Trung Quoc - Svkt

15
1 KIEÁN TRUÙC TRUNG QUOÁC I. CAÙC YEÁU TOÁ AÛNH HÖÔÛNG ÑEÁN KIEÁN TRUÙC TRUNG QUOÁC 1. ÑIEÀU KIEÄN TÖÏ NHIEÂN – XAÕ HOÄI: Trung Quoác laø luïc ñòa lôùn nhaát theá giôùi,naèm treân bôø taây Thaùi Bình Döôn, toång dieân tích 9,6 trieäu km 2 Trung Quoác coù 2 con soâng lôùn: Soâng Hoaøng Haø khí haäu oân ñôùi vaø caän nhieät ñôùi. 2. YEÁU TOÁ VAÊN HOAÙ: Trung Quoác laø cô sôû cho nhöõng tö töôûng trieát hoïc coù heä thoáng. II. LÒCH SÖÛ PHAÙT TRIEÅN KIEÁN TRUÙC TRUNG QUOÁC: Chia laøm 4 giai ñoaïn theo nieân bieåu lòch söû. 1. GIAI ÑOAÏN 1:THÔØI CHIEÁN QUOÁC ,TAÀN ,HAÙN (475 TCN – 220 SCN) a/ Ñaëc ñieåm vaên hoaù xaõ hoäi: b/ Ñaëc ñieåm kieán truùc: 2. GIAI ÑOAÏN 2:THÔØI TAM QUOÁC LÖÔÕNG, LÖÔÕNG TAÁN, NAM –BAÉC TRIEÀU, TUYØ, ÑÖÔØNG (220 – 907). a/ Ñaëc ñieåm vaên hoaù xaõ hoäi: Phaät giaùo vaøo Trung Quoác töø theá kyû I b/ Ñaëc ñieåm kieán truùc: Töø theá kyû VI trôû ñi, heä thoáng kieán truùc goã Trung Quoác coù aûnh höôûng saâu saéc ñeá n caùc quoác gia khaùc. 3. GIAI ÑOAÏN 3: THÔØI KYØ NGUÕ ÑAÏI, LIEÂU, TOÁNG, KIM, NGUYEÂN (907 – 1368) a/ Ñaëc ñieåm vaên hoaù xaõ hoäi: b/ Ñaëc ñieåm kieán truùc: 4. GIAI ÑOAÏN 4: THÔØI MINH, THANH (1368 – 1840) a/ Ñaëc ñieåm xaõ hoäi: Ñôøi Thanh : nhaø nöôùc phong kieán taäp quyeàn ñöôïc thoáng nhaát vaø cuûng coá. b/ Ñaëc ñieåm kieán truùc: Quy hoaïch ño thò phaùt trieån III. CAÙC LOAÏI HÌNH TIEÂU BIEÅU CUÛA KIEÁN TRUÙC TRUNG QUOÁC: 1. COÄT THAÙP VAØ CHUØA HANG: Coù nguoàn goác töø Aán Ñoä. Coâng trình tieâu bieåu: Chuøa hang Yungang Chuøa hang Maïc Cao

description

lịch sử kiến trúc

Transcript of Trung Quoc - Svkt

  • 1

    KIEN TRUC TRUNG QUOC

    I. CAC YEU TO ANH HNG EN KIEN TRUC TRUNG QUOC 1. IEU KIEN T NHIEN XA HOI:

    Trung Quoc la luc a ln nhat the gii,nam tren b tay Thai Bnh Dn, tong dien tch 9,6 trieu km2 Trung Quoc co 2 con song ln:

    Song Hoang Ha kh hau on i va can nhiet i.

    2. YEU TO VAN HOA: Trung Quoc la c s cho nhng t tng triet hoc co he thong.

    II. LCH S PHAT TRIEN KIEN TRUC TRUNG QUOC: Chia lam 4 giai oan theo nien bieu lch s.

    1. GIAI OAN 1:THI CHIEN QUOC ,TAN ,HAN (475 TCN 220 SCN) a/ ac iem van hoa xa hoi: b/ ac iem kien truc:

    2. GIAI OAN 2:THI TAM QUOC LNG, LNG TAN, NAM BAC TRIEU, TUY, NG (220 907). a/ ac iem van hoa xa hoi:

    Phat giao vao Trung Quoc t the ky I b/ ac iem kien truc:

    T the ky VI tr i, he thong kien truc go Trung Quoc co anh hng sau sac en cac quoc gia khac.

    3. GIAI OAN 3: THI KY NGU AI, LIEU, TONG, KIM, NGUYEN (907 1368) a/ ac iem van hoa xa hoi: b/ ac iem kien truc:

    4. GIAI OAN 4: THI MINH, THANH (1368 1840) a/ ac iem xa hoi:

    i Thanh : nha nc phong kien tap quyen c thong nhat va cung co.

    b/ ac iem kien truc: Quy hoach o th phat trien

    III. CAC LOAI HNH TIEU BIEU CUA KIEN TRUC TRUNG QUOC: 1. COT THAP VA CHUA HANG:

    Co nguon goc t An o. Cong trnh tieu bieu:

    Chua hang Yungang Chua hang Mac Cao

  • 2

    2. CHUA THAP: Loai 1: gom kien truc chua ket hp vi kien truc thap Loai 2 : cac toa nha a/ Kien truc chua cong trnh tieu bieu:

    CHUA PHO QUANG : Xay dng nam 857 i ng Ngu ai Sn tnh Sn Tay. La ket cau go Trung Quoc xa nhat con ton tai en nay.

    CHUA QUAN AM THUOC TU VIEN OC LAC: Xay dng nam 984 Ha Bac. Chua rong 20,2m cao 22,5m ng tren mot nen a va co 3

    tang. b/ Kien truc thap:

    Nhom 1: thap vi nhieu lp diem mai day. Cong trnh tieu bieu: THAP CHUA TUNG NHAN : tren nui Tung Sn tnh Nam Ha.

    Xay dng 520 THAP TIEU NHAN:

    Xay dng vao thi Lieu. THAP BAC KINH I LIEU:

    Xay dng vao the ky th XII bang a. Nhom 2: thap nhieu tang.

    Cong trnh tieu bieu: Thap ai Nhan:

    Xay dng nam 652 Trng An Thap Ngoc Tuyen:

    Xay dng nam 1061 thi Tong Dng Dng Ho Bac. Thap KAIYUANG:

    Nhom 3: thap co dang bnh. Cong trnh tieu bieu:

    Bach thap: Thap chua Tay Hoang.

    Nhom 4: thap bieu dng Phat giao. Cong trnh tieu bieu: Nhom thap chua Lingyan tng Sn ong.

    Nhom 5: thap mo. Cong trnh tieu bieu:

    Thap chua Lingyan tnh Sn ong. Thap chua Yung-an.

    Nhom 6: thap co ket cau go. Cong trnh tieu bieu: thap THCH CA:

    Xay dng vao nam 1056 i Tong

  • 3

    3. AN,EN,MIEU MAO: a/ Khai quat:

    e bao ve quyen lc cua mnh an : en mieu :

    b/ ac iem kien truc: c/ Cong trnh tieu bieu:

    THIEN AN BAC KINH: Khai quat:

    Xay dng vao thi Minh Vnh Lac th 18 ien Tan Nien (ien Ky Nien)

    Hoang Khung Vu (Hoang Cung Vu): an te tri (Hoang Khu an):

    XA TAC: KHONG MIEU KHUC PHU SN ONG:

    Xay dng thi Han (vao the ky III) ien ai Thanh: Giai Van Cac:

    4. CUNG IEN:

    a/ T CAM THANH: Xay dng t nam 1406 -1420

    NGO MON: CONG THAI HOA: IEN THAI HOA: IEN TRUNG HOA: IEN BAO HOA:

    b/ TRANG TR:

    IV. TONG KET CAC AC IEM C BAN CUA KIEN TRUC TRUNG QUOC.

  • 4

    Chua hang Yungang Chua hang Mac Cao

  • 5

    CHUA PHO QUANG CHUA QUAN AM

  • 6

    THAP CHUA TUNG NHAN THAP TIEU NHAN THAP AI NHAN THAP NGOC TUYEN

  • 7

    THAP LIEU CH CHUA KHAI NGUYEN THAP LIEU CH CHUA KHAI NGUYEN Thap Bach Ngoc Thap chua Tay Hoang

  • 8

    Nhom thap chua Lingyan Thap chua Yung-an.

  • 9

    thap THCH CA

  • 10

    THIEN AN BAC KINH

  • 11

    an te tri (Hoang Khu an) Hoang Cang ien (Trai cung)

  • 12

    KHONG MIEU KHUC PHU SN ONG

  • 13

    T CAM THANH

  • 14

    THIEN AN MON NGO MON THAI HOA MON IEN THAI HOA

  • 15

    IEN TRUNG HOA IEN BAO HOA TRANG TR