1 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Trends in ITS – Overview, Challenges Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger

University of Leeds, Institute for Transport Studies, England

February 25th 2015

BMVBS (2012)

2 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Content

Introduction

Trends in ITS

Role of ITS architecture

Challenges and conclusion

BMVBS (2012)

3 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

(1) International and national guidelines for telematics

and ITS architectures in road traffic

Reports of the German Federal Highway Research Institute

(BASt), Vol. F79 (2011) http://bast.opus.hbz-nrw.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=585&la=de

(2) Report on existing and planned ITS in Germany**

Basis of German ITS Initial Report (BMVBS 2011),

Referred to: 17(1), Directive 2010/40/EU http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/its/road/action_plan/doc/2011_its_initial_report_germany.pdf

(3) Identification and analysis of measures for

the German National ITS Action Plan**

Basis of the German ITS Action Plan (BMVBS 2012) http://www.bmvbs.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/LA/ivs-im-strassenverkehr.html

Introduction

Related Research Projects at TU Darmstadt

Source: www.bmvbs.de

Source: www.europa.eu

Source: www.bast.de

** cooperation with TU Munich: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Fritz Busch

4 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

In Europe as well as in Germany ITS is considered as a key factor for a

safe and sustainable transport system. Promotion of the development of

ITS by the European Union and the German federal Government: e. g. ITS guideline 2010/40/EU, EU Action Plan COM(2008) 886, German ITS Action Plan

Use of technology is necessary for flexible using infrastructure and

transport means as well as for coping with the increasing complexity of

traffic management

ITS is expected to contribute significantly to coping with increasing

traffic volumes

The ITS market is characterized by a rapid and dynamic

evolution. Also for the future this trend will not be changed

Introduction

Lots of Initiatives

5 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Introduction

Basic Principle of ITS

Source: BASt (2012)

6 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Introduction

Typical Functional Areas (see ISO 14813) Functional area Description

Traveller information Provision of both static and dynamic information about the transport network to users,

including modal options and transfers.

Traffic management and

operations

The management of the movement of vehicles, travellers and pedestrians throughout

the road transport network.

Vehicle services Enhancement of safety, security and efficiency in vehicle operations, by warnings and

assistances to users or control vehicle operations.

Freight transport The management of commercial vehicle operations, freight and fleet management, and

activities that expedite the authorization process for cargo at national and jurisdictional

boundaries and expedite cross-modal transfers for authorized cargo.

Public transport Operation of public transport services and the provision of operational information to the

operator and user, including multi-modal aspects.

Emergency Services delivered in response to incidents that are categorized as emergencies.

Transport-related electronic

payment

Transactions and reservations for transport-related services.

Road transport-related personal

safety

Protection of transport users including pedestrians and vulnerable users.

Weather and environmental

conditions monitoring

Activities that monitor and notify weather and environmental conditions.

Disaster response management

and coordination

Road transport-based activities in response to natural disasters, civil disturbances or

terror attacks.

National security Activities that directly protect or mitigate physical or operational harm to persons and

facilities due to natural disasters, civil disturbances or terror attacks. Sourc

e: Lotz

-Keens (

2012)

7 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

…has to serve the fulfillment of specific goals

Typical traffic related goals refer to:

Accidents, pollution, noise, capacity, traffic flow, …

congestion, more efficient use of capacity, …

30% of urban traffic is drivers looking for parking, …

Background factors

urbanisation, increasing spatial disparity, aging society

Increasing environmental protection and regulation

Recent drivers for the development of ITS

Satellite navigation, mobile communications networks, internet,

smartphones and other nomadic devices

Introduction

Use of ITS…

8 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Sourc

e: w

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.com

Trends in ITS

Internet of Things

9 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Sourc

e: w

ww

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plio

.com

Trends in ITS

Individualisation of ITS

10 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Sourc

e: w

ww

.sym

plio

.com

Trends in ITS

New World?

11 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Ride sharing platforms blur the boundary between public transport and

individual transport (e. g. Uber, Lyft)

Services predict your behavior, e. g. when you will leave your parking

space (see ParkTAG )

Multimodal journey planners (e.g. qixxit.de, moovel.com)

Free floating carsharing (e. g. Car2go, DriveNow)

Careful: often, the main idea of shared economy is making money

Trends in ITS

Some New Services

www.moovel.com www.qixxit.de www.lyft.com www.uber.com www.parktag.mobi www.waze.com

12 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Increasing demand for ITS: Growing traffic volumes require a flexible

use of traffic infrastructure, traffic routes become increasingly difficult to

expand and augment

Data are the „oil“ of the 21st century

Requirements for new services. Remember urbanisation, increasing

spatial disparity, aging society

New aims for services: e. g. influencing the modal choice behaviour

Trends in ITS (1)

13 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Fast technological progress. ITS are enhanced very quickly, increasing

dissemination of ITS (e. g. Smartphones)

More data available and new technologies:

(e. g. Open Government Data Initiative of European Commission),

Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things, Social Media…

Vision is a smart transport network

New technologies permit merging and processing of heterogenous

data in real time

New technologies support/replace existing one‘s: e.g. real time traffic

information are produced for lower costs and with higher quality by using

FCD then by using loop detectors

Trend towards individualisation of ITS services

New actors on the market. Cooperation between privat actors and public

authorities is of increasing importance

Trends in ITS (2)

14 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Trends in ITS

Floating Car Data (FCD)

Source: O. Kannenberg: TomTom Traffic Products & Services. Präsentation.

MDM-Nutzerkonferenz, Berlin, November 2014

15 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Quelle: Gal-Tzur et al. (2014). In: Transport Policy 32 (2014) 115-123

Trends in ITS

User Generated Data, e. g. Social Media

16 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Intermodal services are of increasing demand. The requirements for

traffic management become more complex

Increasing demand for individualized traffic management as well as

the integration with collective traffic management

Door2Door services as well as indoor navigation are of increasing

demand. The integration of ITS services from different providers in

real time is required (Multiprovider mobility management)

Young people want to use transport means rather than owning them

Cooperative applications become used regularly in practice

Autonomous applications need time for a regular implementation:

modification of liability law, license regulation necessary

Trends in ITS (3)

17 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Trends in ITS

Intermodal ITS

Source: J. Meier-Berberich, M. Raupp. Stuttgart Services, Intelligent vernetzte, nachhaltige und einfache Elektromobilität um urbane

Angebote für die Region Stuttgart zu ergänzen. In: Internationales Verkehrswesen, 1|2014

18 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Sourc

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Trends in ITS

Intermodal ITS

19 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

DB AG: DIMIS 2013

Trends in ITS

Door2Door Services

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Privacy,

Security

Organisation Integration

Trends in ITS

Legal Issues

§ § ? ? ? §

21 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Budgetary deficits of public authorities

Long investment cycles

Federal structures

(too) little pressure to succed for public authorities

Market economy related goals

Trends in ITS

Other Issues

22 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Trends in ITS

New Navigation Algorithms

A

B.2

B.1

C

Source: www.graphmasters.net

23 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Trends in ITS

Example of Beijing (1)

Source: www.graphmasters.net

24 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Trends in ITS

Example of Beijing (2)

Source: www.graphmasters.net

25 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Lack of strategic guidelines for the implementation of ITS

Missing awareness for the benefits of a common ITS architecture

Missing willingness for the application of strategic guidelines

Lack of Interoperability

Huge number of „islands of technology“. Also throughout Europe (Kallas

2011, Eurotransport 2013)

Many countries have established National ITS architectures since a long

time: e. g. US-NITSA: 1996, European ITS Framework Architecture: 2000

The efficent planning an operating of transport infrastructure is crucial in

times of globalisation and intensified competition between countries and

regions

Role of ITS Architecture

Background in Germany

For planning and operating integrated ITS particularly

National ITS architectures provide essential benefits

26 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Planning of Systems:

Uniform planning procedure

Promotion of interoperability

Specific quality

Reduced complexity

Indication of improvement

potentials

Identification of standardisation

areas

Enhancement of ITS services

Improvement of communication

between stakeholders

Role of ITS Architecture

Benefits of National ITS Architectures...

According to Busch et al. 2007a, Halbritter et al. 2008, FRAME 2000, PIARC 2004, U.S. Dot 2007, SINTEF

2009, Törönen 2003, Vägverket 2004. Includung own additions

Economic Benefits:

Money - and time savings

Development of a transparent

market for software and hardware

Reduction of development costs

Reduction of Implementation costs

Reduction of costs for operation

and maintenance

Reduction of prices for ITS

Transparent basis for the

promotion of PPP

...for Different Stakeholders

27 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |

Integrated traffic management concepts are required (not single

measures). Also: new drive concepts like e-mobility

Intermodal ITS need to be promoted as well as door2door services

corresponding to user requirements

Heterogenous data need to be merged in real time. In parallel different

actors need to cooperate

Fusion of different data sources is key issue for coping with complex

traffic situations

Crucial issues have to be considered carefully, e. g. privacy, financing

ITS architecture needs to be promoted

Support and cooperation of all stakeholders is crucial

Challenges and Conclusion