Trigeneration & Boiler Sizing Optimization

Presentation at a Glance Overview Trigen Concept System Configuration Benefits & Risks Conclusions

Trigeneration Concept

Conventional Trigeneration

Trigen Facility

Natural Gas

Natural Gas

Boiler

Electricity

MVAC Chiller

Power Demand

Steam

Chilled Water

Hot Water

Utilities Requirement

Electricity Cooling Heat

Trigeneration Schematic at GSK

Gas Engine

Alternator

Elec

tric

ity

Air

NG

1.8 MW

Exha

ust g

as St

eam

Boi

ler

Econ

omiz

er

Was

te H

eat

Rec

over

y B

oile

r

Feed

Wat

er

1.2 t/h

Hot

Wat

er

Hot

Wat

er

Econ

omiz

er

Hot

Wat

er R

etur

n

300 kWh

HT Transmission Cycle Heat Exchanger

HT Loop Absorption Chiller

200 RT

Chi

lled

Wat

er

Coo

ling

Wat

er

Scheme Design

Design Considerations

Gas Engine - higher power to heat ratio Waste heat boiler & hot water generator to

recover engine exhaust air (> 420 °C) Hot water Absorption chiller to recover GE

Jacket HT waste heat (> 90 °C) 100% hot water (consistent load) generation

from Trigen Fuel boiler with high turndown ratio

Utilization > 90% per year Operating > 90% of capacity Equipment life span for 10+ year MVAC chiller & fuel boiler for 100% back-up Fuel boilers load as little as possible No impact on existing buildings appearance

Operational Requirement

Initial Configuration

GSK optimization project consists of: Trigenetaion: Gas Engine (2 MW rated capacity) Waste Heat Boiler (1.2T Steam @ 9 barg ) Absorption Chiller (200 RT Chilled Water) Hot water Generator (> 50°C Hot water) Boiler Downsizing 2 x 5T high efficiency dual fire boiler

Overview of system

After Optimization

Trigeneration Facility

Gas Engine

Waste Heat Boiler

Hot Water Absorption Chiller

Fuel Fire Boilers

Before After

Benefits

Support GSK climate change & sustainability commitment Improve energy efficiency Operational cost saving Support business continuity plan

Trigeneration = Business Sense

Why Trigeneration?

Other Favorable Factors Right match for plant utilities usage profile

(consistent power, heating & cooling load) Natural gas available at competitive price Proven technology (availability >90%) Government policies to support green

initiatives e.g. GREET fund Support national policies demonstrated

(Energy Conservation Act)

Integrated with 2 smaller boilers:

Reduce heat losses % vs amount energy input

Higher turndown ratio allow wider operating range

Lower regulatory requirement e.g. Steam Engineer requirement

Additional space in boiler room

Boiler Downsizing

Annual energy consumption

Results

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

Before Improvement After Improvement

19,152 MWh

44,423 MWh

76,129 MWh

42,045 MWh

ElectricityGas

MWh Energy Reduction ~ 9%

Potential Risks

Fears & Threats Change of site utilities demand profile Electricity price drop or gas price increase Reliability issues Competent local vendor support Change of local regulatory requirement

Conclusions

Suitable for facilities with continuous and stable demand level/minimum fluctuation on heating, cooling and power Energy efficiency & benefits of Trigen

depend on ability to utilize all heat energy Overall Trigen efficiency varies between

70% - 80% depending on design & usage

Conclusions

Absorption chillers offer substantial CO2 savings over electric chillers Available of Natural Gas supply at

competitive price is required to make the investment attractive Multiple small size equipment installation

provide more flexibility

Conclusions

Thank you