Types of Writing

ExpositoryNarrativePersuasive

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Expository

Explain an event or an concept

2

Narrative

Tells a story (fiction)

3

Persuasive

Try to persuade or convince you to do something

4

Genre

The type of story

Fiction

Non-fiction

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Non-fiction

True, based on facts

Earthquakes

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Biography

Story written about someone’s life

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Autobiography

Life story written by that same person

8

Fiction

Not true, fake, not based in facts

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Science fiction

Takes place in the future

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Historical fiction

Fiction takes place in the past

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Realistic fiction

Type of fiction that could be real

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Legend

Story that keeps growing

The legend of Sleepy Hollow

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Myth

Story about gods

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Fable

Story that teaches a lesson or moralAnimals are usually the characters

15

Fairy tale

Usually ends with “happily ever after”

Cinderella

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Fantasy

Story that uses a lot of imagination

Movie examples?

17

Author

The person that writes a story

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Narrator

Someone who tells the story

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Illustrator

Draws the pictures or visuals for the story

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characters

People in the story

21

Setting

Place and time of the story

22

conflict

Problem in the story

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climax

The most exciting part of the story

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Theme

What the story is mainly about

Big idea

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Dialogue

Where characters speak to one another; may often be used to substitute for exposition.

Comics and plays

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1st person point of view

Uses I and my and we and ours

I WeMyOur

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3rd person point of view

Uses his and her and they

HeSheTheyHaroldEsperanza

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Voice

Add some personality to your writing

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Tone

Tells the mood of the story

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Visual/Illustration/Image

A picture from the story

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Summary

Retell the main parts of the story

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Chronological order/ Sequence

Telling the story in the correct order

12345

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Figurative language/Figure of speech

Use of language where the intended meaning differs from the actual literal meaning of the words themselves

Metaphor SimileHyperbole PersonificationOnomatopoeia Verbal IronyOxymoron

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Metaphor

Comparison that says one thing is something else

Papa is a mule and won’t understand

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Simile

Comparison using like or as

He is as blind as a bat

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Hyperbole

An exaggerationThat was the fanciest birthday party in the world!

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Personification

Human traits for something not human

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Onomatopoeia

Sound effect words

The tic-tac of the clock.

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Verbal irony

Where the meaning of a specific expression is, or is intended to be, the exact opposite of what the words literally mean. (Sarcasm is a tone of voice that often accompanies verbal irony, but they are not the same thing.)

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Oxymoron

A contradiction in terms.

Romeo describes love using several oxymorons, such as “cold fire,” “feather of lead” and “sick health,” to suggest its contradictory nature.

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Idiom

Give different meanings to words and phrases

Hey, Al. I was invited to be a judge for the Miss America Beauty Pageant!Oh, really? Come on, you're pulling my leg!No, honestly. Do you really think that I'm trying to fool you with a ridiculous story?Well, you've told me foolish stories before.I can assure you that this one is for real.

It’s raining cats

and dogs

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Foreshadowing

Where future events in a story, or perhaps the outcome, are suggested by the author before they happen

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Symbolism/Imagery

When words make pictures in your mind

White-purity

Red?

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Added to the beginning of the word

Re-readPre-viewUn-cover

Prefix

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Suffix

Added to the end of the word

Document-ationPublish-erSoft-enChild-ish

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Synonym

Same meaning

Huge=massiveStrange=bizarre

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Antonym

Opposites

Colorful ≠ ColorlessUnknown ≠ Famous

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Homonym

Sound the same spelled the same different meaning

Rose

The rose is beautiful

Jesus rose from the death on the third day

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Homophone

Has the same sound but different spelling and meaning

RedRead

BlueBlew

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Alliteration

Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers

Repeat the same sound at the beginning of the word.

51

Assonance

The repetition of vowel sounds

52

Analyze

Take apart; give reasons, piece by piece

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Compare

How are they alike and different?

54

Contrast

What is different?

55

Infer

Draw a conclusion

56

Trace

Copy, follow the steps review.

57

Formulate

Develop or create, come up with a plan

58

Describe

Tell who, what, when, where and how.

59

Explain

Tell what it means. Use who, what, when, where and how.

60

Summarize

Tell it in your own words

61

Evaluate

What do you think? Check it out!

62

Support

Back it up!

63

Predict

What will happen next

64

Predict

Tells what happens next

65

Poetry

RhymeBlank verseRhyme schemeStanzaMeterRepetition

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Rhyme

The similarity of ending sounds existing between two wordsBid me to weep, and I will weep,While I have eyes to see; And having none, yet I will keep A heart to weep for thee.

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Blank Verse

Non-rhyming poetry, usually written in iambic pentameter. (Shakespeare)

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Rhyme Scheme

The sequence in which the rhyme occurs. The first end sound is represented as letter a, the second as b…

Bid me to weep, and I will weep, aWhile I have eyes to see; b And having none, yet I will keep a A heart to weep for thee. b

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Stanza

A grouping of two or more lines of a poem in terms of length, metrical form, or rhyme scheme

70

Meter

The recurrence of a pattern of stressed and understressed syllables.

Charging down the King’s path steady

/ ~ / ~ / ~ / ~ 8 A

On to meet our death charge ready

/ ~ / ~ / ~ / ~ 8 A

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Repetition

The repeating of words, phrases, lines or stanzas.

Love is a red, red rose.

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