IÄ-

s¡-m|-v ]-p-IÄ-s -̧ä te-m-I-\-mÀ-¡-m-

h-v h-S-I-c-b-n-se \-K-c-¯-nÂ-\-n-¶-v

A-©-v I-n-te-m-a-o-äÀ I-n-g-¡-v Ø-n-X-n-

sN-¿-p-¶-p.

h-S-¡³-]-m-«-p-I-f-nÂ \-n-d-ª-p-

\-nÂ-¡-p-¶ Cu t£-{X-w N-c-n-{X-h-p-w

sF-X-o-l-y-h-p-w C-g-tNÀ-¶-X-m-W-v.

te-m-I-\-mÀ I-m-h-n-se N-p-ä-p-a-X-nÂ-

s¡-«-n-\-p-Å-nÂ X-t¨-m-f-n I-p-S-p-w-_-

¡-mÀ-¡-v D-Õ-h-w I-m-W-m³ C-c-n-¡-m-

\-p-Å X-d-¡-c-n-sI X-s¶ a-p-k-v-e-n-w

]u-c-{]-a-p-JÀ-¡-v I-m-e-v X-m-g-v -¯-n

C-c-n-¡-m³ a-sä-m-c-p X-d Ø-m-]-n-¨-n-

c-p-¶-p.

I-m-h-nÂ `-K-h-X-o s]-m-¶-½-b-v-¡-v

a-t¡-y-sf a-¡-f-p-w a-¡-f-m¬

sa-t¡-se a-¡-f-p-w a-¡-f-m-W-v

A-c-b-v-¡-m-c-p-w-a-¡-f-p-w a-¡-f-m-W-v

Cu h-c-n-IÄ te-m-I-\-mÀ-I-m-

h-n -e-½ \-m-\-m-P-m-X-n a-X-Ø-sc

a-¡-f-m-b-n I-c-p -X-p -¶-p-sh-¶-m-W-v

k-¦Â-¸-w. sa-t¡-se a-¡Ä F-¶-

X-p-sI-m|-v A-d-_-n- a-p-k-v-e-n--§sf-

b-m-W-v D-t±-i-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

Cu I-Y-b-n-se a-sä-m-c-p X-n-f-¡-

a-p-ä C-S-a-m-W-v I-¡-n-S-n-¸-p-g-tb-m-c-¯-v

Ø-n-X-n-sN-¿-p-¶ N-o-\-w h-o-S-v. ]u-c-m-

W-n-I-I-m-e-¯-v a-e-_-m-d-n-se X-o-c-{]-

tZ-i-§-f-nÂ ssN-\-¡-mÀ-¡-v h-y-m-]-m-

c-_-Ô-§Ä D|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ssN-\

bv-¡-v A-d-_-n-b-nÂ kz-o³ F-¶-m-W-v

D-Ñ-m-c-W-w. kz-o³ F-¶-X-n-sâ ]-c-n-

hÀ-̄ -n-X c-q-]-a-m-W-v N-o-\. C-sX-Ã-m-w

tNÀ-̄ -m-b-n-c-n-¡-m-w N-o-\-w-h-o-S-v F-¶-v

k-n-²-n-¡-m³ I-m-c-W-w.

B-Z-y-I-m-e-¯-v N-o-\-w-h-o-S-v P-p-

a-p-A-¯-v ]-Å-n H-m-e-ta-ª sN-d-n-

sb-m-c-p ]-Å-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. a-p-¶-q-d-v

hÀ-j-§Ä-¡-v a-p-¼-v ]-Å-n-b-n-se

D-k-v-X-m-Z-p-w h-e-n-¿-p-a-m-b a-m-b-n³ a-p-

k-v-e-n-b-m-c-p-sS t\-X-r-Xz-̄ -nÂ ]-Å-n

]-p-X-p-¡-n ]-W-n-b-m³ H-c-p-¡-§Ä

X-I-r-X-n-b-m-b-n B-c-w-`-n-¨-p. C-X-n-\-m-

h-i-y-a-m-b a-c-̄ -n-\-p-th|-n I-p-ä-y-m-S-n-

b-n-se-¯-n-b a-m-b-n³ a-p-k-v-e-n-b-m-c-p-w

k-w-L-h-p-w {]-tZ-i-s¯ ̀ -q-D-S-a-b-m-b

\-¼-q-X-n-c-n-sb k-a-o-]-n-¨-v ]-Å-n-¡-v

B-h-i-y-a-m -b a-c-w X-c-W-sa-¶-v

A-`-yÀ-°-n-¨-p.

a-p-¼-v a-p-d-n -¡-p-¶ k-a-b-¯-v

Z-n-i-sX-ä-n sI-m-¡-b-n-te-¡-v h-o-W

a-c-w F-S-p-¯-p-sI-m-Å-m³ \-¼-q-X-n-c-n

]-d-ª-p. a-p-k-v-e-n-b-mÀ k-k-t´-m-

j-w A-w-K-o-I-c-n-̈ -p. N-o-\-w-h-o-«-n-te-¡-v

a-S-§-n.

]-s£ sI-m-¡-b-nÂ h-o-W a-c-w

I-b-ä-m³ \-¼-q-X-n-c-n-b-p-sS I-m-c-y-Ø-

·-m-c-p-sS t\-X-r-Xz-̄ -nÂ ]-e X-h-W

{i-a-§Ä \-S-¯-n-sb-¦-n-e-p-w F-Ã-m-w

\-n-j-v-^-e-a-m-I-p-I-b-m-W-p|-m-b-X-v.

A-Û-p-X-I-c-sa-¶-p ]-d-b-s«

k-w-̀ -m-j-W-§Ä \-S-¶ A-¶-v c-m-{X-n

A-k-m-[-m-c-W-a-m-b-n A-X-n-i-à-a-m-b

I-m-ä-p-w a-g-b-p-w C-S-n-b-p-w a-n-¶-e-p-w.

X-p-SÀ-¶-v X-n-aÀ-¯-p s]-b-v-X t]-

a-m-c-n-b-nÂ sI-m-¡ \-n-d-ª-p-I-h-n-

sª-m-g-p-I-n. I-q-e-w-I-p-¯-n H-g-p-I-n-b

P-e-{]-h-m-l-¯-n-e-q-sS a-c-w I-¡-n-S-n-

¸-p-g-b-n-se-¯-n ]-Å-n \-nÀ-½-n-¡-p-¶

Ø-e-̄ -n-\-v k-a-o-]-w I-c-¡-W-ª-p.

Cu H-ä-a-c-w sI-m|-m-W-s{X ]-Å-n

]-p-\À-\-nÀ-½-n-¨-X-v.

C-h-n-S-s¯ I-f-c-n-b-p-Å-X-nÂ

t£-t{X-m-Õ-h-¯-n-sâ c|-m-w Z-n-h-

k-w sh-f-n-̈ -̧ -m-S-n-sâ t\-X-r-Xz-̄ -nÂ

h-c-h-p-a-m-b-n h-c-p-¶-hÀ N-o-\-w-h-o-

S-v ]-Å-n-¡-v k-a-o-]-w F-¯-n-b-mÂ

\-m-W-b-w I-m-W-n-¡-b-m-b-n \Â-I-p-w.

a-m-b-n³ a-p-k-v-e-n-b-m-c-p-sS P-m-d-¯-nÂ

h-n-f-¡-v I-¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-te-¡-p-Å

k-w-`-m-h-\-b-m-W-s{X C-X-v. ]-W-w

\Â-I-n h-y-à-n a-S-§-n-sb-̄ -n-b-m-se

sh-f-n-¨-¸-m-S-p-w k-w-L-h-p-w Ø-e-w-h-n-

S-p-I-b-p-Å-p.

a-m-b-n³ a-p-k-v-e-n-b-m-c-p-w k-´-

X-k-l-N-m-c-n-b-m-b ]-m-e-¡-m-S-v kz-

tZ-i-n I-p -¦-\-p -w ]-m-e-¡-m-t«-¡-v

I-¨-h-S-¯-n-\-v t]-m-I-p-¶ k-a-b-¯-v

I-p-«-n-¨-m-¯³ X-n-d-b-m-«-w I-m-W-m-\-n-

S-b-m-b-s{X. I-p-¦-c-p-sS \-n-kz-mÀ-°

{]-mÀ-°-\-b-p-sS ^-e-a-m-b-n I-p-«-n-

-̈m-̄ ³ ssN-X-\-y-w ]-p-X-p-̧ -W-t -̄

¡-v h-¶-X-m-b-p-w I-f-c-n-b-p-Å-X-nÂ

I-f-c-n `-K-h-X-n-t£-{X-¯-n-t\-m-S- v

tNÀ-¶-v {]-X-n-j-vT--n¨-X-m-b-p-w a-sä-m-c-p

sF-X-o-l-y-a-p|-v.

B-Z-y-I-m-e-¯-v N-o-\-w-h-o-S-v P-p-a-p-A-¯-v ]-Å-n H-m-e-ta-ª sN-d-n-sb-m-c-p ]-Å-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. a-p-¶-q-d-v hÀ-j-§Ä-¡-v a-p-¼-v ]-Å-n-b-n-se D-k-v-X-m-Z-p-w h-e-n-¿-p-a-m-b a-m-b-n³ a-p-k-v-e-n-b-m-c-p-sS t\-X-r-Xz-¯-nÂ ]-Å-n ]-p-X-p-¡-n ]-W-n-b-m³ H-c-p-¡-§Ä X-I-r-X-n-b-m-b-n B-c-w-`-n-¨-p.


Cu B-I-v-S-v {]-I-m-c-w tI-{µ

kÀ-¡-mÀ Hu-tZ-y-m-K-n-I K-k-ä-nÂ

h-n-Ú-m-]-\-w \-S-¯-n c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ

P-\-dÂ H-m-^-v C-´-y-b-m-b-n H-c-m-sf

\-n-b-a-n-¡-p-¶-p(h-I-p-¸-v 3(1)).

c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ P-\-d-e-n-sâ taÂ-

t\-m-«-¯-n-e-p-w \-nÀ-t±-i-m-\-p-k-c-W-

h-p-w {]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-th-|-n

{]-m-]-v-X-c-m-b D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-sc B-h-

i-y-a-m-b X-k-v-X-n-I-I-f-n-se N-p-a-X-e

\-nÀ-h-l-n-¡-m³ tI-{µ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v

\-n-b-a-n-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.(h-I-p-̧ -v 3(2))

h-I-p-¸-v 3(2)se h-y-h-Ø-IÄ

{]-I-m-c-w A-U-o-j-WÂ c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ

P-\-dÂ H-m -^- v C-´-y, sU-]-y -q -

«-n c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ P-\-dÂ, tP-m-b-nâ-v

c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ P-\-dÂ (U-b-d-I-v -SÀ

H-m-^-v sk³-k-k-v H-m-¸-td-j³-k-v)

F-¶-n-h-sc c-P-n -k-v -{S-mÀ P-\-dÂ

G-Â-¸-n-¡-p-¶ tP-m-e-n-IÄ k-a-b-m-

k-a-b-§-f-nÂ \-nÀ-h-l-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

A-[-n-I-m-c-s¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-p.

N-p-a-X-e-IÄCu B-I-v-S-n-se h-I-p-¸-v 3(3)

{]-I-m-c-w c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ P-\-dÂ H-m-^-v

C-´-y X-m-sg ]-d-b-p-¶ I-m-c-y-§-f-p-

sS tI-{µ A-[-n-I-m-c-n B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w:

� Cu B-I- v -S - v {]-m-_-e-y -¯-nÂ

h-c-p-¶ {]-tZ-i-§-f-n-se P-\-\-

h-p-w a-c-W-h-p-w c-P-n-ÌÀ sN-¿-p-¶-

X-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s¸-« s]-m-X-p-\-nÀ-

t±-i-§Ä \Â-IÂ

� c-P-n-k-v -t{S-j³ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-

f-nÂ N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-m-c-p-sS

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf F-tI-m-]-n-¸-n-

¡-p-I-b-p-w sF-I-c-q-]-y-w \Â-I-p-I-

b-p-w sN-¿ Â.

� Cu B-I-v -S- v {]-I-m-c-w h-n-h-n-[

{]-tZ-i-§-f-n-se {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-

sf I-p-d-n-¨-v tI-{µ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v

h-mÀ-j-n-I d-n -t¸-mÀ-«- v k-aÀ-¸-n-

¡Â.

N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ/A-U-o-j-

WÂ N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ/sU-]-y-q-«-n

N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ

Cu B-I-v-S-n-se h-I-p-¸-v 4(1)

{]-I-m-c-w k-w-Ø-m-\ K-h¬-saâ-n-\-v

Hu-tZ-y-m-K-n-I K-k-ä-nÂ h-n-Ú-m]-\--w

\-S-¯-n k-w-Ø-m-\-s¯ N-o-^-v c-P-n-

k-v-{S-m-sd \-n-b-a-n-¡-m-w.

N-o-̂ -v c-P-n-k-v-{S-m-d-p-sS ta-Â-t\-m-

«-¯-n-e-p-w \-nÀ-t±-i-m-\-p-k-c-W-h-p-w

{]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-th|-n B-h-

i-y-a-m-b X-k-v-X-n-I-I-f-nÂ {]-m-]-v-X-

c-m-b D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-sc N-p-a-X-e \-nÀ-

h-l-n-¡-m³ k-w-Ø-m-\ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v

\-n-b-a-n-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v. N-o-^-v c-P-n-

k-v-{S-mÀ {]-k-v-X-p-X tP-m-e-n-IÄ \-nÀ-

h-l-n-¡-m³ k-a-b-m-k-a-b-§-f-n-Â

A-h-sc A-[-n-I-m-c-s¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-m-

W-v(h-I-p-¸-v 4(2)).

h-I-p-¸-v 4(2) {]-I-m-c-w A-U-o-j-

W-Â N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ/ sU-]-y-q-«-n

N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ F-¶-n-h-sc F-Ã-m

k-w-Ø-m-\-§-f-n-e-p-w tI-{µ-`-c-W

{]-tZ-i-§-f-n-e-p-w \-n-b-a-n-¡-p-¶-p.

k‑n‑h‑nÂ c‑P‑n‑k‑v‑t{S‑j³ D‑tZ‑y‑m‑K‑Ø‑c‑p‑sS N‑p‑a‑X‑e‑I‑f‑p‑w D‑¯‑c‑h‑m‑Z‑n‑Xz‑§‑f‑p‑w

c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ P-\-dÂ H-m-^-v C³-U-y

Fkv. kp-tZ\³



N-p-a-X-e-IÄCu B-I-v-S-n-se h-I-p-¸-v 4(3)

{]-I-m-c-w k-w-Ø-m-\ kÀ-¡-mÀ D-d-

¸-m-¡-p-¶ \-n-b-a-§-f-p-w D-¯-c-h-p-I-

f-p-w \-nÀ-t±-i-§-f-p-w \-S-̧ -m-¡-m-\-p-f-f

k-w-Ø-m-\-s¯ N-o-^-v F-I-v-k-n-I-y-q-

«-o-h-v A-tX-m-d-n-ä-n N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ

B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w.

N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ taÂ-]-d-

ª-h \-S-¸-nÂ-h-c-p-¯-m³ B-h-i-y-

a-m-b \-nÀ-t±-i-§Ä \Â-I-p-I-b-p-w

I-q-S-m-sX:

� k-w-Ø-m-\-¯-v I-m-c-y-£-a-a-m-b

c-P-n-k-v-t{S-j-\-nÂ G-tI-m-]-\-h-p-w

sF-I-c-q-]-y-h-p-w taÂ-t\-m-«-h-p-w

D-d-¸-p-h-c-p-¯-p-I-b-p-w

� Cu B-I-v-S-n-se h-I-p-¸-v 19sâ

D-]-h-I-p-¸- v (2) {]-I-m-c-w k-w-

Ø-m-\-s¯ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-sS

d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-v \-nÀ-±-n-j-v-S-c-o-X-n-b-n-e-p-w

\-n-Ý-n-X C-S-th-f-I-f-n-e-p-w X-¿-m-

d-m-¡-n Ø-n-X-n-h-n-h-c d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-n-

t\-m-sS-m-¸-w k-w-Ø-m-\-kÀ-¡-m-

c-n-\-v k-aÀ-̧ -n-¡-p-I-b-p-w sN-t¿|-

X-m-W-v.

P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ/A-U-o-j-WÂ P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ (h-I-p-¸-v 6)

h-I-p -¸- v 6(1) {]-I-m-c-w k-w-

Ø-m-\ kÀ-¡-mÀ H-m-tc-m d-h-\-y-q

P-n-Ã-¡-p-w P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-m-sc-b-p-w

B-h-i-y-a-m-b A-U-o-j-WÂ P-n-Ã-m

c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-m-sc-b-p-w \-n-b-a-n-¡-p-¶-p.

P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ GÂ-¸-n-¡-p-¶

D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-Xz-§Ä A-t±-l-¯-n-sâ

\-n-b-{´-W-¯-n-\-p-w \-nÀ-t±-i-§Ä-

¡-p-w h-n-t[-b-a-m-b-n A-U-o-j-WÂ

P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ k-a-b-m-k-a-b-§-

f-nÂ \-nÀ-h-l-n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

N-p-a-X-e-IÄCu B-I-v-S-n-sâ h-I-p-¸-v 6(2)

{]-I-m-c-w P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v-{S-m-Àa-m-c-p-w

A-U-o-j-WÂ P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-m-

c-p-w X-m-sg ]-d-b-p-¶ D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-Xz-

§Ä \-nÀ-h-l-n-t¡|-X-p|-v.

� N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-m-d-p-sS \-nÀ-t±-i-

§Ä-¡-v h-n-t[-b-a-m-b-n P-n-Ãb-n-se

P-\-\-a-c-W c-P-n-k-v-t{S-j-\-p-I-f-p-

sS ta-Â-t\-m-«-w.

� Cu B-I-v-S-n-sâ h-y-h-Ø-IÄ-¡-

\-p-k-r-X-a-m-b-n P-n-Ã-b-n-se P-\-\-a-

c-W c-P-n-k-v-t{S-j-\-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-

s¸-« I-m-c-y-§Ä \-nÀ-h-l-n-¡-m-

\-p-w N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ k-a-b-m-

k-a-b-§-f-nÂ ]-p-d-s¸-S-p-h-n-¡-p-¶

D-¯-c-h-p-IÄ \-S-¸-m-¡-m-\-p-a-p-f-f

D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-Xz-w.

P-n-Ã-m c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ/A-U-o-j-

WÂ P-n-Ã-m c-P-n -k-v -{S-mÀ X-m-sg

]-d-b-p-¶ N-p-a-X-e-IÄ I-q-S-n \-nÀ-h-

l-n-t¡|-X-p|-v:

� c-P-n -k-v -t{S-j³ H-m-^-o-k-p-IÄ

k-µÀ-i-n-¨-v A-h-n-sS k-q-£-n-¨-n-«-p-

f-f d-n-¡-m-U-p-I-f-p-sS ]-c-n-ti-m-[-\.

� c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-mÀ-¡-v b-Y-m-k-a-b-w

B-h-i-y-a-m-b t\-X-r-Xz-h-p-w \-nÀ-

t±-i-§-f-p-w \-Â-I-p-I.

� c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-mÀ-¡-v th|-n B-\-p-

I-m-e-n-I ]-c-n-i-o-e-\-]-c-n-]-m-S-n-IÄ

B-k-q-{X-W-w sN-¿-p-I.

� c-P-n -k- v -{S-mÀ H-m-^-o-k-p -I-f-nÂ

\-n-¶-v Hu-tZ-y-m-K-n-I d-n-t -̧mÀ-«-p-IÄ

b-Y-m-k-a-b-w k-w-Ø-m-\ B-Ø-m-

\-¯-v e-`-n-¡-p-¶-p-sh -¶-v D-d-¸-v

h-c-p-¯-p-I.

� a-n-I-¨ c-o-X-n-b-n-e-p-w ta-m-i-a-m-b

\-n -e -b- n -e -p -w c -P - n -k- v -t{S -j³

\-S-¡-p-¶ {]-tZ-i-§-sf I-s| -

¯-m-\-p-f-f ]T-\-§Ä k-w-L-S-n-

¸-n-¡-p-I.

� h-n-h-c-w \Â-I-m-\-p-f-f h-n-k-½-

X-w, sX-ä-m-b h-n-h-c-w \Â-IÂ,

t]-c-p-tNÀ-¡-p-¶-X-v \-n-c-k-n-¡Â,

Hu-tZ-y-m-K-n-I d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-p-IÄ a-m-

k-w-tX-m-d-p-w A-b-¡-p-¶-X-n-e-p-f-f

h-o-g-v-N F-¶-n-h-b-v-¡-v- ]-n-g N-p-a-

¯-p-I(h-I-p-¸-v 23)

� c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-mÀ k-q-£-n-¨-n-«-p-f-f

c-P-n-Ì-d-p-I-f-p-sS a-ä-v tc-J-I-f-p-

sS-b-p-w k-q-£-n-¸-v, l-m-P-c-m-¡Â,

ssI-a-m-ä-w F-¶-n-h D-d-̧ -p-h-c-p-̄ -p-

I(h-I-p-¸-v 30(2)).

c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ/k-_-v c-P-n-k-v -{S-mÀ (h-I-p-¸-v 7)

h-I-p-̧ -v 7(1) {]-I-m-c-w a-p³-k-n-]-m-

e-n-ä-n, ]-©-m-b-¯-v A-sÃ-¦-nÂ a-ä-p

X-t±-i-Ø-m-]-\-§Ä F-¶-n-h-b-p-sS

A-[-n-I-m-c-]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ h-c-p-¶ {]-tZ-

i-t¯-¡-m-tb-m A-sÃ-¦-nÂ a-tä-sX-

¦-n-e-p-w {]-tZ-i-t¯-¡-p th|-n-tb-m

A-sÃ-¦-nÂ k-a-m-\-X-b-p-f-f c-t -|m

A-X-n-e-[-n-I-ta-m Ø-m-]-\-§-f-n-te-

¡-p th|-n-tb-m H-c-m-sf c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ

B-b-n k-w-Ø-m-\ kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v \-n-b-

a-n-¡-m-w. a-p³-k-n-]-m-e-n-ä-n, ]-©-m-b-̄ -v

A-sÃ-¦-nÂ a-ä-v X-tZ-i-Ø-m-]-\-w

F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-f-n-se G-sX-¦-n-e-p-w

D-tZymKØ-s\-tb-m A-sÃ-¦-nÂ

a-ä-v P-o-h-\-¡-m-sc-tb-m kÀ-¡-m-c-n-\-v

c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ B-b-n \-n-b-a-n-¡-m-h-p-

¶-X-m-W-v.

h-I-p-¸-v 7(5)sâ h-y-h-Ø-IÄ

{]-I-m-c-w c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-¡-v N-o-^-v c-P-n-

k-v-{S-m-d-p-sS a-p³-I-q-«-n-b-p-f-f A-\-p-a-

X-n-tb-m-sS k-_-v-þ-c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ-a-m-sc

\-n-b-a-n-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-p-w X-sâ ]-c-n-[-n-

b-n-se G-sX-¦-n-e-p-w {]-tZ-i-s¯

A-[-n-I-m-c-§-f-p-w N-p-a-X-e-I-f-p-w ]-qÀ-

®-a-m-tb-m `-m-K-n-I-a-m-tb-m GÂ-¸-n-¨-v

sI-m-S-p-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v.

N-p-a-X-e-IÄ:h-I-p-¸-v 7(2) a-p-XÂ 7(4) h-sc-

b-p-f-f h-y-h-Ø-IÄ {]-I-m-c-w H-m-tc-m

c-P-n-k-v-{S-m-d-p-w k-_-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-m-d-p-w

X-m-sg-¸-d-b-p-¶ I-m-c-y-§Ä \-nÀ-h-

l-n-t¡|-X-p|-v.

� ^-o-tk-m {]-X-n-^-e-ta-m I-q-S-m-sX

h-I-p-¸-v 8 A-sÃ-¦-nÂ h-I-p-¸-v 9

{]-I-m-c-w e-`-n-¡-p-¶ F-Ã-m h-n-h-

c-§-f-p-w c-P-n-Ì-d-nÂ tc-J-s¸-S-p-

t¯|-X-m-W-v. X-sâ ]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ

\-S-¡-p-¶ F-Ã-m P-\-\-§-sf-b-p-w

a-c-W-§-sf-b-p -w k-w-_-Ô-n-¨

h-n-h-c-§-f-p-sS e-`-y-X D d-¸-p-h-

c-p-¯-p-I-b-p-w A-h c-P-n-Ì-d-nÂ

DÄ-sI-m-f-f-n-̈ -n-«-p-s| -¶-v t_-m-²-y-

s¸-tS-|-X-p-a-m-W-v.

� X-m³ \-n-b-a-n -¡-s¸-«-n -c-n -¡-p-¶

{]-tZ-i-¯-v H-c-p H-m-^-o-k-v D-|-m-

b-n-c-n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

� N-o-^-v c-P-n-k-v-{S-mÀ \-nÀ-t±-i-n-¨-n-«-p-

f-f Z-n-hk-§-f-n-e-p-w k-a-b-§-f-n-

e-p-w P-\-\-þ-a-c-W c-P-n-k-v-t{S-j-\-p

th|-n H-m-^-o-k-nÂ l-m-P-c-m-

tI|-X-m-W-v. H-m-^-o-k-n-\-p a-p³-

`-m-K-s¯ h-m-X-n-e-n -te-m A-X-n-

\-p-k-a-o-]-ta-m {i-²-n-¡-s¸-S-p-¶

Ø-e-t -̄m {]-m-tZ-i-n-I-̀ -m-j-b-nÂ

D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-sâ t]-c-v, P-\-\-a-c-W

c-P-n-k-v -{S-m-d-m-b-n \-n-b-a-n-¡-s¸-«

{]-tZ-i-̄ -n-sâ t]-c-v, H-m-̂ -o-k-nÂ

l-m-P-c-m-I-p-¶ Z-n-h-k-§Ä, k-a-

b-w F-g-p-X-n sh-b-v-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(Ah-ew-_w: 2012 se C-´y-bn-se kn-hnÂ c-kn-kv-t{S-j³

A-[n-Im-cn-IÄ-¡p-Å ]-cn-io-e-\ am-\zÂ)


]-I-c-w h-b-v-¡-m-\-n-Ã-m-̄ te-m-I

I-m-b-n-I a-m-a-m-¦-a-m-b H-f-n -w-]-n-I-v -

k-n-sâ 31-m-w ]-X-n-¸-n-\-v C-¯-h-W

X-n-c-n-sX-f-n-ª-X-v ssP-h-ssh-h-n-[-y-

§-f-p-sS I-e-h-d-b-m-b {_-k-o-e-n-se

d-n-tb-m-U-n-P-\-o-td-m-b-n-e-m-W-v. 207

c-m-P-y-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-v 11303 t]-c-m-W-v

28 I-m-b-n-I C-\-§-f-n-Â C-¯-h-W

a-m-ä-p-c-¨-X-v .P-m-X-n a-X hÀ-® hÀ-¤

h-y-X-y-m-k-a-n-Ã-m-sX h-n-h-n-[ k-w-k-v-

I-m-c-§Ä H-c-p I-p-S-I-o-g-nÂ H-sc-m-ä

a-\-Ê-p-w sa-¿-p-a-m-b-n a-m-d-p-¶ C-{µ-P-m-

e-w;A-X-v H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-v F-¶ I-m-b-n-I

h-n-c-p-¶-n-\-v a-m-{X-w kz-´-w.- te-m-I-

c-m-P-y-§Ä X-½-n-e-p-Å ku-l-r-Z-

¯-n-sâ-b-p-w k-l-I-c-W-¯-n-sâ-b-p-w

H-c-p N-p-c-p-s¡-g-p-¯-m-W-v H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-

k-v.- A-©-v `-q-J-W-v-U-§Ä H-¶-m-b-n

X-o-c-p-¶ h-n-k-v-a-b-I-m-g-v-¨.- B-[-p-\-n-I

H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-sâ N-c-n-{X-¯-n-e-m-Z-y-

a-m-b-n-«-m-W-v H-c-p e-m-ä-n-\-ta-c-n-¡³

c-m-P-y-w I-m-b-n-I-a-m-a-m-¦-¯-n-\-v B-X-n-

tY-b-Xz-w h-l-n-¡-p-¶-X-v-. c-m-j-v-{S-o-b

k-m-¼-¯-n-I {]-X-n-k-Ô-n-b-nÂ-s¸-

«-p-g-e-p-¶ {_-k-o-e-n-\-v ta-f k-w-L-

S-n -¸-n -¡-m³ k-m-[-n -¡-p-ta-m F-¶

tN-m-Z-y-§Ä D-bÀ-s¶-¦-n -e-p -w 19

Z-n-h-k-w \-o|-v \-n-¶ ta-f {]u-tU-m-

Öz-e-a-m-b-n k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ

k-w-L-m-S-IÀ h-n-P-b-n-¨-p.

sa-UÂ t\-S-p-¶-X-n-t\-¡-m-f-p-

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¡-p-I F-¶-X-m-W-v-v H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-sâ

A-´-k-¯. -]-s¦-S-p-¡-p-¶ F-Ã-m-

h-c-p-w H-f-n-w-]-y³-a-m-c-m-W-v F-¶-X-m-

W-v H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-sâ k-h-n-ti-j-X.

H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-sâ A-´-k-¯-b-v-¡-v

b-m-sX-m-c-p-h-n-[-̄ -n-e-p-Å A-te-m-c-k-

a-p|-m-¡-m-sX hÀ-j-§-f-m-b-n aÂ-k-

c-§-f-nÂ ]-s¦-S-p-¡-p-¶ c-m-P-y-a-m-W-v

\-½-p-sS-X-v.- C-´-y-b-nÂ \-n-¶-v 124t]-

c-m-W-v C-¯-h-W H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-\-v

tb-m-K-y-X t\-S-n-b-X-v. B-Z-y-a-m-b-n-«-m-

W-v C-´-y-b-nÂ \-n-¶-v C-{X-b-[-n-I-w

t]À tb-m-K-y-X t\-S-p-¶-X-v F-¶

{]-tX-y-I-X-b-p|-v.- F-¶-mÂ ]-¦-m-f-n-

¯-¯-n-\-\-p-k-c-n-¨-v \-a-p-¡-v aÂ-k-

c-§-f-nÂ sa-UÂ t\-S-m-\-m-b-n-Ã

F-¶-X-v H-c-p \-y-p-\-X-b-m-b-n \-n-e-

\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p.{S-m-¡-v Aâ-v ^-oÂ-U-n-

e-p-w,-sK-b-n-w-k-v C-\-§-f-n-e-p-w \-½-p-sS

{]-I-S-\-w A-X-n Z-b-\-o-b-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

C-´-y³ I-m-b-n-I X-m-c-§Ä tZ-i-o-b

X-e-¯-nÂ ]-p-eÀ-¯-p-¶ a-n-I-h-p-w,-

DuÀ-Ö-h-p-w,-N-S-p-e-X-b-p-w A-´-m-c-m-

j-v-{S I-m-b-n-I th-Z-n-I-f-nÂ {]-I-S-a-m-

¡-m³ k-m-[-n-¡-p-¶-n-Ã F-¶-X-v N-c-n-

{X h-k-v-X-p-X-b-m-W-v. sa-UÂ t\-S-m³

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\-½-p-sS c-m-P-y-w ]-c-m-P-b-s¸-«-X-n-sâ

D-̄ -c-h-m-Z-n-Xz-w I-m-b-n-I-X-m-c-§-f-p-sS

d‑n‑tb‑m@2016 Pn.sI



X-e-b-nÂ a-m-{X-w sI-«-n-h-b-v-¡-p-¶-

X-p-w- i-c-n-b-Ã. H-c-p c-m-P-y-s¯ I-m-b-n-

I-X-m-c-§-sf h-mÀ-s -̄S-p-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ

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A-[-n-I-m-c-n-IÄ-¡-p-w h-e-n-b ]-¦-v

h-l-n-t¡|-X-m-b-n-«-p|-v.- k-m-a-q-l-n-I

k-m-¼-¯-n-I N-«-I-q-S-p-IÄ-¡-p-Å-nÂ

H-X-p-t§|-n h-c-p-¶ I-m-b-n-I {]-X-n-

-̀I-sf I-s -| -̄n A-h-c-p-sS ]-c-n-i-o-

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W-n-b-n-te-¡-v ssI-]-n-S-n-̈ -p-bÀ-t¯|

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tZ-i c-m-P-y-§-f-nÂ k-v-I-qÄ ]-mT-y

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[-m-\ ]-mT-y-h-n-j-b-a-m-W-v.- A-¡-m-Z-

a-n-¡-v X-e-§-f-nÂ k-v-t]-mÀ-S-v-k-n-\-v

th|-{X {]-m-[-m-\-y-w H-c-p I-m-e-

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F-§-s\ D-b-c-§Ä I-o-g-S-¡-m-w

F-¶-X-n-sâ D-¯-a Z-r-j-v-S-m-´-a-m-W-v

\-½-p-sS A-bÂ c-m-P-y-a-m-b ssN-\.

sa-UÂ ]-«-n-I-b-p-sS ]-n-¶-m-¼-p-d-§-

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F-§-s\-b-m-W-v I-m-b-n-I-c-w-K-¯-v

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sS k-v-t]-mÀ-S-v-k-v a-{´-m-e-b-¯-n-sâ

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H-c-p `-c-W-I-q-S-¯-n-sâ IÀ-¯-h-y-w.

I-m-b-n-I k-w-k-v-I-m-c-w sN-d-p-¸-I-m-e-w

a-p-XÂ h-fÀ-¯-n-sb-S-p-¡-m³ th|

\-S-]-S-n-IÄ kz-o-I-c-n-¡-m-¯ ]-£-w,

I-m-b-n-I-ta-f-I-f-nÂ a-ä-v c-m-P-y-§-

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\-n-h-r-¯-n-b-p-Å-p.- aÂ-k-c-m-[-n-j-vT-n-X-

a-m-b h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k h-n-]-W-n-b-n-te-¡-v

tU-m-I-v-S-d-p-w,- F-©-n-\-o-b-d-p-w,- _-n-k-n-

\-Ê-v A-U-v-a-n-\-n-k-v-t{S-äÀ-a-m-c-m-¡-m³

a-¡-sf D-´-n-X-Å-n h-n-S-p-¶ a-m-X-m-]-n-

X-m-¡Ä DÄ-sI-m-Å-p-¶ c-m-P-y-w 2 sa-

U-e-p-I-f-nÂ H-X-p-§-n-b-X-nÂ A-Û-p-

X-a-n-Ã. te-m-I P-\-k-w-J-y-b-nÂ 2-m-w

Ø-m-\-¯-v \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ \-½-p-sS

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67-m-a-s¯ ]-S-n-b-n-e-m-W-v.- \-q-ä-n a-p-

¸-X-v tI-m-S-n P-\-§-f-p-sS sa-UÂ

kz-]-v-\-§Ä-¡-v N-n-d-I-v a-p-f-¸-n-¨ ]-n.-

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ss^-\-e-nÂ Z-o-]-I-a-mÀ-¡À F-¯-n-b-X-nÂ \-a-p-¡-v A-`-n-a-m-\-n-¡-m-w.-h-o-S-n-sâ

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k-a-p-l-¯-nÂ D-bÀ-¶-v h-tc| I-m-e-w A-X-n-{I-a-n-¨-p.- ]-n.h-n k-n-Ô-p F-¶

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70 hÀ-v-j-w X-n-I-b-p-¶ Cu th-f-b-nÂ C-´-y³ k-m-a-q-l-y-m-h-Ø-b-p-sS P-oÀ-

®-X-b-n-te-¡-m-W-v C-X-v h-n-cÂ N-q|-p-¶-X-v.

{S-m-¡-n-Â H-c-p sI-m-Å-n-b-m³ I-W-s¡ I-¯-n-]-S-c-p-¶ D-ssk³-t_-mÄ-

«-v ,\-o-´Â I-p-f-¯-n-se c-m-P-I-p-a-m-c³ ssa-¡Â s^Â-]-v-k-v, D-b-c-§-f-p-sS

c-m-P-I-p-a-m-c-n C-k³ _-tb-m-h (C-¯-h-W h-n-e-¡-n-s\ X-p-SÀ-¶-v ]-s¦-S-p-¯-n-

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£-y-w h-l-n-¨-p. Cu C-X-n-l-m-k-§-f-p-sS ]-S-n-b-n-d-¡-w I-m-b-n-I-te-m-I-¯-n-\-v

X-o-c-m \-j-v-S-a-m-W-v.

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k-n-\-p-w X-n-c-È-o-e h-o-g-p-¶-X-v. 2020se H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-\-v th-Z-n-b-m-I-p-¶-X-v P-¸-m-

sâ X-e-v-k-Y-m-\-a-m-b tS-m-tI-y-m \-K-c-¯-n-e-m-W-v. ]-p-X-n-b Z-q-c-h-p-w, -]-p-X-n-b

th-K-h-p-w,-]-p-X-n-b D-b-c-h-p-w I-o-g-S-¡-m-\-p-Å I-m-¯-n-c-n-¸-m-W-v C-\-n-b-p-Å 4

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[-\³-a-m-c-p-sS ]-n³-K-m-a-n-IÄ-¡-m-b-p-Å I-m-¯-n-c-n-¸-v.- k-q-c-y-\-k-v-X-a-n-¡-m-¯

k-m-{a-m-P-y-s¯ k-l-\-¯-n-e-q-sS A-S-n-b-d-h-v ]-d-b-n-¨ \-½-p-sS c-m-P-y-w, A-i-m-

´-]-c-n-{i-a-¯-n-e-q-sS, X-o-£-W-X-b-mÀ-¶ t]-m-c-m-«-¯-n-e-q-sS,IT-n-\-m-²z-m-\-

¯-n-e-q-sS H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-sâ s\-d-p-I-b-nÂ F-¯-n-tN-c-p-sa-¶-v {]-X-y-m-i-n-¡-m-w.

P-m-X-n-þ-a-X-þ-h-w-i-o-b þ-hÀ-¤-o-b h-n-th-N-\-§-f-mÂ te-m-I c-m-P-y-§Ä X-oÀ-

¡-p-¶ h-n-tZz-j-¯-n-sâ th-e-n-s¡-«-p-I-sf a-m-\-h-n-I-X-b-p-sS k-tµ-i-¯-mÂ

\-n-j-v-{]-̀ -a-m-¡-p-I-sb-¶-X-m-W-v H-f-n-w-]-n-I-v-k-n-sâ N-c-n-{X-\-n-tb-m-K-w. B \-n-tb-m-

K-w I-m-e-§-tf-m-f-w X-p-S-c-p-I X-s¶ sN-¿pw.



H-mÀ-½-s -̧̈ -nÂ H-f-n-ª-n-c-n-¡-p-¶

H-f-n-a-n-¶-p-¶ a-[-p-c-n-¡-p-¶ H-̄ -n-c-n H-mÀ-

½-IÄ ]-g-a-¡-mÀ-¡-p|-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w.

B H-mÀ-½-I-f-nÂ H-«-p-w A-{]-[-m-\-a-Ã

H-m-W-s¯-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å-h.- P-m-X-n-a-X

t`-Z-a-n-Ã-m-sX tI-c-f-o-b-c-m-I-a-m-\-w

B-tL-m-j-n-¨-p-h-c-p-¶ H-¶-m-W-v H-m-

W-w.- F-́ -n-e-p-w G-X-n-e-p-w P-m-X-n-b-p-w

a-X-h-p-w I-s -| -̄m-\-p-w B-N-m-c-§-f-n-

e-p-w h-n-iz-m-k-§-f-n-e-p-w B-tL-m-j-§-

f-n-e-p-sa-m-s¡ N-c-n-{X-̄ -n-sâ ta-s¼-m-S-n

tNÀ-̄ -v A-h X-§-f-p-sS-X-m-sW-¶-v

h-c-p-̄ -n-X-oÀ-¡-m³ ]-e-c-p-w {i-a-n-¡-m-

d-p|-v.- F-¶-mÂ H-m-W-w tI-c-f-̄ -n-sâ

tZ-i-o-tb-mÂ-k-h-a-m-W-v.- H-m-W-s -̧̄ -ä-n

\-n-c-h-[-n sF-X-n-l-y-§-f-p|-v.- sF-X-n-

l-y-§Ä tI-«-v-tIÄ-h-n-I-f-m-W-v.- X-e-a-p-d-

I-f-m-b-n h-m-b-v-sa-m-g-n-I-f-n-e-q-sS ]-IÀ-¶-p

I-n-«-n-b A-̄ -c-w I-Y-IÄ-¡-v ]-e-t -̧m-

g-p-w N-c-n-{X-h-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-a-p|-m-b-n-c-n-

¡-p-w.- H-m-W-̄ -n-\-v a-l-m-_-e-n-b-p-a-m-b-n

_-Ô-s -̧« sF-X-n-l-y-a-m-W-v {]-[-m-\-a-m-

b-p-Å-X-v. Cu sF-X-n-l-y-w ssh-c-p-²-y-

§Ä \-n-d-ª-X-m-W-v.- h-n-j-v-W-p-h-n-sâ

A-©-m-a-s¯ A-h-X-m-c-a-m-b h-m-a-\³,-

{]-P-m-t£-a-XÂ-]-c-\-m-b-n tI-c-f-w ̀ -c-n-

-̈n-c-p-¶ a-l-m-_-e-n-sb N-X-n-{]-tb-m-K-

-̄n-e-q-sS Ø-m-\-{ -̀j-v-S-\-m-¡-n-b-X-m-W-v

h-m-a-\-m-h-X-m-c-w F-¶ ]-p-c-m-W-I-Y.

h-n-j--vW-p-h-n-sâ A-©-m-w A-h-X-m-

c-I-m-e-̄ -v a-l-m-_-e-n tI-c-f-w ̀ -c-n-̈ -n-c-p-

¶-X-m-b-n H-c-p I-Y.- B-d-m-w A-h-X-m-c-

a-m-b ]-c-p-i-p-c-m-a³ tI-c-f-w k-r-j-v-S-n-̈ -p-

sh-¶-v a-sä-m-c-p sI-«-p-I-Y.- C-sX-§-s\

s]-m-c-p-̄ -s -̧S-p-sa-¶-v k-w-i-b-a-p|-m-

b-mÂ A-X-v \-y-m-b-w.- H-m-W-s -̄¡-p-

d-n-̈ -v a-ä-v N-n-e sF-X-n-l-y-§-f-p-a-p|-v.

_-p-²-a-X-h-p-a-m-b-p-w tN-c-a-m³ s]-c-p-

a-mÄ C-É-m-w a-X-w kz-o-I-c-n-̈ -v sa-¡-

b-n-te-¡-p t]-m-b-X-p-a-m-b-p-w _-Ô-s -̧

«-h-b-m-W-v -H-m-W-s¯-¸-ä-n-b-p-Å a-ä-v

N-n-e sF-X-n-l-y-§Ä . C-sX-m-¶-p-w

N-c-n-{X h-k-v-X-p-X-I-f-Ã.- F-´-m-b-m-

e-p-w H-m-W-w \³-a-b-p-sS DÂ-k-h-a-m-

W-v.- a-m-th-e-n \-m-S-p h-m-W-o-S-p-w I-m-e-w

F-¶ H-m-W-¸-m-«-nÂ h-n-h-c-n-¡-p-¶

tk-m-j-y-e-n-Ì-v ssi-e-n-b-p-Å A-k-p-c-

c-m-P-m-h-m-b a-m-th-e-n-b-p-sS -̀c-W-s¯

A-«-n-a-d-n-̈ -X-m-W-v.- k-m-[-m-c-W P-\-§Ä

C-j-v-S-s -̧S-p-¶-X-v \-Ã -̀c-W-w I-m-g-v-

-̈h-̈ _-e-n-sb-b-m-W-v .- a-l-m-_-e-n

\³-a-b-p-sS {]-X-o-I-a-m-W-v. -H-m-W-sa-¶

H-c-p-a-b-p-sS B-tL-m-j-s¯ DÄ-s¡-m-

Å-m-\-p-w tI-c-f-¯-n-sâ H-c-p-a-b-p-sS

k-w-k-v-I-m-c-s¯ A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¡-m-\-p-w

X-¿-m-d-m-I-p-¶ a-e-b-m-f-n-b-p-sS a-\-Ê-v

Ç-m-L-\-o-b-w X-s¶ .

tI-c-f-o-b-c-p-sS h-n-f-sh-S-p-̧ -p-Õ-h-

a-m-W-v H-m-W-sa-¶-v A-X-n-sâ B-tL-m-

j-c-o-X-n-IÄ {]-I-S-a-m-¡-p-¶-p|-v. -

\-½-p-sS sX-m-g-nÂ ta-J-e-b-nÂ I|-n-

c-p-¶ H-c-p a-l-̄ z-a-p|-v.- sX-m-g-n-e-m-f-n

hÀ-¤ k-w-k-v-I-m-c-w .P-m-X-n-a-X-§Ä-¡-

X-o-X-a-m-b H-c-p-a-b-p-sS k-w-k-v-I-m-c-w.

A-X-v H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-N-S-§-p-I-f-nÂ

I-s|- -̄ -m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.-H-m-W-̄ -n-sâ

B-tL-m-j ssh-h-n-[-y-§-f-nÂ Cu

H-c-p-a a-p-́ -n \-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p|-v. -A-̄ -

-̧p-¡-f-w, H-m-W-k-Z-y-,H-m-W-¡-f-n-IÄ,

H-m-W-̧ -m-«-p-IÄ X-p-S-§-n F-Ã-m-̄ -n-e-p-w

H-c-p-a-b-p-sS X-\-n-a \-n-g-e-n-¡-p-¶-p|-v.- I-p-

«-n-IÄ ]-q-¡-f-a-n-S-m-\-p-f-f ]-q-]-d-n-¡-m-

\-m-b-n I-m-S-p-w ta-S-p-w X-m|-n-b-n-c-p-¶

H-c-p \-Ã-I-m-e-w \-a-p-¡-p|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.-

A-t¸-m-g-s¯ BÀ-¸-p-h-n-f-n-I-f-n-e-p-w

]-q-h-n-f-n-I-f-n-e-p-a-p-f-f X-m-f-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w

i-_-v-Z-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w H-c-p-a-b-nÂ P-m-X-n-b-n-

Ã,-a-X-a-n-Ã.-a-\-Ê-n-sâ H-c-p-a-b-m-W-h-n-sS

{]-I-S-w.

]-e \-n-d-̄ -n-e-p-w ,-a-W-̄ -n-e-p-w,

B-I-r-X-n-b-n-e-p-w ,h-e-p-̧ -̄ -n-e-p-a-p-Å

]-q-¡-f-p-sS H-c-p-a ,A-X-n-S-p-¶-h-c-p-sS

H-c-p-a H-s¡-̄ -s¶ k-v-t\-l-̄ -n-sâ-

b-p-w ku-µ-c-y-¯-n-sâ-b-p-w sF-I-y-

¯-n-sâ-b-p-w k-l-I-c-W-¯-nâ-b-p-w

a-l-̄ -m-b k-tµ-i-a-m-W-v h-n-f-w-_-c-w

sN-¿-p-¶-X-v.- ]-q-¡-f-nÂ l-n-µ-p-h-p-w

C-É-m-a-p-w,-{I-n-k-v-X-y-m-\-n-b-p-a-Ã .]-q-¡-

f-p-sS B H-c-p-a a-\-p-j-y-sâ H-c-p-a-b-v-

¡-p-Å N-q|-p-]-e-I-b-m-W-v. I-b-v-̧ -p-w

]-p-f-n-̧ -p-w F-c-n-h-p-w a-[-p-c-h-p-a-p-Å ]-e

\-n-d-̄ -n-e-p-Å I-d-n-I-f-pÄ-s -̧« H-m-W-

k-Z-y-b-n-e-p-w H-c-p-a-b-p-sS k-tµ-i-a-p|-v.-

\-m-\-m-Xz-̄ -n-se G-I-Xz-a-p|-X-nÂ.

ssh-c-p-²-y-̄ -n-se G-I-Xz-h-p-w.A-h-n-

sS-b-p-a-n-Ã P-m-X-n-b-p-w a-X-h-p-w.I-p-«-n-I-f-p-w

a-p-X-nÀ-¶-h-c-p-w k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-w ]-p-c-p-j³-

a-m-c-p-w DÂ-k-m-l-]-qÀ-Æ-w P-m-X-n-¡-p-w

a-X-̄ -n-\-p-w D-]-c-n-b-m-b-n k-v-\-l-̄ -n-

\-p-w k-m-tl-m-Z-c-y-̄ -n-\-p-w a-p³-X-q-¡-w

\Â-I-n \-S-̄ -p-¶ H-m-W-¡-f-n-I-f-n-e-p-w

a-\-p-j-y-P-m-X-n-¡-p \Â-I-p-¶ a-l-

-̄m-b k-tµ-i-w H-c-p-a-b-p-sS-X-m-W-v.- P-m-

X-n-b-p-sS-b-p-w a-X-̄ -n-sâ-X-p-a-Ã.H-m-W-w

tI-c-f-o-b P-\-X-sb H-c-p-a-n-̧ -n-¡-p-¶

H-c-m-tL-m-j-a-m-W-v,B H-c-p-a X-IÀ-

¡-m³ a-X-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w P-m-X-n-b-p-sS-b-p-w

h-n-iz-m-k-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w t]-c-nÂ h-c-p-¶-

h-sc \³-a-b-p-sS ]-m-X-b-n-te-¡-v I-q-«-n-

sI-m|-p-t]-m-I-m³ \-½-sf {]-m-]-v-X-c-m-

¡-p-¶ h-k-t -́mÂ-k-h-amWv HmWw.

H‑m‑W‑̄ ‑n‑\‑v P‑m‑X‑n‑b‑n‑Ã a‑X‑h‑p‑a‑n‑Ã

-h-«-¸-d-¼nÂ ]o-Xmw-_-c³



a‑\ws\m‑́ p t]m‑Ip‑¶

a-e-cp-IÄI-c-n-a-m-\-w X-o|-n-b IÀ-¡-n-

S-I-¯-n-\-v b-h-\-n-I h-o-W-v,-N-n-¶-w

]-n-¶-w a-g s]-b-v-X-v N-n-§-w ]-n-d-¶-v

h-o-g-p-t¼-mÄ a-e-b-m-f-n-¡-v a-®-n-e-p-w

a-\-Ê-n-e-p-w k-a-r-²-n-b-p-sS X-n-c-n-\-m-

f-§Ä. I-m-S-p-w \-m-S-p-w h-b-e-p-w h-g-n-

tb-m-c-h-p-w I-p-f-h-p-w I-f-h-p-w A-I-h-p-w

]-p-d-h-p-w H-m-W-¸-p-¡-W-n-sb-m-c-p-¡-n

{X-k-n-¨-v \-nÂ-¡-p-t¼-mÄ kz-]-v-\-§-

f-n-Ã-m-sX C-S-p-§-n-b K-p-U-n-I-f-nÂ

\-c-I b-m-X-\ A-\-p-`-h-n-¡-p-I-b-m-

W-v I-¶-U X-a-n-g-v-\-m-S-v A-X-nÀ-¯-n

]-¦-n-S-p-¶ K-p|Â-t]-«-b-n-se IÀ-

j-IÀ.- sN-¼-«-W-n-ª sN|-p-a-Ã-n

]-q-¸-m-S-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w,kzÀ-®-w

]-q-i-n-b k-q-c-y-I-m-´-n-¸-m-S-§-f-nÂ

\-n-¶-p-w I-c-mÀ {]-I-m-c-w H-c-p I-n-

te-m-b-v-¡-v a-q-¶-v c-q-]-b-v-¡-v A-hÀ-v

I-¼-\-n-¡-v ]-q-h-v sI-m-S-p-¡-p-¶-p.- C-S-

th-f-b-v-¡-p-ti-j-a-p-Å ]-¨-¡-d-n-I-r-

j-n sN-¿-p-t¼-mÄ IÀ-j-IÀ-¡-v H-c-p

I-n-te-m-b-v-¡-v ]-c-a-m-h-[-n e-̀ -n-¡-p-¶-X-v

A-©-v c-q-]-b-p-w .X-a-n-g-v-\-m-«-n-se tX-m-

h-m-f-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w ]-p-j-v-]-a-R-v-P-c-n-

sb-¯-p-t¼-mÄ A-²z-m-\-¯-n-e-p-w

N-q-j-W-¯-n-e-p-w a-n-g-n-\-o-c-p-¸-ä-n-b

a-®-n-sâ a-¡-sf \-m-w ku-I-c-y-]-qÀ-

Æ-w h-n-k-v-a-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v.

a-q-¶-v ]-q-¡-m-e-§-f-mÂ k-¼-

¶-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶ \-½-p-sS k-w-Ø-m-\-w.

C-S-h-¸-m-X-n I-g-n-b-p-¶-tX-m-sS ]-p-j-v-

]-n-¡-p-¶ sN-d-p-k-k-y-§-f-p-w a-c-p-¶-v

sN-S-n-I-f-p-w.-C-h-b-m-W-v H-m-W-¸-q-¡-f-

¯-n-sâ Du-S-p-w ]-m-h-p-w.-I-p-d-d-n sN-S-n-

I-f-p-sS k-p-a hÀ-j-w X-p-e-m-a-g-b-p-sS

]-c-n-k-a-m-]-v-X-n-b-nÂ.-{K-o-j-v-a-Pz-m-e-I-

f-p-sS s]-m-Å-te-ä-m-W-v h-r-£-§Ä/

h³-a-c-§Ä ]-q-¡-p-S N-q-S-p-¶-X-v.-{]-

I-r-X-n-b-p-sS ssP-h k-¼-¯-v ]-qÀ-

®-h-p-w k-´-p-e-n-X-h-p-a-m-I-p-¶ {]-k-v-

X-p-X {]-]-©-w tX-ª-p a-m-ª-p

t]-m-b-sX-§-s\? a-®-I-§-f-nÂ

a-\-w s\-m-´-p t]-m-I-p-¶ a-e-c-p-IÄ

h-n.sI {i-o-[-c³

hn.sI. {io-[c³


k-a-m-[-n-b-p-sS h-n-̄ -p-IÄ /sN-S-n-IÄ

B|-n-se-m-c-n-¡Â a-n-g-n X-p-d-¡-p-¶-

X-m-W-v a-m-th-e-n-b-p-sS {]-X-y-m-K-a-\

]-p-c-m-h-r-¯-sa-¶-v tU-m.-]-n. -c-R-v -

P-n-¯-v ]-d-b-p-¶-p|-v(a-e-b-m-f-n-b-p-sS

`-p-X-I-m-e-w,-I-dâ-v _-p-I-v-k-v)-H-m-W-w

\³-a-b-p-sS k-v-a-r-X-n-b-p-WÀ-¯-e-p-w

\-j-v-S-a-q-e-y-§-e-p-sS X-n-c-n-̈ -v ]-n-S-n-¡-e-p-w

I-q-S-n-b-m-W-v.-a-mÀ-¡-tä-m-W-̄ -n-sâ \-o-c-m-

f-n ]-n-S-p-̄ -̄ -nÂ \-n-¶-p-w h-n-a-p-à-c-m-

h-m³,-̀ -£-y kz-b-w ]-c-y-m-]-v-X-X-b-p-sS

c-Y-ta-d-n,-\-m-«-p-]-q-¡-f-p-sS \-d-p-a-W-w

tX-S-n,-{]-I-r-X-n-b-p-sS a-S-n-̄ -«-nÂ \-a-p-¡-v

h-n-e-b-w {]-m-]-n-¡-m-w.

sX-t¡-¡-c h-S-t¡-¡-c

I-®-m-´-f-n a-p-ä-s¯-m-c-p

X-p-¼ a-p-f-¨-p

X-p-¼-I-p-S-¯-n-se-m-c-m-e-p a-p-f-¨-p

B-e-n-sâ s]-m-̄ -n-se-m-c-p-®-n ]-n-d-¶-p

D-®-n-¡-p sI-m-«-m-\-p-w ]-m-S-m-\-p-w

]-d-b-p-w ]-d-t¡-m-e-p-w X-p-S-n-b-p-w

X-p-S-n-t¡-m-e-p-w

I-q-sS-¸-n-d-¶ I-p-S-a-p-Ã-¸-p-th

]-q-th s]-m-e-n.. ]q--th s]-m-e-n-..

]q--th s]-m-e-n-...

Du-\-w X-«-m-¯ h-«-b-n-e-b-p-w

tX-¡-n-e-b-p-sa-S-p -¯-v CuÀ-¡-nÂ

sI-m|-v X-p-¶-n-b-p|-m-¡-p-¶ tI-m-

«-m-f-§-f-nÂ \-d-p-a-e-c-p-IÄ ti-J-c-n-

¡-p-¶ I-p-«-n-IÄ C-¶-v \-m-«-p-¼-p-d-§-

f-nÂ t]-m-e-p-a-n-Ã.-s]-m-´-I-m-S-p-I-f-p-w,

I-p-ä-n-¡-m-S-p-I-f-p-w \-oÀ-¯-S-§-f-p-w,

I-p-¶-p-I-f-p-w, ]-m-S-ti-J-c-§-f-p-w tj-m-

¸-n-w-K-v a-m-f-p-I-f-p-w d-n-tk-mÀ-«-p-I-f-p-a-m-

I-p-t¼-mÄ ]-m-X-tb-m-c-¯-p \-n-¶-p-w

h-b-e-n-d-¼-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w tX-m-S-p-I-f-nÂ

\-n-¶-p-sa-m-s¡ I-f-IÄ sh-«-n-a-m-ä-n

ku-µ-c-y-hÂ-I-c-W-w \-S-̄ -p-t¼-mÄ

\-m-a-d-n-b-m-sX h-w-i-\-m-i-¯-n-te-¡-v

I-q-¸-v-I-p-¯-p-¶-X-v k-]-p-j-v-]-n-I-f-m-b

I-p-tª-m-a-\-I-f-p-sS ku-c-`-y-h-p-w

Hu-j-[-a-q-e-y-§-f-p-w a-m-{X-a-Ã {]-I-r-

X-n-c-m-K-¯-n-sâ k-q-£-a-X-{´-n-IÄ

a-o-«-p-¶ ]-q-¯-p-¼-n-I-f-p-w tX-\-o-¨-

I-f-p-w j-U-v -]-Z-§-f-p-w sN-d-p-{]-m-

W-n-I-f-p-w I-n-f-n-I-f-p-sa-m-s¡-b-m-W-v.-

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tf-b-p-w t\-m-¡-p-h-m³ k-a-b-h-p-w

{i-²-b-p-a-n-Ã F-¶-X-m-W-v ]-p-X-p-X-e-

a-p-d-b-p-sS i-m-]-w.

I-m-a-tZ-h-sâ a-eÀ-i-c-§Ä

h-c-¨-v IÀ-¡-n-S-I-¯-n-e-p-w h-n-ti-j-

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a-W-n-b³,-a-ª-I-m-´-w A-§-s\-b-

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h-¸-v,-I-¼-f-w h-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ B-¼-e-p-w

X-m-a-c-b-p-w,- i-p-{` h-k-v-{X-a-W-n-ª-v-v

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c-p-§-p-¶-p.

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´-w sN-m-c-n -ª-v I-m-¡-¸-p -¡Ä,

k-]-v-X hÀ-®-§-f-p-X-nÀ-¯-v sN-¯-n,-

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A-k-w-J-y-w C-e-¨-mÀ-¯-p-I-f-p-w. Cu

ssh-h-n -[-y -§-f-q -w, -ssh-]-p -e-y -§-

f-p-w I-m-W-m-sX-b-p-w _-e-n-I-g-n-¨-p-w

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b-n ]-W-w h-m-c-n-sb-d-n-b-p-¶-X-v

A-¯-w sX-m-«-v X-n-c-p-th-m-W-w

h-sc-b-p-w ,H-m-W-w I-g-n-ª-mÂ a-I-w

h-sc-b-p-w A-¦-W-w ]-p-j-v -]-m-e-w-

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ª-p-w a-p-f Cu-ä-b-p-sS I-p-«-I-f-p-a-m-

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\-n-d-b-p-w ]-p-¯-c-n-b-p-sa-m-s¡-b-m-b-n

\-n-d-ª-p X-p-f-p-¼-p-¶ B-N-m-c-§-f-n-

e-p-w A-\-p-j-vT-m-\-§-f-n-e-p-w B-tL-m-

j-§-f-n-e-p-w b-Y-mÀ-° k-¯-b-p-w

B-\-µ-h-p-w I-s| -¯-p-I.-a-®-nÂ

X-c-p-e-X-I-f-p-sS ]-q-¯-m-e-w, a-m-\-

¯-v X-m-c-§-f-p-sS \-n-d-§-f-p-w,-a-\-

Ê-nÂ k-´-p-j-v -S-n-b-p-sS ]-q-¡-f-w;

a-p -ä-¯-v _-m-e-y-Iu-a-m-c-§-f-p -sS

\-n-d-h-v .H-mÀ-½-I-f-p-sS X-m-g-v-h-c-IÄ

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\-m-S-p-\-o-§-p-¶ \-m-«-p-¸-p-¡Ä \-«-p-h-

fÀ-¯-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w X-n-c-n-¨-d-n-b-p-¶-X-n-

\-p-w ]-c-n-e-m-f-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w \-a-p-¡-v

Z-r-V-\-n-Ý-b-w sN-¿-m-w.


C-Z-w-{]-Y-a-a-m-b-n k-w-Ø-m-\-̄ -n-

\-p X-s¶ t]-m-e-p-w a-m-X-r-I-b-m-b-n

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c-p -h-n -ez-m -a-e, ]-m-ª-mÄ, tN-e-

¡-c, sI-m|-m-g-n,-h-Å-t -̄mÄ \-KÀ

k-n.-U-n.-F-Ê-p-I-f-nÂ \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-n

h-c-p-¶ sPâÀ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf

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X-e-̄ -nÂ k-v-{X-o-IÄ-¡-p-a-m-{X-a-m-b-n

H-c-n-S-w F-¶ \-n-e-b-n-e-p-w X-p-S-¡-w

I-p-d-n-¨ t»-m-¡-v sPâÀ d-n-tk-m-g-v-

k-v skâÀ "\-o-X-n' F-¶ t]-c-nÂ

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c-W S-q-d-n-k-w h-I-p-¸-v a-{´-n {i-o.-

F.-k-n.-sa-m-b-v-X-o³ D-X-v-L-m-S-\-w sN-

b-v-X-p. k-v-X-o-I-f-p-sS k-m-a-q-l-n-I-h-p-w

k-m-¼-̄ -n-I-h-p-w k-m-w-k-v-¡-m-c-n-I-h-p-w

h-y-à-n-]-c-h-p-a-m-b ]-n-t¶-m-¡-m-h-Ø

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I-m-c-y-{]-m-]-v-X-n hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¨-v k-a-q-l-

¯-n-sâ a-p-J-y-[-m-c-b-nÂ F-¯-n-¡-p-

¶-X-n-\-p-Å k-m-l-N-c-y-w H-c-p-¡-p-I

F-¶-X-m-W-v ]-²-X-n-b-p-sS e-£-y-w.

k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS P-n-h-n-X k-m-l-N-

c-y-§-sf kz-́ -w A-\-p-̀ -h-§-f-n-e-q-sS

h-n-i-I-e-\-w sN-b-v-X-v e-n-w-K ]-Z-h-n

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S-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä

B-k-q-{X-W-w sN-b-v-X-v \-S-̧ -n-

e-m-¡-p-I-b-p-w k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS I-m-c-y-

{]-m-]-v-X-n hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å

k-m-l-N-c-y-w H-c-p-¡-n k-v-X-o-I-f-p-sS

k-m-a-q-l-n-I-h-p-w k-m-w-k-v-¡-m-c-n-I-h-p-w

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[-m-c-b-nÂ F-¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-a-m-W-v I-p-S-p-_-{i-o

k-v-{X-o ]-Z-h-n kz-b-w ]T-\ {]-{I-n-b

t{]-m-{K-m-a-p-I-f-n-e-q-sS \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-n

h-c-p-¶-X-v.

P-n-Ã-m-X-e tI-mÀ S-o-w , P-n-Ã-m-

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D-Z-v-L-m-S-\-w sN-b-v-X-p


X-e sPâÀ d-n-tk-m-g-v-k-v t]-g-v-k¬-

a-mÀ P-n-Ã-m X-e-w a-p-XÂ A-bÂ-¡-q-

«-X-e-w h-sc-b-p-f-f k-t -̧mÀ-«-n-§-v S-o-w

A-w-K-§Ä F-¶-n-h-c-S-§-p-¶ sPâÀ

BÀ.]-n k-w-h-n-[-m-\-¯-n-e-q-sS-b-m-W-v

k-v -{X-o-i-m-à-o-I-c-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-

§Ä B-k-q-{X-W-w sN-b-v-X-v \-S-¸-n-

e-m-¡-n h-c-p-¶-X-v.

k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS kz-´-w A-\-p-`-

h-§-f-p-sS A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ X-¿-m-

d-m-¡-n-b ]T-\ k-l-m-b-n -I-f-p -sS

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ A-bÂ-¡-q-« X-e-

¯-nÂ NÀ-¨-IÄ k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-

b-p-w A-`-n-{]-m-b ti-J-c-W-w \-S-¯-p-

I-b-p-w sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-e-q-sS k-v-{X-o-IÄ

kz-´-w P-o-h-n-X k-m-l-N-c-y-§-sf

h-n-aÀ-i-\-m-ß-I-a-m-b-n h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-p-

I-b-p-w sN-¿-p-¶-p.

]-²-X-n {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä � t»-m-¡-v ]-©-m-b-¯-n-sâ ]-c-n-[-n-

¡-p-Å-nÂ k-v-X-o-IÄ-¡-p-w I-p-«-n-

IÄ-¡-p-saX-n-sc A-X-n-{I-a-§Ä

\-S-¡-p-¶-X-m-b-n {i-²-b-nÂ-s¸-

«-mÂ \-o-X-n t»-m-¡-v d-n-tk-m-g-v-k-v

skâ-d-nÂ t\-c-n-t«-m,- t^-m¬

a-p-tJ-\-tb-m _-Ô-s -̧«-v d-n-t -̧mÀ-«-v

sN-¿-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v. P-n-Ã-m sPâÀ

BÀ.-]-n, t»-m-¡-v ]-©-m-b -̄n-sâ

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¡-m-c-n-X-c Ø-m-]-\-§Ä, k-¶-²-

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{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡-v a-p³-ssI

F-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

�k-v-{X-o k-w-c-£-W \-n-b-a-§Ä,

slÂ-¸-v sse³ \-¼-d-p-IÄ a-p-

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C-S-§-f-nÂ t]-m-Ì-d-p-IÄ {]-ZÀ-i-n-

¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

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d-p-¡-p-h-m³ A-hÀ-¡-p th| k-w-

c-£-W-h-p-w, ]-p-\-c-[-n-h-m-k-h-p-w

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X-n-c Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-sS h-n-i-Z-h-n-

h-c-§-f-p-Å I-e|ÀX-¿-m-d-m-¡-n

H-m-tc-m I-p-S-p-w-_-§-f-n-e-p-w F-¯-n-

¡-p-I. Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-sS t]-c-v,

_-Ô-s¸-tS| B-f-n-sâ t]-c-v,

t^-m¬ \-¼À,-slÂ-¸-v -sse³-

\-¼À F-¶-n-h-sb-Ã-m-w C-X-nÂ

DÄ-s¸-S-p-¯-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

� t»-m-¡-v ]-©-m-b-¯-n-se Ø-m-]-

\-§-f-p-w s]-m-X-p C-S-§-f-p-w k-v-{X-o

ku-l-mÀ-±-]-c-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å

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¶-X-n-\-m-h-i-y-a-m-b h-y-à-n-K-X

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¡-p-w. {]-o-a-m-c-n-äÂ Iu¬-k-e-n-w-K-v

tI-m-g-v-k-p-IÄ slÂ-¸-v U-k-v-I-v

h-g-n \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

� sk-a-n-\-m-d-p-IÄ,-i-n-e-v-]-i-m-e-IÄ

: k-v-{X-o-IÄ-¡-p-w Iu-a-m-c-{]-m-b-

¡-m-c-m-b I-p-«-n-IÄ-¡-p-w th|-n

h-n-h-n-[ h-n-j-b-§-f-nÂ sk-a-n-\-m-

d-p-IÄ ,i-n-e-v-]-i-m-e-IÄ F-¶-n-h

k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

� sa-U-n-¡Â I-y-m-¼-v : k-v-{X-o-IÄ-

¡-p th|-n H-c-p sa-U-n-¡Â

I-y-m-¼-v k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

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]-\-w, B-tc-m-K-y th-m-f|-n-bÀ,

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b-n k-w-tb-m-P-n-¸-n-¨-v k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-

¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

� Iu-a-m-c k-Z-Ê-v :k-n.-U-n.-F-Ê-v

X-e-̄ -nÂ Iu-a-m-c k-Z-Ê-v k-w-L-

S-n-¸-n-¡-p-I h-g-n Iu-a-m-c-¡-m-c-p-sS

{]-i-v-\-§-sf h-n-i-I-e-\-w sN-¿-p-

¶-X-n-\-p-w {]-i-v-\ ]-c-n-l-m-c-¯-n-

\-p-w I-g-n-b-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

� I-c-n-bÀ ssK-U³-k-v : s]¬-I-p-«-n-

IÄ-¡-v th|-n I-c-n-bÀ ssK-U³-

k-v tI-m-g-v-k-p-IÄ k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-

¶-X-m-W-v.

� t»-m-¡-v ]-©-m-b-¯-n-sâ ]-c-n-[-n-

b-nÂ h-c-p-¶ kÀ-¡-mÀ-þ-kÀ-¡-m-

c-n -X-c Ø-m-]-\-§Ä, k-¶-²

k-w-L-S-\-IÄ, B-tc-m-K-y {]-hÀ-

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X-n F-¶-n-h-c-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s¸-«-v

{]-i-v-\-§Ä-¡-v {]-m-tZ-i-n-I-a-m-b-n

]-c-n-l-m-c-w I-s| -¯-p-¶-X-n-\-m-b-n

A-Z-m-e-¯-v-k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-

W-v.

� sPâÀ d-n-tk-m-g-v-k-v skâÀ {]-hÀ-

¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-h-i-y-a-m-b A-S-n-

Ø-m-\-ku-I-c-y-§Ä, H-m-^-o-k-v

{]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-m-h-i-y-a-m-b

d-q-w ku-I-c-y-w.

� I-w-]-y-q-«À, CâÀ s\-ä-v I-W-£³

: k-v-{X-o-IÄ-¡-p-w s]¬-I-p-«-n-IÄ-

¡-p-w th|-n-b-p-Å ku-P-\-y

I-w-]-y-q-«À ]-c-n-i-o-e-\-w \Â-I-p-

¶-X-n-e-q-sS k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS k-m-t¦-

X-n-I-h-n-Ú-m-\-w hÀ-²-n-̧ -n-¡-p-¶p-.

� sse-{_-d-n

k-w-L-m-S-\-wt»-m-¡-v ]-©-m-b-¯-n-sâ ]-c-n-

[-n-b-nÂ h-c-p-¶ k-n.-U-n.-F-Ê-p-I-

f-nÂ {]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶ P-n-Ã-m sPâÀ

BÀ.-]-n.-a-m-c-m-W-v sPâÀ d-n-tk-m-g-v-k-v

skâ-d-n -sâ \-S-¯-n-¸-v N-p-a-X-e.

]-©-m-b-̄ -n-sâ ]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ h-c-p-¶

a-p-g-p -h³ kÀ-¡-mÀ-þ-kÀ-¡-m-X-n -c

Ø-m-]-\ {]-X-n-\-n-[-n-IÄ, P-m-{K-X-m

k-a-n-X-n A-w-K-§Ä, k-n.-U-n.-F-Ê-v

sPâÀ k-t¸-mÀ-«-n-w-K-v A-w-K-§Ä

F-¶-n-hÀ A-w-K-§-f-m-W-v.

k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS kz-´-w A-\-p-`-h-§-f-p-sS A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n-b ]T-\ k-l-m-b-n-I-f-p-sS A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ A-bÂ-¡-q-« X-e-¯-nÂ NÀ-¨-IÄ k-w-L-S-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w A-`-n-{]-m-b ti-J-c-W-w \-S-¯-p-I-b-p-w sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-e-q-sS k-v-{X-o-IÄ kz-´-w P-o-h-n-X k-m-l-N-c-y-§-sf h-n-aÀ-i-\-m-ß-I-a-m-b-n h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-p-I-b-p-w sN-¿-p-¶-p.


B-a-p-J-wP-\-m-[-n-]-X-y A-[-n-I-m-c-h-n-tI-

{µ-o-I-c-W-¯-nâ h-n-iz-m-k {]-a-m-W-

§-f-m-b P-\-]-¦-m-f-n-¯ {]-m-tZ-i-n-I

`-c-W-w, B-k-q-{X-W-w, k-p-X-m-c-y-X,

k-v-{X-o-þ-k-m-a-q-l-y-þ-]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I

\-o-X-n F-¶-n-h-b-n-e-[-n-j-v-S-n-X-a-m-b-n

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I-`-c-W k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w i-m-

à-o-I-c-n -¡-p-I F-¶-X-m-W-v Cu

I-y-m-¼-b-n-\-n-sâ {]-[-m-\ e-£-y-w.

A-[-n-I-m-c-h-n-tI-{µ-o-I-c-W-¯-n-\-p

20 hÀ-j-¯-n-\-p-ti-j-w tI-c-f-h-p-w

k-a-q-l-h-p-w t\-c-n-S-p-¶ {]-i-v-\-§Ä

h-y-X-y-k-v-X kz-̀ -m-h-a-p-Å-X-p-w k-¦-oÀ-

®-X-b-mÀ-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v. {]-m-tZ-i-n-I-

`-c-W-I-q-S-§-f-p-sS t\-X-r-Xz-¯-nÂ

\-S-¶ h-n-I-k-\-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä

\-½-p-sS {K-m-a-o-W-þ-\-K-c-{]-tZ-i-§-f-p-

sS A-S-n-Ø-m-\-ku-I-c-y-§Ä hÀ-²-n-

¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-nÂ k-p-{]-[-m-\-a-m-b ]-¦-v

h-l-n-¨-n-«-p|-v-v. A-tX-m-sS-m-¸-w h-n-I-

kz-c-k-a-q-l-w t\-c-n-S-p-¶ ]-p-X-n-b h-n-

I-k-\ {]-i-v-\-§Ä tI-c-f-w C-t -̧mÄ

A-̀ -n-a-p-J-o-I-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v. ̀ -£-y-h-n-

f-I-f-p-sS e-`-y-X-¡-p-d-h-v, P-e-£-m-a-w,

J-c-þ-{Z-h a-m-e-n-\-y-§Ä, {]-I-r-X-n-h-n-

`-h-§-f-m-b a-®-v, `-q-a-n, P-e-w, ssP-

h-k-¼-¯-v C-h-b-p-sS ti-m-j-W-w

F-¶-n-h-b-m-W-v k-a-I-m-e-n-I tI-c-f-w

t\-c-n-S-p-¶-X-p-w {]-m-tZ-i-n-I `-c-W-

I-q-S-§Ä-¡-v ^-e-{]-Z-a-m-b-n C-S-s]-

S-m-h-p-¶-X-p-a-m-b {]-[-m-\ h-n-I-k-\

h-n-j-b-§Ä. ]-mÀ-iz-h-X-v-I-r-X h-n-

`-m-K-§-f-p-sS k-a-{K-P-o-h-n-X ]-p-tc-m-

K-X-n-b-p-w C-h-b-nÂ DÄ-s -̧S-p-t¯|

h-n-j-b-a-m-W-v.

P-\-m-[-n-]-X-y A-[-n-I-m-c-h-n-tI-

{µ-o-I-c-W-¯-n-\-p -w {]-m-tZ-i-n -I-m-

k-p-{X-W-¯-n-\-p-w-X-p-S-¡-w I-p-d-n-¨

H-¶-m-w-L-« P-I-o-b-m-k-q-{X-W I-y-m-

¼-b-n³ P-\-§-f-p-sS ]-¦-m-f-n -¯-

t¯-m-sS-b-p-Å {]-m-tZ-i-n-I h-n-I-k-

\-̄ -n-sâ ]-p-X-p-a-m-X-r-I ̀ -m-c-X-̄ -nÂ

B-Z-y-a-m-b-n k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-p-I-b-m-b-n-c-p-

¶-p P-\-§-f-p-sS ]-¦-m-f-n-¯ th-

c|-m-w P-\-I-o-b-m-k-q-{X-W I-y-m-¼-b-n³

]-X-n-a-q-¶-m-w]-²-X-n P-\-I-o-b ]-²-X-n



Z-n-b-m-b {K-m-a-k-`-b-p-w A-bÂ-¡-q-«-

§-f-p-w D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-c-p-tS-b-p-w h-n-Z-K-v-

[-c-p-tS-b-p-w th-Z-n-I-f-m-b hÀ-¡-n-w-K-v

{K-q-¸-n-IÄ, h-n-Z-K-v -[ k-a-n-X-n-IÄ,

{]-h-r-¯-n \-nÀ-Æ-l-W k-a-n-X-n-IÄ,

ta-m-W-n-ä-d-n-w-K-v I-½-n-ä-n-IÄ, a-ä-v P-\-

I-o-b k-w-h-n-[-m-\-§Ä F-¶-n-h C-Z-w-

{]-Y-a-a-m-b-n h-n-I-k-\ I-m-c-y-§-f-nÂ

P-\-§Ä-¡-v C-S-s]-S-p-¶-X-n-\-v P-\-I-o-

b-m-k-q-{X-W-w k-r-j-v-S-n-̈ -]-p-X-n-b k-m-

[-y-X-I-f-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. tI-c-f-¯-n-sâ

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I ̀ -c-W-þ-h-n-I-k-\ c-w-K-§-

f-nÂ Cu ]-¦-m-f-n-¯ th-Z-n-I-f-p-sS

k-m-¶-n-²-y-w ]-p-̄ -\-p-WÀ-Æ-v {]-Z-m-\-w

sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-v I-m-c-W-a-m-b-n-«-p|-v.

h-n -I-k-\ {]-h-À-¯-\-§-f-p -

sS X-o-c-p -a-m-\-sa-S-p -¡-p-¶-X-n -e-p -w

\-S-¸-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-e-p-w ]u-c-k-a-q-l-

-̄n-\-v A-h-I-m-i-h-p-w ]-¦-m-f-n-̄ -h-p-w

e-`-n-¡-p-¶ k-m-l-N-c-y-a-p|-m-b-X-v

P-\-m-[-n-]-X-y-¯-n-sâ I-o-g-v-X-e h-y-m-

]-\-¯-n-sâ B-¡-w I-q-«-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w

R-§Ä DÄ-s -̧S-p-¶-X-m-W-v ̀ -c-W-I-q-

S-sa-¶ h-n-iz-m-k-w P-\-§-f-nÂ k-r-

j-v-S-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w D-]-I-c-n-¨-n-«-p|-v.

I-g-n-ª 20 hÀ-j-X-X-n-\-n-S-b-nÂ

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I-̀ -c-W-I-q-S-§-f-p-sS t\-X-r-

Xz-¯-nÂ tI-c-f-¯-n-sâ tk-h-\-þ-]-

Ý-m-¯-e h-n-I-k-\ ta-J-e-I-f-nÂ

ssI-h-c-n-¨ t\-«-w a-p-¼-s¯ \-m-e-v

Z-i-I-§-f-n-te-X-n-t\-¡-mÄ ]-e a-S-

§-v I-q-S-p-X-e-m-W-v. h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w,

B-tc-m-K-y-w, I-p-S-n-sh-Å-w, ]-mÀ-̧ -n-S-w,

I-p-«-n-IÄ-þ-k-v-{X-o-IÄ-þ-]-«-n-I-P-m-X-n-þ-

]-«-n-I-hÀ-¤ h-n-I-k-\-w, K-X-m-K-X-w

ta-J-e-I-f-nÂ G-sd a-p -t¶-d-m³

P-\-I-o-b-m-k-q-{X-W-¯-n-e-q-sS k-m-

[-n-¨-n-«-p|-v. D-X-v-]-m-Z-\ ta-J-e-b-nÂ

{]-tX-y-I-n-¨-v s\Â-I-r-j-n, sN-d-p-I-n-S

h-y-h-k-m-b-w F-¶-o ta-J-e-I-f-nÂ

{]-X-o-£-n-¨ h-fÀ-¨ ssI-h-c-n-¡-m³

k-m-[-n-̈ -n-Ã F-¶ h-k-v-X-p-X-b-p-w \-n-e-

\-nÂ-¡-p-¶-p.

k-a-o-]-\-wX-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-

\-¯-n-sâ `-q -{]-tZ-i-¯-n-tâ-b-p -w

h-n-h-n-[ P-\-h-n-`-m-K-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w k-a-

{K-h-p-w Ø-m-b-n-b-m-b-X-p-a-m-b h-n-I-k-

\-h-p-w ]-p-tc-m-K-X-n-b-p-w B-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w

h-n-I-k-\-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w

]-²-X-n B-k-q-{X-W-¯-n-tâ-b-p-w a-p-

J-y-e-£-y-w.

]-¦-m-f-n-¯ B-k-q-{X-W-þ-\-nÀ-

Æ-l-W-þ-ta-m-W-n-ä-d-n-w-K-v-þ-tk-m-j-yÂ

H-m-U-n-ä-n--w-K--n-e-q-sS k-a-{K-h-n-I-k-\-a-m-

b-n-c-n-¡-p-w s]-m-X-p-k-a-o-]-\-w. X-t±-

i-kz-b-w-`-c-W k-Y-m-]-\-s¯ H-c-p

b-q-W-n-ä-m-b-n ]-c-n-K-W-n-¨-v h-n-h-n-[

h-n-I-k-\-ta-J-e-I-f-n-se {]-i-v-\-§-

f-p-sS kz-`-m-h-w I-W-¡-n-se-S-p-¯-v

a-p³-K-W-\-IÄ \-n-Ý-b-n-¨-p-Å k-a-

{K-]-c-n-]-m-S-n-I-f-m-W-v X-¿-m-d-m-t¡|-

X-v. tI-{µ-þ-k-w-Ø-m-\-m-h-n-j-v-I-r-X

]-c-n-]-m-S-n-IÄ, h-n-h-n-[ kÀ-¡-mÀ

h-I-p-¸-p-IÄ, a-n-j-\-p-IÄ, G-P³-k-n-

IÄ F-¶-n-h sN-¿-p-¶ {]-hzÀ-¯-\-

§-f-p-a-m-b-n G-tI-m-]-n-̧ -n-̈ -p-w k-w-tb-m-

P-n-¸-n-¨-p-w X-t±-i-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-

f-p-sS k-a-{K-þ-Z-oÀ-L-I-m-e h-n-I-k-\

I-m-g-v-N-¸-m-S-v A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-¡-n-b-p-w

]-²-X-n c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¡-W-w.

P-\-]-¦-m-f-n-¯ th-Z-n-IÄA-bÂ-k-`, h-mÀ-U-v h-n-I-k-\

k-a-n-X-n, {K-m-a-k-`/h-mÀ-U-v-k-`, a-ä-v

P-\-I-o-b th-Z-n-IÄ F-¶-n-h-n-S-§-

f-nÂ P-\-§Ä D-¶-b-n-¨-n-«-p-Å B-h-

i-y-§-f-nÂ \-n -¶-p -w a-p³-K-W-\

{]-I-m-c-w sX-c-sª-S-p-¡-s -̧« {]-hÀ-

¯-\-§-Ä-¡-m-W-v ]-²-X-n X-¿-m-d-m-

t¡|-X-v. e-`-y-a-m-b h-n-h-c-§Ä

b-p-à-n-k-l-a-m-b-n k-w-tb-m-P-n-¸-n-¨-v

P-\-§Ä h-n-i-I-e-\-w \-S-¯-p-¶

k-a-o-]-\-w ]-²-X-n-b-nÂ D|-m-I-

W-w. {]-i-v -\-§-f-p-sS a-p³-K-W-\

\-n-Ý-b-n-¨-p \Â-I-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w A-\-p-

tb-m-P-y-a-m-b-]-c-n -l-m-c-a-mÀ-¤-§Ä

sX-c-sª-S-p-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w sa-̈ -s -̧«

{]-m-tb-m-K-n-I c-o-X-n-b-I-f-p-w {]-m-tZ-

i-n-I a-m-\-Z-W-v-U-§-f-p-w B-h-n-j-v-¡-

c-n-¡-m-h-p-¶-X-n-\-m-W-v.

{K-m-a-k-̀ /h-mÀ-U-v-k-̀ , A-bÂ-k-̀]-¦-m-f-n-¯-¯-n-sâ ta-· K-p-

W-¯-n-e-p-w K-W-¯-n-e-p-w sa-¨-s¸-

S-p-¯-W-w. k-a-q-l-¯-n-sâ h-n-h-n-[

ta-J-e-b-nÂ-s¸-«-hÀ, A-bÂ-k-`,

{K-m-a-k-`, h-mÀ-U-v-k-`-, h-n-I-k-\-k-

a-n-X-n-I-f-nÂ ]-s¦-S-p-¯-v {]-m-tZ-i-n-I-

h-n-I-k-\ {]-i-v-\-§-sf-¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å

NÀ-¨-I-f-n -e-p-w k-w-h-m-Z-§-f-n -e-p-w

k-P-o -h-a-m-b-n ]-s¦-S-p -¡-p -I-b-p -w

h-n-I-k-\-{]-hÀ-¯-\ a-p³-K-W-\

\-n-Ý-b-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w ]-c-n-l-m-c-w

\-nÀ-t±-i-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-e-p-w ]-¦-v h-l-n-¡-p-

¶-p-sh-¶-p-w D-d-¸-p-h-c-p-¯-W-w.

{K-m-a-tI-{µ-wh-mÀ-U-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ X-t±-

i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-sS

tk-h-\-w h-n-tI-{µ-o-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

"tk-h-m-{K-m-w-' {K-m-a-tI-{µ-§-f-p-sS

{]-hÀ-¯-\-w ^-e-{]-Z-a-m-t¡|-

X-m-W-v.

D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø tk-h-\-w]-²-X-n X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-¶ {]-hÀ-

¯-\-§Ä-¡-v e-`-y -a -m -b a-n -I-¨

h-n-Z-K-v-[-c-p-sS tk-h-\-w {]-tb-m-P-\-

s¸-S-p-t¯|-X-m-W-v. L-S-I Ø-m-

]-\-§-f-n-se D-tZ-y-m-K-ØÀ ]-²-X-n

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-¶ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-nÂ

k-P-o-h-a-m-b ]-¦-m-f-n -¯-w h-l-n -

t¡|-X-m-W-v.

\-K-c-h-n-I-k-\-wA-X-n-th-K-w \-K-c-h-X-v-¡-c-n-¡-

s¸-«-p-sI-m|-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ tI-c-f-¯-nÂ

{K-m-a-þ-\-K-c k-l-hÀ-¯-n-Xz-¯-n-e-p-w

h-n-\-n-a-b-¯-n-e-p-w A-[-n-j-vT-n-X-a-m-b

h-n-I-k-\-\-b-a-m-W-v h-c-p-w hÀ-j-§-

f-nÂ kz-o-I-c-n-t¡|-X-v. A-a-r-X-v,

k-v-a-mÀ-«-v k-n-ä-n ]-²-X-n-I-f-n-e-pÄ-s¸-

S-p-¯-n-b \-K-c-§-f-p-sS h-n-I-k-\-

¯-nÂ k-a-o-] {K-m-a-{]-tZ-i-§-f-n-se

a-\-p-j-y-þ-{]-I-r-X-n h-n-̀ -h-§-f-p-sS k-m-

[-y-X D-]-tb-m-K-s¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

_-l-p-X-e B-k-q-{X-W-w

P-n-Ã-m ]-²-X-nP-n-Ã-m-X-e B-k-q-{X-W-¯-n-e-p-w

P-n-Ã-m ]-²-X-n-c-q-]-o-I-c-W-¯-n-\-p-w

13-þ-m-w ]-²-X-n-b-nÂ D-bÀ-¶ ]-c-n-

K-W-\ \Â-I-p-¶-X-m-W-v. U-n.-]-n.-k-n.

P-n-Ã-b-n-se X-t±-i-kz-b-w-̀ -c-W Ø-m-

]-\-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w kÀ-¡-mÀ h-I-p-¸-p-

I-f-p-tS-b-p-w k-l-I-c-W-t¯-m-sS

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-¶ P-n-Ã-m ]-²-X-n F-Ã-m

h-n-I-k-\ ta-J-e-I-f-n-e-p-w {]-tZ-i-§-

f-n-e-p-w k-m-[-y-X-IÄ-¡-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-

b-p-w k-́ -p-e-n-X-a-m-b-p-w h-n-I-k-\-̄ -n-

\-v Du-¶Â \Â-I-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

h-n-h-n-[ X-«-p-I-f-n-se X-t±-i-kz-

b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-nÂ ({K-m-a-þ-

t»-m-¡-v-þ-P-n-Ã) ]-c-k-v-]-c NÀ-¨-I-

f-n-e-q-sS A-\-p-]-q-c-I kz-`-m-h-¯-nÂ


h-n-I-k-\ -{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä G-sä-S-p-

¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v _-l-p-X-e B-k-q-{X-W

k-w-h-n-[-m-\-h-p-w k-t¦-X-h-p-w kz-o-I-

c-n-t¡|-X-p|-v.

P-n-Ã-m-X-e k-m-¼-¯-n-I A-h-te-m-I-\-d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-v, a-m-\-h h-n-I-k-\ d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-v

P-n-Ã-m B-k-q-{X-W-k-a-n-X-n-b-p-

sS t\-X-r-Xz-¯-nÂ P-n-Ã-m-X-e k-m-

¼-¯-n-I A-h-te-m-I-\ d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-p-w

a-m-\-h h-n-I-k-\ d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-p-w X-¿-m-

d-m-¡-n {]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

h-n-Z-K-v-²À, i-m-k-v-{X-k-m-t¦-X-n-I h-n-Z-y-b-p-sS D-]-tb-m-K-w

i-m-k-v-{X-w, k-m-t¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-y-,

-a-m-t\-P-v -saâ-v, F-©-n-\-o-b-d-n -w-K- v,

A-¡-m-Z-a-n-I-v ta-J-e-I-f-n-se ]-p-X-n-b

A-d-n-h-p-I-f-p-w k-t¦-X-§-f-p-w {]-m-tZ-

i-n-I kÀ-¡-m-c-p-I-f-p-sS h-n-h-n-[ h-n-

j-b-ta-J-e-I-f-n-se h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-\-v

D-]-tb-m-K-s¸-S-p -¯-W-w. h-n -h-n -[

h-n-j-b-ta-J-e-I-f-nÂ h-n-Z-K-v -²-c-p-w

s{]-m-̂ -j-WÂ A-d-n-h-p-a-p-Å-h-c-p-sS

tk-h-\-w D-]-tb-m-K-s¸-S-p-¯-p-¶-X-n-

\-v k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

tZ-i-o-b-þ-A-´À-tZ-i-o-b X-e-¯-nÂ

e-`-y-a-m-I-p-¶ i-m-k-v-{X k-m-t¦-X-n-I

h-n-Z-y-IÄ D-]-tb-m-K-s¸-S-p -¯-m³

{i-a-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

Ì-mÀ-«-v A-¸-p-I-f-p-w b-p-h s{]-m-^-j-W-e-p-I-f-p-sS tk-h-\-h-p-w

D-X-v -]-m-Z-\-þ-tk-h-\-ta-J-e-I-

f-nÂ b-p-h -s{]-m-^-j-W-e-p-I-f-p-sS

Ì-mÀ-«- v A-¸-p-IÄ, k-w-c-w-`-§Ä,

h-n-I-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-sS \-nÀ-

Æ-l-W-¯-n-\-v k-¶-² {]-hÀ-¯-

\-t¯-m-sS-m-¸-w I-¼-\-n-I-tf-m k-w-

L-§-tf-m B-b-n c-P-n-ÌÀ sN-b-v-X-v

{]-hÀ-¯-n-¡-p-¶-h-c-p-a-m-b-n k-m-a-q-

l-n-I I-c-mÀ (S-ocial C-o-nt-ract)

k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w F-¶-n-h-¡-v A-h-k-c-w

\Â-I-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

ssP-h-I-mÀ-j-n-I D-e-v-]-m-Z-\-wI-mÀ-j-n-I- D-e-v -]-¶-§Ä (]-

¨-¡-d-n, ]-g-hÀ-¤-§Ä) F-Ã-m I-m-

e-§-f-n-e-p-w B-h-i-y-m-\-p-k-c-W-w

e-`-n-¡-m-h-p-¶ X-c-¯-nÂ `-£-y-h-n-

f-I-f-p-sS D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-w D-d-¸-m-¡-p-¶-

X-n-\-v k-m-t¦-X-n-I-h-n-Z-y, k-m-¼-X-X-n-

I-þ-b-{´- -þ-D-]-I-c-W k-l-m-b-§Ä

D-X-v-]-m-Z-IÀ-¡-v e-`-y-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

h-n-f-I-f-p-sS ti-J-c-W-w, k-w-k-v-¡-

c-W-w, h-n-]-W-\-w F-¶-o k-w-h-n-

[-m-\-¯-n-\-v D-X-v-]-m-Z-I I-¼-\-n-IÄ

(Farmer Producer Company)c-q-]-o-

I-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w D-X-v-]-m-Z-IÀ-¡-v h-n-e

\-n-Ý-b-n-¨-v t\-c-n-«-v h-nÂ-¡-m-\-p-Å

ku-I-c-y-w e-`-y-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-p-a-m-W-v.

I-m-e-m-h-Ø h-y-X-n-b-m-\-w, ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-k-w-c-£-W-w

I-m-e-m-h-Ø h-y-X-n-b-m-\-w tI-

c-f-¯-n-sâ {]-I-r-X-n-h-n-`-h-§-f-n-e-p-w

]-c-n -Ø-n -X-n -b-n -e-p -w D|-m-¡-p -¶

ti-m-j-W-h-p-w A-X-v k-¼-¯-p-e-v-]-m-

Z-\-þ-tk-h-\ ta-J-e-I-f-nÂ k-r-j-v-S-n-

¡-p-¶ {]-X-y-m-L-m-X-§-f-p-w I-p-d-¡-p-

¶-X-n-\-v ^-e-{]-Z-a-m-b-n C-S-s]-S-m³

k-m-[-n -¡-p-I X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W

Ø-m-]-\-§Ä-¡-m-W-v. Cu ta-J-e-

b-n-se {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡-v P-\-I-o-

b-m-k-q-{X-W I-y-m-¼-b-n-\-nÂ D-bÀ-¶

{]-m-[-m-\-y-w \Â-I-p-¶-X-m-W-v. C-X-n-

\-m-b-n k-m-t¦-X-n-I Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-tS-

b-p-w h-n-Z-K-v-[-c-p-tS-b-p-w k-l-m-b-t -̄m-

sS ]-c-n-i-o-e-\-§-f-p-w {]-m-tb-m-K-n-I

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-w \-S-¯-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

A-S-n-Ø-m-\ h-n-h-c-ti-J-c-wX-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W-§-f-p -sS

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-h-n-h-c kÀ-tÆ \-S-¯-n

a-m-\-h h-n-I-k-\ d-n-t¸-mÀ-«-v X-¿-m-

d-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v. C-X-n-sâ A-S-n-

Ø-m-\-¯-n-e-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w Z-m-c-n-{Z-y-e-

L-q-I-c-W-þ-]-mÀ-i-h-X-v-I-r-X h-n-`-m-K-

§Ä-¡-p-th|-n-b-p-Å ]-²-X-n-IÄ

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-I. tk-h-\ Ø-m-]-\-

§-f-p-sS A-S-n-Ø-m-\ \-n-e-h-m-c-w

\-n-Ý-b-n-¨-v A-X-n-\-\-p-k-r-X-a-m-b-n

tk-h-\-K-p-W-X sa-̈ -s -̧S-p-̄ -p-¶-X-n-

\-v Ø-m-]-\-§-f-nÂ ku-I-c-y-§Ä

H-c-p-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v. {]-m-tZ-i-n-I Ø-n-

X-n h-n-h-c-ti-J-c-w X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-

\-v k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

a-p³-K-W-\-IÄX-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-

§Ä a-p³-K-W-\ \Â-tI| ta-J-

e-IÄ N-p-h-sS tNÀ-¡-p-¶-p.

1. D-X-v-]-m-Z-\ ta-J-e-b-p-sS h-fÀ-¨`-£-y-h-n -f-IÄ, ]-mÂ, a-p -«,

a-m-w-k-w, a-Õ-y-w F-¶-n-h-b-p-sS D-X-v-

]-m-Z-\-h-p-w D-X-v-]-¶-§-f-p-sS k-w-k-v-

¡-c-W-w, h-n-]-W-\-w F-¶-o k-w-h-n-

[-m-\-§-f-p-w sa-¨-s¸-S-p-¯-p-I.

2. ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-b-p-tS-b-p-w {]-I-r-X-n-h-n-̀ -h-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w k-w-c-£-W-w.

B-h-m-k-h-y-h-Ø-b-p-sS ]-c-n-

]-m-e-\-h-p-w ssP-h-ssh-h-n-[-y-̄ -n-sâ

\-n-e-\-nÂ-]-v D-d-̧ -p h-c-p-̄ -p-¶-X-n-\-p-w

{]-tX-y-I ]-c-n -K-W-\ \Â-I-p-I.

P-e-k-w-c-£-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡-v

D-bÀ-¶ Du-¶Â \Â-I-p-I.

3. a-m-\-h h-n-I-k-\-wa-m-\-h h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-\-v \-n-Z-m-

\-a-m-b B-tc-m-K-y--w, h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w,

Ø-m-b-n-b-m-b sX-m-g-nÂ F-¶-o ta-

J-e-IÄ sa-¨-s¸-S-p-¯-p-I.

4. P-o-h-n-X K-p-W-\-n-e-h-m-c-w D-bÀ-¯-p-¶-X-n -\-p -Å A-S-n -Ø-m-\ ku-I-c-y - h-n-I-k-\-w.

F-Ã-m-hÀ-¡-p-w h-o-S-v, F-Ã-m-hÀ-

¡-p-w I-p-S-n-sh-Å-w, F-Ã-m-hÀ-¡-p-w

ssh-Z-y-p-X-n, sX-c-p-h-v h-n-f-¡-p-IÄ,

i-p-N-n-Xz-a-p-Å ]-c-n-k-c-w, sa-¨-s¸-«

\-S-̧ -m-X-I-f-p-w K-X-m-K-X ku-I-c-y-§-

f-p-w, s]-m-X-p-ku-I-c-y-§Ä F-¶-n-h

D-d-¸-m-¡-p-I.

a-p³-K-W-\-ta-J-e-b-n-se h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-\-p-Å X-{´-§Ä1. (F) {]-m-tZ-i-n-I k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-n-I-k-\-w]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-þ-`-£-y D-e-v-]-m-Z-\-w

k-w-tb-m-P-n-X \-oÀ-¯-S ]-c-n-]-m-

e-\-w, k-w-b-p-à h-\-]-c-n-]-m-e-\-w

F-¶-o {]-{I-n-b-I-f-n-e-q-sS i-m-k-v -

{X-o-b {]-I-r-X-n h-n-`-h-]-c-n-]-m-e-\-w

k-m-[-y-a-m-¡-n I-mÀ-j-n-I-ta-J-e-sb

]-p-\-c-p-²-X-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v {]-tX-y-I

]-c-n-K-W-\ \Â-I-W-w, ssP-h-I-r-

j-n c-o-X-n A-h-e-w-_-n-¨-p-sI-m|-v

s\-Ã-v, ]-¨-¡-d-n-IÄ, ]-g-hÀ-¤-§Ä

F-¶-n-h-b-p-sS I-r-j-n DuÀ-Ö-n-X-a-m-

b-n \-S-¯-n D-X-v-]-m-Z-\ hÀ-²-\-h-v

D|-m-¡-m³ k-m-[-n-¡-W-w. C-X-n-\-m-

b-n ssP-h-h-f-w, I-o-S-\-m-i-n-\-n F-¶-n-

h-b-p-sS D-X-v -]-m-Z-\-w i-m-k-v-{X-o-b

ssP-h-I-r-j-n c-o-X-n-IÄ X-p-S-§-n-b

I-m-c-y-§-f-nÂ IÀ-j-IÀ-¡-v A-d-n-h-v

\Â-I-p-¶-X-n-\-v k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-I-

W-w. X-c-n-i-m-b-n-«-n-c-n-¡-p-¶ s\Â-h-

b-e-p-I-f-n-e-p-w I-c-`-q-a-n-b-n-e-p-w s\Â-


I-r-j-n sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-p DuÀ-Ö-n-a-m-b

{i-a-§Ä D|-m-tI|-X-m-W-v.

H-m-tc-m I-r-j-n-`-q-a-n-tb-b-p-w A-S-n-

Ø-m-\ b-q-W-n-ä-m-b-n I|-v A-X-n-

\-p-Å ]-²-X-n-IÄ X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n A-h-

sb H-c-p kz-m-`-m-h-n-I ta-J-e-b-p-

sS k-¼-qÀ-® h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-e-n-sâ

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-nÂ k-w-tb-m-P-n-¸-n-

¨-p-sI-m|-v ]-m-c-n-Ø-n-X-n-I k-´-p-

e-\-¯-n -\-p -w {]-tX-y-I Du-¶Â

\Â-tI|-X-m-W-v. ssh-h-n-[-y-a-mÀ-¶

]-c-¼-c-m-K-X ]-d-¼-v-I-r-j-n h-o-s -S-p-¡-

W-w. C-X-n-\-m-b-n IÀ-j-I-c-p-sS I-q-

«-m-b-v-a-tb-b-p-w I-p-S-p-w-_-{i-o-tb-b-p-w

t{]-m-Õ-m-l-n-¸-n-¡-W-w. I-q-S-m-sX

X-o-c-{]-tZ-i-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w X-®-oÀ-X-S-

§-f-p-tS-b-p-w ]-c-n-]-m-e-\-h-p-w G-sä-S-p-

t¡|-X-m-W-v.

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I I-mÀ-j-n-I D-X-v-]-¶-

§-f-p-sS a-q-e-y-hÀ-²-\-h-p-w h-n-]-W-\-

h-p-w D-d-¸-m-¡-n k-q-£-v-a-k-w-c-w-`-§Ä

i-à-n-s -̧S-p-̄ -p-I-b-p-w sN-d-p-X-p-w C-S-

-̄c-h-p-a-m-b k-w-c-w-̀ -§Ä t{]-m-Õ-m-

l-n-¸-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w sN-t¿|-X-m-W-v.

{]-I-r-X-n-h-n-`-h-§-f-p-sS A-S-n-¯-d

ti-m-j-n-̈ -X-n\-mÂ \-i-n-̈ -p-sI-m|-n-c-n-

¡-p-¶ ]-c-¼-c-m-K-X h-y-h-k-m-b-§Ä-

¡-p-w a-p³-K-W-\ \Â-tI|-X-m-W-v.

C-X-n-\-m-b-n ¢-Ì-d-p-I-f-p-sS k-m-[-y-X

{]-tb-m-P-\-s¸-S-p-¯-W-w.

]-mÂ, a-p-«, a-m-w-k-w, a-Õ-y-w

F-¶-n-h-b-p-sS D-X-v-]-m-Z-\-¯-n-\-v H-m-

tc-m {]-tZ-i-¯-p-a-p-Å k-m-[-y-X-IÄ

]-c-a-m-h-[-n D-]-tb-m-K-s¸-S-p-¯-W-w.

a-l-m-ß-K-m-Ô-n -F³.-BÀ.-C.-P-n.-

F-k-v.

I-r-j-n-b-p-tS-b-p-w A-\-p-_-Ô-

ta-J-e-b-p-tS-b-p-w h-n-I-k-\-w, a-®-v-þ-

P-e-k-w-c-£-W-w, ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n k-w-

c-£-W-w, X-o-c-tZ-i k-w-c-£-W-w,

h-\-hÂ-¡-c-W-w a-p -X-e-m-b-h-¡-v

sX-m-g-n-e-p-d-¸-v ]-²-X-n-I-f-p-sS (F-w.-

P-n.-F³.-BÀ.-C.-P-n.-F-k-v., A-¿-¦-m-f-n

sX-m-g-n-e-p-d-̧ -v ]-Z-[-X-n) k-m-[-y-X-IÄ

]-c-a-m-h-[-n {]-tb-m-P-\-s¸-S-p-¯-W-w.

(_-n) s]-m-X-p-tk-h-\-§-f-p-sS ta-·-hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¡Â(1) I-p-S-n-sh-Å-w

P-e-k-w-c-£-W {]-hÀ-¯-\-

§Ä F-Ã-m X-t±-i-`-c-W-Ø-m-]-

\-§-f-p-w D-bÀ-¶ Du-¶-Â \Â-I-n

G-sä-S-p-¡-p-I, a-g-sh-Å-s¡-m-b-v-¯-v,

a-g-sh-Å-k-w-`-c-W-n, I-n-WÀ-þ-I-p-f-w

d-o-N-mÀ-Ö-n-w-K-v, P-e-m-i-b-§-f-p-sS

k-w-c-£-W-w, a-g-¡-m-e-¯-v sh-Å-w

`-q-a-n-¡-S-n-b-nÂ I-n-\-n-ª-n-d-§-p-¶-

X-n-\-p-Å h-n-h-n-[ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä,

s]-m-X-p-h-p-w kz-I-m-c-y-h-p-a-m-b F-Ã-m

P-e-m-i-§-f-p-w tX-m-S-p-I-f-p-w ]-p-g-I-f-p-w

a-e-n-\-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-v X-S-b-p-I X-p-S-§-n-b

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡-v X-±-i-`-c-W

Ø-m-]-\-§Ä _-Ô-s¸-« h-I-p-¸-p-

I-f-p-tS-b-p-w h-n-Z-K-v-² Ø-m-]-\-§-

f-p-tS-b-p-w k-l-m-b-t¯-m-sS ]-²-X-n

D|-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v. P-e-h-n-X-c-W

]-c-n-]-m-S-n-IÄ k-mÀ-h-{X-n-I-a-m-¡-p-

I-b-p-w \-n-e-h-n-e-p-Å-h-b-p-sS I-m-c-y-

£-a-X hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¨-v -F-Ã-m-hÀ-¡-p-w

i-p-²-a-m-b I-p-S-n-sh-Å-w e-`-y-a-m-¡-p-

I-b-p-w th-W-w. I-p-S-n-sh-Å-¯-n-sâ

K-p-W-\-n-e-h-m-c-w D-d-¸-p-h-c-p-¯-m³

{]-tX-y-I-w {i-²-n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.I-p-

S-n-sh-Å K-p-W-\-n-e-h-m-c td-ä-n-w-K-n-

\-p-Å k-v-tI-mÀ I-mÀ-U-v k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w

sI-m|-p-h-c-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

(2) i-p-N-n-Xz ]-c-n-]-m-e-\-w

F-Ã-m {K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-p-I-f-p-w

\-K-c-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-w J-c-a-m-

e-n-\-y-]-c-n-]-m-e-\-¯-n-\-v a-p³-K-W-\

\Â-I-n k-¼-qÀ-® i-p-N-n-Xz ]-c-n-]-m-S-n

B-k-q-{X-W-w sN-b-v-X-v \-S-̧ -m-¡-W-w.

ssP-h, A-ssP-h, A-]-I-S-I-m-c-n-

I-f-m-b a-m-e-n-\-y-§Ä {]-tX-y-I-w

thÀ-X-n-c-n-¨-v A-\-p-tb-m-P-y-a-m-b k-w-

k-v-¡-c-W k-w-h-n-[-m-\-§Ä D-]-tb-m-

K-n-¨-v ]-c-n-]-m-e-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v ]-²-X-n

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-W-w.

(F) \-K-c-§-f-n-se i-p-N-n-Xz-w

\-K-c-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§Ä {Z-h-

a-m-e-n-\-y-w (a-e-n-\-P-e-w, I-¡-q-k-v

a-m-e-n-\-y-w F-¶-n-h) k-w-k-v-¡-c-n-¡-p-

¶-X-\-p-Å i-m-k-v-{X-o-b k-w-h-n-[-m-\-

¯-n-\-v ]-²-X-n D|-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

sN-d-p-]-«-W-§-f-n-e-p-w {K-m-a-o-W-ta-J-

e-b-n-e-p-w {Z-h-a-m-e-n-\-y k-w-k-v-¡-c-W-

-̄n-\-v h-n-tI-{µ-o-I-r-X-a-m-b-n k-w-k-v-¡-

c-W ¹-mâ-p-IÄ Ø-m-]-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(3) h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w

tI-{µ-þ-k-w-Ø-m-\-m-h-n-j-v-I-r-X

]-²-X-n-I-f-p-w X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W

Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-sS ^|-p-I-f-p-w k-w-

tb-m-P-n-¸-n-¨-p-sI-m|-v h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-

ku-I-c-y-§Ä sa-¨-s¸-S-p-¯-p-I-b-p-w

h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-K-p-W-\-n-e-h-m-c-w D-bÀ-

¯-p-I-b-p-w sN-¿-W-w. k-v-¡-q-f-p-IÄ

k-v-a-mÀ-S-v, ssl-sS-I-v k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p-

Å-h-b-m-b-n h-n-I-k-n-̧ -n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

B-tc-m-K-y-w, i-p-N-n-Xz-w, ]-c-n-Ø-n-X-n

]-c-n-]-m-e-\-w F-¶-o I-m-c-y-§-f-nÂ

I-p-«-n-IÄ-¡-v A-h-t_-m-[-w e-`-n-¡-p-

¶-X-n -\-p -Å h-n-Z-y-m-e-b A-´-c-o-

£-w(Healthy School) k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-p-

h-m³ {]-tX-y-I-w {i-²-n-¡-W-w.

(4) B-tc-m-K-y-w

tI-{µ-þ-k-w-Ø-m-\ B-h-n-j-v -

I-r-X ]-c-n-]-m-S-n-I-f-p-tS-b-p-w X-t±-i-

kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w

h-n-`-h-§Ä k-a-\z-b-n-¸-n-¨-p-sI-m|-v

s]-m-X-p-P-\-m-tc-m-K-y-w sa-¨-s¸-S-p-¯-p-

¶-X-n-\-p-w B-tc-m-K-y tk-h-\-§Ä

{]-Z-m-\-w sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w ]-c-n-]-m-S-n

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-W-w. hÀ-²-n-¨-p-h-c-p-¶

P-o-h-n-X-ssi-e-o tc-m-K-§Ä, I-n-U-v-

\-n, I-cÄ-, -l-r-t{Z-m-K-w,AÀ-_-p-Z-w

F-¶-n-h k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-v P-\-§-f-nÂ

A-h-t_-m-[-w k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w

A-X-n-te-¡-v \-b-n-¡-p-¶ k-m-l-N-c-y-

§Ä I-p-d-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å ]-²-X-n-IÄ

G-sä-S-p-¡-W-w. C-̄ -c-w tc-m-K-§Ä

I-q-S-p-X-e-m-b-n I|-p-h-c-p-¶ {]-tZ-i-

§Ä-¡-m-b-n {]-tX-y-I IÀ-½-]-²-X-n

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-W-w. I-n-S-¸-p-tc-m-K-n-IÄ-þ-

a-p-X-nÀ-¶ ]u-c-·-m-c-p-sS B-tc-m-K-y

]-c-n-]-m-e-\-¯-n-\-v {]-tX-y-I ]-²-X-n

D|-m-I-W-w. s]-b-n³ & ]-m-e-n-tb-

ä-o-h-v ]-c-n-N-c-W-w i-à-n-s¸-S-p-¯-n

tk-h-\-§Ä h-y-m-]-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(5) I-p-«-n-I-f-p-sS h-n-I-k-\-w

B-tc-m-K-y-w, t]-m-j-I-m-l-m-c-w,

{]-o-þ-ss{]-a-d-n h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w, ]-Ý-m-

¯-e ku-I-c-y-§Ä F-¶-n-h-¡-v

Du-¶Â \Â-I-n A-¦-W-h-m-S-n i-r-w-

J-e-b-n-e-q-sS {]-Z-m-\-w sN-¿-p-¶ tk-

h-\-§-f-p-sS ta-· hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¡-W-w.

I-p-«-n-I-f-p-sS k-a-{K-h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-e-

[-n-j-vT-n-X-a-m-b-n I-p-«-n-I-f-p-sS ku-l-r-

Z-]-c-a-m-b X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-

]-\ {]-tZ-i-s¯ a-m-ä-n-sb-S-p-¡-m³

{i-²-n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(6) k-v-{X-o-I-f-p-sS h-n-I-k-\-w


k-v -{X-o -I-f-p -sS A-h-Ø-sb-

¡-p-d-n-¨-p-Å k-a-{K-h-n-i-I-e-\-s¯

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-¡-n h-y-X-y-k-v-X ta-

J-e-I-f-n-se ]-Z-h-n D-bÀ-¯-p-¶-X-n-

\-p-w k-m-¼-¯-n-I k-p-Ø-n-c-X-¡-p-w

k-{X-o-ku-l-r-Z X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W

Ø-m-]-\-a-m-b-n a-m-ä-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w D-X-

I-p-¶ ]-²-X-n-IÄ B-h-n-j-v -¡-c-n-

t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(7) `-n-¶-ti-j-n D-Å-h-c-p-sS h-n-I-

k-\-w

` - n -¶ -ti -j - n -b - p -Å -hÀ -¡ - v

k-¼-qÀ -® k-m -a - q -l -y -k- p -c -£

\Â-I-p-¶ X-c-¯-nÂ tk-h-\-§Ä

sa-¨-s¸-S-p -¯-m³ ]-c-n -]-m-S-n -IÄ

X-¿-m-d-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v. C-h-c-p-sS h-n-

i-Z-a-m-b Ø-n-X-n-h-n-h-c-ti-J-c-w X-¿-m-

d-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(8) a-p-X-nÀ-¶ ]u-c-·-m-c-p-sS t£-a-w

a-p-X-nÀ-¶ ]u-c-·-m-c-p-sS B-tc-m-

K-y-w, a-ä-n-X-c {]-i-v-\-§Ä {]-m-tZ-i-n-

I-X-e-¯-nÂ ]-c-n-l-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

]-²-X-n-IÄ D|-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

(9) a-p-¶-m-w e-n-w-K-¯-nÂ-s¸-«-h-c-p-

sS t£-a-w

a-q-¶-m-w e-n-w-K-̄ -nÂ-s -̧«-h-c-p-sS

{]-i-v-\-§-sf-¡-p-d-n-̈ -v ]T-\-w \-S-̄ -n,

h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w, sX-m-g-nÂ, ]-p-\-c-[-n-

h-m-k-w F-¶-n -h-¡-v -th|-n-b-p -Å

h-n-I-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä \-S-¸-m-

t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(10) `-h-\ \-nÀ-½-m-W-w

`-h-\-c-l-n-X-c-m-b a-p-g-p-h³ I-p-

S-p-w-_-§Ä-¡-p-w k-a-b-_-Ô-n-X-a-m-

b-n h-o-S-v \-nÀ-½-n-¡-m³ Ø-e-h-p-w

h-o-S-p-]-W-n-b-m³ [-\-k-l-m-b-h-p-w

\Â-I-p-¶-X-n-\-v tI-{µ-m-h-n-j-v-I-r-X

]-²-X-n-b-p-a-m-b-n k-w-tb-m-P-n-̧ -n-̈ -v ]-²-

X-n D|-m-t¡|-X-m-W-v. C-X-n-\-m-b-n

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I h-n-`-h-k-a-m-l-c-W-¯-n-

\-p-Å k-m-[-y-X-IÄ ]-c-a-m-h-[-n D-]-

tb-m-K-s¸-S-p-t¯|-X-m-W-v. ]-p-X-n-b

k-¼-qÀ-® `-h-\-\-nÀ-½-m-W ]-²-X-n-

¡-v kÀ-¡-mÀ X-p-S-¡-w I-p-d-n-¡-p-¶-

X-m-W-v. A-X-m-X-v {]-tZ-i-¯-v `-q-a-n

Z-m-\-a-m-b-n e-`-y-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å

k-m-[-y-X-IÄ ]-c-n-ti-m-[-n-¡-W-w.

(11) DuÀ-Ö-w

k-w-tb-m -P-n -X DuÀ-Ö-]-²-

X-n-IÄ X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n DuÀ-Ö-k-p-c-

£-n-X-Xz-w D-d-¸-m-¡-W-w. ku-c

DuÀ-Ö ssh-Z-y-p-X-n k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w

X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-

f-p -sS s]-m-X-p -Ø-m-]-\-§-f-n -e-p -w

sX-c-p-h-v h-n-f-¡-p-I-f-n-e-p-w D-]-tb-m-K-

s¸-S-p-¯-m³ {]-tX-y-I-w ]-c-n-K-W-\

th-W-w. DuÀ-Ö D-]-t`-m-K-w I-p-

d-ª D-]-I-c-W-§Ä h-y-m-]-n-¸-n-¡-p-

¶-X-n-\-p-w {i-²-n-¡-W-w. a-ä-v h-n-h-n-[

DuÀ-P-P-c-q-]-§Ä N-q-j-W-w sN-b-v-X-v

B-h-i-y-§Ä \-n-d-th-ä-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w

{i-a-n-¡-W-w.

(k-n) k-m-a-q-l-y-\-o-X-n(1) Z-m-c-n-{Z-y-e-L-q-I-c-W ]-²-X-n

k-m-¼-¯-n-I h-n-I-k-\-t¯-m-

sS-m-¸-w k-m-a-q-l-y-\-o-X-n-b-p-w D-d-¸-p-

h-c-p-t¯|-X-v {]-[-m-\-a-m-W-v. k-m-

¼-¯-n-I-a-m-b-p-w k-m-a-q-l-n-I-a-m-b-p-w

]-mÀ-iz-hÂ-¡-c-n-¡-s¸-S-p-I-b-p-w H-g-n-

h-m-¡-s¸-S-p-I-b-p-w sN-b-v -X-n-«-p -Å

h-n-`-m-K-§-f-p-sS h-n-I-k-\-¯-n-\-m-b-n

Z-m-c-n -{Z-y-e-L-q-I-c-W D-]-]-²-X-n

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-W-w. B-{i-b ]-²-X-n

I-p-ä-a-ä c-o-X-n-b-nÂ \-S-̧ -m-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v

{]-tX-y-I {i-² \Â-tI|-X-m-W-v.

(2) ]-«-n-I-P-m-X-n-þ-]-«-n-I-hÀ-¤ h-n-

I-k-\-w

]-«-n-I-P-m-X-n D-]-]-²-X-n, ]-«-n-I-

hÀ-¤ D-]-]-²-X-n F-¶-n-h-b-p -sS

B-k-q-{X-W-w K-p-W-ta-· hÀ-²-n-

¸-n-¨-v A-h-b-p-sS ^-e-{]-m-]-v-X-n D-d-

¸-m-¡-m³ {]-tX-y-I-w {i-²-n-t¡|-

X-m-W-v.

(3) ]-c-¼-c-m-K-X a-Õ-y-sX-m-g-n-e-m-

f-n-IÄ

]-c-¼-c-m-K-X a-Õ-y-s¯-m-g-n-e-m-

f-n-I-f-p-sS-]-mÀ-¸-n-S-w, i-p-N-n-Xz k-w-

h-n-[-m-\-w, I-p-S-n-sh-Å-w, sX-m-g-nÂ,

I-p-«-n-I-f-p-sS h-n-Z-y-m-`-y-m-k-w X-p-S-n-§-n

h-n-h-n-[-§-f-m-b {]-i-v-\-§Ä ]-c-n-l-

c-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v {i-²-n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

(4) C-X-c k-w-Ø-m-\ sX-m-g-n-e-m-

f-n-IÄ

C-X-c k-Ø-m-\ sX-m-g-n-e-m-f-n-

I-f-p-sS h-n-h-c-ti-J-c-W-w \-S-¯-n

B-tc-m-K-y-w, i-p-N-n-Xz-w, X-m-a-k-w-F-

¶-n-h-b-p-a-m-b-n _-Ô-s -̧« I-m-c-y-§Ä

{i-²-n-t¡|-X-m-W-v.

h-n-`-h-k-a-m-l-c-W-wX-\-X-p h-n-`-h-k-a-m-l-c-W-¯-n-

sâ I-m-c-y-¯-nÂ X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-

c-W Ø-m-]-\-§Ä a-X-n-b-m-b {i-²

sN-e-p-¯-p-¶-n-Ã. C-X-v ]-c-n-l-c-n-¨-v

{]-m-tZ-i-n-I [-\-h-n-`-h-k-a-m-l-c-W

k-m-[-y-X-IÄ ]-c-a-m-h-[-n D-]-tb-m-

K-s¸-S-p-¯-m³ X-t±-i-`-c-W Ø-m-

]-\-§-sf k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p-

sS s]-m-X-p-h-m-b {]-hÀ-¯-\-a-n-I-h-v,

X-\-X-v h-n-`-h-k-a-m-l-c-W-¯-n-se

I-m-c-y-£-a-X, A-[-n -I- h-n -`-h-k-

a-m-l-c-W {i-a-§Ä F-¶-n-h-sb

A-S-n-Ø-m-\-a-m-¡-n ]-²-X-n-h-n-l-n-X-w

\Â-I-p-¶-X-n-\-p-Å a-m-\-Z-W-v-U-§Ä

t`-Z-K-X-n sN-¿-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

{] -tX-y -I {]-m -tZ -i- n -I -X-e

^|-v c-q-]-o-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v X-t±-i-

`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§Ä-¡-v A-\-p-h-m-Z-w

\Â-I-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

]-X-n-\-m-e-m-w [-\-I-m-c-y I-½-o-j³ h-n-l-n-X-w

]-X-n -\ -m -e -m -w [-\-I-m -c -y -I -

½-o-j³ X-t±-i-̀ -c-W Ø-m-]-\-§Ä-

¡-v \-nÀ-t±-i-n-¨-n-«-p-Å ^|-p-w h-n-j-

b-§-f-p-w A-\-p-k-c-n-¨-p-Å h-n-I-k-\

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä ^-e-{]-Z-a-m -b-n

\-nÀ-Æ-l-n-¡-m³ k-w-h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-

¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

\-n-I-p-X-n a-m-¸-n-w-K-v\-n-I-p -X-n a-m-¸-n -w -K- v \-S-¯-n,

tN-mÀ-¨ H-g-n-h-m-¡-n \-n-I-p-X-n \Â-

tI| a-p -g-p -h³ B-f-p -I-tf-b-p -w

Ø-m-]-\-§-tf-b-p-w C-\-§-tf-b-p-w

]-c-n-[-n-b-nÂ sI-m|-p-h-c-p-¶-X-n-\-v

]-p-X-n-b k-m-[-y-X-IÄ I-s -¯-p-¶-X-n-

\-p-w X-t±-i-`-c-W-Ø-m-]-\-§Ä-¡-v

\-nÀ-t±-i-w \Â-I-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

F-w.-FÂ.-F., F-w.-]-n. ̂ |-p-I-f-p-sS k-w-tb-m-P-\-w

F-w.-FÂ.-F., F-w.-]-n. ^|-p-

IÄ k-w -tb-m -P-n -¸-n -¨- v X-t±-i-

kz -b-w -` -c -W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p -sS

]-²-X-n -I-Ä X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-¶-X-n -\- v

{i-a-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-c-p-sS ]-¦-m-f-n-¯-h-p-w


N-p-a-X-e-b-p-w.X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-

\-§Ä \Â-tI| tk-h-\-§Ä,

\-S-¯-p-¶ `-c-W-þ-h-n-I-k-\ {]-hÀ-

¯-\-§Ä F-¶-n-h-b-p-sS I-m-c-y-£-

a-X hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-n-\-v D-]-I-c-n-

¡-p-¶ h-n-[-¯-nÂ D-tZ-y-m-K-Ø-c-p-tS-

b-p-w P-o-h-\-¡-m-c-p-tS-b-p-w {]-hÀ-̄ -\

kz-`-m-h-¯-n-e-p-w c-o-X-n-b-n-e-p-w a-m-ä-w

h-c-p-¯-m-\-p-Å \-S-]-S-n-IÄ kz-o-I-

c-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

LSI Ø-m-]-\-§-f-n-se D-tZ-y-m-

K -Ø-c - p -sS X-t± -i -kz -b -` -c -W

Ø-m-]-\-§-f-p -a-m -b-n _-Ô-s¸-«

N-p-a-X-e-IÄ D-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-¯-t¯-m-

sS \-nÀ-Æ-l-n -¡-p -¶-p -sh-¶-p-d-¸-p

h-c-p-¯-m-\-p-Å \-S-]-S-n-IÄ D|-m-

I-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

k-p-X-m-c-y-X-b-p-w \-j-v-tS-m-¯-c-h-m-Z-n-¯-h-p-w k-m-a-q-l-n-I H-m-U-n-ä-p-w

X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W k-Y-m-]-\-

§-f-p-sS {]-hÀ-¯-\-w h-n-]-p-e-h-p-w

ssh-h-n-[-y-]-qÀ®-h-p-a-m-I-p-¶-tX-m-

sS-m-¸-w k-p-X-m-c-y-X I-p-d-ª-p-h-c-p-¶

{]-h-W-X I-m-W-p-¶-p.

` -c -W-þ -h - n -I -k-\ -þ -tk-h -\

{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-sS k-p-X-m-c-y-X D-d-

¸-p-h-c-p-¯-m³ A-¡-m-Z-a-n-I Ø-m-]-

\-§-f-p-sS k-l-I-c-W-t¯-m-sS k-w-

h-n-[-m-\-a-p|-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v. C-X-n-

\-m-b-n kz-X-{´-h-p-w i-à-h-p-a-m-b

tk-m-j-yÂ H-m-U-n-d-d-v k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w

k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

H-m-tc-m hÀ-j-h-p-w {]-m-tZ-i-n-I

`-c-W-I-q-S-¯-n-sâ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf

k-a-{K-a-m-b-n h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-n tk-m-

j-yÂ H-m-U-n-ä-v d-n-t -̧mÀ-«-v X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n

P-\-§-f-p-sS a-p-¼-m-sI A-h-X-c-n-¸-n-

¡-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w NÀ-¨ sN-¿-p-¶-X-n-\-p-w

A-h-k-c-a-p|-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

s]-m-X-p ]-W-¯-n-sâ h-n-\-n -

tb-m-K-w k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-v-v P-\-§Ä-¡-v

b-Y-m-k-a-b-w h-n-h-c-w e-`-y-a-m-¡-p-¶-

X-n-\-p-Å H-m¬-sse³ k-w-h-n-[-m-\-w

D|-m-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W k-Y-m-]-\-

§Ä \Â-I-p-¶ tk-h-\-§-sf-¡-p-

d-n-¨-v {]-X-n-]-m-Z-n-¡-p-¶ ]u-c-m-h-I-m-i-

tc-J F-¶-X-p-t]-m-se \-S-¸-m-¡-n-b

h-n-I-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä, tk-

h-\-§Ä, sN-e-h-g-n-¨ X-p-I C-h

A-S-§-p-¶ H-c-p \-j-v-tS-m-¯-c-h-m-

Z-n-¯ tc-J (acc-ou-ntabilit-y

cha-rte-r) X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n P-\-§-f-p-sS

a-p-¼-m-sI A-h-X-c-n-¸-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

]-©-h-Õ-c-]-²-X-n -b-p -w h-mÀ-j-n-I ]-²-X-n-b-p-w(F) h-n-I-k-\-tc-J

X-t±-i-kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-

\-§Ä H-m-tc-m h-n-I-k-\-ta-J-e-

b-p-tS-b-p-w A-h-Ø-b-p-w h-n-I-k-\

I-m-g-v-N-¸-m-S-p-w h-y-à-a-m-¡-p-¶ h-n-I-

k-\-tc-J X-¿-m-d-m-¡-W-w. `-c-W-k-

a-n-X-n-b-p-sS t\-X-r-Xz-¯-nÂ D-tZ-y-m-

K-Ø-c-p-tS-b-p-w k-¶-²-{]-hÀ-¯-I-

c-p-tS-b-p-w h-n-Z-K-v-[-c-p-tS-b-p-w k-l-m-

b-t¯-m-sS-b-m-b-n -c -n -¡-W-w C-X- v

X-¿-m-d-m-t¡|-X-v.

(_-n) h-mÀ-j-n-I ]-²-X-n-tc-J2017-þ2018 hÀ-j-s¯ ]-²-X-n-

tc-J kÀ-¡-mÀ \-nÀ-t±-i-n -¡-p-¶

B-k-q-{X-W \-S-]-S-n-¡-v h-n-t[-b-

a-m-b-n X-¿-m-d-m-¡-W-w. B hÀ-j-w

\-S-¸-m-¡-p-¶ F-Ã-m {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-

f-p-tS-b-p-w h-n-i-Z-a-m-b t{]-m-P-I-v-S-p-IÄ

A-S-§-n-b-X-m-b-n-c-n-¡-p-w h-mÀ-j-n-I

]-²-X-n.

(k-n) ]-©-h-Õ-c ]-²-X-n tc-J2017-þ22 ]-©-h-Õ-c ]-²-X-n-¡-m-

e-̄ -v h-n-h-n-[ h-n-I-k-\-ta-J-e-I-f-nÂ

\-S-¸-m-t¡| h-n-I-k-\ {]-hÀ-¯-

\-§Ä, h-n-I-k-\ tc-J, hÀ-¡-n-w-K-v

{K-q-¸-v \-nÀ-t±-i-§Ä, h-n-h-n-[ h-n-`-m-

K-w B-f-p-I-f-p-a-m-b-n \-S-¯-n-b I-q-S-n-

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b-i-Ê-p-bÀ-¯-n-b N-{µ-b-m³, a-w-KÄ-

b-m³ Zu-X-y-§Ä \-nÀ-Æ-l-n-¡-m³

\-m-w D-]-tb-m-K-n-¨-X-v.

600 I-n -te-m-a-o -äÀ D-b-c-¯-n-

e-p-Å {[-p-h-o-b (Polar) {`-a-W-]-Y-

¯-n-te-¡-v 1700 I-n-te-m-{K-m-w h-sc

D-]-{K-l-`-m-c-w h-l-n-¡-m³ PSLVXL h-m-l-\-¯-n-\-v I-g-n-h-p-|-v. 284I-n.a-o

I-p-d-ª D-b-c-h-p-w 21000I-n.a-o I-q-

S-n-b D-b-c-h-p-a-p-Å `-q-k-a-th-K D-]-

]-c-n-]-Y-¯-n-te-¡-m-sW-¦-n-Â 1425

I-n-te-m-{K-m-w B-W-v PSLVXL L-S-\-

b-p-sS h-m-l-I ti-j-n.

1994 a-p-X-Â X-p-SÀ-¨-b-m-b 35

h-n-t£-]-W h-n-P-b-§Ä ssI-h

c-n-¨ PSLV \-m-f-n-X-p-h-sc _-l-n-c-m-

I-m-i-s¯-¯-n-¨ D-]-{K-l-§-f-p-sS

F-®-w 113 B-W-v. C-X-n-Â C-´-y³

D-]-{K-l-§-f-p-w h-m-W-n-P-y-m-S-n-Ø-m-\-

¯-n-Â \-m-w h-n-t£-]-n-¨ h-n-tZ-i-o-b

D-]-{K-l-§-f-p-w DÄ-s¸-S-p-w. 1999 a-p-

X-Â ]-e h-e-n-̧ -̄ -n-e-p-w X-c-̄ -n-e-p-w

s]-« 74 h-n-tZ-i-o-b D-]-{K-l-§-sf

h-m-W-n-P-y-m-S-n-Ø-m-\-¯-n-Â \-nÀ-±-n-

j-v-S {`-a-W-]-Y-§-f-n-Â I-r-X-y-a-m-b-n

F-¯-n-¨ PSLV C-¶-v A-´-m-c-m-j-v-{S

_-l-n-c-m-I-m-i h-n-t£-]-W h-n-]-W-n-

b-n-Â G-sd {i-²-n-¡-s¸-S-p-¶ H-c-p

h-m-l-\-a-m-W-v. Cu "-X-m-c-]-Z-h-n-¡-v-'

a-m-ä-p I-q -«-p -¶-X-m-b-nc-p -¶-p C-¡-

g-n-ª P-q¬ 22þ-m-w X-o-b-X-n \-S-¶

PSLV - C34 h-n-t£-]-W-w. \-½-p-tS-

X-pÄ-s¸-sS 20 D-]-{K-l-§-sf-b-m-W-v

Cu-sb-m-sc-m-ä h-n-t£-]-W-̄ -n-e-q-sS

\-m-w e-£-y-¯-n-se-¯-n-¨-X-v. C-¡-m-

c-y-¯-n-Â PSLV b-p-sS a-p³-I-m-e sd-

t¡-mÀ-U-v 2008Â 10 D-]-{K-l-§-f-p-a-m-

b-n \-nÀ-h-l-n-̈ C9 Zu-X-y-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

PSLVC34 Zu-X-y-¯-n-Â D-]-

{K-l-§-sf `-{Z-a-m-b-n h-l-n-¡-m-\-p-w

{`-a-W-]-Y-¯-n-Â thÀ-s¸-S-p-¯-m-\-p-



a-p-Å ]-p-X-n-b k-w-h-n-[-m-\-§Ä X-r-

]-v-X-n-I-c-a-m-b ]-c-o-£-W-§Ä-¡-p-w

h-n-e-b-n-c-p-¯-e-p-IÄ-¡-p-w ti-j-w

b-Y-m-k-a-b-w k-Ö-a-m-¡-m³ k-m-[-n-

¨-X-v Cu ta-J-e-b-n-Â \-a-p-¡-p-Å

ssh-Z-K-v-[-y-s¯ F-S-p-¯-p I-m-«-p-¶-p.

C-{X-b-[-n-I-w D-]-{K-l-§-sf H-c-p-a-n-̈ -v

_-l-n-c-m-I-m-i-¯-p kz-X-{´-a-m-¡-p-

t¼-mÄ A-h X-½-n-Â k-p-c-£-n-X-

a-m-b A-I-e-w ]-m-e-n-¡-¯-¡-h-n-[-w

{I-a-h-p-w Z-n-i-I-f-p-w a-p³-I-q-«-n \-n-Ý-

b-n-¡-p-¶-X-S-¡-a-p-Å sh-Ã-p-h-n-f-n-I-

sf-sbÃ-m-w k-aÀ-°-a-m-b-n t\-c-n-«-p

sI-m-|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p \-m-w C34 Zu-X-y-w

\-nÀ-h-l-n-¨-X-v.

ISROb-p-sS "I-mÀ-t«-m-k-m-ä-v-; (728

I-n-te-m-{K-m-w), sN-ss¶ k-X-y-`-m-a

b-q-W-n-th-g-v-k-n-ä-n-b-n-se h-n-Z-y-mÀ-°-n-

IÄ X-¿-m-d-m-¡-n-b "-k-X-y-`-m-a-k-m-ä-v-;

(1.6 I-n-te-m-{K-m-w) ]-q-s\ F-©-n-\-o-

b-d-n-w-K-v tI-m-tf-P-v h-n-Z-y-mÀ-°-n-IÄ

\-nÀ-½-n-¨ "-kz-b-w' (1 I-n-te-m-{K-m-w)

F-¶-n -h-b-m -W- v Cu Zu-X-y -¯-n -

e-pÄ-s¸-« C-´-y³ D-]-{K-l-§Ä.

a-ä-v ]-X-n-t\-g-v D-]-{K-l-§Ä A-ta-c-n-

¡,-I-m-\-U,-C-t´m-t\-j-y,- PÀ-½-\-n

F-¶-o c-m-P-y-§-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p-Å-h-b-m-

b-n-c-p-¶-p.-`-q-a-n-b-nÂ \-n-¶-v 510 I-n-te-m-

a-o-äÀ D-b-c-̄ -n-e-p-Å {[-p-h-n-b { -̀a-W-

]-Y-̄ -n-e-m-W-v C-h k-©-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v.

Cu Zu-X-y-¯-nÂ taÂ-¸-d-ª

D-]-{K-l-§-sf thÀ-s¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-«-v

G-X-m|-v 3000 sk-¡â-p-IÄ-¡-v

ti-j-w A-X-n-{]-[-m-\-a-m-b H-c-p ]-c-o-

£-W-w I-q-S-n \-m-w \-S-¯-p-I-b-p|-m-

b-n.- H-ä Zu-X-y-¯-nÂ-¯-s¶ h-y-

X-y-k-v-X D-]-{K-l-§-sf h-y-X-y-k-v-X

{`-a-W-]-Y-§-f-n-se-¯-n-¡-m-\-p-Å

]-n-F-k-v-FÂ-h-n-b-p-sS ti-j-n ]-c-o-

£-n-¨-p-d-¸-m-¡-p-I F-¶-X-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p

e-£-y-w.

C-X-n -te-¡-m -b-n {`-a -W-]-Y-

¯-nÂ Pz-e-\-a-h-k-m-\-n-¸-n-¨-v H-g-p-

I - n -\ -o -§-p -¶ \-m -e -m -w -L-« -s¯

D-WÀ-¯-n c|-p X-h-W ]-p-\-{]-

hÀ-¯-n-t¡|-n-b-n-c-p -¶-p.-t{]-c-W-

k-w-h-n-[-m-\-¯-n-sâ-b-p-w (Propulsion system)\-n -b-{´-W -k-w-h-n -[-m -\-

¯-nsâ-b-p-w (Control system)-£-

a-X C-¡-m-c-y-¯-nÂ {]-[-m-\-a-m-W-v.-

\-m-e-p sk-¡â-p- h-o-X-w \-o| c|-v

]-p-\:{]-hÀ-¯-\ ]-c-o-£-W-§-f-p-w ]-pÀ-® h-n-P-b-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p.

Cu ]-c-o-£-W-^-e-§Ä-¡-v ]-n-F-k-v-FÂ-h-n-b-p-sS A-S-p-¯ Zu-X-y-a-m-b

k-n 35Â \-nÀ-®-m-b-I-a-m-b ]-¦-p-h-l-n-¡-m-\-p|-v. ]-n-F-k-v-FÂ-h-n-þ-k-n35 Zu-X-y-

¯-nÂ sF-F-k-v-BÀ-H-b-p-sS k-v-I-m-ä-v-k-m-ä-v F-¶ D-]-{K-l-s¯ 720 I-n-te-m-

a-o-äÀ D-b-c-¯-n-e-p-Å A-X-m-b-X-v 50I-n-te-m-a-o-äÀ X-m-sg-b-p-Å H-c-p ]-Y-¯-nÂ

sI-m-s| -¯-n-t¡|-X-p|-v.

C-§-s\ sh-Ã-p-h-n-f-n-IÄ \-n-d-ª B-th-i-I-c-a-m-b A-\-h-[-n Zu-X-y-

§Ä ]-n-F-k-v-FÂ-h-n-b-v-¡-v h-c-p-w sI-m-Ã-§-f-nÂ \-nÀ-h-l-n-¡-m-\-p|-v.- D-Z-m-l-

c-W-¯-n-\-v k-q-c-y-s\ k-w-_-Ô-n-¨ \-n-c-o-£-W-§Ä-¡-m-b-n sF-F-k-v-BÀ-H-

X-¿-m-d-m-¡-p-¶ B-Z-n-X-y F-¶ i-m-k-v-{X-]-T-\ D-]-{K-l-s¯ A-X-n-sâ k-h-n-

ti-j {`-a-W-]-Y-¯-n-se-¯-n-¡-m-\-p-Å- N-p-a-X-e-b-p-w ]-n-F-k-v-FÂ-h-n-¡-m-W-v.-

k-m-t¦-X-n-I ssh-Z-K-v-[-y-h-p-w B-ß-h-n-iz-m-k-h-p-w A-X-n-e-p-]-c-n AÀ-̧ -W-t_-m-

[-h-p-w ssI-a-p-X-e-m-b-p-Å sF-F-k-v-BÀ-H -k-w-L-w F-tI-m-]-n-X-h-p-w k-a-b-_-Ô-n-

X-h-p-a-m-b A-X-n-sâ {]-b-X-v-\-ssi-e-n-b-n-e-q-sS Cu ]-n-F-k-v-FÂ-h-n h-n-t£-]-W-

§-sf-Ã-m-w I-r-X-y-a-m-b-p-w -̀w-K-n-b-m-b-p-w \-nÀ-h-l-n-¡-p-I X-s¶ sN-¿-p-w.



-l-̄ -m-b H-c-p I-mÀ-j-n-I k-w-k-v-I-r-X-n-b-p-sS D-Z-m-̄ _-n-w-_-a-m-b H-m-W-¡-m-e-w ]-g-a-sb ]-p-WÀ-¶-p-sI-m|-v F-̄ -p-I-b-m-b-n. a-m-th-e-n-a-¶-s\ F-X-n-tcÂ-¡-m³ I-m-̄ -n-c-n-¡-p-¶ a-e-b-m-f-n-I-f-p-sS a-\-Ê-nÂ ]-q-h-n-f-n D-W-c-p-I-b-m-b-n.

sF-iz-c-y-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w k-m-tl-m-Z-c-y-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w BÀ-̧ -p-h-n-f-n-I-f-p-a-m-b-n h-¶-W-b-p-I-b-m-b-n s]-m-t¶-m-W-w. Cu a-l-\-o-b-m-tL-m-j-w \-j-v-S-h-k-́ -̄ -n-sâ k-p-J-a-p-Å H-mÀ-½ {]-Z-m-\-w sN-¿-p-¶-p. sF-X-o-l-y-̄ -n-e-[-n-j-vT-n-X-a-m-b, k-a-Xz-k-p-µ-c \-m-f-p-I-f-p-sS, {]-X-o-I-m-ß-I-X-b-p-sS Cu a-tl-m-Õ-h-w tI-c-f-o-b-c-p-sS ]u-c-m-W-n-I P-o-h-n-X c-o-X-n-I-sf A-\-p-k-v-a-c-n-¡-p-I-b-p-w sN-¿-p-¶-p. B-[-p-\-n-I-X-b-p-sS BÀ-̀ -m-S-§-f-n-e-p-w H-f-n-a-§-m-̄ A-\-p-j-vT-m-\-a-m-b-n a-e-b-m-f-¡-c-b-nÂ C-¶-p-w ]-c-n-e-k-n-¡-p-¶-p, DÂ-k-h-Ñ-m-b-b-p-a-m-b-n F-̄ -p-¶ H-m-W-\-m-f-p-IÄ. ]-g-a-sb ]-p-W-c-p-¶ H-m-W-¡-m-e-̄ -n-e-q-sS \-m-sa-m-¶-v I-t®-m-S-n-̈ -mÂ \-m-«-p-]-g-a-b-p-sS l-c-n-X-̀ -w-K-n \-½-p-sS \-b-\-§Ä-¡-v B-kz-Z-n-¡-p-h-m³ k-m-[-n-¡-p-w. ]-̈ -]-n-S-n-̈ s\Â-̧ -m-S-§Ä s]-m-¶-W-n-b-p-I-b-p-w s\Â-a-W-n I-X-n-c-p-IÄ sI-m-¿-p-h-m-\-m-b-n IÀ-j-IÀ tI-m-̧ -p-I-q-«-p-¶-X-p-w H-m-W-¡-m-e-̄ -n-sâ Z-r-i-y-̀ -w-K-n-¡-v a-n-g-n-th-I-p-¶-p.

k-a-Xz-k-p-µ-c-a-m-b \-m-f-p-I-f-p-sS {]-X-o-I-a-m-b H-m-W-w a-tX-X-c-Xz-h-p-w a-m-\-p-j-n-I sF-I-y-h-p-w Du-«-n-D-d-̧ -n-¡-p-¶, tI-c-f-̄ -n-sâ tZ-i-o-b D-Õ-h-a-m-W-v. \-m-S-p-\-o-sf B-tL-m-j-þ-h-nÂ-]-\ ta-f-I-f-p-sS I-p-c-h-b-p-a-m-b-n F-̄ -p-¶ H-m-W-¡-m-e-w k-¼Â-k-a-r-²-n-b-p-sS \-Ã \-m-f-p-I-f-p-sS a-[-p-c-k-v-a-c-W-I-sf X-m-te-m-e-n-¡-p-h-m³ a-e-b-m-f-n-I-sf k-l-m-b-n-¡-p-¶-p. ]-ª-IÀ-¡-n-S-I-̄ -n-se C-S-a-p-d-n-b-m-̄ I-d-p-̄ -n-c-p| a-g-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p ]-g-b-I-m-e-̄ -v. I-m-e-w a-m-d-n-b-X-\-p-k-c-n-̈ -v I-m-e-m-h-Ø-b-v-¡-p-w h-y-X-n-b-m-\-a-p|-m-b-n. A-¶-s¯ a-g-b-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w a-e-b-m-f-¡-c-b-v-¡-v ta-m-N-\-w \Â-I-p-¶ N-n-§-a-m-k-w B-c-w-̀ -n-¡-p-¶-X-v IÀ-j-I Z-n-\-t -̄m-S-v I-q-S-n-b-m-W-v. X-p-SÀ-¶-v k-a-r-²-n-b-p-tS-b-p-w B-tL-m-j-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w H-m-W-\-m-f-p-IÄ h-c-h-m-b-n. IÀ-¡-n-S-I-

-̄n-sâ I-d-p-̄ a-q-S-p-]-S-w h-e-n-s -̈d-n-ª-v, H-m-W-̧ -q-¡-f-p-sS \-n-d-h-p-w ku-c-̀ -y-h-p-ta-́ -n-sb-̄ -p-¶ {]-i-m-́ k-p-µ-c-a-m-b s]-m-t¶-m-W \-m-f-p-I-f-nÂ ]-g-b-I-m-e-̄ -v \-m-«-n-se-Ã-m-b-n-S-̄ -p-w D-Õ-h e-l-c-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. k-m-a-q-l-y ]-c-n-j-v-IÀ-̄ -m-¡-f-m-b A-¿-¦-m-f-n, {i-o-\-m-c-m-b-W-K-p-c-p F-¶-n-h-c-p-sS P-b-́ -n H-m-W \-m-f-p-I-f-nÂ I-S-¶-p h-c-p-¶-X-v \-½-p-sS tZ-i-o-b D-Õ-h-̄ -n-sâ k-m-a-q-l-n-I {]-k-à-n-¡-v a-m-ä-p I-q-«-p-

¶-p|-v. H-m-W-s¡-m-b-v-̄ -n-\-v ti-j-w IÀ-j-I-c-p-sS -̀h-\-§-f-nÂ ]-̄ -m-b-§Ä s\Â-a-W-n-I-f-mÂ \-n-d-ª-n-c-p-¶ H-c-p I-m-e-a-p|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. tN-\, tN-¼-v, I-m-̈ -nÂ, I-n-g-§-v, G-̄ -¡-p-e, a-c-n-̈ -o-\-n F-¶n--h-sb-Ã-m-w ]-¦-p h-b-v-¡-p-¶-X-n-sâ H-c-p I-m-e-w I-q-S-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p ]-g-b H-m-W-¡-m-e-w.

]-p-s¶-Ã-n-sâ a-W-h-p-a-m-b-m-W-v ]-s|-m-s¡ H-m-W-w I-S-¶-p-h-¶-n-c-p-¶-X-v. N-n-§-a-m-k-̄ -nÂ {K-m-a-§-f-n-se I-m-ä-n-\-v I-ä-b-p-tS-b-p-w I-̈ -n-b-p-tS-b-p-w K-Ô-a-p|-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. I-f-̄ -n-e-n-«-v I-ä-sa-X-n-¡-p-¶ I-m-g-v-N N-n-§-̄ -n-sâ a-p-t¶-m-S-n-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-p-c-b-n-S-§-f-n-e-p-w ]-m-X-I-f-n-e-p-w I-̈ -n N-n-¡-n D-W-¡-p-¶ IÀ-j-I-c-p-sS I-m-g-v-N {K-m-a-§-f-nÂ A-¶-v ]-X-n-h-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. ]-g-a-¡-m-c-nÂ K-r-l-m-X-p-c-Xz-w k-r-j-v-S-n-¡-p-¶ H-m-W-\-m-f-p-I-f-p-sS B-K-a-\-w P-m-e-I-w X-p-d-¡-p-¶-X-v A-̄ -c-w \-m-«-p-]-g-a-I-f-p-sS l-c-n-X-̀ -w-K-n-b-n-te-¡-m-W-v. B I-mÀ-j-n-I k-v-a-c-W-I-f-n-te-¡-m-W-v. H-m-W-m-h-[-n-¡-v _-Ô-p-¡-f-p-tS-b-p-w k-p-l-r-¯-p-¡-f-p-tS-b-p-w h-o-S-p-I-f-nÂ h-n-c-p-¶-p t]-m-h-p-I ]-g-b-I-m-e i-o-e-a-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. h-o-S-p-I-f-nÂ B-tc-m-c-p-a-n-Ã-m-sX G-I-c-m-b-n I-g-n-b-p-¶ h-r-²-c-m-b a-m-X-m-]-n-X-m-¡-f-p-sS, Z-q-sc-b-p-Å a-¡-f-p-w, sI-m-̈ -p-a-¡-f-p-w C-¶-v F-̄ -p-w \-m-sf-sb-¯-p-w F-¶-p-Å ta-m-l-\ {]-X-o-£-IÄ-¡-v k-m-̂ -e-y-w e-̀ -n-¡-p-¶ k-p-µ-c k-p-Z-n-\-§-f-m-W-v H-m-W-¯-

-̧s\ h-c-thÂ-¡-p-¶ s]-m-t¶-m-W \-m-f-p-IÄ. a-q-e-y-§-f-p-sS D-Õ-h-a-m-b H-m-W-̄ -n-sâ H-c-\-p-̀ -h-a-m-W-v H-̄ -p-tN-cÂ. ]-g-b I-m-e-s¯ H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-§-f-p-w X-¿-m-sd-S-p-̧ -p-I-f-p-w D-WÀ-h-p-w D-Õ-m-l-h-p-w ]-g-a-¡-mÀ-¡-v a-[-p-c-k-v-a-c-W-I-f-m-b-n a-m-d-n-I-g-n-ª-p-sh-¦-n-e-p-w D-ä-h-c-p-sS H-̄ -p-I-q-SÂ H-c-p h-e-n-b H-m-W-k-½-m-\-a-m-b-n-̄ -s¶ C-¡-q-«À h-o-£-n-¡-p-¶-p. H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-̄ -n-sâ ]u-c-m-W-n-I {]u-V-n-b-p-w ]-c-¼-c-m-K-X B-N-m-c-m-\-p-j-vT-m-\-§-f-p-w I-m-e-̄ -n-sâ a-m-ä-§Ä-¡-\-p-k-c-n-̈ -v a-m-d-n-sI-m|-n-c-n-¡-p-I-b-m-sW-¦-n-e-p-w Z-i-I-§Ä F-{X I-g-n-ª-m-e-p-w H-m-W-m-h-[-n-¡-m-e-s¯ H-̄ -p-¡-q-SÂ A-{X s]-s«-¶-v I-p-d-ª-v h-c-p-sa-¶-v tX-m-¶-p-¶-n-Ã.

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«-̄ -h-n-b-p-a-m-b-n H-m-W-̄ -n-\-v F-̄ -p-¶ A-S-n-b-m-·-m-c-p-w -̀m-h-n ]-d-b-m³ h-o-S-p-IÄ tX-m-d-p-w I-b-d-n-b-n-d-§-p-¶ I-m-¡-m-¯-n-b-p-sa-Ã-m-w a-p-¯-È-n-a-m-c-p-sS A-\-p-̀ -h-I-Y-I-f-m-b-n a-m-{X-w C-f-w X-e-a-p-d-¡-mÀ B-kz-Z-n-̈ -p-h-c-p-¶-p. s]-m-b-v-t]-m-b \-Ã-I-m-e-̄ -n-sâ k-p-hÀ-®-k-v-a-r-X-n-IÄ X-p-b-n-e-p-WÀ-̄ -p-¶ H-m-W-ta-f-I-f-nÂ t]-c-p-tI-« ]-e {]-m-tZ-i-n-I B-tL-m-j-§-f-p-a-p|-v. h-Å-w-I-f-n-IÄ, ]-p-e-n-I-f-n, A-¯-¨-a-b-w, X-r-¡-m-¡-c D-Õ-h-w F-¶-n-§-s\-t]-m-I-p-¶-p A-h-sb-m-s¡. A-̄ -w a-p-XÂ 10 Z-n-h-k-w a-p-ä-̄ -v ]-q-¡-f-sa-m-c-p-¡-p-¶ A-¶-s¯ k-p-µ-c I-m-g-v-N-IÄ C-¶-v A-]-qÀ-Æ-a-m-b-n. I-S-p-h-m-I-f-n, \-m-S³ ]-́ -p-I-f-n, a-c-a-S-n-a-Õ-c-w X-p-S-§-n-b \-m-S³ I-e-m-ta-f-IÄ H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-

-̄n-sâ k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I k-¼-¶-X-b-v-¡-v a-n-g-n-th-I-p-¶-p.

]-«-n-W-n F-s -́¶-v A-d-n-b-m-̄ C-¶-s¯ _-l-p-̀ -q-c-n-]-£-w X-e-a-p-d-b-v-¡-p-w H-m-W-̄ -n-se h-n-̀ -h-k-a-r-²-a-m-b k-Z-y-b-nÂ h-e-n-b {]-k-à-n I-s|-¯-p-h-m³ k-m-[-n-¡-n-Ã-m-b-n-c-n-¡-m-w. F-¶-mÂ ]-ª-a-m-k-a-m-b, ]-«-n-W-n-a-m-k-a-m-b IÀ-¡-n-SI-¯-nÂ ]|-v ]-e ]-p-c-I-f-n-e-p-w A-S-p-̧ -nÂ \-n-¶-v X-o ]-p-I-b-m-d-n-Ã-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. A-§-s\-b-p-Å ]-X-n-\-m-b-n-c-¡-W-¡-n-\-v tI-c-f-o-bÀ-¡-v k-a-r-²-a-m-b k-Z-y \Â-I-p-¶ H-m-W-w k-t -́m-j-̄ -n-sâ-b-p-w k-a-r-²-n-b-p-sS-b-p-w H-c-p D-Õ-h-w X-s¶-b-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p. D-S-p-X-p-W-n-¡-v a-d-p-X-p-W-n-b-n-Ã-m-X-n-c-p-¶ I-q-c-I-f-n-se I-p-«-n-IÄ-¡-v H-m-W-̄ -n-\-v ]-p-X-n-b ]-p-S-h I-n-«-p-sa-¶-v B-iz-m-k-w A-h-sc h-f-sc-tb-sd k-t -́m-j-c-m-¡-n-b-n-c-p-¶-p. H-m-W-̄ -n-\-v e-̀ -n-¡-p-¶ I-q-e-n A-Uz-m³-k-p-w t_-m-W-k-p-w a-ä-p-w a-¡Ä-¡-v ]-p-X-n-b h-k-v-{X-§Ä h-m-§-n-s¡-m-S-p-¡-p-h-m³ I-q-e-n-̧ -W-n-¡-m-c-m-b k-m-[-p-¡-sf-b-p-w k-l-m-b-n-¨-n-c-p-¶-p. I-p-t_-c-sâ h-o-«-n-se I-p-«-n ]-p-X-n-b D-S-p-

-̧p-w k-Z-y-b-p-sa-m-¶-p-a-Ã-m-b-n-c-p-¶-p H-m-W-

¡-m-e-̄ -n-sâ {]-tX-y-I-X-b-m-b-n I|-n-c-p-¶-X-v. k-v-I-qÄ ]T-\-̄ -nÂ \-n-¶-p-w S-y-q-j-\-nÂ \-n-¶-p-sa-Ã-m-w ]-qÀ-®-a-m-b H-c-p ta-m-N-\-w. H-c-m-g-v-N-s¯ I-f-n, A-b-e-s¯ I-p-«-n-I-tf-m-sS-m-̧ -w. I-q-S-m-sX _-Ô-p-h-o-S-p-I-f-nÂ \-n-¶-p-w k-a-{]-m-b-¡-m-sc-̄ -p-w. F-Ã-m-h-c-p-w I-q-S-n-t¨À-¶-v A-h-c-p-sS A-h-[-n-¡-m-e-w i-c-n-¡-p-w B-kz-Z-n-̈ -n-c-p-¶-p. D-t -̧c-n sI-m-d-n-̈ -p-sI-m|-v Du-ª-m-e-m-S-n-b-p-w ]-q-¡Ä ti-J-c-n-̈ -p-w A-̄ -̧ -q-¡-f-w H-c-p-¡-n-b-p-w H-m-W-̧ -m-«-p-IÄ ]-m-S-n I-f-n-̈ -p-w A-hÀ H-c-m-g-v-N _-l-p-tI-a-a-m-b-p-w s]-m-S-n-s]-m-S-n-¡-p-¶-p. _-Ô-\-§-f-n-Ã-m-̄ , X-Ã-p-w h-g-¡-p-w i-n-£-b-p-w i-m-k-\-b-p-a-n-Ã-m-̄ ]-̄ -p Z-n-h-k-s¯ sh-t¡-j³. H-m-W-

-̧c-o-£-sb-g-p-X-n £-o-W-n-̈ h-n-Z-y-mÀ-°-n-I-f-p-sS i-c-o-c-̄ -n-\-p-w ]T-\-̄ -n-sâ ]-n-c-n-a-p-d-¡-̄ -n-e-m-b-n-c-p-¶ a-\-Ê-n-\-p-w I-p-f-nÀ-a-b-p-w ]-p-X-n-sb-m-c-p D-t·-j-h-p-w \Â-I-n h-o|-p-w A-h-sc k-Ö-c-m-¡-p-¶-p, H-m-W-m-h-[-n.

H-m-W-¯-n-\-v H-c-p i-{X-p-h-p|-v. H-sc-m-ä i-{X-p-th-b-p-Å-q. a-e-b-m-f-¡-c-b-p-sS s]-m-·-I-f-m-b a¬-k-q¬ X-s¶-b-m-W-v a-e-b-m-f-n-I-f-p-sS tZ-i-o-b D-Õ-h-a-m-b H-m-W-¯-n-sâ {]-[-m-\ ssh-c-n-b-p-w. C-S-h-̄ -nÂ X-p-S-§-p-¶ a-g N-n-§-¯-nÂ \-n-e-¨-n-sÃ-¦-nÂ H-m-W-¯-n-sâ D-WÀ-h-p-w D-Õ-h-e-l-c-n-b-p-w sh-Å-̄ -n-e-m-b-X-p X-s¶. ]-g-b-I-m-e-¯-v s]-b-v-X-n-c-p-¶ C-S-a-p-d-n-b-m-¯ I-\-¯ \-o|-\-m-f-s¯ a-g-b-nÂ s]-m-d-p-X-n-a-p-«-n-¡-g-n-ª-n-c-p-¶ a-e-b-m-f-n-IÄ "H-m-W-¡-m-e-s¯' ]-̄ -v D-W-¡-n-\-p-th|-n {]-X-y-m-i-tb-m-sS-b-m-W-v I-m-¯-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. A-¯-w a-p-XÂ ]-̄ -p Z-n-h-k-sa-¦-n-e-p-w a-g-b-n-Ã-m-sX \-Ã sh-b-nÂ e-̀ -n-̈ -n-sÃ-¦-nÂ a-p-ä-s¯ ]-q-¡-f-w a-m-{X-a-Ã F-Ã-m H-m-W-¡-f-n-I-f-p-w ta-f-§-f-p-w ¢-º-p-I-f-p-sS tb-m-K-§-f-p-w sN-f-n-sh-Å-̄ -nÂ

I-e-§-n-b-X-p-X-s¶. N-n-§-a-m-k-̄ -nÂ a-p-f-̈ -p-h-c-p-¶ {K-m-a-o-W k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I k-w-L-S-\-I-f-p-sS I-e-m-]-c-n-]-m-S-n-I-f-p-w I-m-b-n-I h-n-t\-m-Z a-Õ-c-§Ä a-m-{X-a-Ã X-e-Ø-m-\ \-K-c-n-b-nÂ \-S-¡-p-¶ P-\-̧ -I-n-«-mÀ-¶ h-¼-n-̈ k-m-w-k-v-I-m-c-n-I tL-m-j-b-m-{X-b-p-w a-g-sh-Å-̄ -nÂ I-p-X-nÀ-¶-X-p X-s¶.

C-¶-s¯ X-e-a-p-d ]-g-b H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-§-f-p-w A-´-c-o-£-h-p-w ]-g-a-¡-m-c-p-sS A-\-p-̀ -h-I-Y-I-f-n-e-q-sS A-d-n-b-p-¶-p. I-m-c-W-w H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-

-̄n-\-p-w H-c-p-¡-̄ -n-\-p-sa-m-s¡ h-e-n-b a-m-ä-§Ä h-¶-n-c-n-¡-p-¶-p. A-X-n-\-v k-m-a-q-l-y-]-c-a-m-b I-m-c-W-§-f-p-a-p|-v. h-o-«-p k-m-[-\-§-f-p-tS-b-p-w I-c-Iu-i-e k-m-[-\-§-f-p-sS-b-p-w sF BÀ U-n ]-n ta-f-I-f-p-tS-b-p-w tI-f-n-c-w-K-a-m-b-n-̄ -o-c-p-¶ h-n-i-n-j-v-S H-m-W-N-́ -I-f-p-w B-tL-m-j e-l-c-n-b-nÂ tj-m-̧ -n-w-K-v \-S-̄ -p-¶ P-\-§-f-p-w, a-m-d-n \-nÂ-¡-p-¶ a¬-k-q¬ a-g-b-p-w Cu k-w-Ø-m-\ D-Õ-h-̄ -n-\-v a-m-ä-p-I-q-«-p-¶-p.

k-m-¦Â-̧ -n-I-sa-¦-n-e-p-w, k-a-Xz-k-p-µ-c-a-m-sb-m-c-p te-m-I-̄ -nÂ a-m-\-h-sc-Ã-m-w H-¶-p-t]-m-se P-o-h-n-̈ -n-c-p-¶, A-h-sc \-Ã c-o-X-n-b-nÂ -̀c-n-̈ -n-c-p-¶, a-m-th-e-n-b-p-sS I-Y ]-d-ª-p-X-c-p-¶ H-m-W-w a-e-b-m-f-n-I-sf-Ã-m-w H-s -̄m-c-p-a-tb-m-sS B-tL-m-j-n-¡-p-t¼-mÄ X-oÀ-̈ -b-m-b-p-w A-X-n-sâ {]-̀ -m-h-w hÀ-²-n-¡-p-I-b-m-W-v sN-¿-p-¶-X-v. a-tX-X-c-Xz-h-p-w a-m-\-p-j-n-I sF-I-y-h-p-w sF-iz-c-y-h-p-w A-̀ -n-h-r-²-n-b-p-w k-a-m-[-m-\-h-p-a-p-Å H-c-p P-o-h-n-X-

-̄n-sâ {]-X-n-I-m-ß-I-X-b-m-W-v H-m-W-w \-a-p-¡-v k-½-m-\-n-¡-p-¶-X-v. XÀ-¡-h-p-w b-p-²-h-p-w ]-n-c-n-a-p-d-p-¡-h-p-w {]-i-v-\-§-f-p-a-n-Ã-m-̄ , I-Å-h-p-w N-X-n-b-p-a-n-Ã-m-̄ , Z-m-c-n-{Z-y c-l-n-X-a-m-b P-o-h-n-X-w ]-S-p-̄ -p-bÀ-¯-m³ H-m-W-m-tL-m-j-§-f-p-sS B-́ -c-n-I-mÀ-°-w a-m-\-h-c-m-i-n-sb D-Z-v-t_-m-[-n-̧ -n-¡-p-¶-p.



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C-þ-K-th-W³-k-v k-p-X-m-c-y-h-p-w D-]-t -̀m-à-r ku-l-r-Z-h-p-a-m-¡-n a-m-ä-p-I F-¶-X-m-W-v

e-£-y-a-m-¡-p-¶-X-v.

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Xt±‑i‑kz‑bw`‑c‑W h‑Ip‑∏p‑am‑bn _‑‘‑s∏‑´ k¿‑°m¿ D‑Ø‑c‑hpIƒ, k¿‑°p‑e‑dpIƒ, Kk‑‰v hn‑⁄m‑]‑\‑ßƒ F‑∂n‑h‑bp‑sS ]q¿‑Æ cq]w www.lsgkerala.gov.in sh_v‑ssk‑‰n¬ e‑`y‑amWv.

Edited and Published by V. Ratheesan IAS, Director of Panchayats, Govt. of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 033and Printed for GLM at Orange Printers Pvt. Ltd., Thiruvananthapuram

X-t±-i kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-n-se P-\-{]-X-n-\-n-[-n-I-f-p-sS {]-X-n-a-m-k H-m-W-td-d-n-b-w C-c-«-n-b-m-¡-n hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¨-pX-t±-i kz-b-w-`-c-W Ø-m-]-\-§-f-n-se P-\-{]-X-n-\-n-[-n-I-f-p-sS {]-X-n-a-m-k H-m-W-td-d-n-b-w 1.7.2016 a-p-XÂ

a-p³-I-m-e {]-m-_-e-y-t¯-m-sS C-c-«-n-b-m-¡-n hÀ-²-n-¸-n-¨-p

(-kÀ-¡-mÀ D-¯-c-h-v \-¼À þ30/2016/X-kz-`-h-þ-X-o-¿-X-n 10.8.2016)

]-{´|-m-w ]-©-hÂ-k-c ]-²-X-n a-mÀ-¤tc-J-b-p-w k-_-v-k-n-U-n a-mÀ-¤-tc-J-b-p-w I-q-S-p-XÂ DÄ-s¸-S-p-¯-e-p-IÄ \-S-¯-n t`-Z-K-X-n sN-b-v-X D-¯-c-h-v]-{´|-m-w ]-©-hÂ-k-c ]-²-X-n-b-n-se a-mÀ-¤-tc-J-b-p-w k-_-v-k-n-U-n a-mÀ-¤-tc-J-b-p-w IqS-p-XÂ DÄ-s¸-S-p-

¯-e-p-IÄ A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¨-v t`-Z-K-X-n sN-b-v-X-v D-¯-c-h-v ]-p-d-s¸-S-p-h-n-¨-p.- ]-p-X-n-b lu-k-n-w-K-v t{]-m-P-I-v-S-p-IÄ

G-sä-S-p-¡Â k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-m-W-v ]-p-X-n-b DÄ-s¸-S-p-¯Â. F-k-v-k-n h-n-`-m-K-¯-n-e-p-Å h-n-Z-y-mÀ-°-n-IÄ-¡-p-Å

e-m-]-v-v-tS-m-¸-v h-n-X-c-W-w,-ssk-¡-nÄ h-n-X-c-W-w,-s\Â-I-r-j-n sN-e-h-v ,-B-\-p-I-q-e-y-§Ä-¡-p-Å h-c-p-a-m-\ ]-c-n-

[-n C-h-b-n-e-m-W-v t`-Z-K-X-n DÄ-s¸-S-p-¯-n-b-n-«-p-Å-X-v

(-kÀ-¡-mÀ D-¯-c-h-v \-¼À 2464/16 X-kz-`-h X-o-¿-X-n 17/8/2016)

`-n-¶-ti-j-n-¡-m-c-m-b h-y-à-n-I-f-p-sS h-n-h-c-§Ä DÄ-¡-m-Å-p-¶ c-P-n-Ì-vÀ k-q-£-n-¡-p-¶-X-v k-w-_-Ô-n-¨ \-nÀ-t±-i-§Ä A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¨-p-sI-m|-p-Å D-¯-c-h-v`-n-¶-ti-j-n-¡-m-c-m-b F-Ã-m h-y-à-n-I-f-p-sS-b-p-w h-n-h-c-§Ä DÄ-s¡-m-Å-p-¶ H-c-p c-P-n-Ì-vÀ F-Ã-m {K-m-a-]-

©-m-b-¯-p-I-f-n-e-p-w \-nÀ-_-Ô-a-m-b-n k-q-£-n-¡-W-sa-¶ tI-{µ-]-©-m-b-¯-n-c-m-P-v a-{´-m-e-b-¯-n-sâ \-nÀ-t±-

i-a-\-p-k-c-n-¨-v C-X-p k-w-_-Ô-n-¨ a-mÀ-¤-\-nÀ-t±-i-§Ä A-w-K-o-I-c-n-¨-p-sI-m|-p-Å D-¯-c-h-v ]-p-d-¯-n-d-§-n

(kÀ-¡-mÀ D-¯-c-h-v (-k-m-[-m)\-w-þ2465/16 X-kz-`-h X-o-¿-X-n 17/8/2016)

P-n-Ã-m- B-k-q-{X-W I-½-n-ä-n A-w-K-§-f-p-sS -F-®-h-p-w k-w-h-c-W Ø-m-\-§-f-p-w \-n-Ý-b-n-¨-v sI-m|-p-Å D-¯-c-h-v P-n-Ã-m- B-k-q-{X-W I-½-n-ä-n-b-n-se P-n-Ã-m ]-©-m-b-¯-v A-w-K-§-f-p-sS-b-p-w a-p-\-n-k-n-¸Â Iu¬-k-n-eÀ-a-m-c-p-sS-

b-p-w F-®-h-p-w k-w-h-c-W-Ø-m-\-§-f-p-sS F-®-h-p-w ]-p-X-p-¡-n \-n-Ý-b-n-¨-v D-¯-c-h-m-b-n

(kÀ-¡-mÀ D-¯-c-h-v \-¼À (-k-m-[-m) þ2444/16 X-kz-`-h X-n-c-p-h-\-´-]-p-c-w X-o-¿-X-n 12/8/2016)

k-n-\-n-a-m- X-n-tb-ä-d-p-I-f-nÂ C-þ-S-n-¡-ä-n-w-K-v k-{¼-Z-m-b-w \-S-̧ -n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-v 30.11.2016 h-sc \-o-«-n-h-̈ -ptI-c-f-¯-n-se k-n-\-n-a-m -X-n-b-ä-d-p-I-f-nÂ I-m-c-y-£-a-h-p-w I-p-ä-a-ä-X-p-a-m-b c-o-X-n-b-nÂ S-n-¡-ä-v h-n-X-c-W-¯-n-\-v

th|-n ]-p-X-n-b C-e-I-v-t{S-m-W-n-I-v-k-v D-]-I-c-W-§Ä Ø-m-]-n-¨-v C-þ-S-n-¡-ä-n-w-K-v k-{¼-Z-m-b-w GÀ-s¸-S-p-¯--m-

\-p-Å X-o-c-p-a-m-\-w \-S-¸-n-e-m-¡-p-¶-X-v 30.11.2016 h-sc \-o-«-n-h-¨-p

(kÀ-¡-mÀ D-¯-c-h-v \-¼À (BÀ-S-n)2524/2016FÂ-F-k-v-P-n-U-n X-o-¿-X-n 26/8/2016

{K-m-a-]-©-m-b-¯-n-se {i-t²-b-a-m-b {]-hÀ-¯-\-§-f-p-w ]-²-X-n-I-f-p-w k-w-_-Ô-n-¨ h-n-h-c-h-p-w

-N-n-{X-§-f-p-w [email protected] F-¶ C-þ-sa-b-nÂ h-n-e-m-k-¯-nÂ A-b-¨-v X-¶-mÂ B-b-X-v

]-c-n-ti-m-[-n-¨-v {]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-p-¶-X-m-W-v.

]-©-m-b-¯-v c-m-P-v a-m-k-n-I-b-nÂ {]-k-n-²-o-I-c-n-¡-m-\-p-Å k-r-j-v-S-n-IÄ A-b-¡-p-¶-X-v k-w-_-Ô-n-¨-v

X-p-I c-q-]-b-nÂ

IhÀ (A-h-k-m-\-]-pd-w) IfÀ 12000/-

IhÀ (DÄhi-w) IfÀ 10000/-

I-hÀ (DÄ-hi-w) »-m-¡-v & ssh-ä-v 8000/-

a-ä-p t]-P-pIÄ (IfÀ) 8000/-

a-ä-p t]-P-pIÄ (»-m-¡-v & ssh-ä-v) 6000/-

A-c t]P-v (IfÀ) 5000/-

A-c t]-P-v (»-m-¡-v & sshä-v) 3000/-

]ck-y \-nc¡-v

Edited and Published by V. Ratheesan IAS, Director of Panchayats, Govt. of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 033and Printed for GLM at Orange Printers Pvt. Ltd., Thiruvananthapuram

Printed & Published by V. Ratheesan IAS, Director, Dept. of Panchayats on behalf of Govt. of Kerala andPrinted at Orange Printers Pvt. Ltd (for GLM), Pulimood, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala - 695 001 and Published at Directorate of Panchayats,

Museum P.O., Thiruvananthapuram - 695 033, Kerala. Editor: C.A. Latha IAS

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