Turning points of world war 2
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Transcript of Turning points of world war 2
TURNING POINTS OF
WORLD WAR 2The events that led to the end
Canadian History
THE TIDES TURNThe Italian situation In 1942 the war strength began to turn in
favour of the allies British and American troops began to push
back successfully against the German and Italian armies in North Africa Marshall Rommel, aka the “Desert Fox” led these axis
forces The Russians fought against the Germans
in the Battle of Stalingrad– the winter was too harsh for the Germans In February 1943, the once proud German Battalion
(6th Army) surrendered The Russians took 90 000 prisoners and now the
Soviet’s who were betrayed by Germany sought revenge
Together, these two armies, strong and determined, turned their efforts to Berlin
THE UNITED STATES ADVANCES•The US recovered quickly after Pearl Harbour and set their sights on Japan
•They defeated the Japanese Navy at Midway Island
•China was also trying to fight off the Japanese with their army•British and Commonwealth (New Zealand etc) were approaching from the south
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THE ITALIAN DEFEAT Canadian soldiers hadn’t
been involved in any large attacks since Dieppe
Under the leadership of General Montgomery “the battle of Sicily” began
This battle was fought over 38 days (July)
Mussolini’s dream of an Italian empire was crumbling as he realized the allied forces were coming for mainland Italy
His own people rebelled against him and threw him out of power in 1943
Hitler moves his troops into Italy to defend it— Not to help Mussolini but to defend
an open bridge to Germany
Sicily
THE LIBERATION OF ITALY91000 Canadians fought in Italy, it was a long and hard battle– more than 30 000 were wounded or killed. The Germans did try hard too with snipers hiding in the mountains.
Along the way, the Italians who supported to allied forces helped them along the way
In the Battle of Ortona, 1375 Canadians died The Germans went door to door
fighting in this town It took a month to capture this town–
Canadians were very good at street fighting They developed “the mouse holing technique”
They used explosives to blast a hole in the attic through houses that were connected to gain access to houses in a row
They would clear the house and then move to the next
D –DAY •Is the name given to the long awaited Invasion of France• Canadians, Americans, New Zealanders, Indian,
South African, French and Polish armies marched towards France after conquering Italy
D-DAY CONTINUED…
D-day was code named Operation Overlord Everything was set and in place the only concern was the
weather– high winds meant that the ships couldn’t dock June 6th became the final date for D-day (a day after it was
planned) Germans were set up in a port town in France called Calais– they
used the natural coast line to guard the take back of France The Allied forces set up a MOCK/FAKE camp to trick the Germans
into thinking that they were setting up camp in another place They set up fake tents, inflatable tanks and dummy ships etc
THE BATTLE OF NORMANDY- D-DAY The Allied forces having tricked the Germans
that they were located elsewhere, they attacked on the beaches of Normandy Bombers pounded the German base They learnt from Dieppe and knew they couldn’t
invade from the port== they had to be dropped behind them
NORMANDY CONNECTION TODAY
D-DAY PLAN STRATEGY The allied planned 5 points of invasion
Utah and Omaha for the Americans Gold and Sword for the British Juno for the Canadians
For Canadians, it was a long day of battle– 340 were killed, 574 wounded– 13 000 in total Canadians wounded in the battles to follow
Canadians advanced the farthest inland
JUNO BEACH
There were a few complications with Juno, the ground troops really succeeded in this storm.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6QvsHkIRgg
The documentary is rated PG-13– there is a “bad” word said
KEY MOMENTS The A-Bomb (Atomic bomb) or Mushroom
Cloud in Hiroshima On August 6th 1945 an American bomber
dropped the first Atomic bomb in history The bomb was dropped by an American
plane and drifted to ground Your body melted from the heat of the
blast 173 000 people died and hundreds were
poisoned from the remnants The Americans demanded the Japanese
surrender--- they did not Another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki
They finally surrendered on August 15th 1945 Known as V-J day Video :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gwkyPvlWPM0
KEY MOMENTS Berlin
11 months before D-day, Soviet troops now fighting against Germany met in Berlin and fought in Central Germany
Canadians were given the duty of capturing and clearing ports along the way to Berlin to allow allied ships to dock
On Sept. 8th 1944 Canadian forces entered Dieppe again on foot and were victors!
Holland 1945 saw the freeing of
Holland by the Canadian troops
Canadians stormed German troops in the Dutch land and were received by locals with much appreciation and warmth
THE END OF DICTATORSHIPS
On April 25 1945 Mussolini was captured and shot by his own people
They strung his body by a hook and displayed it in a major city (Milan)
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THEN…. In an underground bunker, Hitler listens to the advancing troops (Soviets) in Berlin (April 28th )
He shot himself with a revolver and ordered his body burned, so he could not be publicly displayed or humiliated
On May 8th 1945- Germany surrendered
This was known as V-E Day Victory in Europe Day
THE RESULT OF ALL OF THIS?
Exhausted countries, anger, bitterness, confusionThe Atomic bomb opened a whole new RACE to armsThe league of Nations were now replaced by the United Nations
Could peace be kept?
Is there a New World Order? Power?