Three Main Types of Rocks Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks ...
Types of rocks
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Transcript of Types of rocks
8/4/2010
What is a rock?
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• Most rocks are made of minerals.
• Rocks can be put into three basic rock
types: igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic.
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Geologists
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Three Types of Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic RocksIgneous Rocks
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Types of Rocks
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Igneous Rocks
• Fire Rocks
• Formed underground by trapped, cooled
magma
• Formed above ground when volcanoes
erupt and magma cools
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• The oldest type of all rocks is the igneous rock
• Deep inside the earth, the temperature is very high
and the minerals there are in liquid form called
magma. As the magma pushes towards the earth's
surface, it starts to cool and turns into solid igneous
rock.
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Types of Igneous Rocks
Granite Scoria
Pumice Obsidian
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Sedimentary Rocks
• Wind and water break down the earth
• Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers
• Layers are formed and build up
• Pressure and time turn the layers to rock
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• Erosion means that rocks are broken up into smaller pieces by wind, water, and ice. These small pieces of rock turn into pebbles, gravel, sand, and clay.
• These pieces settle in a new place and begin to pile up and the sediments form flat layers. Over a long period of time, the pieces become pressed together and form solid rock called sedimentary rock.
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Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Gypsum
Sandstone
Shale
Limestone
Conglomerate
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Metamorphic Rocks
• Rocks that have changed
• They were once igneous or sedimentary
• Pressure and heat changed the rocks
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Metamorphic rocks form deep in the earth
where high temperature,
great pressure,
and chemical reactions cause one type of rock to
change into another type of rock over time.
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Types of Metamorphic Rocks
Schist Gneiss
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Famous Rocks Scavenger Hunt
Let the Hunt Begin! How many
of these rocks do you know?8/4/2010
The faces of four great American
presidents are carved in this granite
mountain in South Dakota?
Mount Rushmore
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Independence Rock
This was an important landmark for the pioneers
traveling out west.
Many of the travelers carved or painted their
names on this rock.
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Mount Saint Helen
There are about 500 active volcanoes in the
world today. The most famous volcano in the
United States is?(hint: it is in the state of Washington)
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Grand Canyon
You can see many layers of colorful
sedimentary rock in this canyon in Arizona.
A long time ago, it was under water.
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Hope Diamond
This famous diamond is the largest stone
found of this type.
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Stone Mountain
The world's largest mass of exposed
granite is located in Georgia. This mass is
sometimes called
“The Eighth Wonder of the World".
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Garden of the Gods
This famous rock formation is a region of huge
red and white sandstone rock masses that rise
in strange shapes. This rock formation is
located near Colorado Springs, Colorado.
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Rocks are Different Sizes
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The Importance of Rocks and Minerals
Name Type of Rock Use
Basalt Igneous Used in road building
materials
Calcite Mineral Used in cements and mortars and the production of lime
Granite Igneous Used for buildings, monuments, and tombstones
Marble Metamorphic Used in building, floors, tile in bathrooms
Obsidian Igneous Used in making arrowheads and knives
Pumice Igneous Used in scouring, scrubbing, and polishing materials
Quartz Mineral Used in making glass, electrical components, and optical lenses
Sandstone Sedimentary Used in the building industry for houses
Slate Metamorphic Used for roofs, chalkboards, and patio walks
Uses of Rock and Minerals
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SEDIMENTARY rock Has been formed in layers
Often found near water sources With fossils from decayers
Then there's IGNEOUS rock Here since Earth was born
Molten Lava, cooled and hardened That's how it is formed
These two types of rocks Can also be transformed
With pressure, heat and chemicals METAMORPHIC they'll become.8/4/2010
• Rocks is a natural material called minerals.
• Some types of rock, such as granite, are very hard.
• Some types of rock, such as chalk, are very soft.
• Rocks come in many different colors.
• Rocks have different patterns in them.
• Rock does not burn when it is heated.
• Rock does not let electricity flow through it.
• Rock is not attracted by magnets.
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Credits
• http://library.thinkquest.org/J002289/
• http://www.unitedsteaming.com
Rocks: The Solid Earth Materials #1 (clips)
Magic School Bus Rocks and Rolls
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