TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN LIVING ORGANISM - WordPress.com · A. 1. Water Transport •Water liquid matter...
Transcript of TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN LIVING ORGANISM - WordPress.com · A. 1. Water Transport •Water liquid matter...
A. 1. Water Transport
• Water liquid matter
• Affected by environment▫ Moist condition = in
TRANSPIRATION
▫ Moist condition = in
▫ Dry condition = out
• Soil plant cell = diff [ ]
• Concentration?
• Solute move from [high] [low] = diffusion
• Solvent move from [low] [high] = osmosis
Semipermeable membrane
Semipermeable Membrane
• Certain molecule, such as water
• As traffic control
• Ex: cell membrane• Ex: cell membrane
From root to leaves?
• Capillarity of the stem Capillary pipe
Affected by cohesion and adhesion Affected by cohesion and adhesion
• Leaves surface tension▫ Transpiration
▫ Used by leaves pull water from xylem
Human Circulatory System
• Carry?
• Consist of:▫ Blood circulation▫ Blood circulation
▫ Lymphatic system Lymphatic organs
Lymphatic vessels
B.1.1 RBC
• 5-6 million/ mm3
• Form in bone marrow
• Round, flat
• Don’t have any nucleus
• biconcave
• Oxygen transported into all cells
• In cell oxygen is de-attached from Hb
• Absorbed by diffusion• Absorbed by diffusion
• RBC reformation billirubin (in liver)
1. 2. WBC
• Have nucleus
• Irregular shape
• Movement = amoeboid• Movement = amoeboid
• Can go through blood vessel = diapedesis
• 5.000-10.000/mm3
• form in bone marrow, lymph, limfe
Type of WBC
Name of Leucocyte Function
Monocyte Eat germs that enter our body
Neutrophil Eat germs that enter our body
Lymphocyte Make antibodyLymphocyte Make antibody
Basophil Allergy reaction
Eusinophil Allergy reaction, esp. worm
B.1.2. WBC
• Lymphocyte▫ Lypmh
▫ Round shape-nucleus
▫ Cytoplasm don’t have any granule
▫ Make antibody
• Phagocyte▫ Bone marrow
▫ Irregular shape
▫ Can flow fr blood vessel
▫ Have nucleus
B.1.3. Platelets
• Produced by Red bone marrow
• Pinched-off cytoplasmic fragments of specialized bone marrow cellsbone marrow cells
• No nucleus, no granule
• Vary in shape and sizes
• 150-400k/mm3 blood
• For: blood clotting
B.1.4. Blood Plasma
• Mostly water
• Pale yellow
• Contains: • Contains: ▫ Protein
▫ food substance
▫ blood cell
B.1.Blood Type
Blood Type Agglutinogen/Antigen
Agglutinin
A A Anti-B
B B Anti-AB B Anti-A
AB A and B -
O - Anti A and B
B.1. Blood Type-Rhesus
Karl Landsteiner & Alexander Wiener
• Antiserum agglutinate ur blood = Rh+• Antiserum agglutinate ur blood = Rh+
• Can lead serious medical complications
• Mother-fetus incompability
C.1. HEART
• As a pump
• Four parts:▫ Right atrium▫ Right atrium
▫ Left atrium
▫ Right ventricle
▫ Left ventricle
• Left atrium & left ventricle = bicuspid
• Right atrium & right ventricle = tricuspid
cleft Function
?
The Heart
• It is about the size of a closed fist
• It weighs about 300 g
• It is made up of special muscles which contract and relax
• It pumps throughout a lifetime, at • It pumps throughout a lifetime, at about 70 times a minute
The chambers• Atria push blood into ventricles and then
ventricles push blood out of heart.
• Ventricles require greater force force to push blood, so it have thicker walls than atria
• Muscular wall called septum, separates left side and right side and right side
The valves• Atrio-ventricular valves- Lie between atria and
ventricle.- Tricuspid on the right side- Bicuspid on the left side
• Semilunar valves: lie between left ventricle and aorta; between right ventricle and pulmonary arteryartery
They act as doors, ensure blood flow in one direction and prevent it from flowing backwards
Heart work
• Two atrium deflate, two ventricle inflate▫ Blood from atrium to ventricle
• Two ventricle shrivelled, two atrium expanded• Two ventricle shrivelled, two atrium expanded▫ Right ventricle = to lung
▫ Left ventricle = to other parts
▫ From lung = left atrium
▫ Other parts = right atrium
• They take a rest for short time
Rich CO2 (fr
all over the body)
Two vena cava
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Arteripulmonalis
Rich O2 (frlung)
Vena pulmonalis
Left atrium
Left ventricl
eAorta
All over the
body
C.2. Blood Vessel
• Artery▫ Largest = aorta
▫ Bring oxygen rich blood from left ventricle to all ▫ Bring oxygen rich blood from left ventricle to all over the body
▫ Smaller vessel = arteries
▫ Smallest vessel = capillary vessel
• Vein
The blood vessels• Blood vessels form a network of tubes to bring
blood around our body.
• 2+1 types of blood vessels
Blood pressure
• 120/80
• 120 systole▫ Ventricle contracts▫ Ventricle contracts
• 80 diastole▫ Ventricle relaxes
A. Pulmonary Circulation
• Heart – lungs – heart1. to the superior and inferior
vena cava,vena cava,2. then to the right atrium3. through the tricuspid valve4. to the right ventricle5. through the pulmonic valve6. to the pulmonary artery7. to the lungs
B. Systemic Circulation
• Heart – all over the body – heart
The blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, and then flows from the lungs:lungs:1. to the pulmonary veins2. to the left atrium3. through the mitral valve4. to the left ventricle5. through the aortic valve6. to the aorta7. to the body
3. Anemia: erythrocytes < normal
•Men < 13,5 g/100ml•Women < 12 g/100ml• caused by either a decrease
in production of red blood cells or hemoglobin, or an increase in loss or destruction of red blood
4. Sickle Cell Anemia
• Hemoglobin becomes defective and causes the RBC to change the shape
• Normal HgbA sickle HgbS
destruction of red blood cells.
6. Leukemia = cancer of the blood cells
When you have leukemia, the bone marrow starts to make a lot of abnormal white blood cells, called leukemia cells. They don't do the work of normal white blood cells. They grow faster than normal cells, and they don't stop growing when they should.
• 11. arteriosclerosis: thickening and loss of elasticity in the arterial wall.
• 12. Atherosclerosis: plaque (plak) builds up inside arteries. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood.
13. Heart Attack• Myocardinal infaction• Unthreated atherosclerosis• The damage or death of cardiac
muscle tissue resulting from blockage of one or more coronary arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart musclemuscle
14. Stroke
• the death of nervous tissue in the brain due to a lack of O
• result from rupture or blockage of arteries in the head
11. arteriosclerosis: blockage of artery caused by calcium
12. Atherosclerosis: blockage of artery caused by 12. Atherosclerosis: blockage of artery caused by fat