% Trip Generation Trip Internalization & Pass-by Software (TIPS)
TRIP GENERATION
description
Transcript of TRIP GENERATION
TRIP GENERATIONTRIP GENERATION
The Conventional “Four Step” Modelling ProcessThe Conventional “Four Step” Modelling Process Hutchinson, 1973Hutchinson, 1973
• Shall I travel somewhere?– The Trip Generation Step
• Where shall I go?– The Trip Distribution Step
• Which mode of transport shall I use?– The Modal Choice Step
• Which route shall I take?– The Traffic Assignment Step
4 Tipe Pergerakan
• Eksternal Eksternal, zona asal dan tujuan berada diluar daerah kajian;
• Internal Internal, salah satu zona asa atau tujuan berada diluar daerah kajian;
• Internal Internal, zona asal dan tujuan berada didalam daerah kajian;
• Intrazona, zona asal dan tujuan berada didalam satu zona tertentu.
Model Bangkitan PergerakanModel Bangkitan Pergerakan
• Tujuan menghasilkan model hubungan yang mengaitkan parameter fungsi lahan dengan jumlah pergerakan yang menuju dan meninggalkan suatu zona
• Zona asal dan tujuan pergerakan biasanya dikenal dengan istilah TRIP END
• Menggunakan data berbasis zona untuk memodelkan besarnya pergerakan yang terjadi.
TRIP-END DEFINITIONSTRIP-END DEFINITIONS[Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000][Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000]
TRIP-END DEFINITIONSTRIP-END DEFINITIONS[Papacostas & Prevedouros, 1993][Papacostas & Prevedouros, 1993]
NON RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
Food Mart
NON RESIDENTIAL
Zone j Zone i
Two trip ends; one originand one destination, or two productions
Two trip ends; one originand one destination,
or two attractions
Klasifikasi Pergerakan Berdasarkan:
1. Tujuan• Kerja, sekolah, belanja, rekreasi
2. Waktu• Pagi, siang, dan sore hari
3. Karakteristik Individu• Tingkat pendapatan, pemilikan kendaraan,
ukuran dan struktur rumah tangga
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi:
1. Bangkitan Pergerakan untuk Manusia• Pendapatan, pemilikan kendaraan, ukuran &
struktur rumah tangga, nilai lahan, kepadatan penduduk, aksesibilitas.
2. Tarikan Pergerakan untuk Manusia• Luas lantai kegiatan, jumlah lapangan
pekerjaan, aksesibilitas.3. Bangkitan dan Tarikan Pergerakan untuk
Barang• Jumlah lapangan pekerjaan, jumlah tempat
pemasaran, luas lahan industri.
Alur Pemodelan Regresi:
The selected explanatory variables:
1. Must be linearly related to the dependent variable,
2. Must be highly correlated with the dependent variable,
3. Must not be highly correlated between themselves,
4. Must lend themselves to relatively easy projection.
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
REGRESSION
SimpleY = a + bX
MultipleY = a + b1X1 + … + bnXn
LinearY = a + bX
Non-LinearY = a + bx + cx2
Y = aXb
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Regression ModelsRegression Models::
Pearson Correlation Matrix:Pearson Correlation Matrix:
Y X1 X2 X3 X4
Y 1,00 0,32 0,92 0,95 0,62
X1 1,00 0,25 0,19 0,03
X2 1,00 0,99 0,29
X3 1,00 0,33
X4 1,00
Alternative Regression Models:Alternative Regression Models:
1. Y = a0 + a2X2
2. Y = b0 + b3X3
3. Y = c0 + c4X4
4. Y = d0 + d2X2 + d4X4
5. Y = e0 + e3X3 + e4X4
TRIP-RATE Analysis TRIP-RATE Analysis [Papacostas & Prevedouros, 1993][Papacostas & Prevedouros, 1993]
Trip-rate analysis refers to several models
that are based on the determination of the
average trip production or trip attraction
rates associated with the important trip
generators within the region.
TRIP-RATE Analysis TRIP-RATE Analysis [Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000][Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000]
Masuk Keluar Total Masuk Keluar Total Masuk Keluar Total
7:00 0.73 0.27 1.00 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00
8:00 0.26 0.16 0.42 0.08 0.04 0.12 0.41 0.23 0.64
9:00 0.25 0.18 0.43 0.55 0.15 0.70 0.46 0.35 0.81
10:00 0.22 0.16 0.38 0.80 0.42 1.22 0.41 0.26 0.67
11:00 0.23 0.22 0.45 0.78 0.65 1.43 0.30 0.27 0.57
12:00 0.19 0.23 0.42 0.60 0.56 1.16 0.24 0.27 0.51
13:00 0.23 0.19 0.42 0.65 0.59 1.24 0.34 0.33 0.67
14:00 0.17 0.17 0.34 0.57 0.70 1.27 0.32 0.37 0.69
15:00 0.19 0.18 0.37 0.61 0.68 1.29 0.31 0.45 0.76
16:00 0.20 0.51 0.71 0.50 0.95 1.45 0.29 0.32 0.61
17:00 0.10 0.34 0.44 0.45 0.58 1.03 0.29 0.31 0.60
18:00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.39 0.32 0.71
19:00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.32 0.68
Perkantoran (smp/100m2) Pertokoan (smp/100m2) Hotel (smp/100m2)Waktu
TRIP-RATE Analysis TRIP-RATE Analysis [Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000][Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000]
Masuk Keluar Masuk Keluar Masuk Keluar Masuk Keluar
7:00 308 114 12 6 0 0 321 120 201
8:00 110 68 24 12 66 37 200 117 284
9:00 106 76 166 45 75 57 347 178 453
10:00 93 68 242 127 66 42 401 237 617
11:00 97 93 236 197 49 44 382 333 666
12:00 80 97 182 169 39 44 301 310 657
13:00 97 80 197 178 55 53 349 312 694
14:00 72 72 172 212 52 60 296 344 646
15:00 80 76 185 206 50 73 315 355 606
16:00 85 215 151 287 47 52 283 555 334
17:00 42 144 136 175 47 50 225 369 190
18:00 0 0 0 0 63 52 63 52 201
19:00 0 0 0 0 58 52 58 52 207
WaktuTotal
ParkirPerkantoran Pertokoan Hotel
Perkantoran 42.250m2 , Pertokoan 30.250m2 , Hotel 16.200m2
TRIP-RATE Analysis TRIP-RATE Analysis [Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000][Tamin, Ofyar Z, 2000]
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00
Waktu
Jum
lah
Ken
dar
aan
(S
MP
)
Masuk Keluar Parkir
Cross-Classification ModelsCross-Classification Models[Papacostas & Prevedouros, 1993][Papacostas & Prevedouros, 1993]
Cross-classification (or category analysis)
models may be thought of as extensions
of the simple trip-rate models.
Although they can be calibrated as area-
or zone-based models, in trip-generation
studies they are almost exclusively used
as disaggregate models.
Number of Trips per Household Size by Auto Ownership obtained from Regional Study
HH Trips HH Trips HH Trips
1 1,200 2,520 2,560 6,144 54 130
2 874 2,098 3,456 9,676 5,921 20,165
3+ 421 1,137 2,589 8,026 8,642 33,704
Auto Ownership
Ho
use
ho
ld S
ize 2+10
Trip Rates obtained from previous Matrix
0 1 2+
1 2.10 2.40 2.41
2 2.40 2.80 3.41
3+ 2.70 3.10 3.90 Ho
use
ho
ld S
ize Auto Ownership
Forecast Number of Household in Study Zone by Auto Ownership and Household Size
0 1 2+
1 25 125 3
2 32 175 254
3+ 10 89 512
Auto OwnershipH
ou
seh
old
Siz
e
Forecast Number of Trips in Zone determined by multiplying Trip Rates by number of
Households in category
0 1 2+
1 53 300 7
2 77 490 865
3+ 27 276 1,997
4,091
Auto Ownership
Ho
use
ho
ld S
ize
TRIP GENERATIONTRIP GENERATION