Tunnel Segment Backfilling with Double Shield TBMs · 2017. 5. 31. · Robbins Double Shield TBM...
Transcript of Tunnel Segment Backfilling with Double Shield TBMs · 2017. 5. 31. · Robbins Double Shield TBM...
![Page 1: Tunnel Segment Backfilling with Double Shield TBMs · 2017. 5. 31. · Robbins Double Shield TBM with Pea Gravel Backfill DS TBM NUMBER BORE DIA. (m) PROJECT GEOLOGY DS 221 3.5 Pieve-Vergonte,](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070217/6122ca86acbc2362d822749c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tunnel Segment Backfilling
with Double Shield TBMs
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• Factors Determining Backfilling Annulus Gap
• Pea Gravel Backfill
• Pea Gravel Grout Injection
• Combination Pea Gravel & Mortar Backfill
OVERVIEW
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Factors Determining
Backfilling Annulus Gap
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FACTORS DETERMINING BACKFILLING ANNULUS GAP
• Ring build clearance
• Tail shield thickness
• Overcut for TBM steering and cutter wear
allowance
• “Tapered” or “non-tapered” shield body
construction
• Pea gravel injection through segments
most common
General Aspects about Annulus Gap & Backfill
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FACTORS DETERMINING BACKFILLING ANNULUS GAP
Open Type Tail Shield
Annulus Gap,
Annulus
Volume
Overcut for TBM Steering & Cutter
Wear Allowance (Rock Tunnels)
Tail Shield Thickness
Segment Build Clearance
Inside Tail Shield
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Pea Gravel Backfill
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
• Often used for PCC segments in rock tunnels
• Applied at full tail shield and open tail shield
• Open tail shield with pea gravel injection through segments is common method in rock tunneling
• Grout injection of pea gravel is often added
PCC = Pre Cast Concrete
Pea Gravel Backfill General Aspects
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
• Invert segment placed on bored tunnel
• “Feet” on invert segment provides ring
stability during ring build
• No tail shield brushes required; tail shield
can be thinner
• No tail shield grease required
• Pea gravel backfill is simple and well
proven
Pea Gravel Backfill w/Open Type Tail Shield
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
• Segments with invert “feet”
• The feet allow the segment ring to be built directly on the rock tunnel invert
• The feet provide four point stability
Pea Gravel Backfill w/Open Type Tail Shield 1600mm
LONG SEGMENTS
Grout in Pea Gravel
Interstices (@30%)
= 0.3 x 3.23m3 =
0.973 per ring
Pea
Gravel
3.23m3
per ring
Ø 7650
Bore w/
New
Cutters
49.5
50mm Pads on
Invert Segment
Invert Grout
0.38 per ring
(invert pads not
included) Invert Grout w/Invert Pads as
shown Approx. 0.1m3 per ring
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Pea Gravel Grout
Injection
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection via Segments
Rings Not Completely Backfilled
No Tail Brushes
45° Angle of Repose
Pea Gravel Fill Via Hole…
#4 #3 #2 #1
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Detail – hole for backfill
injection pointed
rearwards - no threaded
insert
Detail – hole for erector
pickup.
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection via Segments
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Self-clamping injection nozzle.
No threaded insert required.
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection via Segments
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection via Segments
Insert must be minimum Ø70mm clear to prevent clogging
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection via Segments
Segment backfill via segment at crown
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection via Segments
Segment backfill via segment at invert area
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
• Pea gravel is delivered into the annulus by means of dry type rotary shotcrete pumps (“blowing”)
• Shotcrete pump should be placed as far forward as possible to minimize hose length
• Insert opening Ø70mm clear to prevent clogging
• Hose size DN60 or DN70
• Pea gravel backfill takes place separate from TBM advance, thus no waiting is time required for annulus backfill to gain strength
• Pea gravel annulus is usually grouted as a secondary operation - theoretic gravel interstices have volume 30%, but 50% more realistic
Pea Gravel Backfill Technical Method
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Injection Equipment
Dry type rotary shotcrete pump
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Handling in Large Tunnels
There is room for bulk material handling and bunkering of pea gravel
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
• Limited space for pea gravel handling
systems
• Often times, there is not enough space to
bunker a sufficient volume of pea gravel
• Pea gravel will be offloaded from a rail car
during the TBM cutting stroke; this needs
attention with respect to train movements
• Train operation cycle should be carefully
considered to avoid “bottlenecks”
Pea Gravel Backfill Handling in Small Tunnels
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
Pea Gravel Backfill Handling in Small Tunnels
Pea Gravel Bunker
and Conveyor Pea Gravel Pump
Pea Gravel Transport
Bin hauled on Flat Car
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PEA GRAVEL BACKFILL
• Grout is injected in pea gravel as a secondary
operation
• Theoretical interstices spaces in pea gravel at
30%
• Realistically, it is 50% since pea gravel does not
fill the gap completely
• Uses grout mixer, agitator, and piston or mono
type pump for injection via segment holes
• Grout injection will be performed at a distance
from the place of pea gravel injection
Pea Gravel Backfill Grout Injection
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Combination Pea Gravel
& Mortar Backfill
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COMBINED PEA GRAVEL & MORTAR BACKFILL
Combined Pea Gravel & Mortar Backfill
Pea Gravel Backfill
Invert Mortar Backfill
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COMBINED PEA GRAVEL & MORTAR BACKFILL
Combined Pea Gravel & Mortar Backfill
Invert Mortar Injection pipes built into Tail Shield
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COMBINED PEA GRAVEL & MORTAR BACKFILL
Robbins Double Shield TBM with Pea Gravel Backfill
DS TBM NUMBER BORE DIA. (m) PROJECT GEOLOGY
DS 221 3.5 Pieve-Vergonte, Italy Limestone, Marl
DS303 3.5 Kunming, China Siltstone, Mudstone
DS234 4.1 Talave, Italy Limestone, Marl, Clay
DS301 4.3 BAM, Russia Gneiss, Hornfels
DS287 5 Busan, Korea Granite, Gneiss
DS325 10 Veligonda India Quartzite, Schist
DS318 10 AMR, India Granite, Porphry
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Thank You