TURKEY’S FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS MIDDLE EAST
Transcript of TURKEY’S FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS MIDDLE EAST
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PREPARED BY:IRAM MUSTAHSAN
MPHIL INTERNATIONALRELATIONS
SESSION 2010-12
KINNAIRD COLLEGEFOR WOMEN
TURKEYS FOREIGN POLICY
TOWARDS MIDDLE EAST(Post 1990 Era)
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INTRODUCTION
Emergence of Turkey in 1922
Mustafa Kemal_____First president of Turkey
Six Principles were being introduced
Republicanism, Secularism, Nationalism, Populism,Revolutionism, Etatism
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FIRST PHASE
(1923-1940)
Turkey.a Republic State
Peaceful and Friendly Foreign Policy
In 1926, Ankara accepted the integration of Mosul
into Iraq Treaty of Friendship with Greece and Balkan in 1930
and 1934 respectively
Agreements with Iran
Saadabad Treaty of 1937
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SECOND PHASE(1940-1961)
Kemal Attaturk Death in 1940
Ismet InonuKemals immediate successor becamethe President
World War Two and Turkeys Neutral Policy Internal Westernization of Turkey lead towards open
elections in 1950
Democratic Party won and they also continued thesame policy
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SECOND PHASE Continued
Turkey also began to involve in Middle East
Various pacts were made to combat communism
The elected government also intimidate anti-
western regimes in Middle East In 1960, through a military coup the government was
demolished
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THIRD PHASE1961-1979
New government of Ismet Inonu
Rapprochement with the Arab World
This phase go through mistrust against West
Political events like Jupiter Missile Crisis and CyprusCrisis aggravated the situation
Thus, attempt to normalize relations with the Arabworld was partly a response of thesedisaappointments
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FOURTH PHASE(1980-2002)
The fourth phase started after the military coup in1980
The most important development during this phase
was the end of Cold War After the end of Cold War, Turkeys foreign policy
based on security concerns
Another important development was the decision of
EU to accept Turkey as a candidate country in 1999
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FOURTH PHASE(CONTINUED)
Reformulation in Turkeys Foreign Policy
Real change was seen after the emergence of Justiceand Development Party in 2002
Foreign Minister Ahmet Davotoglu introduced theStrategic Depth doctrine
Zero Problems with Neighbors
Five Pillars of new Foreign Policy Doctrine
Turkey as a regional player
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RATIONALE
Importance of Turkey
Different views regarding Turkeys Role
Where is Turkey Going?
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SIGNIFICANCE
Knowledge about the emerging trends in TurkeysForeign Policy
Emerging Economic Power
Further Dimensions of Research
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OBJECTIVES
To compare its contemporary policy with the Past
To analyze its success in pursuing strategic depth
doctrine
To evaluate possible implications
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RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Which Foreign policy tools are being used by Turkeyto pursue a successful foreign policy with itsneighbors?
What aims Turkey wants to achieve through itscontemporary foreign policy?
How far is Turkey successful in the Middle East?
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Larrabee, F. Stephen and Ian O. Lesser in thebook Turkish Foreign Policy in an Age ofUncertainty described various reasons of Turkeysinvolvement in the Middle East region
Oleg Svet in his article Turkeys Zero ProblemForeign Policy: An Untenable Balancing Actdiscusses the shift in current turkeys foreign policy
Yaprak Gursoyin his article Democratization and
Foreign Policy Reforms in Turkey: Europeanizationof Turkish Politics? Intends to explore the newdirection of turkey in international politics.
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REFERENCES
1. Akgun, Mensur, Senyusel, Sabiha, & Percinoglu, Gockce. (2010). The perception of
turkey in the middle east. Ankara: TESEV Publishers.
2. Kirisci, Kemal. (2011). Turkey's "demonstrative effect" and the transformation of the
Middle East.Insight Turkey, 13(2), 33-55.
3. Lesser, Ian O., & Larrabee, Stephen F. (2003). Turkish foreign policy in an age of
uncertainty. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation.
4. Muftuler, Meltem, & Gursoy, Yaprak. (2010). Is there a Europeanization of Turkish
foreign policy?. Turkish Studies, 11(3), 405-427.
5. Nas, Cidgem. (2010). Changing dynamics of Turkish foreign policy and the
european union. Turkish Policy Quarterly, 9(4), 117-131.
6. Onis, Ziya. (2011). Multiple faces of the new Turkish foreign policy: underlying
dynamics and a critique.Insight Turkey, 13(1), 47-65.
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REFERENCES
7. Ozturk, Asiye. (2008). Turkey~Europes bridge to the Middle East. Israel Journal of
Foreign Affairs, 2(2), 73-77.
8. Perthes, Volker. (2010). Turkey's role in the Middle East: an outsider's perspective.
Insight Turkey, 12(4), 1-8
9. Shireen, Tahmasseb. (2011). Turkey's new activist foreign policy: challenges and
oppertunities for iran. Just Peace Diplomacy Journal, (3), Retrieved from http://peace-
ipsc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/IPSC-No-3-English-Side-2.pdf
10. Taspinar, Omer. (2008). Turkey's Middle East policies between neo ottomanism
and kemalism. Washington, D.C.: Carneige Endowment for International Peace
Publications Department.11.Yaprak, Gursoy. (2010). Democratization and foreign policy reforms in Turkey:
Europeanization of Turkish politics?.International Journal of Legal Information, 38(2),
Retrieved from http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ijli/vol38/iss2/14/
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