TUV-ADDSTactical Up-armored Vehicle –

Automatic Distress Detection System

GROUP 5Julien Mansier – Eric Nachtigal – Jason Skopek – Alyssa Almanza

CDR for:

TUV-ADDS OVERVIEW• TUV-ADDS is a system that is intended to be

able to detect if a vehicle has been in a specific distress event resulting in the need for assistance.

• similar to civilian system OnStar©

• Recognition of certain characteristics of a distress-causing event.

• automatically communicate that there is a vehicle in need and the position of the vehicle.

• relative to up-armored, but not heavy armored, wheeled tactical vehicles

• two specific distress instances: rollover and significant Improvised Explosive Device (IED) hits

U.S. Marines MRAP; example of an up-armored wheeled tactical vehicle(Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo)

MOTIVATION• General Interest

• Interest in pursuing a defense related project

• Assistance to the men and women in uniform, who deal with these real life situations on a daily basis

• Many of the teammates having ties by either

family members or close friends that are in the military U.S. Marines LVSR

(Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo)

GOVERNMENT RELEVENCE• TUV-ADDS is not intended to be a military grade system.

• No access to genuine Government equipment nor the budget to create a system that would meet military grade standards.

• Geared our project towards prototyping a solution for the Department of Defense.

• Research of military vehicles and the difficulties that the military has with some of their vehicles was performed.

• Great measures taken to make TUV-ADDS a system that military personnel could relate to.

SPECIFICATIONS• GPS accuracy 2-5 meters• Wireless range of 1Km minimum• Ability to store at least 30 minutes of relevant

sensor data• Sensor sample rate of 1 ksps• MCU operational frequency 8MHz minimum• Sensor G-Shock rating above 40 g’s• Communications BUS speed above 50 Kbps

IDENTIFYING IED HITS:• The system will sense and monitor certain characteristics using a network

of sensors to identify an IED hit.

• These characteristics include:– Change in position displacement– Change in ambient light (flash)– Change in ambient temperature (heat)

• These system will collect the data, which the system will analyze and conclude whether the information combined is an indication of a distressed vehicle.

• Important for TUV-ADDS to identify these situations accurately.

IDENTIFYING ROLLOVER• For rollover indication, a gyroscope will be used to sense if the vehicle is

overturned for a prolonged period of time.

• These sensors will collect the data, which then the system will analyze and conclude whether the information combined is an indication of a distressed vehicle.

U.S. Marines MRAP; example of vehicle rollover(Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo)

U.S. Marines LVSR; example of a vehicle rollover(Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo)

HARDWARE BLOCK/ WORK BREAKDOWN DIAGRAM

SENSOR OVERVIEW

ACCELEROMETER

Parameter BMA220

Axes 3

Scalable sensitivity ±2 to ±16g’s

Output Digital: SPI or I2C

Low power 250µA * 1.8v =0.45mW

Cost $3.09/Sensor

TEMPERATURE IC

Parameter TMP100

High speed operation

3.4MHz

Output Digital: I2C

Scalable Sensitivity

Resolution vs. Time

Cost $0.00 (Sampled)

PHOTODIODE

Parameter TSL14S-LF

Wave length 320nm to 1050nm

Output Analog, Irradiance to Voltage

Output pulse 2.6µs (10% to 90%)Rise

Cost $1.26/Sensor

SENSOR PCBParameter Sensor Module

Size 1.2 X 1.3 Inches

Sensors: Accel., Temp, Light

Connector Inverted D-sub

SENSOR MCU

• Power and monitor the sensors • Communicate with the Main

Processor• Detect characteristics of an event• Store data from suspected events• Forward suspected events data to

main processor

MICROCONTROLLER REQUIREMENTS

• 1 External interrupt• 1 ADC• Large open source community• Supports CAN bus• SPI, I2C

MICROCONTROLLER• Atmel Atmega328P controlled via

Arduino bootloader• 16 MHz clock speed • SPI and I2C USART capability• 15 Ksps 10bit ADC• 32 Kbytes flash memory• 1.8-5.5V operating range• 28 pin P-dip package • 2 External Interrupts• 8 bit RISC architecture

CAN COMMUNICATIONS• Controller Area Network • Message based protocol • High noise immunity• Defines most of the transmission and physical layer• MilCAN is one example of the application layer• Basic message format is called a frame

MCP2515• SPI based CAN controller • 16Mhz• Operates at 5V• 18pin PDIP package• Software library available for

Atmega328 compatibility• Handles message faults without

Atmega intervention• Requires MCP2551 CAN transceiver

to meet physical layer CAN requirements

STORAGE

• MicroSD Card• 1 GB storage• SPI communications• FAT16 File-system• 64 bit storage variable• 1GB/64bits = 134,217,728 Measurements

SCHEMATIC

SOFTWARE

POWER SYSYTEM

POWER• Vehicle contains 6v, 12Ah battery• All power for the TUV-ADDS

system will be drawn from this source

• LM2940CS-5 used for 5v regulation

• LM1117T-1.8 used for 1.8v regulation

• LM1117T-3.3 used for 3.3v regulation

POWER SYSYTEMS

• 4.8-5.2v output• 1A max current• 0.7v max dropout

• v output• A max current• v max dropout

HARDWARE BLOCK/ WORK BREAKDOWN DIAGRAM

MAIN CONTROL UNITSpecifications TI Sellaris ARM Atmel ATmega

Frequency 50 – 80 MHz 16 MHz

Flash Memory 256 Kbytes 256 Kbytes

Interrupts 28 – 48 8

USART Ports 2 4

CAN Ports 3 0

I/O Pins 46 54

Voltage Supply 3.3V 5.5V

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Parameter Xbee – PRO

Indoor Range 300 feet

Outdoor Range 1 mile

Transmit Power 63 mW

Serial Baud 1200bps – 250 Kbps

Supply Voltage 2.8 – 3.4 V

GPSParameter Falcom FSA03

Channels 50

Accuracy ~ 1.5 – 2.5 m

Cold Start 29 sec

Hot Start < 1 sec

CPU ARM7 with 384 Kb ROM

Supply Voltage 3.3 – 5 V

GYROSCOPE

Parameter ITG-3200

Axes 3

Signal Filtering Built in LPF

Stand-by Current 5µA

Communication Fast Mode I2C (400KHz)

Shock Tolerance 10,000g

Features Built in Temp Sensor

Supply Voltage 2.1 – 3.6V

SOFTWARE BLOCK DIAGRAM

MAIN CONTROL SOFTWARE FLOW

TESTING• Three levels of testing for functionality:

• Component level• Module level• System level

• Software module tested differently than hardware modules

• Test to ensure no false alarms

• Detailed Test Event Plan

• Hummer Power Wheels vehicle was chosen for the most accuracy in testing that is plausible for the team

• Wii Nunchuck breakout adapter will be installed to drive the Power Wheels

• Create distress characteristics on the vehicle to test the system functionality

• Correct functionality will be a result of a combination of characteristics that will indicate a distressed vehicle

PROGRESS TO DATE

MILESTONE CHART

BUDGETBudget Low High Average Low Part High Part

Vehicle 30 350 180 Metal Frame Powerwheels

Power Control Systems 10 25 15 SparkFun Jameco

CPU 17 50 25 Atmel ATMega TI Stellaris

Sensor MCU 4 6 5

Atmel ATMega 328P-PU

Atmel ATMega

Photodiode 1.26 3.08 2 TAOS TSL145

TAOS TSL145

Accelerometer 3.09 53.16 9

Bosch Sensortec BMA220

ADIS16240ABCZ

Temperature Sensor 0 3.5 3.5

TMP03FSZ Analog Devices

TMP03FSZ Analog Devices

GPS 50 90 55

Venus w/ SMA connect

GS407 Helical

Window Motor 8 70 10

Ford 150 Window Motor

BMW 325XI Right window Motor

Engine Switch 0.99 17 3

Panasonic Corp Tyco

Main Communication (one end) 60 70 65 XBee XBee Pro

Gyroscope 7.53 25 17 L3G4200DTR

Atmel ATMega 328P-PU

PCB Fabrication 112 340 150

ExpressPCB - Student Program ExpressPCB

33% Misc. Expenses 100.2771 363.9042 178.035

Total 404.1471 1466.6442 717.535

• Currently under budget

• Team funded, no sponsors

• Total spent to date: $276

CURRENT EXPENDITURESITEM (quantity) PRICE

Power Wheels $50 Xbee Pro (2) $75 Temp Sensors (10) FREEAccelerometers (6) $19 Photodiodes (8) $10 FTDI Cable $20 Relays (3) $6 Atmel328 (3) $13 16MHz Crystals (8) $8 Flash Memory $10 GPS $45 CAN Module FREE Sensor PCB Fabrication ($20) TOTAL: $276

PROBLEMS

• Surface mounting the smallest components

• Communications issues between modules

• Filtering False Alarms

QUESTIONS?

U.S. Marines MRAP with mine roller(Permission from Sgt. Irizarry, Eduardo)