TX. HIST. CHAPTER 8

DIFFICULTIES BETWEEN ANGLOS AND THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT

• IN THE 1820’S FEDERALIST HELD POWER • LEFT THE ANGLOS ALONE• 1829 CENTRALIST COME TO POWER• ISSUED REGULATIONS TO BRING THE STATES

OF MEXICO UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

• MOST ANGLOS THOUGHT THESE UNFAIR• A SERIES OF CLASHES RESULT

TROUBLE IN EAST TEXAS

• HADEN EDWARDS HAD BEEN GIVEN A CONTRACT IN 1826

• WAS TO SETTLE 800 FAMILIES AROUND NACADOCHES

• PEOPLE WERE ALREADY LIVING THERE• MANY DID NOT HAVE TITLES TO THEIR LAND• EDWARDS SAID THEY MUST SHOW TITLE OR

PURCHASE ONE FROM HIM

• PEOPLE IN THIS AREA WERE FROM LOUISIANA MEXICO AND SOME WERE CHEROKEE

• MEXICAN REPRESENTATIVE JOSE ANTONIO SAUCEDO SIDE WITH THE SETTLERS

• THIS ANGERED EDWARDS• BENJAMIN EDWARDS SAID THEY SHOULD

DECLARE THE COLONY INDEPENDENT • MADE AN ALLIANCE WITH A CHEROKEE CHIEF

NAMED RICHARD FIELDS• ON DECEMBER 15, 1826 THEY TOOK THE OLD

STONE FORT IN NACADOCHES

• THEY RAISED A RED AND WHITE FLAG• ON THE FLAG WERE THE WORDS INDEPENDENCE,

LIBERTY AND JUSTICE• THEY PROCLAIMED THE REPUBLIC OF FREEDONIA• THE EDWARDS APPEALED FOR HELP FROM

AUSTIN AND THE U.S.• AUSTIN OFFERED TO HELP THE MEXICAN GOV.• AS THE MEXICAN ARMY APPROACHED THE

REBELLION COLLAPSED• REBELS FLED TO THE U.S.

MEXICO BECOMES FEARFUL

• MOST ANGLOS DID NOT SUPPORT THE REBELS• MEXICAN OFFICIALS WERE WORRIED THAT

THE REBELLION WAS A SCHEME TO TAKE TEXAS BY THE U.S.

• 200 MEXICAN TROOPS WERE PLACED IN NACADOCHES

• ANTHONY BUTLER , U.S. AMBASSADOR TO MEXICO, OFFERED TO BUY TEXAS

GENERAL MANUEL DE MIER Y TERAN EXPEDITION

• TERAN WAS SENT TO INVESTIGATE THE ANGLO PRESENCE IN TEXAS

• ANGLOS OUTNUMBERED MEXICAN 5-1• CONCERNS ABOUT THE GROWING AMERICAN

INFLUENCE IN THE AREA• SAID THAT IF THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT DID

NOT ACT TEXAS WOULD BE LOST FOREVER

TEXAS COLONIST ARE CONCERNED

• SLAVE OWNERS WERE WORRIED THAT MEX. WOULD ABOLISH SLAVERY

• TEXAS HAD BEEN EXEMPT FROM A LAW IN 1829 WHICH HAD DONE THIS IN MEXICO

• TEXANS FEARED IT WAS ONLY A MATTER OF TIME

THE LAW OF APRIL 6, 1830• STOPPED IMMIGRATION FROM THE U.S.• SUSPENDED EMPRESARIOS CONTRACTS THAT

WERE NOT COMPLETED• ENCOURAGED IMMIGRATION FROM MEXICO

AND EUROPE• GAVE GENEROUS LAND GRANTS AND

FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE• PLACED FORTS TO PREVENT SMUGGLING AND

ILLEGAL IMMIGATION• PLACED TARIFFS ON IMPORTS

THE COLONIST REACT

• PROSPERITY OF THE ANGLO COLONIST DEPENDED ON TRADE WITH THE U.S.

• MANY HAD FRIENDS AND RELATIVES WHO WANTED TO JOIN THEM

• STEPHEN F. AUSTIN TRIED TO NEGOTIATE • REALIZED HOW DIFFICULT THE SITUATION

WAS

REBELLIONS OF 1831 AND 1832• COLONEL JOHN BRADBURN COMMANDED

THE GARRISON AT ANNAHUAC• WAS IN CHARGE OF COLLECTING TAXES ON

IMPORTS• ANGERED THE MERCHANTS• MAY 1832 HE ARRESTED WILLIAM B. TRAVIS

AND PATRICK C. JACK • TWO GROUPS OF SETTLERS MARCHED ON

ANAHUAC• COLONIST MADE CAMP AT TURTLE BAY

THE TURTLE BAY RESOLUTIONS• ADOPTED JUNE 12, 1832• DECLARED LOYALTY TO MEXICO• SUPPORTED ANTONIO LOPEZ DE SANTA ANNA• SANTA ANNA WAS LEADING A REVOLT AGAINST

THE CENTRALIST GOVERNMENT AND PRESIDENT ANASTASIO BUSTAMANTE

• COLONEL PIEDRAS REMOVED BRADBURN FROM POWER

• SOLDIERS AT THE FORT IN ANAHUAC DECLARED THEIR SUPPORT FOR SANTA ANNA

CLASH AT VELASCO

• JOHN AUSTIN AND HIS GROUP RETURNED WITH A CANNON

• WERE NOT PERMITTED TO TAKE THE CANNON TO ANAHUAC

• FIGHTING BROKE OUT AND THE MEXICAN ARMY RETREATED AFTER RUNNING OUT OF AMMO.

• BUSTAMANTE RESIGNED IN 1832• SANTA ANNA BECOMES PRESIDENT IN 1833• TEXANS WERE HAPPY

CONVENTIONS OF 1832 AND 1833• HELD IN SAN FELIPE OCTOBER, 1832• 58 TEXANS WERE DELEGATES• MAKE TEXAS A SEPARATE STATE• ALLOW IMMIGRATION FROM THE U.S. • EXEMPTION FROM CERTAIN TARIFFS• IMPROVED EDUCATION• BETTER PROTECTION FROM NATIVES• LAND TITLES FOR SETTLERS IN EAST TEXAS• RESOLUTIONS WERE NEVER SENT TO MEXICO

CONVENTION OF 1833

• MET APRIL 1, 1833• SAM HOUSTON WAS A NEW DELEGATE• ADOPTED RESOLUTIONS LIKE THOSE OF 1832• ALSO ADOPTED A STATE CONSTITUTION• STEPHEN F. AUSTIN, JAMES MILLER AND

ERASMO SEGUIN WERE CHOSEN TO TAKE IT TO MEXICO CITY

• AUSTIN MADE THE TRIP HIMSELF• LEAVES APRIL 1833

AUSTIN’S MISSION STALLS

• ARRIVES IN MEXICO CITY JULY 1833• SANTA ANNA OUT OF TOWN• CHOLERA EPIDEMIC RAGES THE CAPITAL• THOUSANDS DIE• AUSTIN WRITES A LETTER TO SAN ANTONIO • DESCRIBES HIS DIFFICULTIES AND TELLS

PEOPLE TO FORM THEIR OWN GOVERNMENT

SANTA ANNA MEETS WITH AUSTIN• NOVEMBER 1833 SANTA ANNA AGREES TO SOME

OF THE TERMS• WILL NOT GRANT STATEHOOD• DID AWAY WITH IMMIGRATION LAWS• IMPROVE COURT AND POSTAL SYSTEMS• AUSTIN LEAVES DECEMBER 10 TO GO HOME• JANUARY 1834, HE REACHES SALTILLO• WAS ARRESTED BECAUSE OF THE LETTER HE HAD

WRITTEN• WAS TAKEN BACK TO MEXICO CITY

• HE REMAINED IN PRISON FOR VOER A YEAR• RAMON MUSQUIZ, PETER GRAYSON, AND

SPENCER JACK WERE JUST 3 OF THE PEOPLE WHO TRIED TO HELP AUSTIN

• DECEMBER 25. 1834 HE WAS RELEASED ON BAIL

• MUST STAY IN MEXICO CITY• JULY 1835, WAS GIVEN HIS FREEDOM• HE QUICKLY RETURNED HOME

REFORMS IN TEXAS

• CHOLERA AND MALARIA HAD SWEPT THROUGH PARTS OF TEXAS

• ENDED IN 1834• ENGLISH BECAME THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE IN

TEXAS• REPRESENTATION IN THE LEGISLATURE WAS

RAISED FROM 1 TO 3• RELIGIOUS TOLERATION WAS GRANTED

TROUBLE ERUPTS AGAIN• RESIDENTS COMPLAINED ABOUT THE TARIFFS

BEING COLLECTED IN ANAHUAC• ANDREW BRISCOE LED THIS ATTACK • CAPTAIN ANTONIO TENORIO HAD BISCOE

ARRESTED• ANGERED MANY TEXANS • WILLIAM B. TRAVIS LED A GROUP FROM SAN

FELIPE• THEY FORCED THE MEXICAN ARMY THERE TO

SURRENDER

• SOLDIERS AGREE TO LEAVE TEXAS• TEXAS LEADERS WROTE A LETTER OF

APOLOGY TO GENERAL COS, SANTA ANNA’S BROTHER IN LAW

• COS DEMANDED THAT THE LEADERS INVOLVED BE TURNED OVER TO HIM

• HE WANTED WILLIAM TRAVIS, FRANK JOHNSON, SAMUEL WILLIAMS AND LORENZO DE ZAVALA

• COS SAID HE WOULD BRING MANY SOLDIERS TO TEXAS TO ARREST THESE MEN

CALL FOR A CONSULTATION• PEOPLE OF COLUMBIA CALLED FOR A

CONVENTION TO BE HELD IN WASHINGTON ON THE BRAZOS ON OCTOBER 15, 1835

• TWO GROUPS FORMED• PEACE PARTY WANTED NO PROBLEMS• WAR PARTY WANTED INDEPENDENCE• AUSTIN JOINS THE SIDE FOR INDEPENDENCE• “WAR IS OUR ONLY RESOURCE. THERE IS NO

OTHER REMEDY. WE MUST DEFEND OUR RIGHTS, OURSELVES AND OUR COUNTRY BY FORCE OF ARMS.”