Tyas - Matter and its state 2011

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Tyas Ajeng Puspitasari, S.PdGrade VII Semester 2

2010/2011

Junior High School 1 Malang

TYAS


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www. tyas-physics.blogspot.com

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Three states of matter

Adhesion and Cohesion

Surface Tension and Capillarity

Density


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The phase or state of matter ca cha ge whe the

temperature cha ges. Ge erally, as the temperature

rises, matter moves to a more active state.

Whe temperatures object is i creased, the objecthas RECEIVED HEAT

Whe temperatures object is decreased, the object

has RELEASED HEAT

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The state of certai matter depe ds o its

temperature.


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For example, water becomes ice(solid) i the low temperature a d water

(liquid) i the room temperature. thigher temperature, water cha ges i to

water vapour (gas).

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SolidLiquid

as

Melting :Received Heat

Evaporation:Received Heat

Deposition :Released Heat

Freezing :Released Heat

Condensation:Released HeatSublimation

:Received

Heat

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KINETIC THEORY OF PARTICLE

1. The all matter co sist of ti y particles

2. Every particles always move i all

directio .

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SOLID

The forces betwee

solids particles are BIG

e ough.

The particles i solid do

ot have sufficie t e ergy

to move very far from

each other.

So the o ly way they ca

move is to vibrate

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WWW.THEMEGALLERY.COM

Particles i a liquid are close

together, but ca slide past

each other.

Liquid flows a d its shape issimilar with the shape of its

co tai er.

Liquid ca ot be

compressed to make itsvolume smaller.

LIQUID

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Gas particles have

sufficie t e ergy

to separate

themselves fromother particles.

gas spreads out u til it has the

same volume as its co tai er.Describe how the volume of the

gas cha ges.

GAS

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The forces betweethese particles are weak.

The particles i a gas aremove freely past eachother.

They ca be compressed

i to smaller space

Forces Between Particles in a Gas

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ON YOUR OWN B O O K

Describe characteristics of each state of matter, based o

its:

shape (cha ge or co sta t?)

Volume (cha ge or co sta t?)

Mass (cha ge or co sta t?)

compressibility ( a be or ca ot be compress?)

arra geme t particles (describe the arra geme t

particles)

Force betwee particles (stro g, weak or very weak?)

Moveme t of particles (describe the moveme t)

verage Ki etic e ergy (high or low?)

De sity (high or low?)


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SOLID LIQUID GAS

SH PE Has a co sta t

shape

Has cha ged shape(based o its co tai er)

Has Changed shaped(based the shape of the

co tai er)

VOLUME Has a co sta t

volume

Has a co sta t

volume

Has cha ged

volume(Fills up the co tai er)

MASS Has a co sta t

mass

Has a co sta t

mass

Has a co sta t

massompressi

bility

a ot be

compressed

a ot be

compressed

a be

compressed

Arra geme

t of particlesVery close each

other

lose but ot as

close as solid

Very far apart


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SOLID LIQUID GAS

Force

betwee

particles

Very stro g Not so stro g Very weak

Moveme t

of particles

Particles vibrate

i their ow

positio

Particles move

about freely

Particles move

about at ra dom

Ki etic

e ergy of

particles

Have little

ki etic e ergy

Have more ki etic

e ergy

High ki etic

e ergy

DENSITY High Moderate

(seda g)

Very low


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1. What is adhesion?

2. What is cohesion?

3. Observe the water and mercurys surface inside test tube.

Does it flat?

4. Waters surface is curving .. (downward / upward)

- It is also called by..

- Why does it happen?

5. Mercurys surface is curving .. (downward / upward)

- It is also called by..- Why does it happen?

6. How is kerosene goes up through the oil stove fuse?

7. What is capillarity?

8. Explain the causes of mosquito can walk above the water.

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Water Mercury

Adhesio is attraction force between dissimilar particles

ohesio is attraction force between similar particles

Water surface is

curvi g upward.

It is also called by

co cave me iscus.

Adhesio isstro ger tha its

cohesio

Mercury surface

is curvi g

dow ward.

It is also called by

co vex me iscus.ohesio is

stro ger tha

adhesio

co cave me iscus = me iskus ceku g co vex me iscus = me iskus cembu gTYAS1

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Analyze its adhesion

and cohesion.

ohesion is attraction between______ particles and ______ particlesAdhesion is attraction between______ particles and ______ particles

ohesion is _______ thanAdhesion

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Water surface insidecapillary tube

Mercury surface inside

capillary tube

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Density is defined as mass per unit volume

(rho) = density ( kg/ m3)

m = mass (kg)V = Volume (m3)

Density is not influenced by the mass and the volume of the matter.The same matters have the same density too.

Different matters have different density too.

Density= massa jenis atau kerapatanTYAS23

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The conversion unit of density:

SI unit of density is kg/m3

he other unit of density is g/cm3 and g/mL

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Exercise 2

V

m

1. alculate the density of the stone from the figure above.

2. We say that density of alcohol is 0.8 g/cm3. This also can written as..

kg/m3

3. A piece of zinc has a mass of 71 g and a volume of10 cm3 . What is the

density of zinc?4. Iron has a density of 7.9 g/ cm3 what is the mass of 200 cm3 of iron?

5. A rectangular box has dimensions of10 cm by 15 cm by 20 cm. It has a

mass of 24 kg. What is the density of the box in gr/cm3?

6. Ten identical steel balls were immersed in a measuring cylinder

containing 20 cm3 of water. The reading of the water level rose to 50cm3. If the density of steel is 9.0 g/cm3, what is the mass of one ball?

7. The density of iron is 7,900 kg/m3. A ship made of iron has

mass of15,800 kg. What is the volume of the ship in m3?

270 g

50 cm3

20 cm3

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8. A bottle full of water has a mass of 45 g. When it is filled up

with an unknown liquid, X, it mass is 360 g. If the mass

of the empty bottle is 20 g. alculate the density ofunknown liquid, X.

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How does an object float (mengapung) or sink (tenggelam)

in the water?

compared the density of an object with density of water

Density of water

water= 1 g/cm3

= 1000 kg/m3

The oil in this beaker is

layered on top of the

water because it is less

dense (kurang rapat) than

the water. Similarly, the

cork floats on the oil

because it is less dense

than either the oil or the

water.

ork (gabus)

Oil

Water


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Example 1

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Exercise 3

1. Four students do an experiment and the result is shown by the following

table:

Objects which made from the same matter is measured by students.

a. A and B b. and D c. A and d. B and D

2. Students do experiment with the following apparatus.

From result of experiment like in the figure, the density of stone isa. 3.42 g/cm3 b. 4.02 g/cm3 c. 4.58 g/cm3 d. 4.62 g/cm3

3. What is the density of the object beside

if the mass of object is 300 grams??

a. 3.0 g/cm3 c. 15 g/cm3

b. 7.5 g/cm3 d. 320 g/cm3

Student Mass (gram) Volume (cm3)

A 38.4 48B 38.4 64

C 21.6 27

D 18.9 27

ml 85 ml

6015

0,5


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1. Students are investigate a metal which they got in the road. To know the

kinds of that metal, they doing an experiment by measure mass and

volume like the figure below.

After they compared with data density of metal, the metal which found

is

A. Iron B. Gold . Silver D. Aluminum

2. An object with density of 800 kg/m3 and volume of 200 cm3. What is the

mass of that object?

A. 0.01

6 kgB

. 0.1

6 kg .1

.6 kg d.1

6 kg

Metal Density (k g/m)

Iron 7900

Gold 19300

Silver 10500

Aluminum 2700

CHALENGING QUESTION


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The density of iron is 7,900 kg/m3. A ship

made of iron has mass of15,800 kg. What is

the volume of the ship in m

3

?Given: = 7,900 kg/m3

m = 15,800 kg

Question: V = ?

Solution:

3

3

2/7900

15800m

mkg

kgmV !!!

V

Tyas - Matter and its state 2011

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