Trend´s ATM Guide - Ring of Saturnnetworking.ringofsaturn.com/Protocols/ATM_Quick_Ref.pdf · 3G...

ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set up

UMTS test, UMTS testing, UMTS installation, UMTS maintenancexDSL test, xDSL testing, xDSL installation, xDSL maintenance

Quick Reference for ATM testing

Figure 1 ATM Cell format

123456···

53

GFC VPIVPI

VCI

PTI CLPHEC

Payload

VPIVPI

VCI

PTI CLPHEC

Payload

UNI Format NNI Formatbyte

VPs VCs

y

kR b

M cl

D ai

VPs VCs

Cell Stream

yk Rb

Mcl

Di

Figure 2 Hierarchical representation of VP and VC and reserved VPI/VCI values

Physical

aMedia

* For VPI=0 the specific VCI is reserved for signalling with the local exchange or ATM switch where the user is connected. For VPI values other than 0 specific VCI value is reserved for signalling with other signalling entities (e.g. other users or remote networks)

Function VPI VCI PTI CLPUnassigned 0 0 any 0Invalid <> 0 0 any 0Idle 0 0 0 1Metasignaling UNI *any 1 0xx anyBroadcast UNI *any 2 any anySegment OAM F4 any 3 0xx anyE2E OAM F4 any 4 0x0 anyP2P Signaling *any 5 0xx anyVP Management any 6 110 anyILMI 0 16 z anyPNNI 0 18 0 anySegment OAM F5 any not 0, 3, 4, 6 or 7 100 anyE2E OAM F5 any not 0, 3, 4, 6 or 7 101 anyVC Management any not 0, 3, 4, 6 or 7 110 anyUser data any > 31 0xx any

Cd

ac Hb

Figure 3 ATM switch operation: a) VP-type b) VC-type

InOut

InOut

InOut

A

B

C

H

In

inout

Port VPI VCIK i jL m n

Out

InOut

InOut

h

g

f

e

a

d

a) b)

B dcH bcA a

Bdc Hbc Aa

C fe

E hD g

inout

Port VPI VCIK y -L z -

Trend´s ATM Guide

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AuroraForteA powerful tool for testing the Physical, ATM and IP layer operation of ATM circuits. Provides IMA, E1, E3, DS1, DS3, ATM25, STM1/OC3 and STM4/OC12 interfaces for unparalleled multi-circuit testing ATM, xDSL and 3G networks. Physical and ATM BER testing is provided. Advanced features, AAL5, OAM, QoS, SVC support and IP Ping over ATM, protocol decoding and remote testing, analysis of IP traffic composition.

VictoriaSDH/ATM/IPThis family of testers combines full SDH/SONET features up to 2.5 Gbit/s and ATM capabilities up to 155Mbit/s. Transmission functions include TCM, APS, M/N alarms G.783 sequences, frequency deviation and nx64 and Nx56kbit/s tests at E1 and DS1 levels. ATM features include generation and analysis of ATM flows,QoS, OAM flows, generating and analysing AAL1, AAL2, AAL5, and also provides analysis of IP traffic composition.

SLA


TETE

VPI/VCI=B/b

VPI/VCI=A/a

VPI/VCI=C/b

VPI/VCI=E/cVPI/VCI=D/bIn VPI/VCI Out VPI/VCI1 A / a 2 B / b

In VPI/VCI Out VPI/VCI1 B / - 3 C / -

In VPI/VCI Out VPI/VCI2 C / - 3 D / -

In VPI/VCI Out VPI/VCI2 D / b 3 E / c

Figure 4 Direction of allocating VPI/VCI identifiers

VPSwitch

VPSwitch

VCSwitch VC

Switch

VCVP switch

NNIUNI NNI

VC

VP

NNI

VPVP VP VP VP

VC VC

VC switch VC switch

UNI

TE TEVirtual channel link

Figure 5 Virtual channel connection and virtual path connection

Virtual path linkVCI=b

VPI=C

VCI=c

VPI=E

VCI=a

VPI=A VPI=B VPI=D

Virtual Channel Connection (VCC)

Virtual Path Connection (VPC)

TE Terminal equipment

VC SwitchTE VC Switch TE

Figure 6 Layers and planes implemented in terminal equipment (TE) and switches

Management

User

ATM Layer

Physical Layer

Control

SAAL

Plane

Plane

Plane

Layer

Signaling

Management

User

AAL

ATM Layer

Physical Layer

Control

SAAL

Plane

Plane

Plane

Layer Layer

HigherLayers (Q.2931)

SignalingUser

ATM Layer

Physical Layer

Control

SAAL

Plane

Plane

Plane

Layer

Signaling

Management

User

AAL

ATM Layer

Physical Layer

Control

SAAL

Plane

Plane

Plane

Layer Layer

HigherLayers

Signaling(Q.2931)

AAL ATM Adaptation Layer SAAL Signal ATM Adaptation Layer???

SLA


Figure 7 ATM process for transmission

AAL 1

AAL 2

AAL 3/4

AAL 5

Data

Low

Sources

Low-rate

Voice,

AAL Layer ATM Layer

48-byte

+++++

Slots Header

548

Fiber

Coaxial

STP

UTPFrames

Slots

ATM cells

Wireless

channels

Overhead

Video

Physical LayerPayload

53 bytes

STP Shielded Twisted PairUTP Unshielded Twisted Pair

CS-PDU

SAR-PDU

ATM-PDU

ATM-PDU

ATM-PDU

ATM-PDU

AAL-SAP

PL-SAP

AAL

ATM

Physical Layer

ATM-SAP

AAL-SAP

SAR-PDU

SAR-PDU

SAR-PDU

ATM-SAP

Continuous

48 bytes

53 bytes

Con

verg

ence

n bytes

ATM-PDU

ATM-PDU

ATM-PDU

User Data

Figure 8 Protocol Data Unit (PDU) exchange between ATM layers

Stream

Seg

men

tatio

nsu

blay

er&

reas

sem

bly

Packets

Upper Layers

53 bytes

48 bytes

STPSTP

SSCSSSCS

SSCSCID = z

CID = xCID = y

SSCS

CPS

a) AAL2

CPS

AAL-SAP

ATM-SAP ATM-SAP

AAL-SAP

SSCS (or null)

CPCS

SAR

CS

SAR

b) AAL3/4 and AAL5

Figure 9 a) Multiplexing many channels (CIDs) in one ATM connection (AAL2 only)b) Multiplexing structure for AAL3/4 and AAL5

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SLA


Figure 10 AAL1 structure

SAR-PDU

48 bytes3

CSI

SN SNP

PCRCSC3 11

bytes

bits

Figure 11 AAL2 format

CPS STF

CPS-SDU

Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4

CID

CPS-SDU CPS-SDU

PayloadHeader

CID=x CID=y CID=x CID=xm, n, o, p, ...

m+3, n+3,....

48

53

Size (bytes)

LI UUI HEC0 7 13 18 23

CPS-SDU

OSF SN0

Pbits 6 7

CPS-PDU CPS-PDU CPS-PDUCPS-PDU

bits

PayloadHeader

PayloadHeader

Padding

CPS Common Part SublayerSTF Start Field

Figure 12 AAL3/4 format

CS-PDU:

SAR-PDU:

CPI BT BA user data AL ET LENn bytes

head trail

P

BOM COM EOM

ST SN MID

SDU

1 1 2

6

bytes 1 1 2

head trailSDU head trailSDU

LI CRC106 4 10bits

...2 44 2

AL Alignment COM Continuation of Message LEN Length SDU Service Data UnitBA Buffer Allocation Size CPI Common Part Indicator LI Length Indicator SN Sequence NumberBOM Beginning of Message EOM End of Message MID Multiplex Identifier ST Segment TypeBT Burst Tolerance ET End Tag P Padding

Figure 13 AAL5 format

User data CPI LI CRC

1 to 65,535

header 5

CS-PDU:

SAR-PDU:

PAD

BOM EOM

UU

1 2 0-47

. . .COM

PTI=xx0 PTI=xx0 PTI= xx1

PT payloadpayload

1 bytes

. . .

PT payloadPT

4

48

SLA


a0 a1 a2 a3

1-CDV

T=1/PCR T=1/PCR T=1/PCR

t

1-CDV1-CDV

1-CDV = ck - ak

Figure 14 Representation of the 1-CDV and 2-CDV parameters

Cell transmission

c0 c1 c2 c3

c0 c1 c2

CTD0 CTD1

c0c1 c2

CTD2

2-CDV1 = CTD1 - CTD02-CDV2 = CTD2 - CTD0

ttx

trx

Cell reception

VCI=4VCI=3

Segmented gener.

Processing

User Data

VC la

yer

VP layer

VPI=X VPI=Z

VCI=3

VP switch

VP/VC switchVP/VC switch

VCI=4 VCI=4

VP layer

F4 flow

Figure 15 End-to-end and segmented F4 flows in a supervised VPC

End-to-end gener.

VP la

yer

VCs

VP/VC Switch

End device

VP/VC Switch

VPI=X

VCI=n

AAL l

ayer

VPI=W VPI=Z

VCI=m VCI=m VCI=qVCI=nVCI=q

PTI=100PTI=101

End device

End-to-end gener.

Segmented gener.

Processing

PTI=100

Other VPs

Figure 16 End-to-end and segmented F5 flows transmitted across the monitored VCC

VPI=X

VCI=n

VP la

yer

VC la

yer

VPI=W VPI=Z

VCI=m VCI=m VCI=qVCI=n VCI=q

PTI=100PTI=101

PTI=101

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Figure 17 Generating VP-AIS/RDI and VC-AIS/RDI type OAM cells

Event detectionOAM generation

VP-AIS

End Device

VP-RDI VP-RDI VP-RDI

VC-RDI

VC-AIS

VP SwitchVP/VC SwitchEnd Device VP/VC Switch

Header Type Function Function-Specific Field Reserved CRC 10

Payload

4 4 6 10

45 bytes

bits x10+x9+x5+x4+x+1

Fault type 6Ah1 16 28

OAM structure

AIS and RDIFault location

6AhSource IDLocation ID LoopbackCorrelationLoopback16 16 81 4

TRC16AhTSTTUC1MSCN4 29 21 2

BIP162

TUC02

TRC02

BLER 1

Performancemanagement

6AhPMA-BDirectionMID4bits 336bits6bits 2bits

Correlation8bits

PMB-A4bits

Act/Deactivation

Figure 18 Format of OAM cells

Header SN TS Not used TCPT CRC16 4 4 37 1 2

Figure 19 Format of an O.191 test cell

bytes 5SN Sequence NumberTCPT Test Cell Payload TypeTS Time Stamp

Payload

Header Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS)

5

Header Fixed word defined by the user

Figure 20 Test cell format to measure BER

48

Header Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS)

Header Fixed word defined by the user

Payload

bytes

OAM Type Code Function Code

Faultmanagement 0001

AISRDIContinuityLoopback

0000000101001000

Performancemanagement 0010 FPM

BPM00000001

Activation & deactivation 1000 Performance

Continuity00000001

SLA


ATM

PHY

xDSL

xDSL

DSLAM (xTU-C)

d Cc

a Ab B

dC c

aAbB

ATM link

Figure 21 Multiplexing ATM in the DSLAM

xTU-R

xTU-R

Local LoopNetworkTermination

EthernetLLC/

PHY

Bridge

SNAP

WLL

ATMATM

SONET/SDH

WLL

ATM

AAL5

E1in/out

PPPEthernet

RFC

CPE1

Base Station

CPE2

LLC

2596

Router

n x 64 kin/out

Ethernet

E1in/out

E1in/out

PHY - WLL

PHY

AAL1AAL1AAL1 AAL1 AAL5

ATM

Figure 22 Structure and protocols for WLL network elements

Air interface

Figure 23 UMTS/3G architecture

NodeB

MSC

SGSN

NodeB

UE

UTRAN

STM-n

STM-n

PRC

SSU

nxE1

Intranet Internet

Uu

Uu

IP backbone

ISDN PSTN

VLR

EIR

HLR

DNS

DHCP

NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

GSM

Optical Core

Uu

Uu

Uu

Uu

Uu

Uu

VLR

MSC MGWRNC

RNC

2 Mbit/s

AUC

OMC

NMC

GGSN

ATM

STM-1ATM

ATM

Iub

nxE1

E3

ATM

ATM

nxE1UE

UE

155 Mbit/s

RNS

GPRS

QoS enabled

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TrendCommunications

[email protected]

Americas: +1 256 461 0790

España:

UK:

Deutschland:

France:India:

93 300 33 13

01628 524977

089 32 3009-0

01 69 35 54 7022 8597 463/4

web:mail:

Trend Communications Ltd.Knaves Beech EstateLoudwater, High WycombeBuckinghamshire HP10 9QZ UK

More information in:Installation and Maintenance of SDH/SONET,

2003 (c) Artech House, ISBN:1580535259 ATM, XDSL, and Synchronization Networks.

ATM test ATM testing ATM installation ATM maintenance ATM pocket guide ATM reference ATM solutions3G test, 3G testing, 3G installation, 3G maintenance, 3G commissioning, 3G Set upAcronyms

1-CDV One point Cell Delay Variation PM Performance Monitoring2-CDV Two point Cell Delay Variation PNNI Private Network-Network Interface¶AAL ATM Adaption Layer, can be divided

into CS and SARPTI Payload Type Indicator - 0xx: user

data, x0x: No congestion; x1x: Congestion; xx0: BOM, xx1:EOM

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode PVC Permanent Virtual CircuitBIP Bit Interleaved Parity QoS Quality of ServiceBLER Block Error Result RNC Radio Network ControllerCID Channel Identifier RNS Radio Network Subsystem CLP Cell Loss Priority SAP Service Access PointCPCS Common Part CS SAR Segmentation and ReassemblyCPI Common Part Indicator SC Sequence count.CPS Common Part Sublayer SDU Service Data UnitCS Convergence Sublayer, can be

divided into SSCS and CPCSSN Sequence Number

CSI Convergence Sublayer Indicator SNAP Subnetwork Access ProtocolCTD Cell Tansfer Delay SNP Sequence Number ProtectionE2E End to End SSCS Service Specific CSGFC Generic Flow Control SSUGPRS General Packet Radio Service STF Start FieldHEC Header Error Control SVC Switched Virtual ConnectionILMI Interim Local Management Interface TRC Total Received Cell CountLI Length Indicator TST Time StampLLC Logical Link Control TUC Total User Cell NumberMID Message Identifier UNI User-Network InterfaceMSCN Monitoring Cell Sequence Number UTRAN Universal Mobile Telecommunications

SystemNNI Network-to-Network Interface UUI User-to-User Indication OAM Operation, Administration, and

MaintenanceVCC Virtual Channel Connection

OSF Operation System Function VCI Virtual Channel IdentifierP2P Point to point VPC Virtual Path ConnectionPAD or P

Padding PAD Padding used to cell align

VPI Virtual Path Identifier

PCR Peak Cell Rate WLL Wireless Local LoopPDU Protocol Data Unit

Trend´s ATM Guide - Ring of Saturnnetworking.ringofsaturn.com/Protocols/ATM_Quick_Ref.pdf · 3G...

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