Two Groups of Muslims...Hinduism • HINDUISM is one of the world's oldest religions. • Developing...
Transcript of Two Groups of Muslims...Hinduism • HINDUISM is one of the world's oldest religions. • Developing...
IslamTwo Groups of Muslims• Sunni Muslims
• 85 % of Muslims
• No structured religious chain of command
• Whomever would be best
• Sunni in Arabic means, “one who follows the traditions of the Prophet."
• Shia Muslims• 15% of Muslims (Iran's official religion)
• Heavy importance on individual clerics.
• Shia in Arabic means, “follower of Ali”
• Ali was the son-in-law of Muhammad.
• 3rd caliph
• The Ka’ba is a cubed shaped building in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.• Holy sanctuary built by Abraham for Ishmael, is the most sacred site for Islam
• Islam has about 1.5 billion followers, representing about 21% of the world population.
Hinduism• HINDUISM is one of the world's
oldest religions.
• Developing Since 3500 B.C.E.
• Over time Hinduism converged
with other faiths
• No single founder
• 1500 B.C.E. Conquering Aryans
and native Indians
• Indus River Valley
• Hindu means Indian
• Over 2/3's of the world's Hindus
live in India.
• Hindus believe in many gods,
numbering into the thousands.
• Like Greece and Rome
AUM (prayer) symbolizes , in it’s three sounds
Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Supreme Reality
Hindu Philosophy• Main Gods
• Brahma – the Creator
• Vishnu – the Preserver
• Shiva – the Destroyer
• Hindu’s recognize one supreme
spirit called Brahman.
• Brahman lives in everything
• This is sort of like “
The Force”
• The goal of Hindus is to some
day join with Brahman.
• Until that union takes place,
believers are in a continuous
process of rebirth called
"reincarnation."
Hindu Philosophy• At death, the Hindu's
deeds (karma) determine
what the next life will be.
• Followers work to break
this cycle--birth, death,
re-birth-- (referred to by
writers as the "Wheel of
Life") and gain release.
• The Hindu's soul then
merges with Brahman in
a condition of spiritual
perfection (moksha).
Hinduism• Hinduism has many sacred
books, the oldest being a
series called the “Vedas”.• The Last book of the Vedas
is the Upanishads• Developed modern
Hinduism and the idea of
reincarnation
• Traditional Hindu society was
divided into groups of four
classes (or varnas). This was
known as the “caste system”.
• Hindus believe gods and
goddesses can take the form
of people and animals in
something called an AVATAR.
Buddhism• Buddhism began c. 525 B.C.E.
• Siddhartha Gautama reaching
enlightenment beneath a Bodhi tree
• The Founder of Buddhism is Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha.• Buddha means enlightened one
• Original Location Northern India
• Buddhism is a major religion in China,
Japan, India, and Tibet.
• Gautama Buddha said all beings
possess enlightenment but we are
just blinded by delusion.
• To reach enlightenment we need to be
liberated from three habits: desire,
anger and ignorance.
Buddhism• Hinduism and Buddhism have
similarities
• Gautama Buddha accepted
Hindu gods
• Don’t have power over humans
• Have not yet attained the final
liberation (Nirvana)
• Nirvana (ultimate reality) is the
state of final liberation from the
cycle of birth and death
• Hindu’s agree
• Gautama Buddha accepted
reincarnation
• Beings are trapped in the cycle of
birth and death until they achieve
complete release, or Nirvana.
• Each person's position in life is
determined by his or her behavior in
the previous life. This is known as
their "karma“. Also a Hindu belief
The Most Important
Principles of Buddhism• Buddhism sees no forms as
permanent, nothing lasts
forever, everything is subject
to decay and division.
• Holding on to what does not
actually exist will only lead to
suffering
• Buddha gave a road map to
reach Nirvana called the
Four Noble Truths.
1. Life is suffering (Nature of death and rebirth)
2. Suffering has a cause: craving and
attachment
3. Craving and attachment can be
overcome (one gives up selfish craving-achieves Nirvana)
4. The path to end craving and
attachment is an Eightfold path.
Buddhism• The Dalai Lama is a Buddhist monk who remains the leader of the Tibetans.
• Laughing Buddha according to Chinese tradition, Budai was an unusual Chinese monk (907–923 CE) of China, and his Buddhist name was Qieci
• He was considered a man of good and loving character, happiness, plenitude, and wisdom of contentment.
• One belief popular in folklore maintains that rubbing his belly brings wealth, good luck, and prosperity.
China is the sovereign ruler
but grants Tibet autonomy
The Worlds Five Major
Religions’ Time Line• Make a timeline of the Five Major Religions’ origin dates
Religions of the World