Transmission-Experiment-1.docx

7/25/2019 Transmission-Experiment-1.docx

1/6

University of the East - Caloocan

College of Engineering

ECE Department

Characteristic Impedance and SignalPropagation in Transmission Line

Experiment No. 1

Submitted By: Submitted To:

BALAN, IRVIN AUSTIN C. ENGR. EDELITO A. HANDIG

Name of Student Name of Instructor

20!!"0##$ NEC #" % 2 ECT

Student Number Section

D&te o' (e)'o)m&*+e: D&te o' Submiio*:

-u*e 2, 20 -u/y 0#, 20


2/6

Di+uio*:

In this 1stexperiment which is about the characteristic impedance and signal

propagation in transmission line, we performed the first part which is the characteristicimpedance of balanced and unbalanced transmission line. For characteristic impedance of

balanced transmission line, b following the procedures, the specified characteristic impedance

is !"" ohms. #e measured the diameter of one of its conductor using the $ernier caliper and

base in our measurement, our diameter of conductor id ".%& millimeters. #e measured also the

center'to'center distance between two conductors and we got the distance of (."& millimeters.

Next, we computed for the characteristic impedance using the gi)en formula and we got *+!.-

ohms. astl, we computed for the percentage error and we got 1(.-(/.

For part 1 letter 0 which is about the characteristic impedance of unbalanced

transmission line, the specified characteristic impedance for thic coax line is %& ohms. #e

measured the diameter of the inner conductor using the $ernier caliper and base in our

measurement, our diameter of the inner conductor is 1.1 millimeters. #e measured also the

diameter of the outer conductor and we got &.*& millimeters. Next, we computed for the

characteristic impedance using the gi)en formula and our computed characteristic impedance is

&.*+ ohms. #e also computed for the percentage error and we got *1."1/. In thin coax line,

the specified characteristic impedance is %& ohms. 2ur diameter of the inner conductor is ".%&

millimeters. #e also measured the diameter of the outer conductor which is *.( millimeters.

Next, using the gi)en formula again, our computed characteristic impedance is +.! ohms.

astl, for percentage error, we got !!.+%/.

For part *, it is about the signal propagation. In letter 3 which is about

propagation speed, both thin and thic coax ha)e the same dielectric material and dielectric

constant which is polstrene with the )alue of *.& while for twin lead, it is polethlene with the

)alue of *.*%. In terms of )elocit factor and propagation speed, both thin and thic coax ha)e

the same )alues of ".-!*& and 1(.%& x 106

while for twin lead, it has the )alue of )elocit

factor of ".--!% and propagation speed of 1.11 x 106

. In letter 0 which is about DC signal

propagation, our input )oltage is !.&"! $. For twin lead and thic coax, both 1" meters and 1

meter, ha)e the same )alues of output )oltage, )oltage difference and loss in d0 which are

!.&"! $, " $ and " d0 respecti)el. #hile in thin coax, for 1" meters, the output )oltage is !.& $,

)oltage difference is ".""! $ and loss in d0 is 4 %.++1 while for 1 meter, output )oltage is!.&"! $, )oltage difference is " $ and loss in d0 is " d0. In letter C which is about length of the

line, our signal fre5uenc are 1" 678, 1 678, +-.&* 678 and 1"* 678, so our signal

wa)elength are !" meters, !"" meters, -.+& meters and *.+ meters respecti)el. For 1"

meters twin lead, 1" meters thic coax and 1" meters thin coax, 1" 678 and 1 678 are both

short while in +-.&* 678 and 1"* 678 are both long. In letter D which is about wa)e

propagation, our input )oltage is *(( m$ and fre5uenc of 1" 678. For twin lead, our output

)oltage for 1" meters is *&- m$ and !1- m$ for 1 meter, our )oltage difference for meters is %*


3/6

m$ and 1* m$ for 1 meter and loss in d0 for 1" meters is '*.1&*- d0 and 4 ".!*!% d0 for 1

meter. For thic coax, our output )oltage for 1" meters is *%- m$ and !1o m$ for 1 meter, our

)oltage difference for meters is &* m$ and 1( m$ for 1 meter and loss in d0 for 1" meters is

'1.+! d0 and 4 ".+"* d0 for 1 meter. astl, for thin coax, our output )oltage for 1" meters is

*-- m$ and *"% m$ for 1 meter, our )oltage difference for meters is -* m$ and *1 m$ for 1

meter and loss in d0 for 1" meters is '1.(( d0 and 4 ".&%+% d0 for 1 meter. In letter E which isabout phase shift in wa)e propagation, our input )oltage is *"" m$. For 1" meters twin lead, we

ha)e a fre5uenc of !.1 678 with output )oltage of -"" m$ and phase shift of *% degrees and

&- degrees, for fre5uenc -!.+ 978, we ha)e the output )oltage of +(( m$ and phase shift of

1!. degrees and 1% degrees and for fre5uenc of *-.% 978, we ha)e the output )oltage of

!-" m$ and phase shift of +.*% degrees and &.!- degrees. For 1" meters thic coax, we ha)e a

fre5uenc of !.1 678 with output )oltage of "+ m$ and phase shift of 1!!.* degrees and

&(.(* degrees, for fre5uenc -!.+ 978, we ha)e the output )oltage of +(( m$ and phase shift

of *+.*( degrees and 1(.*( degrees and for fre5uenc of *-.% 978, we ha)e the output

)oltage of !-" m$ and phase shift of (.&+ degrees and &.-! degrees. For 1" meters thin coax,

we ha)e a fre5uenc of !.1 678 with output )oltage of 1-( m$ and phase shift of **.!*

degrees and &(.(* degrees, for fre5uenc -!.+ 978, we ha)e the output )oltage of +(" m$

and phase shift of 1%.!+ degrees and 1(.*( degrees and for fre5uenc of *-.% 978, we ha)e

the output )oltage of !-" m$ and phase shift of +.*% degrees and &.-! degrees.


4/6

Co*+/uio*:

3s we finished this experiment, I therefore conclude that if the characteristic

impedance of the transmission line and the load impedance are e5ual, energ from thetransmitter will tra)el down the transmission line to the antenna with no power loss caused b

reflection. characteristic impedance is also nown as natural impedance and it refers to the

e5ui)alent resistance of a transmission line if it were infinitel long, attribute to distributed

capacitance and inductance as the )oltage and current wa)es propagate along its length at a

propagation )elocit e5ual to some large fraction of light speed. In this experiment, twin lead

has the larger )alue of characteristic impedance of !"" ohms compared to )alues of both thic

and thin coax line which are %& ohms. In terms of the diameter of one of their conductor, twin

lead has the smallest si8e of ".%& millimeters while thic and thin coax line ha)e 1.1 millimeters

and *.( millimeters respecti)el. In terms of computed characteristic impedance, both thic and

thin coax line ha)e smaller )alues than the twin lead because thic and thin coax line ha)e onl

)alues of &.*+ ohms and +.! ohms respecti)el while in twin lead, it has *+!.- ohms. For

percentage error, both thic and thin coax line ha)e larger )alues of *1."1/ and !!.+%/

respecti)el while in twin lead, it has onl 1(.-(/ percent error. 3nother thing, both thic and

thin coax ha)e the sa)e dielectric material and dielectric constant which are both polstrene

with the )alue of *.& while twin lead is polethlene with the )alue of *.*%. In terms of )elocit

factor and propagation speed, thic and thin coax are also the same with ".-!*& of )elocit

factor and 1(.%& x 106

of propagation speed while in twin lead, it has ".--!% of )elocit

factor and 1.11 x 106

of propagation speed.


5/6

G/o&)y:

C&)&+te)iti+ Im1ed&*+e' :he characteristic impedance or surge impedance ;usuall written


6/6

Re'e)e*+e:

Boo6:

Buile, 3. E. ;1%%=. Electrical Power Systems. nited 9ingdom ergamon ress.

o8ar, D. 6. ;Februar *""+=. Microwave Engineering (3rd ed.). nited States> #ile.

I*te)*et:

httpAAwww.allaboutcircuits.comAtextbooAalternating'currentAchpt'1+Acharacteristic'

impedanceA

httpsAAen.wiipedia.orgAwiiACharacteristicimpedance

httpAAwww.5sl.netAng!pAhaminfoAham'tutorAsignalpropagation.htm
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/alternating-current/chpt-14/characteristic-impedance/http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/alternating-current/chpt-14/characteristic-impedance/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_impedancehttp://www.qsl.net/ng3p/haminfo/ham-tutor/signal_propagation.htmhttp://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/alternating-current/chpt-14/characteristic-impedance/http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/alternating-current/chpt-14/characteristic-impedance/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_impedancehttp://www.qsl.net/ng3p/haminfo/ham-tutor/signal_propagation.htm

Transmission-Experiment-1.docx

Documents

Transcript of Transmission-Experiment-1.docx