Turkey - Overview and Publication Statistics
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Transcript of Turkey - Overview and Publication Statistics
REPUBLIC OF TURKEYOften Grouped with:
Middle EastWestern Europe
Southeastern EuropeSouthwestern Asia
Mustafa Kemal, "Atatürk" - Father of the Turks:
"Peace at Home, Peace in the World.”
REPULIC OF TURKEY Ottoman Empire from 1218-1922
Duration: 640 years
Istanbul, Turkey, where two continents meet.
BRIEF HISTORYTURKEY Is a new country in an old land.
• Hittite, Thracian, Hellenistic, and Byzantine civilizations
• Anatolia, the most productive part of the massive Byzantine Empire with its capital in Constantinople.
• The Ottoman Empire dynasty from 1218-1922 endured for six centuries through the reigns of thirty-six sultans.
• Aftermath of World War I, prompted the establishment of the Turkish national movement.
• Turkish War of Independence was waged, under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal, a military commander
• “Republic of Turkey" was born on October 29, 1923, with the new capital of Ankara.
• Mustafa Kemal - first President of Turkey, introduced many radical reforms with the aim of founding a new secular republic from the remnants of its Ottoman past.
http://www.geographic.org/
Atatürk and his associates regarded both religious rules and traditional cultural practices as hindrances to the creation a modern society.
Ideal society for Turkey was the pattern of personal and family relations that prevailed among the educated upper classes of Europe during the 1920s and 1930s.
Policies designed to remold Turkish society according to an urban European model.
Six Arrows" of Kemal Ataturk: • Republicanism,• Nationalism• Populism• Reformism• Statism and• Secularism.
THE NEW REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
Main CitiesIstanbul is Turkey’s largest city (approx. 12 million) and the country’s undisputed cultural and financial center
Ankara is Turkey’s capital and second-largest city (pop. 4.5 million), Ankara is the seat of government and diplomacy and is also a university town with a large student population.
Edirne is one of the oldest settlements in Turkey, dating back to the Neolithic age 7.000-6.000 B.C. and was also the second largest city of the Ottoman Empire. Hence, its rich cultural heritageIzmir, a city on the Aegean coast is Turkey’s third-largest city and second most important port.
• The Church of the Divine Wisdom (Hagia Sophia in Greek) in Istanbul is one of the most impressive and important buildings ever constructed. • Events of all kinds have taken their toll on the building over the centuries, although the surviving main structure is essentially that which was built between 532 and 537.
Source http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/haso/hd_haso.htm
The Sultan Ahmed Mosque is a historical mosque in Istanbul, the largest city in Turkey and the capital of the Ottoman Empire (from 1453 to 1923). The mosque is popularly known as the Blue Mosque for the blue tiles adorning the walls of its interior.
Gross Domestic Product
Labor Force Growth
Notice the countries with which Turkey is compared in the charts below. They are marketing their laborForce so chose to identify with the EU and its EasternEurope neighbors rather than the Middle East.
http://www.turkey-now.org/db/Docs/Invest%20In%20Turkey/11-LaborForceinTurkey.pdf
Member Level of Health
Overall Health System
Performance
Ranking in Health Expenditure Capital
in International Dollars
SAUDI ARABIA
10 26 61
ISRAEL
40 28 19
TURKEY
33 70 82
EGYPT
43 63 115
IRAN
58 93 94
IRAQ
75 103 117
Health Performance Rank By CountryProvided by World Health Organization
191 Countries reporting
From the World Health Organization, provided by
http://www.photius.com/rankings.
Radios 11,300,000
Televisions 20,900,000
Telephones:18,978,000
Mobile Phones, 113,000,000 as of 2/2011
COMMUNICATION
Radios
Televisions
Telephones:
Mobile Phones
http://www.phrasebase.com/countries/turkey/
Reference to Chart above:
Computer Industry Almanac Inc.= Comp. Ind. Almanac
International Telecommunication Union= ITU
Computer Industry Almanac Inc. http://www.c-i-a.com
WOMEN IN TURKEY
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Women Leaders and Gender Parity The Global Gender Gap Report 2010
www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GenderGap_Report_2010.pdf
• Mean age of marriage for women (years)....................................................23• Fertility rate (births per woman) ...............................................................2.10• Overall population sex ratio (male/female)...............................................1.01
• Year women received right to vote ..........................................................1930
Note: Blue bars indicate female values and white bars indicate male values.
WOMEN OF TURKEY
Data from : Women Leaders and Gender Parity – The Global Gender Gap Report 2010 http://www.weforum.org/women-leaders-and-gender-parity
Total of 134 countries reporting
WOMEN OF TURKEY
Foreign Economic Relations Board of Turkey (DEİK)TURKSTAT
http://www.turkey-now.org/
Illiterate Workers
Tertiary Education
Below High school Workers
60/100
10/100
15/100
High/Voc. Tech School
15/100
EDUCATION LEVEL OF WORKING WOMEN
Profession Women Members of Parliament 4%
Civil Service 33%
Academia 36%
Law 19.7%
Medicine 33.8%
School Principals 4%
UNICEF Worldwidehttp://www.unicef.org/turkey/gr/ge21c.html
WOMEN in PROFESSION
1. Urbanization &2. Decline in agricultural employment
are the two main factors that have contributed to decrease the share of women having or seeking jobs in Turkey
EDUCATION
It has the largest budget of any ministry with an allocation of over 22% of the national budget
Education : Compulsory for 8 years (recently decreed)
Ankara, TurkeyEstablished on April 15, 1946.
Universal Decimal ClassificationUDC – subject= 027.7(73):024.68
The European Library for access to Click
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National Library of Turkey
Press Release10 July 2009, Friday
The National Library of Turkey has joined The European Library,
a Web service that offers access to the resources of 47 national libraries across Europe.
• TheEuropeanLibrary.org portal, was launched March 2005, and Turkey joined in 2009.
• Turkish researchers now are able to study resources in European national libraries through a Turkish interface and
European peers will be able to access Turkish sources directly.
• Available in 28 languages, offering access to a wide variety of resources housed in 47 national libraries in all EU
member states and candidate states alike.
• The European national libraries participating in this endeavor are all members of the Conference of European
National Librarians (CENL), a foundation aiming at increasing and reinforcing the role of national libraries in
Europe.
The European Library for access to Click
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Hosted by the Koninklijke Bibliotheek, National Library of the Netherlands, The Hague
http://search.theeuropeanlibrary.org/portal/tr/index.html
THE EUROPEAN LIBRARY
understanding of the richness and diversity of European learning and culture. Mission of The European Library: The European Library exists to open up the universe of knowledge, information and cultures of all Europe's national libraries
The National Library of Turkey is one of the most recent National libraries in the world. The work of the National Library of Turkey was started in April, 1946 and they started serving its users in this new building on August 5, 1983.
LIBRARY AFFILIATIONS http://www.kutuphaneci.org.tr
Turkish Librarians’ Association
• June 3, 1961, the main charter for this professional organization for Turkish Librarians
• IFLA (The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions)
• CDNL (The Conference of Directors of National Libraries)
• CENL (The Conference of European National Librarians)
• LIBER (The Association of European Research Libraries)
Bibliographic sources for Librarians is LISA (Library and Information Science Abstracts).
/
Library Week in Turkey
For the past 47 years, the last week in March has been celebrated as Library Week in Turkey with the goal of developing the love of reading and emphasizing the importance of books to students and the awareness of libraries for the general public.
PROFESSIONAL PUBLICATIONS
A Biography of Atatürk (*)
• Mustafa Kemal's Childhood and Education
• Mustafa Kemal as an Army Commander
• The War of Independence
• The Views of Atatürk
• The Reforms of Atatürk
• Atatürk's Principles
• İstiklal Marşı
On this site there is an ATATURK’S SPECIAL http://www.mkutup.gov.tr/menu/84
Atatürk's Death Atatürk's Address to Turkish Youth
Atatürk's Speech on The Occasion of The Tenth Anniversary of The Republic
Some Statements of Atatürk
Events in Atatürk's Life in Chronological Order
(*) A Biography of Atatürk ; The founder and the first president ofThe Republic of Turkey : His reforms and principles.Trans. by Mustafa Zeki Cingoz ; Georgina Özer Istanbul : İnkılap Kitabevi, 1988.
"BIBLIOGRAPHIC BASIS FOR “ATATÜRK INVESTIGATIONS” ÖZER SOYSAL"Selected Atatürk photographs from The National Library`s archiveBibliographic citations in english related with Atatürk in The National Library's collectionLinks to various Atatürk pages on InternetE-Mail [email protected]
TURKISH UNIVERSITIES• 100 public universities • about 50 private, non-profit universities,
which are referred to as foundation universities
• an additional 20 or so higher education institutions are vocational in nature or are military or police schools.
• Turkish universities do not typically rank within the top 100 in the world
• A number of schools rank in the top 500 including Istanbul University, Middle East Technical University and Bilkent University.
• Turkish technology and engineering schools are often considered to provide an equivalent education to schools in the US.
1453 – Istanbul University was founded and is the oldest university in Turkey
1773 – establishment of Istanbul Technical University to provide engineering education in the Western sense
1923 - establishment of Ankara University 1773
ISTANBUL UNIVERSITYEstablished in 1773
during the time of the Ottoman Empire
SIR WORLD REPORT 2010 Physical Sciences
2277 Research Institutes reporting
SCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus®
World Rank Region Rank Rank in Country Institution City Output IC%
375 120 1Istanbul Technical
University Istanbul, Tr 3,325 26.26
396 133 2Middle East Technical
University Ankara, Tr 3,191 26.48
590 214 3 Gazi University Ankara, Tr 2,006 10.62
693 244 4 Hacettepe University Ankara, Tr 1,705 22.99
779 268 5 Ankara University Ankara, Tr 1,490 22.75
World Rank
Region Rank
Country Rank Institution City in Turkey Output IC%
104 30 1 Istanbul University Istanbul,Tr 4,527 11.69
122 39 2 Hacettepe University Ankara,Tr 4,216 13.69
287 115 4 Baskent University Ankara,Tr 2,374 3.33
313 126 5 Ege University Ankara,Tr 2,215 33.23
317 128 6 Gazi University Ankara,Tr 2,181 6.10
SIR WORLD REPORT 2010 Health Sciences
1,875 Institutes and University Reporting
SCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus®
The Hacettepe University has two main
campuses. The first is located in the old town
of Ankara and hosts the Medical Centre, and
the second is the Beytepe Campus, which is
13 km from the city center.
Bilkent University enrolls 10840 students in faculties and schools on campus in Ankara, Turkey
TURKEY UNIVERSITIES
FOUNDATIONS
Professor İhsan Doğramacı FOUNDATION(April 3, 1915 – February 25, 2010)
• Born in Erbil, Iraq, then Ottoman Empire, Turkish academic of Iraqi Turkmen descent
• A pediatric physician and an international leader of development
• Fluent in Turkish, English, French, German, Arabic ,Persian and authored over 100 scientific articles, three books, six book chapters, served as the editor of four medical journals
• Founder of Bilkent University, a leading private university, in Ankara, Turkey with the fundamental aim of creating a center of excellence in higher education and medical research.
• In 1946, he was a Co-ratifier of World Health Organization (WHO's) constitution; First President and the Chairman of its Board of Trustees in WHO (World Health Organization) since 1985.
• Founder of the Children's Hospital in Ankara, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, the first College of Nursing and several other universities in Turkey where he also served as the Rector and Chancellor
• Started schools and educational facilities across the Middle East Region, especially in his home country of Israel.
• The Women’s Library and Information Centre Foundationwas founded April 14,1990 in order to ‘understand the presence of women in history, offer proper information to women researchers and preserve today’s written documents for future generations’. The Foundation resides in a
historical building in Fener, Istanbul which was provided by the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality.
• Community Volunteers Foundation
• Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture and Tourism
• Deutsche Bank A.Ş.
• Finansinvest
• Fortis Bank A.Ş.
• Horizon Investment SA
• Western Union Foundation
http://media.library.ku.edu.tr/KITAP/5-Ana%20metin.pdf
OTHER FOUNDATIONS OF TURKEY
Subject Area of Publication
1996 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Medicine 2,344 8,524 8,871 8,847 9,365 10,093
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 490 1,532 1.998 2.026 2,252 2,773
Engineering 530 1,375 1,647 2.099 2,076 2,375
Biochemistry, Genetics, Molecular Biology 470 1.806 1,948 2,086 1,938 2,222
Chemistry 349 1.143 1,243 1,497 1,577 1,690
Multidisciplinary 3 39 127 121 141 224
Nursing 3 52 109 145 169 179
Arts and Humanities 9 42 50 71 128 173
Health Professions 45 159 155 171 173 172
SUBJECT AREAS OF PUBLICATION
Six of 27 subject areas are shownwith output by Medicine being the greatest.
The four lowest ranking subject areas are listed in red.
SJR Country search/subjectScimago Lab , Copyright 2007-2011.
Data Source: Scopus®
AUTHOR SEARCHThe Search performed below is limited by Author in order to find who authored the most
during 2009.
Available from: Web of Science/Country Search / Select Region > Western Europe > Turkey
Available from SCImago Research Group
Year Documents% International Collaboration
% Region % World
1996 5,580 18.96 1.66 0.49
2005 19,018 19.23 3.93 1.09
2006 21,239 18.56 4.15 1.16
2007 23,029 18.70 4.36 1.2
2008 23,888 18.96 4.35 1.21
2009 27,318 18.36 4.69 1.34
Total 1996-2009
H Index 158 Documents 199.676 Citable Documents 190.023 Citations 1.110.749 Self Citations 317.389 Citations per Document 5.56
OUTPUT FROM TURKEY
2005-2009 with 1996 as comparison
SJR: SCImago Journal & Country Rank /Country Search /Western Europe/Turkey http://www.scimagojr.com/countrysearch.php?country=TR
World Rank Region Rank Country Rank Institution Country Output IC%
104 30 1 Istanbul University Turkey 4,527 11.69
122 39 2 Hacettepe University Ankara, Turkey 4,216 13.69
287 115 3 Baskent University Ankara, Turkey 2,374 3.33
313 126 4 Ege University Ankara, Turkey 2,215 33.23
317 128 5 Gazi University Ankara, Turkey 2,181 6.10
SIR World Report 2010 Health Sciences
1,875 Institutes and University locations reporting
Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus® http://www.scimagolab.com :: http://www.scimagoir.com
IC::International Collaboration This value shows the institution's output ratio that has been produced in collaboration with foreign institutions. The values are computed by analyzing the institution's output whose affiliation includes more than one country.
O::OutputAn institution's publication output reveals its scientific outcomes in terms of published documents in scholarly journals.
World RankRegion
Rank Rank in Country Institution City Output IC%
375 120 1 Istanbul Technical University Istanbul, Tr 3,325 26.26
396 133 2 ME Technical University Ankara, Tr 3,191 26.48
590 214 3 Gazi University Ankara, Tr 2,006 10.62
693 244 4 Hacettepe University Ankara, Tr 1,705 22.99
779 268 5 Ankara University Ankara, Tr 1,490 22.75
SIR World Report 2010 Physical Sciences
2277 Research Institutes reporting
SCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus® http://www.scimagolab.com :: http://www.scimagoir.com
Hirsch Index RankingsSCImago Research Group, Copyright 2010. Data Source: Scopus®
http://www.scimagolab.com :: http://www.scimagoir.com
Rank Year Documents Citable documents Citations Self-Citations Citations per Document H index
37 / 225 2009 27,318 25,818 23,114 7,724 0.85 158
37 / 218 2008 23,888 22,658 52,423 15,317 2.19 158
37 / 223 2007 23,029 21,953 86,257 23,940 3.75 158
37 / 219 2006 21,239 20,155 100,320 28,017 4.72 158
37 / 215 2005 19,018 18,117 113,480 31,234 5.97 158
37 / 207 1996 5,580 5,398 46,468 14,031 8.33 158
This table was ranked by H index which remained flat at 158 from 1996 until present. The Number of documents increased dramatically in the last 5 years - from 19,018 to 27,318 but the citations per document reduced significantly from 5.97 per document in 2005 to .85 in 2009. In fact, looking back to 1996, the citations per document was at 8.33 which seems to indicate that the productivity has increased but the influence of the work has declined.
Funding agencies There are various funding organizations in Turkey such as:
• The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) (see next slides)
• TÜBİTA ULAKBIM -Founded as a service unit of TUBITAK in 1996 to develop and operate the computer network; (see next slides)
• Turkey Prime Ministry: State Planning Organization (DPT)-governmental agencies with
• Academic Research Funding Programs Directorate (ARDEB) ARDEB has eight different research grant committees for applicants that reside in Turkey.
• Technology Development Foundation of Turkey (TTGV)-the first and only Public-Private Sector Partnership established, in 1991, to support R&D and innovation.
• Tüba (The Turkish Academy of Sciences)-aims are to establish the criteria of scientificexcellence in Turkey, to encourage and foster scientific endeavors, to ensure that scientific principles
be applied in all spheres and to create an environment of debate so that basic social strategies may be defined in the light of scientific and technological data. (see next slides)
Turkey Prime Ministry: State Planning Organization (DPT)http://www.dpt.gov.tr/ing/
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey Established in 1963
• Leading agency for management, funding and conduct of research in Turkey• Mission is to advance science and technology, conduct research and support
Turkish researchers• Declared to be an autonomous institution • Governed by a Scientific Board whose members are prominent scholars from
universities, industry and research institutions.• TUBITAK Reports directly to the Prime Minister• Acts as an advisory agency to the Turkish Government on science and
research issues, • supports undergraduate and graduate students through scholarships.
Academic Research Funding Programs Directorate (ARDEB)
ARDEB has eight different research grant committees. Each research grant committee is responsible for monitoring academic research and development programs in a specific field.
ARDEB coordinates academic and public research related activities between universities, public and private corporations via these research grant committees. These activities include funding and monitoring of research projects, building research networks, supporting patent applications.
• Founded as a service unit of TUBITAK in 1996.
• ULAKBIM's main objective is to operate a computer network enabling interaction within the institutional elements of national innovation system
• ULAKBIM consists of
• National Academic Network Unit: forms the academic network infrastructure in Turkey at all levels
• Cahit Arf Information Center, provides information and document supply services nationwide
Kentriki, Turkey http://www.mam.gov.tr/english/
TUBITAK Marmara Research Center,
TUBITAK ULAKBIM
The Turkish Academy of Sciences
Turkish: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi - TÜBA
TÜBA is an autonomous scholarly society acting
to promote scientific activities in Turkey.
Although it is attached to the office of the Prime Minister and is largely funded by the government, it maintains financial and administrative autonomy.
The academy is headquartered in Ankara, Turkey.
From: “The gender challenge in research funding assessing the European national sciences” / Turkey Maaike Romijn - November 2008.
http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/document_library/pdf_06/turkey-research-funding_en.pdf
TUBA SUCCESS RATES BY GENDER
FUNDING AGENCIESThe top 8 funding agencies of 2009 are governmental based.
The Republic of TURKEY
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