Trial Pahang Biologi SPM 2014 K2

8/10/2019 Trial Pahang Biologi SPM 2014 K2

1/23

Untuk KegunaanPemeriksa

For ExaminersUse

SULIT 2

4551/2

Section A

Bahagian A

[60 marks]

[60 markah]

Answer allquestions in this section.

Jawab semuasoalan dalam bahagian ini.

1. Diagram 1 shows graph effect of temperature on enzyme reaction.

a!ah " menun!ukkan gra# kesan suhu terhada$ kadar tindak balas en%im.

Diagram 1

a!ah "

(a) tate what enzymes are.

&'atakan a$akah en%im.

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[! marks]

[( markah]

(") (i) #n human "o$y% what is the organ that secretes rennin&

)i dalam badan manusia* a$akah organ 'ang merembes rennin+

................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

[" markah]

[Lihat halaman sebelah

4551/2 'ercu"aan 'ahang !01

SULIT

1 ,b- ,i-

1

1 ,a-

!

ate of enzyme reaction

Kadar tindak balas en%im

*emperature

uhu10 20 30 40

50


2/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 3

4551/2

(ii) +,p-ain why the rate of rennin is the highest as shown in Diagram 1.

/erangkan menga$a kadar tindak balas rennin $aling tinggi se$erti 'ang

ditun!ukkan dalam a!ah ".

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[! marks]

[( markah]

(c) esi$es temperature factor% ezyme is a-so affecte$ "y p/. +,p-ain the effect of

higher p/ such as on rennin actiity.

elain #aktor suhu* en%im !uga di$engaruhi oleh #aktor $. uraikan kesan $'ang tinggi se$erti 1 ke atas akti2iti rennin.

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[! marks]

[( markah]

($) +,p-ain how enzyme reacts on the situation "e-ow2

/erangkan bagaimana en%im bertindak dalam keadaan berikut3

(i) /e-ping to remoe stains on c-othes

4emudahkan ker!a menghilangkan kotoran $ada $akaian

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[3 marks]

[5 markah]

(ii) +,tracting agar from seawee$s

4engekstrak agaragar dari$ada rum$ai laut

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[!marks]



SULIT

1 ,d-

4

1 ,b-,ii-

!

1 ,7-

!


3/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 4

4551/2

[( markah]

! Diagram !.1 shows a cross section of -eaf.

a!ah (." menun!ukkan satu keratan rentas daun.

Diagram !.1

a!ah (."

(a) (i) 5ame struktur '.&amakan struktur P.

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............................

[1 mark]

[" markah]

(ii) 5ame the structures -a"e--e$ an$

&amakan struktur 'ang berlabel 8 dan

2......................................................................................................................

......

2

......................................................................................................................

.......

[! marks]

[( markah]



SULIT

! ,a- ,i-

1

Q

R

P

! ,a-,ii-

!

Total A1

1!


4/23


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SULIT 5

4551/2

(") +,p-ain how tissue is a$apte$ for transportation.

/erangkan bagaimana tisu 8 disesuaikan untuk $engangkutan.

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[! marks]

[( markah]

(c) Diagram !.! shows a con$ition of a ce-- in specific so-ution.

a!ah (.( menun!ukkan keadaan suatu sel di dalam larutan 'ang s$esi#ik.

Diagram !.!

a!ah (.(

(i) +,p-ain why the con$ition of the ce-- as seen.

/erangkan menga$a keadaan sel tersebutseperti yang $i-ihat.

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[!marks]

[( markah]

(ii)+,p-ain how to oercome the con$ition in or$er to make sure the p-ant

suria-.

/erangkan bagaimana untuk mengatasi keadaan tersebut untuk memastikan

tumbuhan terus hidu$.

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SULIT

! ,b-

!

! ,7i-

!

! ,7ii-

!


5/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT

4551/2

[!marks]

[( markah]

($) A group of suriing sai-ors from a shipwreck are $rifte$ in the ocean. *hey

are weak an$ $ehy$rate$ $ue to -ack of $rinking water. 7hy can8t they $rinkthe sea water&

ekum$ulan anakanak ka$al 'ang terselamat dari$ada ke!adian ka$al

karam telah dihan'utkan di lautan. Keadaan mereka adalah lemah dan

terdehidrasi akibat kekurangan air minuman. 4enga$akah mereka tidak

boleh meminum air laut+

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[3marks]

[5 markah]



SULIT

! ,d-

3


6/23


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SULIT !

4551/2

3. Diagram 3.1 shows moement of earthworm an$ a fish in $ifferent ha"itats.

a!ah 5." menun!ukkan $ergerakan 7a7ing tanah dan ikan dalam habitat 'ang

berbe%a.

.

Diagram 3.1

a!ah 5."

(a) (i) 5ame the musc-es of "oth organisms that ino-e$ in moement.

&amakan otot 'ang terlibat dalam $ergerakan dalam keduadua organisma

tersebut.

+arthworm99a7ing tanah2 ........................................................................................

#kan9Fish

3..........................................................................................



SULIT

Total A2

1!

3 ,a-,i-

!


7/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT "

4551/2

[! marks]

[( markah]

(ii) 5ame the type of ske-eton for "oth organisms.

&amakan !enis rangka keduadua organisma tersebut.

+arthworm99a7ing tanah3.........................................................................................

#kan9Fish 3 .........................................................................................

[! marks]

[( markah]

Diagram 3.!

a!ah 5.(

Diagram 3.! shows the musc-es of earthworm ino-e in -ocomotion.

a!ah 5.( menun!ukkan otototot 7a7ing tanah 'ang terlibat dalam $ergerakan.

(") ase$ on Diagram 3.! $escri"e the mechanism of -ocomotion in the earthworm.

:erdasarkan a!ah 5.( terangkan mekanisme $ergerakan 7a7ing tanah.

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[! marks]



SULIT

3 ,a-,ii-

!

3 ,b-

!

musc-e :

otot ;

musc-e ;

otot


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SULIT #

4551/2

[( markah]

Diagram 3.3

a!ah 5.5

Diagram 3.3 shows part of erte"ra- co-umn showing structure


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SULIT 1$

4551/2

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[! marks]

[( markah]

Diagram 3.4

a!ah 5.@

Diagram 3.4 shows the process of inha-ation.

a!ah 5.@ menun!ukkan $roses menarik na#as.

(e) Diaphragm is the $ome=shape$ sheet of musc-e that ino-es in the "reathing

process. #f an acci$ent occurs an$ causes the ri"s sta" to the $iaphragm% e,p-ain the

possi"i-ity effects to a person.

)ia#ragma meru$akan ke$ingan otot berbentuk kubah 'ang terlibat dalam $roses

$erna#asan. Jika seseorang terlibat dalam kemalangan di mana tulang rusukn'a

telah ter7u7uk ke$ada dia#ragma* terangkan kesan 'ang mungkin berlaku.

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SULIT

>hest e,pan$

)ada mengembang

Diaphragm contracts

)ia$hragm menge7ut

3 ,e-

!


10/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 11

4551/2

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[! marks]

[( markah]

. Diagram .1 shows the regu-ation of "-oo$ g-ucose -ee-.

a!ah ?." menun!ukkan $engawalaturan aras gula darah.

Diagram 3.1

a!ah 5."

(a) (i) 5ame organ A an$ hormone .

&amakan organ > dan hormon :.

?rgan A2 ..................................................................................................................

/ormone 2 ..............................................................................................................

[! marks]

[( markah]

(ii) +,p-ain why "-oo$ g-ucose -ee- rises.

/erangkan menga$a aras gula darah meningkat.



SULIT

Total A3

1!

,a-,i-

!

-oo$ g-ucose rises

>ras glukosa darah

meningkat

5orma- "-oo$ g-ucose -ee-

>ras glukosa darah normal

#s-et ce--s in organ A is

stimu-ate$ to secrete hormone

el Aslet dalam organ >

dirangsang untuk merembes

hormon :


11/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 12

4551/2

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[! marks]

[( markah]

(iii) *he norma- range of "-oo$ g-ucose -ee- in humans is @4=110mg9100m-. +,p-ain

what wi-- happen if our "-oo$ g-ucose -ee- is 60mg9100m-.

Julat normal aras glukosa darah manusia ialah B@""0mgC"00ml. /erangkan

a$akah 'ang akan berlaku !ika aras tersebut ialah 60mgC"00ml.

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[3 marks]

[5 markah]

(") Diagram .! shows a nephron.

a!ah 5.( menun!ukkan ne#ron.

Diagram .!

a!ah ?.(

(i) +,p-ain the process occurs at structure D if a person un$ergoes sport

actiity.

/erangkan $roses 'ang berlaku di struktur ) !ika seseorang melakukan

akti2iti sukan.



SULIT

,a-,ii-

!

,a-,iii-

3

,b-,i-

!

tructure D

truktur )


12/23


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SULIT 13

4551/2

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[! marks]

[( markah]

(c) 'arkinson8s $isease typica--y affects ictim aroun$ age 60. esearch is un$erway to

fin$ a cure for 'arkinson8s $isease "y using stem ce-- transp-antation. +,p-ain "rief-y

the $isease.

Pen'akit Parkinson biasan'a ter!adi $ada mangsa berumur 60 tahun. Ka!ian sedang

di!alankan dengan menggunakan $emindahan sel stemuntuk menda$atkan kaedah

rawatan. /erangkan se7ara ringkas $en'akit tersebut.

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[3 marks]

[5 markah]

.

4. Diagram 4.1 shows fema-e hormona- -ee-s $uring the menstrua- cyc-e.

a!ah @." menun!ukkan aras hormon $erem$uan semasa kitaran haid.

Diagram 4

a!ah @



SULIT

,7-

3

Total A4

1!

*ime($ay)

4asa C hari

ona$otroph

hormones -ee-

>ras hormon

gonadotro#

(ar"itrary unit)

/ormone +

/ormone D

?estrogen

n/ormone B

1


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SULIT 14

4551/2

Diagram 4.1

a!ah @."

(a) (i) ase$ on Diagram 4.1% name hormone D an$ +.

:erdasarkan a!ah @."* namakan hormon ) dan E.

/ormone9ormonD 2 ...............................................................................

/ormone9ormon + 2 ...............................................................................

[! marks][( markah]

(ii) +,p-ain the function of hormone D an$ +.

/erangkan #ungsi hormon ) dan E.

/ormone9ormonD 2 .................................................................................

...................................................................................

/ormone9ormon + 2 .................................................................................

..............................................................................

[! marks]

[( markah]

(iii) e-ate the -ee- of hormon B to changes in thickness of the en$ometrium.

ubungkaitkan aras hormon ; dengan $erubahan dalam ketebalan

endometrium

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[! marks]

[( markah]



SULIT

4 (a-,i-

!

4,a-,ii-

!

4,a-,iii-

!

sperm penetrating oum

s$erma menembusi o2um

oum

formation of two separate em"ryos

$embentukan dua embrio

berasingan

two foetus

dua #etus

uterus

ceri,

ser2iks

serik


14/23


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SULIT 15

4551/2

Diagram 4.!

a!ah @.(

Diagram 4.1 shows the formation of i$entica- twins.

a!ah @." menun!ukkan $embentukan kembar seiras.

(") (i) *he pro$uction of sperm an$ oum occurs through a ce-- $iision process.

tate the process.

Penghasilan s$erma dan o2um berlaku melalui $roses $embahagian sel.

&'atakan $roses tersebut.

..................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

[1markah]

(ii) *here are two main types of twins "ase$ on their mo$e of formation% one of it

is shown in Diagram 4.!. tate the other types of the twins an$ two

$ifferences "etween the twins in ta"-e "e-ow.

/erda$at dua !enis kembar berdasarkan mod $embentukan* salah satun'a

se$erti ditun!ukkan dalam a!ah @.(. &'atakan !enis kembar 'ang kedua dan

$erbe%aan di antara keduan'a dalam !adual di bawah.



SULIT

4,b-,i-

1


15/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 1

4551/2

#$entica- twins

[3 marks]

[5markah]

(c) 7hy are annua- growth rings ery $istinct in woo$ from temperate forests&

4enga$a gelang tahunan $okok dari$ada hutan negara em$at musim sangat !elas+

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[! marks]

[( markah]

Bahagian B

[0 marks]

[?0 markah]

Answer any t%oquestions from this section.

Jawab manamana duasoalan dari$ada bahagian ini.



SULIT

4 ,b-,ii-

3

Total A5

1!

4 ,7-

!


16/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 1!

4551/2

6 Diagram 6.1 shows human $igestie system an$ organs ino-e$ in $igestion.

a!ah 6." menun!ukkan sistem $en7ernaan dan organorgan berkaitan $en7ernaan.

Diagram 6.1

a!ah 6."

(a) +,p-ain how car"ohy$rates are $igeste$ in parts '% an$ in the system.

/erangkan bagaimana karbohidrat di7ernakan di bahagian P* 8 dan di dalam

sistem ini.[10 marks]

["0 markah]

Diagram 6.! shows the hea-th pro"-ems.

a!ah 6.( menun!ukkan masalah kesihatan.



SULIT

'


17/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 1"

4551/2

Diagram 6.!

a!ah 6.(

,a- +,p-ain the $iseases an$ the effects to the person./erangkan $en'akit$en'akit tersebut dan kesann'a.

[10 marks]

["0 markah]

.

@(a) /ere$itary $iseases are $iseases that can "e transmitte$ from parents to their offspring.



SULIT

*hrom"us

/rombus


18/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 1#

4551/2

/aemophi-ia is a here$itary se,=-inke$ $isease. Diagram @ shows the pe$igree of

fami-y in three generations.

Pen'akit genetik ialah $en'akit 'ang diwarisi dari$ada ibu ba$a. emo#ilia ialah

se!enis $en'akit terangkai seks. a!ah B menun!ukkan gambar ra!ah $okok satu

keluarga bagi tiga generasi.

Ceys9petunuk2

/ E Dominant a--e-e >arrier fema-e

>lel dominan Perem$uan $embawa

h E ecessie a--e-e /emophi-ia ma-e

>lel resesi# Delaki hemo#ilia

5orma- fema-e /emophi-ia fema-e

Perem$uan normal Perem$uan emo$hilia

5orma- ma-e

Delaki normal

Diagram @

a!ah B

Brom the $iagram gien% more ma-es are affecte$ with the $iseases compare$ to

fema-es. +,p-ain why it usua--y affects ma-es more than fema-es.

:erdasarkan ra!ah 'ang diberi* lebih ramai lelaki 'ang menda$at $en'akit hemo#ilia

berbanding $erem$uan. /erangkan menga$a $en'akit ini selalun'a terda$at $ada

lelaki berbanding $erem$uan.

[10 marks]

["0 markah]



SULIT


19/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 2$

4551/2

,b- (i) Foh$ has straight hair an$ "-ue eyes. /e marries Aminah who has cur-y hair

an$ "rown eyes. Draw a schematic $iagram to show how their chi-$ wi-- inherit

straight hair an$ "-ue eyes.

4ohd berambut lurus dan bermata biru. )ia berkahwin dengan >minah 'ang

berambut keriting dan bermata gela$. Dukiskan gambar ra!ah skema genetik*

unutk menun!ukkan bagaimana anak mereka mewarisi 7iri rambut lurus dan

bermata biru.

[6 marks]

[6 markah]

(ii) A$ances in the know-e$ge of genetics through research has -e$ to many

$iscoeries that improe the eery$ay -ies of human. #n forensic me$icine% the

use of D5A fingerprinting techniques to i$entify in$ii$ua-s has -e$ to many

crimes "eing so-e$. esi$es% stem ce-- research is another app-ication that can

improe certain $iseases such as -eukemia an$ cancer.

Pengetahuan 'ang mendalam dalam bidang genetik melalui ka!ian telah

menghasilkan bebera$a $enemuan 'ang boleh meningkatkan kehidu$an seharian

manusia. )alam bidang #orensik* $enggunaan teknik $ro#il )&> atau 7a$ !ari

)&> telah men'elesaikan ban'ak kes !ena'ah. elain dari$ada itu* ka!ian sel

stem meru$akan satu lagi a$likasi 'ang boleh merawat $en'akit tertentu se$erti

leukemia dan kanser.

Descri"e the app-icatian of stem ce--s.

uraikan a$likasi sel stem.

[ marks]

[? markah]



SULIT


20/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 21

4551/2

G. Diagram G.1 shows a mangroe swamp ecosystem.

a!ah ." menun!ukkan ekosistem $a'a bakau.

Diagram G.1

a!ah ."

(a) +,p-ain the a$aptations of mangroe p-ants to -ie in mu$$y soi-. .

/erangkan $en'esuaian atau ada$tasi $okok bakau bagi membolehkann'a hidu$ di

kawasan berlum$ur.

[10 marks]["0 markah]

Diagram G.! shows $ifferent organisms ino-e$ in $ifferent interaction respectie-y.

a!ah .( menun!ukkan organism 'ang berbe%a untuk interaksi'ang berbe%a

masing masing.

Diagram G.!

a!ah .(

(") (i) tate an$ e,p-ain the types of interaction.



SULIT

-eguminous p-ant

tumbuhan legum

hizo"ium in root no$u-es

hi%obium dalam nodul akar


21/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 22

4551/2

&'atakan dan terangkan !enis interaksi tersebut.

[4 marks]

[@ markah]

.

Diagram G.3

a!ah .5

(")(ii) tate what pathogen is an$ $escri"e the metho$s of contro--ing the pathogens.

&'atakan a$akah $athogen dan terangkan kaedah mengawaln'a.

[4 marks]

[@ markah]



SULIT

'enici--in 9Penisilin

Penisilin

Acrif-ain9>kri#la2in

Akrifavin

Haccines9 Gaksin

Vaksin

Borma-$ehy$e9Formaldehid

Formaldehid

+,amp-es of su"stances to contro- pathogens

9ontoh bahan untuk mengawal $atogen


22/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 23

4551/2

. Diagram .1 shows human actiities.

a!ah 1." menun!ukkan akti2iti manusia.

Diagram .1

a!ah 1."

(a) (i) +,p-ain the impact of human actiities on the ecosystem.

/erangkan kesankesan akti2iti manusia ke$ada ekosistem.

[10 marks]["0 markah]

(ii) Descri"e ways to oercome the situation as shown in Diagram .1.

uraikan 7ara7ara untuk mengatasi keadaan se$erti a!ah 1.".

[6 marks]

[6 markah]

(") +,p-ain the impact of the thinning of the ozone -ayer an$ g-o"a- warming on the

ecosystem.

/erangkan kesankesan $eni$isan la$isan o%on dan $emanasan global ke$ada

ekosistem.

[ marks]

[? markah]



SULIT


23/23


For ExaminersUse

SULIT 24

4551/2

&'( )* QU&STI)' PAP&R

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT


4551/2

Trial Pahang Biologi SPM 2014 K2

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