Types of Early Childhood Programs
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Transcript of Types of Early Childhood Programs
Types of Early Childhood Programs
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Key Concepts
There are many types of child care programs, all of which have advantages and disadvantages.
Child care programs can have public, private, or employer sponsorship.
Licensing and accreditation are important in the selection of child care programs.
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Objectives
List and describe the various types of early childhood programs available to parents and their children.
Assess the advantages and disadvantages of each type of program.
Name the three types of center sponsorship.
continued
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Objectives
Explain steps families may take in choosing quality child care.
List indications of quality in early childhood programs.
Recognize licensing rules and regulations that help keep centers safe.
List the components of center accreditation.
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Family Child Care Homes
Family child care homes provide child care by people other than a relative or parent Often in private neighborhood homes Some states require licensing May attend up to 12 hours a day
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Child Care Centers
Child care centers are the most popular type of service
Programs based on provider skills and state licensing requirements Some offer whole child curriculum Some offer custodial care
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Montessori Schools
Montessori schools focus on self-education in a prescribed sequence
The Montessori approach stresses independence with little help from teachers practical life experiences sensory training mastered before academics are
introduced
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Head Start
The Head Start program was designed by the federal government in the 1960s to overcome the negative effects of poverty on young children Provides child care for infants, toddlers, and
four- to five-year-olds from low-income families May be full- or part-time; in a center or home Provides medical and social services
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Head Start
Education Curriculum is designed to build self-esteem that
will lead to future success Family involvement is key Curiosity Self-confidence Self-discipline
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Head Start
Nutrition One snack and one hot meal every day
Health services provided Dental Medical including immunizations Mental health
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Head Start
Parental involvement Recruiting new children Assisting in the center Taking part in policy meetings
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Did You Know?
Head Start is administered under the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
Two-thirds of the nearly 1,335,600 individuals who volunteer are parents.
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Kindergarten
Kindergarten is part of most private and public school systems
Schedules include half-day full-day full-day/alternating day
sessions
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Kindergarten
Program goals and objectives include respect for the contributions, property, and
rights of other children development of positive feelings about school development of positive self-concept growth in language, social, physical, and
creative skills
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Kindergarten
Program goals and objectives include achievement of problem-solving and
cognitive skills development of independence, shown by
working alone on a task or developing self-help skills
development of interpersonal skills appreciation of objects of beauty
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Kindergarten
Curriculum may vary from school to school It can include
preacademic skills social development creative activities
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School-Age Care
Children from ages 5 to 10 most often attend school-age child care programs Before- and after-school care Sponsored by schools, religious organizations,
or child care centers Programs supplement regular classes
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School-Age Care
Checking-in-services are provided for parents of older children Call the home and check whether the child has
arrived safely
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Parent Cooperatives
Parent cooperatives allow parents to prepare budgets hire teachers set program policies and goals assist in the classroom utilize full- or half-days
Developmental experiences for adults as well as children
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Parent Cooperatives
Advantages Teachers can devote more time to curriculum,
while parents take care of the administrative activities
Special relationship between parents and teachers
Disadvantages Teachers have less control; rules set by parents
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Parent Cooperatives
Sessions Two to three hours per day Two to five days a week
Fees Less than other programs Paid head teacher, with parents performing all
additional duties
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Laboratory Schools
Laboratory schools are university- and college-affiliated programs Train future teachers Serve as a study group for research Have highly qualified staff Have well-planned curriculum Use excellent equipment
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High School Child Care Programs
High school child care programs train future child care professionals
Laboratory facilities for students to work with preschoolers while supervised by a teacher Operate two or three days a week Curriculum is planned by high school students Students observe and work directly with children
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Sponsorship of Early Childhood Centers
Public, private, or employer-sponsored child care centers
Public sponsorships include Head Start public university child care centers publically funded preschools, laboratory
schools, and high school child care programs
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Sponsorship of Early Childhood Centers
Private sponsorships may be operated by houses of worship hospitals charitable organizations child care corporations (national chains)
Employer sponsorships offer child care sponsored on-site or nearby for
employees’ children
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Universal Pre-Kindergarten
Universal pre-kindergarten (UPK) is a state-sponsored program for three- and four-year-olds High-quality, literary-rich environment Eagerness to learn in kindergarten Early learning experiences for
disadvantaged children
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Selecting a Child Care Program
Factors to consider Promotes children’s safety and comfort Quality of program, cost, and location Promotes all areas of child development NAEYC recommended Staff training, experience, and turnover ratio Adult-child ratio and group size Condition of facilities
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The Selection Process
Searchchild care referral agency
online/phonebookfriends and relatives
Investigatecallingvisiting
Choose
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Discuss
If you were selecting a child care program for your child, what are some other factors that you would consider?
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Licensing Rules and Regulations
Licensing rules and regulations affect the safety and health of the children protect parents, employers, and employees
A child care license is a state-provided certificate granting permission to operate a child care center family child care home
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Center Accreditation
The best indicator of high-quality early care and education is being accredited by the National Academy of Early Childhood Programs Improves the quality of programs Helps parents find high-quality child care Assures parents their children are receiving
quality care
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Discuss
What are the requirements to receive accreditation for a child care program in your state?
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Brainstorm
What are some advantages and disadvantages of these child care programs?
Curriculum Fees Schedule
A D A D A D
Family child care homes
Child care centers
Head Start
Montessori schools
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Review
List five types of child care programs. What are the three types of sponsorships for
child care programs? True or false. Licensing and accreditation
are not important in the selection of child care programs.
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Glossary
accredited. Having a certification that states a set of standards has been met.
checking-in services. Program assigning workers to call children in self-care to make sure there are no problems.
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Glossary
child care centers. Full-day child care facilities that focus on basic nutritional, social, emotional, intellectual, and physical needs.
child care license. A state-provided certificate granting permission to open and operate a child care center or family child care home.
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Glossary
custodial care. Type of child care that focuses primarily on meeting the child’s physical needs.
family child care home. Child care that is provided in a private home.
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Glossary
Head Start. A program developed by the federal government to strengthen the academic skills of children from low-income homes, and designed mainly for four- and five-year-olds.
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Glossary
laboratory schools. Schools located on a postsecondary or college campus with a primary purpose of training future teachers and serving as a study group for research.
licensing rules and regulations. Standards set to ensure that uniform and safe practices are followed.
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Glossary
Montessori approach. Schools provide children freedom within limits by a rather structured approach, and a fixed method in which materials are presented.
parent cooperatives. Child care programs that are formed and run by parents who wish to take part in their children’s preschool experience.
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Glossary
school-age child care programs. Programs often sponsored by schools, houses of worship, or child care centers that provide care for children before and/or after school.
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Glossary
universal pre-kindergarten (UPK). A state-sponsored program designed to introduce three- and four-year-old children to a literary-rich environment. The goal is to enable every child with skills needed to succeed in school.