Adapting the best elements of the Danish approach to combine

several types of transportationFlexDanmark is the Evolutionary History of a co-operation between the Public Transport Organizations in

Denmark with improved performance and reduced costs in the area of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT).

Niels Tvilling Larsen (ntl@flexdanmark.dk)

Head of Department PFlexDanmark

FlexDanmark

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• To optimize each separate trip best possible, based on known means, the need of the individual customer, and considering the inconvenience to the customer – and the service those who place the order is willing to pay for.

The Basic Idea

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The possibility of mixing transport from different authorities is a key factor in optimization

Flex Traffic bounded by law

• Transport to healthcare

• Transport of disabled citizens

• Institution and school transit

• Transport of patients

Flex Traffic substitution of traditional BUS

transport

• Tele taxi

• Demand responsive bus line

• Taxi cab• Private hire• Mini bus• DRT bus

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Why the Mixing?

• Why do we mix the scheduled transport with the individual variable transportation?

+ =

ScheduledTransport Utilization

Individual VariableTransport Utilization

CombinedTransport Utilization

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FlexDanmark components the last year

5.4

24

.67

0Trip

s

5.1

62

Un

iqu

e vehicles

77

3H

auliers

24

0.9

10

Un

iqu

e ind

ividu

als

54

5A

uth

orities

PTO evolution from Rule controland judging to Auctioneer

Create quality and productivity by facilitating fair competition instead of control

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The PTOs buys resources (taxies and busses) from external private companies, and, combined with all the planned trips – generated through different remote online ordering modules used by a number of authorities – will optimize the utilization of that capacity (using a real-time planning engine).

Basic Principle

Total Provider vs. Broker

Price pr trip – Total Provider concept Price pr trip - Broker concept

Payment for the Provider Payment for Transport Providers

Public Transport OrganizationFlexDanmark IT/Callcenter

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

SavingsBroker cost

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The Danish Model

• One shared DRT IT system, with one facilitator in each region, supporting numerous online authorities and operators.

FlexDanmark

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Maturity developmentof DRT

Dedicated vehicles

Non dedicated vehicles

Real Tim

eM

anagem

ent

Batch

Sched

ulin

g

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Planning on three levels

Strategic planning Tender process

Batch Scheduling School systems

Real Time Management Traffic management

25-04-2017 FlexDanmark 11

Attributes Basic data ResourcesPlan for each

vehicle

We speak of planning at in three levels - where you get closer and closer time 0 - and the number of changeable factor rises

Time to

trip sh

all b

e perfo

rmed

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A unique procurement model

• Transport services are procured from private operators in a manner which is compatible with the European Directive for Public Procurement.

• We have a unique procurement model for the DRT operations:

• SPOT-MARKED VEHICLES• A unit price (€ per vehicle hour) is given at the bidding moment (e g every

year) and then used each time when assigning a suitable vehicle for the actual transport task (combined with other parameters).

• FIXED VEHICLES• A guaranteed minimum availability in the contract (contracts for 2-4

years). Drivers are not allowed to refuse trips without good cause. (€ per vehicle hour)

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Selection on spot market

• Selection is based on lowest generalized cost, considering factors such as

• Proximity to actual caller

• Vehicle operating cost according to driving times and bid unit price in the contract

• Special needs of customers

• And even quality rating for the 500 companies having contract with PTOs.

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Transparency for the supplier

• We have built a system with transparency for the transport companies

• On a website they can se details of the payment

• We use reverse invoice (we decide the amount on basis of rules for e.g. service level, time of day, rush hour traffic)

• Insures less administration for transport companies and gives easier access for small transport companies

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Ressource optimizing

Start zone End zone

School

planning

Point

planningTaxi planning

Must have control on ?

- Where is the cart -Capacity

- What is it paid - Cost allocation

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Flex Process

RE

QU

ES

TE

D

TR

IP

Describe ”trip” from A to B with time and service

restraints

Determine eligibility and describe the

”citizen”

CO

MP

LE

TE

D

TR

IP

PI

CK

UP

Traffic Control & Contract

Management

Resource cost optimization

Evaluation Booking Optimization Execution Accounting Reporting

Quality Assurance &

Follow-up

Cost Allocation & Invoicing / Payments

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A Basis platform for Transport A way to use MaaS with more attributes

Flex Traffic

Travel planners for public transport

Taxi

Bus

TrainFLXPlatform

Channels of demand Types of supply

Blue is in operation - Green is approved - Yellow is on the way but needs clarification - Red is future needs

External systems

Customer systems

Web Portal / Appbookings

Call Center booking

FlexTravel

TCN

Car / Ride Sharing