SIEMENS

TVTransmitter 2/O.2 kW Band lllwith modulation at a fixed lF

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VContentsl. Design

ll. Featureslll. ConstructionlV. Principles of OperationV. Electrical Data

Vl. Scope ol Delivery

lssued by Bereich Bauelemente, Vertrieb, Balanstraße 73.8000 München 80

Terms of de lverv and riahts to chanse desisn reserved.

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v

l. Designfhe 2/O.2 kW VHF Band lll television transmitter consists

vof separate amplifier chains for the picture and soundsignals with a combining network at the output. The pic-ture and sound pre stage with associated power supplyis located in one cabinet together with the 2/0.2 kW out-put stage with power supply and the diplexer in a secondcabinet, the combining unit. lt is possible to house inthis cabinet also some monitoring equipment. As picturemonitor, oscilloscope, switch point selector, sound de-modulator, Nyquist demodulator, but note this equipmentis not part of the transmitter.The standard version is designed for operation in accord-ance with the CCIR Recommendations (625 lines, T MHzchannel bandwldth). lf required the transmitter can alsobe supplied to the FCC standard (525 lines, 6 MHz channelbandwidth), or OIRT standard (625 lines, S MHz channelbandwidth). For these systems the transmitter is fullycolor-compatible to the NTSC. PAL or SECAM standards,

Modulation at f ixed lF assures the transmitter meets highquality requirements with excellenl long-term stability.The lower signal level stages up to I0 W output powerncorporate s licon trans sto'5. tr're oower stages tetrodes.YBoth the picture and sound ampi fier and diplexer combin-ing unit can be tuned over the entire band lll range of 1 74to 230 MHz. Before delivery, they are tuned to a fixedcha n nel.

Forced air cooling only is employed. The transmitleroperates lrom a three-phase 380i 220 V 13% mains. Forlarger mains variations a mains regulator is required. Thisis not supplied as part of the transmitter.

ll. FeaturesSmall d imensions.

Picture and sound transmitters 2/0.2kW, with associatedpower supply in one cabinet. Diplexer with probable moni-

- torinq equipment in a second cabinet.vTransmitter interlock in accordance with IEC Recom-mendations 215-1.Fault memory for 39 functions.

Transmitter preamplifier stages up to an output power otapprox. 1O W fitted with silicon transistors.

Modulation at f ixed lF.

For TV transmission in accordance with CCIR Recom-mendalions (625 lines, channel bandwidth 7 MHz).

Also available for FCC or OIRT standards.

Completely color-compatible for NTSC, PAL or SECAMstandards.

lll. Construction(fig.2)

The cabinets 685 mm wide, 1070 mm deep and 2026 mmhigh have lockable doors at the back and front. Metersfor monitoring all important parameters are located in aninstrument panel above the front doors.

For signal processing and amplification the prestagecabinet contains the video preequalizer, exciter with FMexciter unit, picture modulator, picture converter, 5 Wtransistorized picture driver stage 100 W power amplifier,sound converter with 10 W transistorized sound driverstage together with the power supply and protectioncircuits. As well as the 2 kW picture PA, 0.2 kW soundPA with associated power supply and protection circuits.The second cabinet, the combining unit, contains thediplexer and on request also monitoring assembly units.

It is advisable because of noise to install the air coolingequipment in a separate sound-proof room.

High long-term stability of its characleristics makes thetransmitter especially suitable for operation on unattendedstations. A remote control system carries commands tolhe transmitter and transmits back the correspondingsignals. On attended stations the transmitter is switchedon centrally from the transmitter control panel.

An interlock loop prevents damage to the transmitterby operators errors. AII control knobs and sliders that mayhave 10 be adjusted occassionally cannot endangerpersonnel.

The transmitter contains all monitoring instruments re-quired for constant supervision and measurement of theoperating voltages and currents. ln addition to metersin the instrument panel across the top of the transmitter,meters are provided on the front panel of individual unitswhere necessary. Visual indicators and lamps indicatedeviations from normal operation and faults in eachstage.

The quality of the picture and sound signals can bechecked at various points. For example the video pre-equalizer has well decoupled 75 ohm outputs to whichvideo control instruments can be connected. A number ofdirectional couplers with 50 ohm outputs are providedfor lF and RF tesl equipment. Separaie control unitscontaining a video-lracer, video oscilloscope, and Nyquistdemodulator can also be supplied on request, and locatedabove the diplexer.

lV. Principles of operation(fig.3)

2/0.2 kW picture and sound transrnitters

The two video inputs of the picture transmitter are de-signed as coaxial insertion filters. The incoming video linetherefore does not terminate in the trdnsmitter but canbe continued to any other points such as the piclure trans-mitter monitoring equipment. A remote controlled changeover switch connects the video preequalizer input to oneof the two program lines.

The subsequent video preequalizer equalizes and preparesthe video signal. lt contains an adjustable correction net-work to compensate for non linear distortion in the poweramplifier stages following (linearity correction), and adelay equalization network adjustable in steps and mainlyeffective at the upper end of the video frequency band.The video preequalizer also assumes the functions oflevelling, white level clamping, indication of excessivewhite level and precorrection of the differential phase oc-curing in the subsequent power amplifier stages.

The exciter supplies a standard 38.9 MHz lF sinewavefor the video and sound modulators. and an RF sinewave

2

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for the two converters at a frequency obtained by addingthe channel frequency f6 to the intermediate frequency frF.!lAs the frequency f F is substracted again in the converters,frequency errors of the lF oscillator cancel out at thetransmitter output.

The channel frequency is obtained by multiplication froma quartz crystal oscillator in a thermostatically controlledoven. The oscillator frequency remains within the admis-sible tolerance over many month without requiring cor-rection.

ln the modulator the standard lF of 38.9 MHz is amplitudemodulated (negative modulation) with the video signal.The blanking level determines the level clamping, and issuch that with color transmission the color burst remainspractically unaffected. A band-pass filter followingthe modulator stage also acts as vestigial sidebandfilter.

This is lollowed by a delay equalizino circuit which in -the vestigial sideband range irovides"bener possibilities !

of equalizing than video frequency equalization. Boththe vestigial sideband filter and delay equalizer can beswitched out of the signal path from the front panel andmeasured separately. The modulator also contains a furtherequalizing circuit to correct for amplitude non-linearityin lhe subsequent RF power amplifier stages.

The lF signal from the modulator is fed to the picturefrequency converter, where it is converted to the channelfrequency and amplified to about 0.5 W. Another transis-tor stage amplifies the RF signal to the 5 W level to drivethe RF penultimate amplifier to 100 W peak sync across50 ohms.

The F lvl exciter contains an oscillator that is frequencymodulated by the audio signal from a two stage regulatorand AF amplifier. An AFC circuit keeps the center fre-quency of the FM signal within the usual tolerances by a

large safety margin. ln accordance with the CCIR stand- Arard, the frequency modulator operates at 33.4 MHz. Afteramplification the lF sound signal is applied to the soundconverter, which resembles the picture converter. Thisis followed by a 10 W transistorized driver.

v

2/O.2 kW picture and sound stage mutual interference. lt also helps to suppress the colorV subcarrier at -4.43 MHz !n the lower sideband.

The 2 kW picture output stage fitted with the tetrode typeYL 1056 is a straight amplifier operating in class AB. lts characteristic is obtained with two identical band stop

filters inserted in a double bridge with absorber.The sound output stage is preparing the 200 W outputpower. For measuring purposes, the picture or sound transmitter

can be connected directly to the antenna or a dummy

Combining unit The diplexer is situated in the lower part of this cabinet,up to a height of about 80 cm. Above the diplexer, an-

The diplexer in this unit combines the picture and sound other 85 cm can be used for taking up additional monitor-transmitter outputs to the common antenna input without ing equipment.

V. Electrical Data for CCIR Standard B

Yceneral

Rated output power, single and double transmitter 2/O.2 kW

Ratio of picture to sound output power 10 : 1

Frequency rangeTransmitter tuning range 174to23O MHz (channels5to 12)

Video frequency modulation bandwidth of vision channel 0 to 5 MHz

Color subcarrier frequency 4.43 MHzColor system NTSC. PAL or SECAM

Frequency deviation with 1OO% drive + 50 kHzMaximum frequency deviation 2 70 kHz

Sound frequency modulation bandwidrh 30 to 15,000 Hz

Cooling

Air cooling

YAdmissible ambient temperature range in transmitter I + 51s +45 "C for b/w operationroom to meet specified performance I +t S to +45 'C for color operationMaximum admissible humidity in transmitter room 90% at max. +26 "C

Ru nning- in time 30 minutes

output power and powsr consumption

Rated output power

Picture transmitter (Peak pulse power)Sound transmitter

Mains input')

Power input including blow€rs

a) with 2/0.2 kW rated power,white picture

b) with 2/0.2 kW rated power.black picture without lift

c) Operating transmitter with 2/0.2 kW into the antenna.standby transmitter with 2/O.2 kW into dummy load,black picture without lift

Phase current

Fusos (fast trip)

Blow€rsa) lnlet air

Mains voltaga rogulator

Single transmitter

> 2kw> 0.2 kw

3x380/220v +3o/"50 Hz +5%

approx. 4.6 kVAcos 9 ) 0.93

approx. 5.1 kVAcos E ä 0.93

max. 9 A

3x20A

0.55 kw

3 x 2.5 kVA

Double transmitter

> 2kw> 0.2 kw

3x380/220 V r30Ä50 Hz +5%

approx. 4.6 kVAcos q ä 0.93

approx. 5.1 kVAcos 9 ) 0.93

approx. 10.2 kVAcos 9 ) 0.93

max- '18 A

!x(lx20A)

2 x0.55 kW

2 x (3 x 2.5 kVA)alternativ:'| x (! x 7.5 kVA)

Il

4

For larger mains voltage fluctualions a mains voltage regulator is ]equired.

Picture transmitter

Output power,measured at diDlexer outDut > 2 kW.t

TerminationsTransmitter output 50 O unbalancedAdmissible VSWR 1.1 : 'l (+ a. = 26 dB)

Class of emissionNegative-going amplitude modulation withpartial suppression of lower sideband AsC

Type of modulation Frequency modulation at intermediate frequencylntermediate frequency generation

Oscillator frequency 38.9 MHz

Carrier f requency generationCarrier frequency : (Carrier frequency + lF) - lFOscillator frequency range approx. 9.6 to 1 2.8 M Hzl\4 u lt ip lica t io n x 18Pulling range o{ carrier frequency approx. +4 kHzSetting accuracy of carrier frequency better than +50 Hz

I Uaximum deviation of carrier frequency from set value

J

after 30 min. uninterrupted operation 5 +500 Hzafter 1 month with oscillator crystal ovens switched on < +150 Hz

lnput for external exciter 1

lnput impedance 50 Olnput frequency (f. = carrier frequency) f./6Cross-talk attenuation of the input out of circuit > 80 dBReturn loss of external input > 20 dBRated input voltage 1 V.-" +10%Remote changeover internal/external Floating contact (60 V, 0.2 A)

Number of video inputs 2lnput impedance 75 OReturn loss of VF input for frequencies up to 5 M Hzwhen terminated with 75 O > 34 dBPeak-peak VF input vollage for composite color signal 0.7 to 1.3 V positiveCross-talk attenuation between the two video inputsfor frequencies up to 5 MHz > 56 dB

Level clamping, switch -selected

Keyed Clamping of blanking level withoutimpairing color sync signal

Unkeyed Sync level clamping

Level stabilityPeak voltage (sync pulse) 1O0%Peak voltage variation when changing fromblack to white picture < 0.5 dBBlanking level with standard input signal 75% +0%, -4%White level with standard input signal 10 to 12.5o/o

White level clipping (can be switched off)Attenuation of signal components above 4.5 M Hzexceeding clipping level < 0.5 dBOperate uncertainty < +1YoOperate level adjustable in the range O to 25yo

Envelope delay responseDeviation from a constant forf =0to4.5MHz <+ 40 nsf =4.8MHz <+100ns

') The reduced quality of certain transmission functions dependent on the VSWR of the load must be taken intoconsideration.

t

LinearityLinearity measure m = ratio of minimum to maximumslope of modulation characteristic between black andwhite picture measured with constant modulationfrequency across transmitter and Nyquist demodulator

Forf=0to4MHzwhen modulating signal changes from12 lo 75% with white clipper or10 lo 75o/o without white clipper > 0.9

For color subcarrier frequency 4.43 MHzwhen modulating signal changes from12 lo 87 .5o/o with white clipper or10 to 87.5% without white clipper > 0.9

Differential phase

for color subcarrier frequency 4.43 MHzwhen modulating signal changes from12 to 87.5% with white clipper or10 to 87.5% without white clipper < *3'

Amplitude/f requency responseSideband spectrum of picture transmitterincluding diplexer Fig. 1-1

Frequency response measured across transmitterincluding diplexer and Nyquist demodulatorassuming frequency response of Nyquist demodulatoras shown in fig. 1 -3 Fig.1 -2

Build-up transient(measured across transmitter and Nyquist demodulator)

Low trequenciesTilt of 50 Hz square wave when modulating signalchanges from '10 to 75% 3 +2o/o

High frequenciesBuild-up transient of a 250 kHz square wavemeasured at Nyquist demodulator when modulatingsignal changes from 55 to 75% Fig.1 '4

Spurious outputNoise

Random noise voltage level between 10 kHz and5 MHz referred to black-white step 1Q/75% > 56 dB rms rating

HumLevel of hum voltage up to 1 kHz referred toblack-white step 10/75o/o ) 43 dB peak rating

6

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lntercarrier i nterf erence ratio(measured across transmitter, diplexer andNyquist demodulator)referred to 30 kHz deviation of sound transmitterwith a modulating frequency of 500 Hz >38d8

Spurious emissionsHarmonics { 1 mWCombination signals produced by transmitter < 1 pW

Sound transmitter

Output powermeasured at diplexer output

TerminationOutputAdmissible VSWR

Class of emissionFrequency modulation

Type of modulation

Sound carrier intermediate frequency

I lF carrier frequency generationOscillator frequencyRegulating circuit with phase discriminator.Spacing between picture and sound carriersheld constant at 5.5 M Hz (standard B)

Auxiliary carrier frequency generationSame auxiliary carrier used as in picturetransmitter: Carrier frequency =(picture carrier frequency + picture lF) - sound lF

Maximum deviation of sound carrier frequency fromset value within one month (transmitter run in)

Center frequency shift with modulationup to +50 kHz deviation

Frequency deviationwith 100% TV signalmaximum deviationmaximum shift from set value within 1 month

> 0.2 kw

50 O unbalanced('l .3 : 1 (= a. ar 18 dB)

F3

lF modulation (F3)

33.4 MHz

33.4 M Hz

< 1000 Hz

none

+50 kHz+75 kHz< +5%

> 2000 O balanced to ground600 O (if desired)

-4 to +8 dBm2 x 10 dB (coarse) / 20 x0.5 dB (fine)

AF inputlnput impedance

Control range of AF inpur voltage(manual control on site) for both +30 kHzand +50 kHz deviationControl steps

AF frequency response(referred to '1,000 Hz) between 40 and 1 5,000 Hz < +0.5 dB

Distortion factor between 40 and 15,000 Hzreferred to 50 kHz deviation

Amplitude/f requency responsebetween 40 and 15,000 Hzwithout preemphasiswith preemphasis corresponding to a time constantof 50 ps

Spurious modulation(referred to 500 Hz)

I fU unweighted vottage- referred to 130 kHz deviationFM weighted voltage(through an ear filter in accordance with CCIR 1949)referred to *30 kHz deviation

level +0.5 dB

+1 dB

>50d8

>60d8

AM u nweighted voltagereferred to 1 00% AMAM synchronous voltagereferred lo 1 00% AM

Spurious emissionHarmonicsOut-of -band combination signals

Diplexer

Power ratingPicture transmitter peak powerPicture transmitter average powerSound transmitter

Frequency rangeDiplexer tuning range

Cooling

lnput impedance with output terminated up to 50 O

Picture inputVSWR in passband

Sound inputVSWR in passband

Output impedanceAdmissible load VSWR

DecouplingPicture input to sound input

at picture carrier frequency fgat sound carrier frequency fr

Picture input to absorberat picture carrier frequency fB

AttenuationSound input to antenna at sound carrier frequency f1Picture input to antenna at picture carrier frequency fs

Test points

RF test points

Measuring head

RF output voltage of couPler looPs

Output impedanceDirectivity

lF test points

lF output voltageOutput impedance

VF test points

(switched)

Output voltageOutput impedance

8

2.5 kW1.5 kW0.5 kw

17O to 23O MHz (channels5to

air

50 O unbalanced5 1.1 :1 (+ a. > 26 dB)50 O unbalanced<1.03:1(:a.>30d8)

50 O unbalanced

51 .4'. 1 (z a, > 1 5.5 dB)

>48d8

>54d8

>20d8

< 0.7 dB< 0.2 dB

I<1mW<1pw

12)

i

>25d8>40d8

at output 5 W frequency convener picture

Output of LV 1 (100 W Picture)Output of LV2 (2 kw picture)Output ol LV 3 (0.2 kW sound)2 x output of diplexer

50r)> 34 dB

Output modulatorOutput equalizer amplifier

250 mV,-" +1/-4 dB50c)

Output white clipper

oroutput VF precorrector(color composite signal)

1 V peak- peak

75c)

Sideband spectrum of picture transmitterAf [MHz] hish

Limitlow

tdBl

!0-- 1

ol t.t -81 i ldB

-12 - - -

-16F r -

4.43

< _1.25

-1.25 to-0.75_ 0.75

0.5

-0.250

+l,5+3 to +4.5

+5

+5 to + 5.5

> +S.5

-30-2Q+ 0.5

+0.5 -4+0.5 -1.0+0.5 -0.5+0.5 -0.5Ref value

+0.5 -1.0+0.5 -2.5+0.5

-20

n0

_0

It

g

i50

i?4t. ) I ' i l-:5 4.J-2 10I2 J 4 5 6

- tr [MHzl

Fig. 1-1

Overall amplitude characteristicpicture transmitter + nyquist demodulator*)

J456-- 1." iMHrl

I

-t-200 0 200 600 1000

>nsec

FrequencyMHz

LimitdB

u0ö

0to1.51.5

3

4

4.43

5

> 5.5

+1 /-1Ref value

+1 / 1.5

+1 /-2+1 / -1.5+1 / 28.5

-30/-Fis.1 -2

Amplitude characteristic of nyquist demodulator RF + ZFwith switched on sound trap

Buildu p transient of picture transmitter + nyquist demodulator withsudden changes from 55% to 75% of the peak voltage and vice versa

-1000

Fis. 1-4

t,u,MHz

A,d l./"1low high

Limit

< _1.65

-1.65-1.35,1

0.5

0+0.5

+1

+1 .4

+1.5

+1.6

+2.5

+3.5

+4.43

o20 0.8

0 0.8

0 8.5

15 25

48 52

75 85

91 .5 101 .5

95 105

Ref value

95 105

95 105

80 95

Time [ns] Limits [%]

+75+100

J.200

+ [400 to 1000]* [400 to 1 000]

-10+11

+7+5

a3 for smear

') Transm. with receiver precorrection and with sound trap

TtrEE EErciter

free space lorrpnitoairE unils

Video preequalizsr

Picture modulätor

Pictutg converter

Sound converter

Co rol pan€l

Measudngpanel

100 wpict.

200 wsound

(:!) -(J,Cuioutpanol

685

$1.l

Pictorg/Sound Combining unit Dimensions in mmlransmitter210.2 kw

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Vl. Scope of DeliveryVl. Designations, sizes and weight

Designation

V

D ime nsio ns/Weig ht DesignationBxDxH (mm)

DimensionsBxDxH (mm)

Band lll 137Ox1O72x2026TV Transmitter 2/O.2 kW ca. 1 200 kg

Cabinet 1: Cabinet 2:Picture/sound transmitter 685x1O72x2026 Combining unit

2/O.2 kWcomprising:

1 lnstrument panel'l Exciter1 VF preequalizer1 Picture modulator1 Picture converter1 Sound converter1 Control panel'1 M easuring panel1 Cutout panel

1 Power amplifier(cavity) YL 1056picture driver

1 Power supply1 3- phase transformer4 Directional couplers1 Measuring head6 Diode probes1 Blower1 Air ducting system with

filter and silencer

compnsrng:

685x120x181 1 lnstrument panel483x375"133 1 Diplexer483 x375 " 133 containing483x448x133 2 Filter cavities483x448x88 2 3-dB couplers483x448x88 1 Double directional coupler 60x650x90483x448x133 2 Diode probes

685x1Q72x2026

685x120x181525 x964 x 600

456 x 861 x218426 x12O a

Y230x70x90226 t242x 43Q

1 Termination resistorprepared for housingmonitoring equ ipment1 Picture amplifier '100 W 23O x22Q x 45O

1 Sound amplifier 200W 23Ox22Ox 450230 x230 x750

420 x 280 x860340 x225 x287

12

Y

Olfices of Siemens Aktiengesellschaft in the Federal Republic of Germany and Berlin (West)

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D-lO0O Berlin 61Schoneberger 51r.ße 2 4

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Tel 2013 lTe e! I57 437o-6000 Frankrult (Main) I

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D-3000 Hannover l

Te 199 lTe ex 922 333D 50OO Kdln I

Te 576 lTc.:8881005

D 6aOO Männheim 1

N7r8

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D'8000 Munchen 80R.ha.d Strauss Sr.aße 76

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Te 3008 l

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Tc 20 76 |

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S emens Feside.l En9 neer

RangoonlPOB 14271Te 3 25 08, Te ex 2009

Pr nce's B! d ng, 23rd i oorHonq Kong 1P O B 97)Ie. 5 22 5111. I.: et 73221

134 A. Or A.. e Besanr Foad

Bombay 400018 1P O 8.659 7 )

Te 37 99 06 Te €x 112 373

F T S emeos ndoncs a

Jäkarta 1P O B 24691Iel 51051 l.tet 46 ?? 2

Kh Takhle Dlamsh d 32

Tel 6141 Te ex 2r2 351

Samfiry Bftrs Co (W L L.)

Bäghdad 1P O B 30olTe 9 00 2r, Te ex 2 255

NrDponSeme.sKKF!rukaw. Sogo B! d,n!,6 r, Mar!.ouch 2 chome

lCentral P O Box 1144Tokyo l0O 9l)Te.2140211, Te ex 22 808

Engineering Co LtdC P.O. Bor 3001

Te 2415 5a Tel.! 2329

Abdu Azrz N4 T Alghanlnr Co.

Kuwail, Arabia 1PO I 3204)Te 42 33 36, Telet 2131

Ers FA KettanehSA

Beyrolth(POB 1r0242)Te 221180 Tc er 20614

G!lh. e EnO (M:lays a)Sdn BhdLl.cl. cäl I CommL.rcatro.s

l7 J:laf Semäng!rPetaling Jaya/SelanqortPOB 301t.) 17 3344 lel.t 37 513

E.gr.eer.g Co Lld

Abdu oh F.roon FoadKarachilP O B 7158. Karach,3lTe 516061, Telex 820

Eng neer ng E.l!,pnre.l, .ctvlachinery D vrsron,S emens Dep.rlmenlPO B 7160A rm.r EtchnngeOlrceManila lnte i.t onal A rporrTe B540rr 19, Teex ECC 3695

Jeddäh1POA 1049)Iel 2 22 22,Ie ex 4013O

Cuth e E.gineer ng (Sr.garore)

6 Commlr cal ons D vis on

lPOB 495,S,,gaporel)Tel 6625 55, Teer 2168l

Erpod A Drslr b!tonCo,SAS SIEDCO

Damas 1P.O.B 363)Te I34 31,33

Delta Engrneer ng L1d42 Hsu Cha.g Street,

TaipeilPOB 58497)Ie 3 6l 02 55, Telex 21a26

a Grimrn&Co FOPr64314, Petchbur Fo.d

Banqkok 10 (P O B 66)Tel 52 40 81, Te ex 2614

6 E.9 .eer ng Co LtdSana'a (P O B 49)I. 2462. Ie et 211

Australia

S emens lndustries Ltd544 Ch!r.h Street Ri.hm.ndMelbourne, Viclo.. 3121Te 429 7111, telet 30425

Siemens L aison Olf ce

Wellinqton 1 lP O Box 4145,G P O. Welli.glon)Te.46365 Te ex 31233

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SIEMENS

Besrc I Nr. B 1485 101Pr frcd n !!cst Gern)a.y

SIEMENS AKTIEN GESE LLSCHAFI