Tuesday January 8, 2013 (Indirect Fossil Evidence; Index Fossils)
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Transcript of Tuesday January 8, 2013 (Indirect Fossil Evidence; Index Fossils)
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TuesdayJanuary 8, 2013
(Indirect Fossil Evidence; Index
Fossils)
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The Launch PadTuesday, 1/8/13
List the eight general types of fossils.Direct - teeth, bones, shellsDirect - mummified fossils
Direct - amber-preservation fossils Modified - petrified fossils
Modified - replacement fossilsModified - mold and cast fossilsModified - carbonization fossils
Modified - impression fossils
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The Launch PadTuesday, 1/8/13
Which of the following are probably not fossils?
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AnnouncementsHappy Bubble Bath Day!
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Announcements
I will be available after school today until
4:45.
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Assignment Currently Open
Summative or
Formative?Date Issued Date Due Date Into
GradeSpeed Final Day
Quiz 14 S4 12/12 12/12 12/19 1/16
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Recent Events in ScienceFirst Fossil Bird With Teeth Specialized for Tough Diet
Read All About It!www.sciencedaily.com/releases/201
3/01/130107082602.htm
Beak shape variation in Darwin's finches is a classic example of evolutionary adaptation, with beaks that vary widely in proportions and shape,
reflecting a diversity of ecologies. While living birds have a beak to manipulate their food, their fossil bird ancestors had teeth. Now a new fossil
discovery shows some fossil birds evolved teeth adapted for specialized diets.
A study of the teeth of a new species of early bird, Sulcavis geeorum, published in the latest issue of theJournal of Vertebrate Paleontology,
suggests this fossil bird had a durophagous diet, meaning the bird's teeth were capable of
eating prey with hard exoskeletons like insects or crabs. The researchers believe the teeth of the new specimen greatly increase the known
diversity of tooth shape in early birds, and hints at previously unrecognized ecological diversity.
Photograph of Sulcavis geeorum skull, a fossil bird from the Early Cretaceous (120 million-years-ago) of Liaoning Province,
China with scale bar in millimeters. (Credit: Photograph by Stephanie
Abramowicz)
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Certain conditions favor fossil preservation. Rapid burial by silt or organic matter
Possession of hard parts
Fossils - Evidence of Past Life
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Fossils - Evidence of Past Life Indirect Fossil Evidence
Tracks – animal footprints made in soft sediment that was later lithified.
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Fossils - Evidence of Past Life Indirect Fossil Evidence
Burrows
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Fossils - Evidence of Past Life Indirect Fossil EvidenceCoprolites – fossil dung and
stomach contents
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Figure 11.13F
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Fossils - Evidence of Past Life Indirect Fossil Evidence
Gastroliths – stomach stones used to grind food by some
extinct reptiles
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Fossils and Correlation
The Principle of Fossil Succession was first proposed by William Smith
in the late 1700s.This principle states that fossils
succeed one another in a definite and determinable order.
Fossils - Evidence of Past Life
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Determining the Ages of Rocks Using Fossils
Figure 11.14
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Fossils and CorrelationIndex Fossils
Index fossils are fossils used to define and identify geologic
periods.They work on the premise that,
although different sediments may look different depending on the
conditions under which they were laid down, they may include
the remains of the same species of fossil.
Fossils - Evidence of Past Life
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Fossils and CorrelationIndex Fossils
If the species concerned were short-lived (in geological terms, lasting a few hundred thousand years), then it is certain that
the sediments in question were deposited within that narrow time period.
The shorter the lifespan of a species, the more precisely different sediments can be correlated, and so rapidly evolving
types of fossils are particularly valuable.The best index fossils are common, easy-to-identify at species level, and have a broad distribution - otherwise the likelihood of finding and recognizing one in the two sediments is minor.
Fossils - Evidence of Past Life
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Fossils - Evidence of Past Life
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What is a Fossil? Crossword