TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE PASSIVE AND ACTIVE TRANSPORTTRANSPORT

►TYPES OF PASSIVE TRANSPORTTYPES OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT Diffusion (movt. of materials)Diffusion (movt. of materials) Facilitated diffusion (use of transport Facilitated diffusion (use of transport

protein)protein) Osmosis (water)Osmosis (water) Filtration (i.e. liver and kidneys)Filtration (i.e. liver and kidneys)

►ALL MOVE FROM REGION OF HIGH ALL MOVE FROM REGION OF HIGH CONCENTRATION TO LOW…AND ALL CONCENTRATION TO LOW…AND ALL DON’T REQUIRE ENERGY!!DON’T REQUIRE ENERGY!!

REMEMBER DIFFUSION?

FACILITATED DIFFUSION

OSMOSIS

FILTRATION

Diffusion in the Human Body

Main transport of nutrients in the human body is through the blood system

Nutrients pass from blood vessels to body cells due to a concentration gradient that forms (b/c of lower concentration of nutrients in the cell, nutrients diffuse from blood vessels to cell).

DIFFUSION – DID YOU KNOW

• Our eyes need oxygen, yet there are very few blood vessels (carriers of oxygen) around the eye…

•As a result, blood diffuses from the air directly into the eye through the cornea

•In places with dirty atmosphere (smoke, dust), your eyes dry out because of lack of oxygen

HOW MEDICINES REACH OUR CELLS

• For pills taken orally…– We swallow the pill– The medicine diffuses out of the capsule and

into the stomach– The medicine is absorbed into lining of

stomach and then bloodstream

• Patch– Medicine diffuses into skin then into

bloodstream

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

1) REQUIRES ENERGY (ATP)2) MOVEMENT FROM LOW

CONCENTRATION TO HIGH (AGAINST GRADIENT)

• Did you know…when you sleep you use between 30 and 40% of your total energy budget for active transport

• Helps kidneys reabsorb materials, muscle contract, and nerves to carry impulses

How It Works

• Concentration of Na ions outside nerve cell is much greater than concentration of K ions inside cell…Why?