Trends in Livestock Production and Consumption - Michael Appleby, Chief Scientific Advisor, World...

World Society for the Protection of Animals

to animals, people and environment

Mike ApplebyChief scientific adviser

Animal welfare matters


Climate change

• Livestock sector responsible for 18% of greenhouse gas emissions

• Meat and milk production projected to double by 2050

FAO 2006

World Society for the Protection of AnimalsWorld meat production

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Mil

lio

n t

on

nes Developing, pig+chicken

Developing, cow+sheep

Developed, pig+chicken

Developed, cow+sheepPig farming in South Korea

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Farms

Pigs ('000)


Intensive farming

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

<500 500-1000 1000-2000 >2000

Farm size

Are

a p

er p

ig (

m2 )

Intensive farming

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Wea

ning

age

(d)


Prospects in S. Korea

• Further growth of intensive farming• Environmentally friendly payment scheme

• Reducing manure production• Reducing animal numbers• Reducing antibiotic use


Livestock’s Long Shadow: Systems

• Grazing (> 10% dry feed matter produced on farm, <10 livestock units/ha)

• Rainfed mixed (> 90% non-livestock farm production from rain fed land use)

• Irrigated mixed (> 10% non-livestock farm production from irrigated land use)

• Landless/industrial (< 10% dry feed matter produced on farm, >10 livestock units/ha)


Intensiveness

Years


Five Freedoms

• Freedom from hunger and thirst • Freedom from discomfort • Freedom from pain, injury, disease • Freedom to express normal behaviour

• Freedom from fear and distress

UK’s Farm Animal Welfare Council


Sustainable livestock production

• Ecologically sound, economically viable, socially just and humane

Problems and solutions depend on:• Numbers of animals• Type of animals (ruminants vs others)• Management: housing, feeding, manure treatment • Processing, transport

• Ecological

• Economical

• Ethical


Climate change & sustainability

Human healthPoverty &

hunger reduction

Animal management

Disaster management

Social development


A billion of the world’s poorest people depend on animals for food, income, social status or cultural identification, as well as companionship and security


Taking the arguments seriously

EU• Animal Welfare Action Plan Intergovernmental organizations

• International Finance Corporation• UN Food & Agriculture Org.

- Good Agricultural Practices- Capacity building

• OIE- Animal welfare standards

• WTO ?


Climate change & sustainability

Human healthPoverty &

hunger reduction

Animal management

Disaster management

Social development

Animal neglectnegative effects

Animal carepositive effects

Trends in Livestock Production and Consumption - Michael Appleby, Chief Scientific Advisor, World...

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