TURKEYOn The Crossroads of

Asia and Europe

10/19/2006

TURKEY, A Fascinating Land of Contrasts and Cultures

THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTHE REPUBLIC OF TURKEYTurkish Republic was founded in 1923 by M. Kemal Atatürk following the fall of Ottoman Empire.

Democratic, secular, and parliamentarygovernment; divided into legislative, executive and judicial establishments.

Turkey is strategically positioned on the crossroads of two continents; Asia and Europe.

Turkey has coasts to three seas; The Black Sea, The Aegean and The Mediterranean Sea and it is located at close proximity to Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East, the Gulf States and North Africa.

Turkey is a regional trade center at the gateway from the ancient Silk Road to new markets.

Ataturk1881-1938

COUNTRY INFORMATION (1/2)COUNTRY INFORMATION (1/2)

Area: 780,000 sq kmPopulation: 72 million

Growth rate: 1.4%Infant Mortality rate: 39/1000Life expectancy: 72.4

Literacy Rate: 87% Capital City: Ankara (4 mln)Largest Cities: Istanbul (13 mln), Izmir (2.5 mln)Monetary Unit: Turkish Lira (YTL/$=1.5)Official Language: TurkishDominant Religion: Islam (mostly Sunni) 99.8%.

COUNTRY INFORMATION (2/2)COUNTRY INFORMATION (2/2)

CommunicationFixed Lines and mobile telephones: 600/1000Personal Computers: 180/1000Internet Users: 390/1000E-mail Users: 510/1000Cable TV and Satellite Dish Users: 360/1000

TransportationRailways: 8,607 km.Highways: 386,000 km (37% paved)Ports: Five major (Istanbul, Izmir, Iskenderun, Kocaeli, Mersin), ten secondary, eighteen minor ports.Airports: 105 (usable airports)

TURKISH CULTURE

A COMPLEX LAND OF A COMPLEX LAND OF CONTRASTSCONTRASTS

Strategically located

Much diversity in urban/rural, ethnic, culture, arts, music...

Modern and traditional lifestyles co-exist

Largely Muslim but secular

CULTURAL RICHNESSCULTURAL RICHNESS

Inheritor of the Ottoman Empire Saint Nicholas (Santa Claus) was born in Demre.Virgin Mary lived in Ephesus. Holland’s famous tulips are originally from TurkeyJulius Ceasar said the famous quote

“Veni Vidi Vici” in Black Sea Region. Aesop, the famous creator of fables, was born in Anatolia.The first church of Christians “Saint Peter” was founded in Antakya.War of Troy took place in Çanakkale.Two of the seven wonders are in Turkey:

The Mausoleum of HalicarnassusThe Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

CULTURAL FEATURESCULTURAL FEATURES

High-context culture in social life; low-context in businessLarge power distance Moderately collectivistHigh uncertainty avoidancePolychronicNegotiation is an art that needs to be enjoyed!Creative, self-motivated, independent and venturesomeRich in emotions, traditions, and hospitality

A CULTURAL METAPHOR: A CULTURAL METAPHOR: COFFEE HOUSECOFFEE HOUSE

Reveals three unique dimensions of Turkish culture:

Focused on recreation, communication, community integrationMale domainA modest, simple environment

A CULTURAL METAPHOR: A CULTURAL METAPHOR: EVIL EYEEVIL EYE

70% of the population in Turkey believesthat carrying an evil eye on them will protect themselves from bad luck and other people’s bad intentions.

DOING BUSINESS

IN TURKEY

TURKISH ECONOMY TURKISH ECONOMY

GDP (PPP) (bln): $ 508,7 GDP growth (PPP) (annual %): 8.2GDP per capita (PPP): $ 7,400 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP): 20.6Imports of goods and services (% of GDP): 31.9Foreign Direct Investment (net inflows): $ 1.6 bln Major Trading Partners: EU, US, UK, RussiaInflation: 10.1% Unemployment: 11.4%Rising incomes but unequal distribution of incomeStructure of the Economy (% of GDP)

Agriculture: 12.9Industry: 22.4

Manufacturing: 13.9

Services: 64.7Efficient and vibrant business community but inefficient public sector

REGIONS SERVABLE BY TURKEYREGIONS SERVABLE BY TURKEY

United NationsWTOOECDWorld Bank GroupIMFNATOCustoms UnionThe Organization of Islamic ConferenceThe Islamic Development BankThe European Bank of Reconstruction and DevelopmentThe Multilateral Investment Guarantee AgencyThe Black Sea Economic CooperationThe Developing Eight (D-8)The Economic Cooperation Organization

INTERNATIONAL AFFILIATIONSINTERNATIONAL AFFILIATIONS

CRITICAL CROSS CULTURAL SKILLSCRITICAL CROSS CULTURAL SKILLS

AN EMERGING MARKETAN EMERGING MARKET

Rapid Liberalization, Privatization, Transformation

Values and lifestyles in flux

Young population (70% under the age of 35)

Rising expectations

Middle class coming into its own

MARKET POTENTIAL INDICATORSMARKET POTENTIAL INDICATORSMSU-CIBERMSU-CIBER

Tourism Industry in TurkeyTourism Industry in Turkey

Tourism Industry in TurkeyTourism Industry in Turkey

ATTRACTIVENESS FOR FOREIGN ATTRACTIVENESS FOR FOREIGN INVESTORSINVESTORS

Large and growing domestic marketMature and dynamic private sectorLeading role in the region Liberal and secure investment environment Supply of well trained labor forceCustoms union with EU countriesDeveloped infrastructureInstitutionalized economyCompetitive tax system

MAJOR MULTINATIONALS IN TURKEYMAJOR MULTINATIONALS IN TURKEY

3M JP MORGAN NIKE AC NIELSEN DHL PEPSI COLAACCENTURE DUPONT PFIZERALCATEL FIAT PHILIPSBOSCH FORD PHILIP MORRISBP FOUR SEASONS ROCHEBRIDGESTONE FRITO LAY REUTERSCARGILL GE SIEMENSCARREFOUR GILETTE P&GCITIBANK HSBC TOYOTACOCA COLA JTI XEROXIBM MCKINSEY VOLKSWAGENDANONE MERCEDENS-BENZ SHELLJ&J NESTLE NOVARTIS

BUSINESS STRATEGIESBUSINESS STRATEGIESFOR FOREIGN FIRMSFOR FOREIGN FIRMS

Target large urban areas (Istanbul, Izmir, Ankara) for primary distributionLearn to manage/cope with high inflation, high uncertainty, and red tape/bureaucracyFamiliarize yourself with public sector bidding (including municipalities)Exploit the very favorable appeal of Western brands with brand-conscious Turkish customersStrategic location: Use as springboard for entry into the regionStick to qualified partners and cultivate long-term relationshipsConsider partnering with Family Conglomerates

TOP 10 PROSPECTS FOR FOREIGN TOP 10 PROSPECTS FOR FOREIGN FIRMSFIRMS

Telecommunications Services and EquipmentNatural Gas Transmission, Distribution, Storage & TradeElectrical Power SystemsAutomotive Parts/Service EquipmentFranchising / RetailingMedical EquipmentBuilding MaterialsPlasticsArchitectural/Construction/Engineering ServicesBanking/Auditing

THANK YOU!Q & A

“PEACE IN HOMELAND, PEACE IN THE WORLD”

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk