TWO DAYS AWARENESS CUM-DEMONSTRATION … days awareness –cum-demonstration prorgamme on earthquake...

TWO DAYS AWARENESS –CUM-DEMONSTRATION PRORGAMME

ON EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT CONSTRUCTIONS IN HIMACHAL

PRADESH FOR THE JUNIOR ENGINEERS AND MASONS OF

KANGRA, CHAMBA, HAMIRPUR & UNA DISTRICTS, HIMACHAL

PRADESH

With the Technical Collaboration of

CENTRAL BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CBRI), ROORKEE

Organized by

STATE COUNCIL FOR SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT,

34 SDA COMPLEX , KASUMPTI, SHIMLA-9

TWO DAYS TRAINING WORKSHOP ON EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT CONSTRUCTIONS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

VENUE: Conference Hall, Director (Extension), CSKKV Palampur

PROGRAMME: 21-22 February 2017

Day -1: 21 February 2017 (9:30AM-5:30PM)

9:30-10:30 Registration of Participants

10:30-11:30 Inaugural Function

10:30-10:40 Welcome & Opening Address Sh.Kunal Satyarthi, IFS

Chief Scientific Officer-cum-Joint Member Secretary

10:50-11:00 Keynote Address Er.Y.Pandey,

Chief Scientific Officer, CBRI Roorkee

11:00-11:10 Special Address by Guest of Honour Dr.Sanjay Sharma,

Director, IHBT Palampur

11:10-11:30 Hazard Vulnerability of Himachal Pradesh-An

overview Dr.S.S.Randhawa

Senior Scientific Officer,SCSTE

11:30-11:45 Film Show about CSIR-CBRI

11:45 -12:00 Inaugural Address by Chief Guest Ms. Nandita Gupta, IAS

Divisional Commissioner , Kangra

12:00-12:05 Vote of Thanks Dr.S.S.Randhawa

12:05-12:15 Tea Break

12:15-12:55 Appropriate Rural Housing Technologies and

material for the District (H.P.)-General Exposure on Philosophy

Ar.S.K.Negi, Head DC&E Division, CBRI Roorkee

12:55-01:30 Impact of Landslides & their control measures Dr. R. Dharam Raju

CBRI Roorkee

01:30-02:15 Lunch Break

02:15-03:15 Design & Construction of Hill Houses

-Durability and Safety -Cost and Functional Efficiency

Er.H.K.Jain, CBRI Roorkee

03:15-05:00 Demonstration of Appropriate Housing Techniques Er.H.K.Jain, Ar.Swati & Er.Vishal Singh

CBRI Roorkee

Day-2: 22 February 2017 (9:00AM-3:35PM)

09:00-09:30 Technical Film Show

09:30-10:30 Earthquake, wind and snow resistant designs of

houses Er S K Singh, CBRI Roorkee

10:30-11:00 Earthquake, Resistant rural housing techniques-

general trips w.r.t Himachal. Dr.Sunil Bhardwaj, DRDO Chandigarh.

11:00-11:15 Tea Break

11:15-12:00 Quality Control in Hill Construction Er.H.K.Jain,CBRI Roorkee

12:00-01:00 Demonstration of EQ safety in houses Er.H.K.Jain, Ar.Swati&Er.Vishal Singh

CBRI Roorkee

01:00-01:45 Lunch Break

01:45-02:45 Discussions & Way Forward

03:00- 03:30 Valedictory Function

03:00- 03:30 Valedictory Address Dr. P.K.Mehta

Director Extension, CSK Agri. University Palampur.

03:30-03:35 Vote of Thanks Dr.S.S.Randhawa

TWO DAYS AWARENESS –CUM-DEMONSTRATION PRORGAMME

ON EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT CONSTRUCTIONS IN HIMACHAL

PRADESH FOR THE JUNIOR ENGINEERS AND MASONS OF

KANGRA, CHAMBA, HAMIRPUR & UNA DISTRICTS, HIMACHAL

PRADESH

INTRODUCTION:

Himalayas are considered to be the youngest mountain chains in

the world are still in building phase and are seismically very active. Himachal

Pradesh which forms a part of the Northwestern Himalaya is highly vulnerable to

different kinds of natural disasters. The state as a whole is prone to prominent

natural disaster such as earthquakes, landslides, flash floods, avalanches,

droughts etc. and the state experiences the fury of one or the other disaster

every year. From the seismicity point of view Himachal Pradesh is considered to

be very sensitive as it falls in zone V and IV as per the Seismic zoning Map of

India.

Zone V: Covers the areas liable to seismic intensity IX and above on

Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale. This is the most severe seismic

zone and is referred as Very High Damage Risk Zone.

Zone IV: Gives the area liable to MM VIII. This zone is second in severity

to zone V.

During the last century the state has been shaken by a number of

micro as well as macro earthquakes. A number of damaging earthquakes has

struck the state and

the adjoining parts of

Punjab, U.P.and J&

K. Some of the

prominent

earthquakes that

rocked the state are

Kangra earthquake

1905(M=8.0) in

which 18,815 people

were killed, Kinnaur

earthquake 1975

(M=6.7) in which 60

people lost their lives

and Dharamshala

earthquake 1986 (M5.7). During the last century the state experienced 141

earthquakes with the magnitude between 3-3.9 on Richter scale, 22 earthquakes

having magnitude 4-4.9, 43 having magnitude between 5-5.9, 7 earthquakes

having magnitude 6-6.9 and only 1 earthquake having magnitude 8 on Richter

scale and there are about 1130 earthquakes with magnitude less than 3 on

Richter scale. As per the earthquake hazard map of state, the areas falling in

districts Chamba, Kangra, Mandi, Kullu, Hamirpur Bilaspur and Una are very

sensitive as they fall in Very High Damage Risk Zone (MSK IX or More) where as

the rest of the areas falls in High Damage Risk Zone (MSK VIII) Fig.1.Some of

the major devastating earthquake that have rocked the state during the last

century are as under:

EARTHQUAKES HAVING MAGNITUDE 4 OR MORE ON RICHTER SCALE IN HIMACHAL PRADESH DURING THE LAST 200 YEARS

S.No Year Month Day Magnitude Coordinates Tentative location

1 1809 - 5.5 30042’00” Near Labrang (Distt.Kinnaur)

780 30’00”

2 1827 9 5.5 32030’00” Near Dalhousie

76000’00” (Chamba Distt.)

3 1856 4 7 5 31000’00” Near Ranhog(Distt.Solan)

77000’00”

4 1858 8 11 5 3107’12” Shimla(Distt.Shimla)

77010’12”

5 1865 4 11 --- Shimla region

6 1905 4 4 8 32018’00” Karari Dal(Distt.Kangra)

76015’00”

7 1906 2 28 7 32000’00” Near Karshing(Distt.Kullu)

770 00’00”

8 1930 5 11 5.5 31042’00” Shila Kiepr (Mandi Distt.)

77000’00”

9 1940 4 7 ----- 31 05 Near kali Hatti ,District Shimla

77 00

10 1945 6 22 6.5 32036’00” Minu (Chmaba Distt.)

75054’00”


75054’00”


75054’00”

13 1951 9 22 6.4 32 36 East of Dhan Kanda ,District Chamba

76 30

14 1962 9 15 5.5 31054’00” Near Dehra Gopipur (Distt.Kangra)

76012’00”

15 1965 2 21 4.5 32 14 Near Bara Banghal, District kangra

76 54

16 1967 9 20 --- 32 36 Near Rajpura, District Chamba

76 06

17 1968 5 11 4.9 32 22 Near Atrori, District Chamba

76 22

18 1969 1 23 4 32 14 Near Trilokpur,District Kangra

76 03

19 1970 3 5 4.9 32 24 Near Sani,District Chamba

76 29

20 1972 1 29 4.7 32 51

75 54

21 1973 12 16 4.9 32 17 Near Mordhu,District Chamba

76 01

22 1974 11 16 4.8 32 50 Tissa, District Chamba 76 08

23 1975 10 30 5.2 32 54 Near Bhujara, District Chamba

76 00

24 1975 12 11 5.1 32 50 Near Jankar,Sumdo,Lahaul

& Spiti 76 58

25 1975 12 10 5 32 49 Near Chhajaut,District

Chamba 76 11

26 1975 1 19 6.7 31056’24” Distt.Kinnaur

78031’48”

27 1975 2 2 5.1 32033’36” Indo China Border

78053’00”

28 1975 7 19 5.1 31057’00” Near Chnago(Kinnaur Distt.)

78035’24”

29 1975 7 29 5.5 32034’12” Near Kanum (Distt.Kinnaur)

78029’24”

30 1975 2 10 5.3 32057’00” Near Janu

76006’ 00” Pass(ChambaDistt.)

31 1975 2 11 5 33000’00” Near Sathrundi (Chamba Distt.)

76010’12”

32 1976 1 7 5.3 32058’12” Dunchili Gad (Chamba Distt.)

7607’12”

33 1976 1 9 4.7 32 59 Along J&K Border

76 01

34 1976 2 5 5 31014’24” Near Chebri (Distt.Shimla)

77001’48”

35 1976 4 10 4.5 32 43 Near Balthal Got, District Chamba

76 30

36 1976 4 16 4 32 52 Near makkan, District Chamba

76 00

37 1976 7 6 5.1 32026’24” Near Raksham (Kinnaur Distt.)

78021’00”

38 1976 9 8 5.3 32014’08” Near Baspa origin(Kinnaur Distt.)

78045’36”

39 1977 2 19 5.4 31048’00” Near Rangbar Thachang

(Distt.Kinnaur) 78025’48”

40 1977 3 27 5.1 32040’12” Lenchichi (Kinnaur Distt.)

78039’36”

41 1978 6 14 5 32014’24” Near SinghauPass, along Kangra Border

District.Chamba 76036’36”

42 1979 1 19 4.1 32 22 Near Chandota Pass, District Chamba

76 28

43 1980 5 29 4.2 31 33

76 33

44 1980 9 4 4 32 00 Near Pajaund,District Mandi

76 54

45 1980 11 26 4 32 29 Near Khaddar,District

76 24 Chamba

46 1981 2 14 4 32 35 Near Bara Kanda,District

Chamba 76 37

47 1981 6 19 4.5 32 43 Near Lohari,District Chamba

76 00

48 1981 6 13 5 31049’12” Nalpaya Thach (Distt.Kinnaur)

78027’36”

49 1981 5 28 5.2 31049’48” Barling (Kinnaur Distt.)

78025’48”

50 1982 5 18 4 32 25 Near Chagrauta ,District Chamba

76 24

51 1983 2 27 5.3 32036’00” Khadi Thach (Distt.Kinnaur)

78034’12”

52 1983 4 13 4 32 46 Near Tikkri Khas, District Chamba

76 14

53 1985 3 11 4.8 31 15 Near Malaun,District Shimla

77 00

54 1985 12 29 4.9 32 37 Near Theru, District Chamba

76 06

55 1986 4 26 5.5 32019’00” Near Nag Dal (Boundary of

Chamba and Kangra distt.)

76024’00”

56 1987 6 10 4.7 31 55 Near Daton, District Chamba

76 26

57 1987 12 26 4.3 32 07 Near Dewal Khas,DIstrict Kangra

76 41

58 1991 6 23 4.6 32 18 Near Gataunda, District Shimla

76 42

59 1992 1 26 4.5 32 16 Near Bhagsu Nath, District Kangra

76 24

60 1992 2 13 4.5 32 37 East of Dhan Kanda,

76 30 District Chamba

61 1992 9 6 4.6 32 25 Near Darkund, District Chamba

76 20

62 1996 5 9 4 32 50 Near Kuntka Matha,DIstrict

Chamba 76 19

63 1996 5 23 4.2 32 42 Near East of Kagal Dhar, District

Chamba 76 29

64 1996 7 14 4.1 32 37 Near East of Dhan Kanda, DIstrict

Chamba 76 31

65 1996 9 14 4.6 32 49 Near Kala Ka Bhandar,District

Chamba 76 22

66 1997 7 29 4.7 31 33 Near Baldwara, District Mandi

76 48

67 1997 8 13 4.2 31 12 Near Jajjar, District Solan

76 41

68 1998 10 17 4.5 32 12 Near Kandha, District Kangra

76 32

69 1999 5 30 4.9 31 48 36 Near Miyang Lung,District Kinnaur

78 54 36

70 1999 1 8 4.2 31 26 24 Near Mehog,District Mandi 77 18 00

71 1999 5 30 4.9 31 48 36 Near Miyang Lung,District Kinnaur

78 54 36

72 1999 1 8 4.1 31 22 48 Near Karsog,District Mandi 77 17 24

72 2000 4 28 4.1 31 30 36 Near mehbar, District kinnaur 78 15 00

73 2000 8 28 4.5 32 01 48

78 18 00

74 2000 9 26 4 30 55 12

75 39 00

75 2000 6 17 4.3 31 48 00 Near Nalpaya, DIstrict Kinnaur 78 27 00

76 2001 6 17 4.2 32 42 36

78 26 24

77 2001 1 22 4 31 04 12 Along Uttranchal Border 77 55 48

78 2001 2 23 4 30 55 48 Along Uttranchal Border 78 00 00

79 2001 9 18 5.1 33 13 12

75 36 36

80 2001 14 4.7 32 31 12 Near Pundla, District Chamba

76 06 00

81 2001 23 4.6 33 07 12

75 40 12

82 2002 1 27 5.1 33 06 36

75 49 48

83 2002 3 17 4.1 32 46 48

75 55 48

84 2002 2 17 4.1 33 06 00

75 40 48

(Source: IMD: India Meteorological Department, DLDH- Oldam (1883), ISS: International

Seismological Summary, PDE: Preliminary Determination of Earthquakes)

Kangra earthquake of 1905 (M=8.0) and Dharamshala earthquake

of 26th April 1986 (M=5.7) indicates that the region surrounding Dharamshala is

marked by complex tectonic environment where the slow accumulation of strain

and its sudden release along the regional or local thrust sheets may lead to

earthquake activity. Dharamshala region had also witnessed an earthquake of

magnitude 5.0 on 15th June 1978. Similarly Kinnaur area had experienced an

earthquake on 19 Jan. 1975 (M=6.7). As per the recent study done by Remote

Sensing Cell of the Council using the satellite data and the past epicenter data of

Himachal Pradesh there are certain gaps which may be referred as micro

Sundernagar earthquake

seismic gaps in the northwestern and south eastern parts of the state where

stresses are still accumulated and can be the possible areas for future seismicity.

Palampur Town Kangra Temple

After 1905 Kangra Earthquake

It is also seen that according to seismic zoning map of the State,

mainly Chamba(53.2%) Hamirpur(90.9%) Kangra(98.6%) Kullu(53.1%)

Mandi(97.4%) have 53 to 93.6% of their area liable to severest design intensity of

MSK IX or more, the remaining area of these districts being liable to the next

severe intensity VIII. Two districts Bilaspur(25.3%) and Una (37.0%) also have

Dharamshalaearthquake of 1986

substantial area in MSK IX and rest in MSK VIII. The remaining districts also are

liable to intensity VIII. As a whole about 32% of the total geographical area of

Himachal Pradesh falls in the High Seismic Zone, zone V. Kangra earthquake of

1905 (M=8.0) and Dharamshala earthquake of 26th April 1986 (M=5.7) indicates

that the region surrounding Dharamshala is marked by complex tectonic

environment where the slow accumulation of strain and its sudden release along

the regional or local thrust sheets may lead to earthquake activity. Dharamshala

region had also witnessed an earthquake of magnitude 5.0 on 15th June 1978.

Similarly Kinnaur area had experienced an earthquake on 19 Jan. 1975 (M=6.7).

As per the recent study done by Remote Sensing Cell of the Council using the

satellite data and the past epicenter data of Himachal Pradesh there are certain

gaps which may be referred as micro seismic gaps in the northwestern and south

eastern parts of the state where stresses are still accumulated and can be the

possible areas for future seismicity.

Unfortunately in spite of the probable maximum seismic intensities

being very high, the house types mostly fall under category A consisting of walls

of clay mud, unburnt bricks or random rubble masonry without any earthquake

resistant features. (Table -II) Even in the seven districts cited in the above table,

the category A houses account for very high percentage even (96%). The

situation in the remaining five districts is not much different. Now all such houses

are liable to total collapse if intensity IX or more actually occurs in future and will

have sever damage called destruction with very large cracks and partial collapse

even in intensity VIII areas.

Also the burnt brick constructions classified as category B do not

have the earthquake resistant features, namely good cement mortar, seismic

bands and roof types etc. Therefore they will also be liable to severe damage

under intensity IX, as well as in VIII.

DISTRICT WITH EQ INTENSITIES AND BUILDING TYPES:

Sr.No. Name of Distt.(Total No. of Housing Units)

MSK IX or more

MSK VIII

A-cat A-cat B-cat C-cat X-cat

%area %area (Clay) (Stone) (Brick) (Concrete) (GI and other metal sheets)

1 Kangra(397728 98.6 1.4 75.6 5.77 16.19 0.72 1.72

2 Mandi(313362) 97.4 2.6 19.12 73.9 3.47 3.14 0.37

3 Hamirpur(144408) 90.9 9.1 77.25 8.47 13.4 0.33 0.56

4 Chamba(145344) 63.2 36.8 7.95 84.3 3.25 3.03 1.46

5 Kullu(123455) 53.1 46.9 1.22 88.69 3 6.8 0.3

6 Una(129538) 37 63 47.96 4.72 44.86 0.59 1.87

7 Bilaspur(111107) 25.3 74.7 48.35 40.23 9.33 1.24 0.86

8 Solan(139261) 2.4 97.6 29.97 39.09 28.24 1.25 1.45

9 Lahaul &Spiti(14521)

1.1 98.9 31.83 64.25 0.14 1.02 2.77

10 Kinnaur(39351) ---- 100 0.36 73.41 1.31 22.6 2.28

11 Shimla(266871) ---- 100 8.68 69.96 12.96 6.88 1.52

12 Sirmour(150990) ---- 100 8.29 74.45 13.46 1.02 2.77

(Source: Vulnerability Atlas of Himachal Pradesh,1997)

In one of the case studies, damage potential of an earthquake of

magnitude 8.0 on Richter scale to the housing in Kangra district has been worked

out by referring to what happened during 1905 earthquake. The potential

damage to various types of houses has been attempted for a hypothetical

earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale based on 1991 census.

The following scenario has emerged:

(a) Completely collapsed houses 1,36,000 (b) Those partly destroyed and partly having large 2,63,000

and deep cracks which require reconstruction

(c) Those without total or partial collapses but with 9,16,000 large cracks. Some of these may have to be reconstructed but most requirable with 15 to 20% of the cost of reconstruction. (d) Those with small cracks, repairable with evacuation 3,58,000 (e) Those with only fine cracks or no damage 1,43,000 (f) Number of potential deaths 65,000

Economic losses may amount to Rs. 5000 Crores besides amount spent on relief and temporary sheltering ( Price index of 1997)

If on the other hand all such houses were initially built with earthquake

resistant feature in kutcha as well as puckka houses, the damage scenario will change as follows

: Total collapsed houses 8300

Destroyed with partial collapse 95000

Deep large cracks 312400

Small cracks 648000

Estimated loss of human lives 12000

Economic loss estimated is reduced to Rs.1960 Crores. Besides

the cost of relief and temporary sheltering will also be reduce to one third of the

above.

From the above discussions it is clear that the state of Himachal

Pradesh has a history of earthquakes and the buildings by and large are

vulnerable to damage in the event of an earthquake. The largest earthquake

recorded (January 31,1906) in Columbia –Ecuador and March 2,1933 in Japan

had a Richter magnitude of above 8.9 because the rocks can only be strained so

much before breaking. This magnitude is about the limit, which can be produced

by tectonic means in Earth. Most sensitive modern seismographs can measure

earthquakes that can be felt by human beings.

OBJECTIVES:

In order to create awareness at the grass root level about the

construction of earthquake resistant houses in Himachal Pradesh, the State

Council for Technology & Environment organized demonstration workshop at

Palampur for the participants of Kangra, Chamba, Hamirpur & Una Districts,

Himachal Pradesh. The workshop was organized at CSKKV, Director Extension,

Palampur on 21st-22nd February 2017. Central Building Research Institute

Roorkee provided the full technical support during the two days workshop. The

workshop was organized with the following objectives:

To create awareness about the disaster in general and the earthquakes in

particular and amongst the grass root level Junior Engineers and Masons

of Development Blocks of Kangra, Chamba, Hamirpur & Una Division.

To impart hands-on training to the Masons and Junior Engineers about the

different earthquake resistant features to have earthquake resistant

houses in rural areas of Himachal Pradesh.

Capacity building of trained human resource development in having

earthquake resistant constructions in Himachal Pradesh.

APPROACH:

The two organizations, HPSCST&E Shimla and CBRI Roorkee

accordingly shouldered the responsibilities jointly and worked together for

successful organization of the training programme at CSKKV, Palampur. The

HPCST&E mobilized the trainee participants from different blocks of the Kangra,

Chamba, Hamirpur & Una Sub-Divisions and looked after for all local

arrangements of venue, stay of the faculty and trainees including travel and

meals of the trainee participants. CBRI on its part provided full technical support,

faculty, readers and course materials and planning & arranging of technical

sessions, demonstrations, hands on practice sessions, film show etc.

The Director CSKKV of the Palampur actively participated and

provided full infrastructural support like their auditorium, demonstration site and

AV facilities for organizing the programme.

PROBLEMS OF HOUSING IN HILLS:

The study of Rural Housing in the hills of HP identified some

of the following problems which predominantly affect quality of housing

constructions and living

as –

Difficulty of getting suitable orientation on the hill slopes.

Problems of soil erosion and land slides.

Dense forest area and Restrictions by the forest department

Limitations on the height of the building due to earthquake risk.

High cost involved in the site development due to the cutting and the filling of hill slopes to obtain a flat terrace for construction.

Non-availability of motorable roads to construction site making transport of material to site difficult and costly.

INAUGURAL PROGRAMME:

The two days

demonstration workshop was formally

inaugurated by Ms. Nandita Gupta, IAS

Divisional Commissioner, Kangra, .

At outset, Sh. Kunal

Satyarthi,IFS, Chief Scientific Officer-cum-

Joint Member Secretary, State Council for

Science Technology & Environment

welcomed the Chief Guest, Ms. Nandita

Gupta, Divisional Commissioner Kangra

and the Guest of Honour Dr.Sanjay

Kumar, Director IHBT Palampur on this occasion, Er. Y Pandey, Chief Scientist,

CBRI Roorkee and his team, print and electronic media and the esteemed

participants from various departments like PWD, IPH all the Development Blocks

from Kangra,Chamba,Hamirpur and Una districts. Sh.Kunal briefly apprised the

dignitaries and the participants about the objectives of the programme and the

work done by the Department on disaster management at various platforms.

Sh. Kunal Satyarthi, IFS

while welcoming further apprised the

august gathering about the seismicity

in Himachal Pradesh and its

vulnerability over the years as far as

various hazards are concerned.

Sh.Kunal informed that though we may

not be able to avoid the occurrence of

an earthquake yet we can certainly minimize its impact by having proper pre

disaster management plans. So far our focus had been on relief and

rehabilitation measures, little attention has been paid to disaster risk reduction

strategies. Lack of such coherent disaster reduction strategies coupled with the

absence of a ‘culture of prevention’ is a serious gap in the existing approach of

Disaster Management Plans in almost at all levels. In continuation to this , he

further said that we have to equip ourselves through adequate polices and

strategies for minimising vulnerability & hazards. Building of institutional

capabilities and community preparedness is of paramount importance in this

context and is immediately required. Creating and propagating the concept of

safety culture in the society is also crucial to ensure desired preparedness.

Inputs like education, awareness, training and capacity building also play a

significant role. It is in this context, this workshop has great relevance and is

being organized for the Junior Engineers from PWD and Block level Masons from

four districts of Himachal Pradesh. This is being organized by the State Council

for Science Technology & Environment & CBRI Roorkee and is second in this

series which would be helpful in creating awareness amongst our grass root level

workers like the Masons and the Junior Engineers who are pioneering in

constructing most of the construction in different sectors.

Er. Y Pandey, Chief Scientist

CBRI, Roorkee in his keynote address

highlighted the lessons learnt by the

Engineers during the earlier Earthquake

damages caused to both life and property.

Er. Y Pandey briefed on theoretical and

practical resistant structures and briefed

on how the desired strength, ductility and other structural parameters are taken

into the design considerations. He further elaborated on various provisions

highlighted in NBC & BIS codes, develop of which were subsequently discussed

by CBRI faculty during the training.

Dr. Sanjay Sharma,

Director IHBT, Palampur and the

Guests of Honour on this occasion in

his address welcomed the Chief Guest,

CBRI Chief Scientific Officer and his

team to Kangra and the dignitaries and

the participants from the various

stakeholder departments of the

Kangra, Chamba, Una & Hamirpur Districts. Dr Sanjay in his address explained

about the plate tectonics in brief and its importance from the Himalayan tectonic

point of view. He further said that this workshop would be of great relevance to

the officers from his district as some districts has been facing lot of problems due

to the natural hazards mainly the landslides and floods over the years. He

further said that the earthquake vulnerability of this district is also very high and

had witnessed an earthquake in the year 1905 where lot of damage occurred. He

assured that our officers would implement the learning from this workshop in the

field and also guide the other local people of the area so that the post disaster

effects are minimized.

Dr.S.S.Randhawa, Senior

Scientific Officer from the State Council

for Science Technology & Environment in

his presentation gave an overview of the

hazard vulnerability of the State. He

apprised the august gathering about the

various mitigation measures being taken

at the state level as far as the

management of these hazards is concerned. He also presented an overview of

the work done by the State Council and the manpower trained so far in this

sector through various training programmes.

Ms. Nandita Gupta, IAS,

Divisional Commissioner, Kangra and the

Chief Guest on this occasion in her

inaugural address also welcomed the

CBRI team to District Kangra. She further

said this district is highly fragile and the

vulnerability of the district from different

hazards is very high. A lot of new problems

have been developed because of the one or the other reasons in the district. She

said that by organizing awareness cum demonstration workshops for the grass

root level works would be of great importance as these are our pillars and

pioneers in all construction activities in our rural areas. Such grass root level

trainings would help in adoption of suitable Earthquake Resistant Technologies

and serve the larger interest of the Himalayan State, which falls in Zone IV & V

by the norms of the earthquake definitions. The chief guest appreciated the joint

effort of HPCST&E and CBRI, Roorkee for taking up an interesting societal

programme. She advised the trainee participants to learn appropriate techniques

with full dedication and a commitment in order to take and transfer them further

for field implementations in all future construction activities. The Chief Guest also

suggested for inclusion of a discussion on suitable retrofitting techniques in the

training curriculum so as to help and get them implemented in the improvement

of the existing houses and making them earthquake resistant.

FACULTY:

The following 6 CBRI scientists participated as resource faculty for organization of the programme:

Shri S K Negi, Scientist, Architect

Dr. Y.Pandey, Chief Scientist.

Shri H K Jain, Tech. Officer Civil Engg.

Dr. R Dharam Raju, Tech. Officer, Civil Engg

Ar. Swati, Civil Engg.

Er. Vishal Singh, Civil Engg.

The main officials from HP CST&E, Shimla associated with the organization of

the Programme included;

Dr. S S Randhawa, Scientific Officer, HP CST&E, Shimla

Shri Chander Verma, Asst. Controller(F&A)

Sh.Gopal Jain, Head Draughtsman

Sh.Ishant Rai, Project Associate

Ms. Shubra Randhawa, Scientific Professional

PARTICIPANTS:

The trainees of the programme were

junior engineers and masons derived

mainly from various Block Development

Offices of the district of Kangra,

Chamba, Hamirpur & Una. Some NGOs

and individuals engaged in rural

development, civil construction and

housing activities also participated in

the programme. The programme was attended by about 145 trainees consisting

of social workers, engineers from government departments, volunteers, and

masons from various nearby villages. Interestingly the attendance kept on

increasing every subsequent day as news of the programme spread by news

paper publicity and word of mou.

Faculty I Faculty II

List of the participants for Two Days Awareness-cum

Demonstration workshop on the Designs for the Earthquake

Resistant Constructions in rural areas for the Junior

Engineers and Masons of Kangra, Chamba, Una &

Hamirpur Districts of Himachal Pradesh

Sr. No. Name & Designation Address Contact

Number District

1 Sh. Parminder Jaryal (Block Engineer

BDO, Tissa 9418495133 Chamba

2 Sh. Joginder kumar Sharma ( JE)

BDO, Chamba 9418355732 Chamba

3 Sh. Rakesh Kumar (JE) BDO, Salooni 9418388972 Chamba

4 Sh. Sanchar Chand (JE) BDO, Bamson 9816333685 Hamirpur

5 Sh. Bhagwati Singh (JE)

BDO, Bhoranj 9805479701 Hamirpur

6 Sh. Varinder Thakur (JE)

BDO, Bijhari 9805486215 Hamirpur

7 Sh. Naresh Kumar Patiyal (JE)

BDO, Hamirpur 9816972398 Hamirpur

8 Sh. Hem Raj Kaundal (JE)

BDO, Nadaun 9816040940 Hamirpur

9 Sh. Chander Shekhar, (JE)

BDO, Sujanpur 9418636654 Hamirpur

10 Sh. Ramesh Chand (Mason)

Block Bamson 8894458020 Hamirpur

11 Sh. Kulwant Singh (Mason)

Block Bijhari 9817421915 Hamirpur

12 Sh. Dinesh Kumar (Mason)

Block Hamirpur 9817422432 Hamirpur

13 Sh. Dev Raj (JE) BDO, Panchrukhi 9418219022 Kangra

14 Sh. Arvinder Singh (JE) BDO, Fatehpur 9418053047 Kangra

15 Sh. Balwan Singh (JE) BDO, Indora 9418757322 Kangra

16 Sh. Umesh kumar (JE) BDO, Nurpur 9805286055 Kangra

17 Sh. Ashwani Kumar (JE)

BDO, Lambagaon 9418404378 Kangra

18 Sh. Rajiv Acharya (JE) BDO, Sullah 8894125471 Kangra

19 Sh. Anil Patiyal (JE) BDO, Pragpur 9459890277 Kangra

20 Sh. Angesh Nath Dhiman (JE)

BDO, Rait 9418054500 Kangra

21 Sh. Satish Katoch (JE) BDO, Rait 9805229392 Kangra

22 Sh. Ajit Pal Singh (JE) BDO, Dehra 9816440041 Kangra

23 Sh. Jeevan Jyoti BDO, Nagrota Bagwan

9418111849 Kangra

24 Sh. Balbir Singh (Block Engineer)

BDO, Nagrota Suriyan

8894620920 Kangra

25 Sh. Kalyan Jaggi (JE) BDO, Bhawarna Kangra

26 Sh. Jitender Pathania (JE)

BDO, Kangra 9418476733 Kangra

27 Sh. Prabhat Singh (Mason)

Block, Rait Kangra

28 Sh. Rakesh Kumar (Mason)

Block, Fatehpur 9816851657 Kangra

29 Sh. Ram Singh (Mason)

Block, Nagrota Suriyan

8894947431 Kangra

30 Sh. Pritam Chand (Mason)

Block, Indora 9816318153 Kangra

31 Sh. Bal Krishan (Mason)

Block, Nagrota Bagwan

8894947431 Kangra

32 Sh. Rajinder Kumar (Mason)

Block, Kangra 8894926596 Kangra

33 Sh. Rajesh Kumar (Mason)

Block, Pragpur 9625135496 Kangra

34 Ajeet Kumar (Mason) Block, Dharamshala

9882025911 Kangra

35 Sh. Jagir Kumar (TA) Block, Bangana 9805905436 Una

36 Sh. Vipan Kumar (TA) Block, Bangana 9817880778 Una

37 Sh. Sukhdev Singh (Mason)

Block, Una Una

38 Sh. Avtar Singh (JE) PWD Palampur 9816346171 Kangra

39 Sh. Raman Kumar (JE) PWD Thural 9816718013 Kangra

40 Sh. Shaminder Kumar (JE)

PWD Gaggal 9459019900 Kangra

41 Sh. Dinesh Kapoor (JE) PWD Tanda 9805096503 Kangra

42 Sh. Shakti Singh (JE) PWD Nurpur 9418997822 Kangra

43 Sh. Pritam Chand (JE) PWD Nurpur 9816333130 Kangra

44 Sh. Pardeep Kumar (JE)

PWD Dehra 9418305601 Kangra

45 Sh. Ajay Kumar Sharma (JE)

PWD Dharamshala

9418188076 Kangra

46 Sh. Kunal Attri (JE) PWD Bhwarna 8988008969 Kangra

47 Sh. B.D. Kapoor (JE) PWD Panchrukhi 9816641892 Kangra

48 Sh. Anand Katoch (JE) PWD Baijnath 9418249332 Kangra

49 Sh. Sushil Kumar (JE) PWD Jaisinghpur 8894378980 Kangra

50 Sh. Ved Vrat (JE) PWD Gaggal 9418427486 Kangra

51 Sh. Kuldeep Singh (JE) PWD Fatehpur 9816932692 Kangra

52 Sh. Updeshwar Singh (JE)

PWD Fatehpur 9418333764 Kangra

53 Sh. Anil Kumar (JE) PWD Jawali 9418452755 Kangra

54 Sh. Bhaskar Sehgal (JE)

PWD Chamba 9816689865 Chamba

55 Sh. Vipul Punj (JE) PWD Banikhet 8988018684 Chamba

56 Sh. Ankush (JE) PWD Sihunta 8894379890 Chamba

57 Sh. Raj Kumar (JE) PWD Holi 8894110736 Chamba

58 Sh. Vipan Kumar(JE) PWD Killar 9418293453 Chamba

59 Sh. Sanjay Katoch (JE) PWD Hamirpur 9817492205 Hamirpur

60 Sh. Vijay Dhiman (JE) PWD Lambloo 9418113700 Hamirpur

61 Sh. Anshul Chaudhary (JE)

PWD Barsar 9805408225 Hamirpur

62 Sh. Amit Kapil (JE) PWD Dhaneta 9418716899 Hamirpur

63 Sh. Nitish Kumar (JE) PWD Kakkar 8894073870 Hamirpur

64 Sh. Sanjay Soni (JE) PWD Sujanpur 9418473880 Hamirpur

65 Sh. Kuldeep Rajan (JE) PWD Bangana 9418969681 Una

66 Sh. Kishor Chand (JE) PWD Bangana 9418378954 Una

67 Sh. Ashish Kumar (JE) PWD Gagret 9882673789 Una

68 Sh. Bhagirath (JE) PWD Una 9418047564 Una

69 Sh. Pradeep Jaswal (JE)

HIMUDA Dharamshala

Kangra

70 Sh. Pawan Kumar (JE) HIMUDA Dharamshala

Kangra

71 Sh. Ajay Kumar (JE) HIMUDA Palampur

Kangra

72 Sh. Anoop Sood (JE) HIMUDA Palampur

Kangra

73 Sh. Munish Kumar (JE) HIMUDA Hamirpur

Hamirpur

74 Sh. Praveen Kumar (Mason)

Panchrukhi Kangra

75 Sh. Bhism Das (Mason)

Jhundpur Kangra

76 Sh. Subhas Goswami Dharamshala Kangra

77 Sh. Arun Sharma (Asstt. Engineer)

CSKKV, Palampur 9418330365 Kangra

78 Sh. Pratap Thakur (AE) CSKKV, Palampur 9418043688 Kangra

79 Sh. Baldev Prakash (Asst. Architect)


80 Sh. Vipan Nag (AE) CSKKV, Palampur 9418331322 Kangra

81 Sh. DD Sharma (Asst. Editor)


82 Dr. Mandeep (HoD) CSKKV, Palampur 9816030341 Kangra

83 Dr. Inder Singh (HoD) CSKKV, Palampur 9418049211 Kangra

84 Dr. Dinesh (Dean) CSKKV, Palampur 9816185743 Kangra

85 Dr. R. Kumar (Head Physiology)


86 Dr. SK Rana (HoD) Plant Pathology


87 Dr. DC Sharma (Entomology)


88 Dr. SP Dixit (Soil Science)


89 Dr. JP Saini (Oragnic Agri)


90 Dr. SK Chauhan (HoD) CSKKV, Palampur 9817121900 Kangra

91 Dr. Promila (HoD) HECM


92 Dr. Sapna Gautam (HoD) TAO


93 Dr. Neena Vyas (HoD) FRM


94 Sh. Ashwani Kumar (ASO)


95 Dr. JK Sharma (HoD) CSKKV, Palampur 9418909960 Kangra

96 Dr. SK Upadhyay (HoD)


97 Dr. YS Dhaliwal (HoD) CSKKV, Palampur 9816082444 Kangra

98 Prof. VK Gupta (HoD) CSKKV, Palampur 9418089344 Kangra

99 Sh. Baldev Singh (AE) CSKKV, Palampur 9816307996 Kangra

100 Sh. Arun Kumar Vyas (JE)


101 Sh. Sushil Chand (JE) CSKKV, Palampur 9418715035 Kangra

102 Sh. Pradeep Kumar (TA)

Dharamshala 9418789356 Kangra

103 Sh. Joginder Singh (Mason)

9418188512 Kangra

104 Sh. AK Sharma (JE) PWD Baijnath 9418008137 Kangra

105 Dr. Neelam Sharma (Head)


106 Dr. Raj Pathania (Prof. & Head)


107 Dr. RS Rana (Prof.) CSKKV, Palampur 9418106167 Kangra

108 Sh. RS Thakur (AE) CSKKV, Palampur 9418465409 Kangra

109 Dr. Pawan Kumar Sharma (Animal Sci)


110 Sh. Geetesh Bhrigu (Press)

Punjab Kesari 9418045533 Kangra

111 Sh. Sharda Anand Gautam (Press)

Himachal Dastak 9418835111 Kangra

112 Sh.Anil Dhiman (APRO)

9418868886 Kangra

113 Sh. Amar Chand IPR 9459566116 Kangra

114 Sh. Amit Kumar Darpan TV 9882843403 Kangra

115 Sh. Ravi Kumar Darpan TV Kangra

116 Sh. Lucky Kumar Photographer (Palampur)

9817155538 Kangra

117 Er. Y Pandey (CSO) CBRI, Roorkee Uttrakhand

118 Ar. SK Negi CBRI, Roorkee Uttrakhand

119 Dr. R Dharmraju CBRI, Roorkee Uttrakhand

120 Er. H K Jain CBRI, Roorkee Uttrakhand

121 Ar. Swati CBRI, Roorkee Uttrakhand

122 Er. Vishal Singh CBRI, Roorkee Uttrakhand

123 Dr. S S Randhawa (SSO)

Sci & Tech, Shimla

9418382126 Shimla

124 Sh. Chander Verma (ACF)

Sci & Tech, Shimla

9418011720 Shimla

125 Sh. Gopal Jain (HDM) Sci & Tech, Shimla

9418109246 Shimla

126 Ms. Shubra Randhawa (SP)

Sci & Tech, Shimla

9805556651 Shimla

127 Sh. Ishant Rai (Project Asst.)

Sci & Tech, Shimla

9418089063 Shimla

128 Sh. Amit Kumar (PA) Sci & Tech, Shimla

9418800179 Shimla

COURSE CONTENTS:

Based on the geographical study, availability of resource materials

and skills, living pattern of the villagers and also looking into the strengths,

weaknesses and future possibilities, the course contents of the programme were

designed to meet various housing needs of the region.

The training course mainly covered;

Planning of Rural Housing

Earthquake, wind and fire resistant Housing.

Earthquake features & Tips for housing in Zone ‘V’ region.

Fire and Rain Resistant Mud & Thatch Construction,

Plinth protection of existing mud+stone walls

Selection, treatment and structural use of bamboo

Rural sanitation – 2 pit sanitary latrine and waste water disposal system

Quality Control in Rural Housing

Improved Building Materials and Construction Technologies for Rural

Housing

Precast RC Plank and Brick Panel roofing Systems, C-Bricks and

Concrete Blocks,

C-Bricks, sand+cement bricks

Ferrocement Products and Applications

Rural Housing for Improved Quality of Life: Cooling, Ventilation, day

lighting, smokeless chullah, chimney, Rain water harvesting, Terrafill

water filter etc.

The programme was adequately supplemented with field

demonstrations, models, Power Point presentations, and a technical exhibition

that was also put up at the venue.

Himachal Pradesh being prone to earthquakes, landslides, heavy

rains, winds and fire hazards, all the faculty members stressed on the design and

construction of hazard resistant houses using locally available materials and

skills.

DEMONSTRATIONS:

Hands –on – training and demonstrations were arranged on the

following for the engineers and masons, live or by using models and AV display;

Correct method of providing vertical steel bars in brick masonry, laying

earthquake bands in buildings and mud houses, bonds at corners and

junctions of walls

Rat-trap bond brick masonry

Fire and rain resistant thatch roof

Production of cement sand bricks

C-brick machine and process

Precast RC plank and Brick panel systems of roofing

Concrete & stone masonry blocks

Two pit rural latrine

Rural waste water disposal system

Methods of protecting mud walls against floods and rains

Bamboo reinforced ferrocement wall cladding

Demonstrations and Hands-on-training organized at Kangra, CSKKV,

Palampur.

FILM SCREENING:

A film on Stone and Concrete masonry Blocks and another on

Earthquake resistant construction of rural houses were also screened on the

second day of the programme. The film together with live demonstrations of

several technologies and a hands-on-practice opportunity to the mason trainees

has significantly helped in understanding of the details of technicalities, working

methodologies which are important for the field implementation.

COURSE MATERIALS:

Technical Books, containing details of technologies and materials

covered in the programme, in English for engineers and in Hindi for masons was

specially designed and distributed. Bound volume of the book was distributed

among all participants along with a simple training kit. The book provides

adequate details of all topics that were covered in the training programme and

additional technical details on topics that could be of interest to engineers and

masons engaged in rural housing in Kangra, Chamba, Una & Hamirpur region of

Himachal Pradesh.

INTERACTIVE AND CONCLUDING PROGRAMME:

The interactive session and concluding

programme was Chaired by Shri

Y.Pandey, Chief Scientist, CBRI,

Roorkee, Uttrakhand. On the

concluding day a problem solving

session evoked a very good response

from the participants wherein housing

construction problems, appropriate

economical rural Housing technologies, disaster resistant housing, use of local

stone and sand in the construction were some of the main issues discussed.

The trainees freely participated in the interactive session and expressed their

views which mainly pertained to the usefulness for the field engineers and

construction workers. Some engineers

expressed their doubt for adoption of newer

technologies in Government Construction

works unless these are incorporated in

state PWD specifications and schedule of

rates. Trainees expressed their satisfaction

about the contents of the training technical

readers and the method of imparting training which stressed more on clarity, field

demonstration and hands-on practice sessions for mason artisans. They

concurred that joint session with field construction engineers and masons helps

in better mutual understanding and improving good quality practices/norms in

construction. Some entrepreneurs in the area are manufacturing hollow and solid

concrete blocks. Since the cost of such blocks is high and quality is poor,

technical guidance and planned effort is

needed to train such entrepreneurs.

HPSCST&E with technical assistance from

CBRI may introduce good production

practices in the region and initiate few

programme to ensure practical

implementation of these technologies. Few

NGOs have come forward to arrange more

such programmes at the grass root level in villages and desired to have support

from HPSCST&E and CBRI, Roorkee.

MEDIA PUBLICITY:

The training attracted wide

attention of all local media people, who

highlighted the programme. A large number of

newspapers published reports on the

programme prominently for all the 2 days

continuously. Learning from newspapers, new

participants joined the training programme in

the successive day.

ACKNOLWEDGEMENT:

The State Council for Science Technology is highly thankful to Dr.

N.Gopalkrishnan, Director, Central Building Research Institute Roorkee for

organizing the programme in the State of Himachal Pradesh. We are also

thankful to the whole team of Central Building of Research Institute, Roorkee for

providing full technical support in terms of resource faculty and the resource

material etc.for organizing the training programme successfully. The guidance

and the moral support extended by worthy Additional Chief Secretary (Env.S&T)

to the Govt. of Himachal Pradesh and the Member Secretary (EC) State Council

for Science, Technology & Environment is duly acknowledged. Logistic support

extended by Vice Chancellor CSK Agriculture University Palampur, Director

IHBT, Executive Engineer PWD Palampur, Executive Engineer IPH Palampur,

Divisional forest Officer Palampur, is duly acknowledged. The local electronic as

well as the print media is also acknowledged for the wider circulation of the

event.

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TWO DAYS AWARENESS CUM-DEMONSTRATION … days awareness –cum-demonstration prorgamme on earthquake...

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