TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT - Urban Mobility...

Presented by:Trevor McIntyre, Director, IBI GroupBankim Kalra, Team Leader- Urban Planning and Design, IBI Group India

TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENTPROMOTING INTEGRATED LAND USE AND TRANSIT PLANNING

IBI GROUPIBI GROUP INTRODUCTION

3IBI Group

IBI GROUP

“IBI Group is the fourth largest firm ranked bythe number of creative staff and the world’s fifthlargest architecture practice.”– BD 2011 World Architecture 100, January 2011

IBI Group is a multi-disciplinary organization offeringservices in four areas of practice:URBAN LAND • FACILITIES • TRANSPORTATION • SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY

4IBI Group

Offices & Staff

USABoston MADenver CODetroit MIIrvine CAOrlando FLPompano Beach FLPortland ORSalt Lake City UTSan Diego CASan Francisco CASeattle WAWashington DC

80+ Offices

Workforce of 3000+

CANADACalgary ABEdmonton ABKingston ONLondon ONMontreal QCOttawa ONRichmond Hill ONToronto ONVancouver BCWaterloo ON

EUROPEAthens GRBristol UKGlasgow UKJerusalem ISLondon UKParis FR

ASIADubaiHong KongBeijingShanghaiNew DelhiBangalore

5IBI Group

STUDY ON TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT (TOD) FOR NAYA RAIPUR

Transportation

Areas of Service

Facilities

Systems

Comprehensive Planning, Urban Design,Economic Development Planning, LandDevelopment Planning, EnvironmentalPlanning, Engineering, Surveying andMapping, and Geographic InformationSystems (GIS)

Architecture, Landscape Architecture, ParksPlanning, Public Facilities Design andProgramming, Streetscape Design,Sustainable Development, GreenBuildings, LEED Certification

Intelligent Transportation Systems; SmartBuildings; Communications Systems;Revenue Systems

Transportation Planning, Public Transit,Traffic Operations, Parking Fare Collection,Intelligent Transportation Systems

Urban Land

INTRODUCTION TO IBIGROUP

December, 2012Empanelment for Designing of Streets of Pune 6IBI Group Team in association withHansraj Kothary & Associates, Pune

Metrolinx Mobility Hub Guidelines, Greater Toronto & Hamilton Area Area

URBAN LAND

TOD PLANNING & URBAN DESIGN

vivaNEXT Bus Rapid Transit York Region, ON, Canada

8IBI Group

Study on Naya Raipur TOD, India

IBI GROUP

WHAT IS TOD?

THE QUESTIONS

WHAT IS TOD?

WHAT ARE THE DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF TOD?

WHAT TOD PRINCIPLES ARE APPLICABLE IN THE INDIANCONTEXT?

“Sustainable Urbanism" --an integrated approach totransportation and land useplanning

Transit Oriented DevelopmentTransportation + Land Use = TOD

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IN PLANNING LANGUAGE…

TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT

T = Transit frequency andusefulness

O = Orienting infrastructure formaking pedestrian connectionsbetween transit anddevelopment

D = Development featuring a mixof uses and densitiesSource: Dena Belzer, Strategic Economics

SOME MORE PLANNING LANGUAGE…TOD IS NOT ONLY ABOUT REDENSIFICATION AND REDEVELOPMENT…

… IT IS ALSO THE INTEGRATION OF THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS OFSUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY PLANNING INTO A HOLISTIC FRAMEWORK

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) refers to residential and CommercialCenters designed to maximize access by Transit and Non-motorized transportation, andwith other features to Encourage Transit Ridership. A typical TOD has a rail or busstation at its center, surrounded by relatively high-density development, withprogressively lower-density spreading outwards one-quarter to one-half mile, whichrepresents pedestrian scale distances.

Vibrant, compact, mixed use neighbourhoods containing a range ofhousing types, workplaces, shops, entertainment, schools, parks, andcivic facilities essential to the daily lives of residents – all within a 5 to10 minute walk from a transit station.

TOD IN THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTEXTTransportation + Land Use + Infrastructure = TOD

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TOD IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT

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“Now, I am able to combine andcomprehend the meaning of "Bus dokadam", "75 m" and "400-600m“ whichcollectively signifies that the Bus shouldbe available within do kadam i.e. within a

walking distance.”

Mr. L.K. Panigrahi, Chief Engineer (Projects)Naya Raipur Development Authority

Density, Design and Diversity

Engineering, Education and Enforcement

Safe and efficient Integration of all possibletransport modes

Social and cultural constraints for VerticalMixed use development

Physical Infrastructure Limitations forHigher densities

Integrating informal sector

Parking Policy /Standards

Implementation Challenges and PoliticalConstraints

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TOD IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT

Naya RaipurTransit Oriented Development Study

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TOD IN A GREENFIELD CONTEXTDESIGNING A NEW CITY FOR SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY

Comprehensively planned new cities offer an importantsolution to meet the nation’s urban crisis Opportunity to create high-quality sustainable “places” Reconnect people and planning proactively Upfront infrastructure development Strong leadership support and political will Enable design of community driven processes and

systemsChallenges/ Unknowns Population composition? Employment Generators? Local Real Estate Market capacity?

• Connecting the dots betweenmultiple initiatives

• How do we integrate TODprinciples within functionaland in-progress projects?

• Do we need more density orredistribution of densities?

• How do we integrate plannedtransit with proposed landuses?

• Is the development codesupportive of TOD principles?

NAYA RAIPUR CONTEXT

Source: Embarq Naya Raipur TOD Workshop

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UNFOLDING THE NAYA RAIPUR STORY

MASTER PLAN SALIENT FEATURES

INSPIRED BY CORBUSIER’SCHANDIGARH & OTHER CAPITALCITIES AROUND THE WORLD

GARDEN CITY DENSITY - 560,000PEOPLE IN 80 SQ.KMS.

DIVERSE EMPLOYMENT BASEPROPOSED

GREEN BELT AS AN URBAN GROWTHBOUNDARY

MEGA BLOCK GRID SYSTEM - 800m X800m SECTORS

MONUMENTAL SCALE - 100m & 60mWIDE ROADWAYS

AUTOMOBILE ORIENTED POLICIES -2PPH ASSUMPTION

SEGREGATED LAND USES

EXTENSIVE OPEN SPACE NETWORK

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UNFOLDING THE NAYA RAIPUR STORY

MASTER PLAN PHASE 1IMPLEMENTATION PARALLEL PLANNING &

CONSTRUCTION EFFORTS INITIATED- URBAN DESIGN STUDY/ CBD STUDY/BRTS / NMT / TOD STUDY

COMPREHENSIVE CITY WIDEMOBILITY PLAN - MISSING LINK

CONSTRAINTS ENVIRONMENTAL + NATURAL

FEATURES CONSTRAINTS

VILLAGE INTEGRATION &DEVELOPMENT POLICIES (120 sqmPER ADULT MEMBER)

NET / GROSS LAND RATIOS NOTEFFICIENT

MARKET ACCEPTANCE &DEVELOPER AWARENESS

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NAYA RAIPUR TOD VISION

The vision for the Naya Raipur TOD Study is to develop atransit supportive framework that supports a series ofseamless self-sufficient neighbourhoods in Naya Raipureach with a distinct character- linked with sustainablemobility options.

KEY IDEAS

NAYA RAIPUR TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STUDY | TASK 3 TOD RECOMMENDATIONS REPORT | APRIL 5, 2013

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4.1. TOD Recommendations -Towards a Transit Supportive Naya Raipur

Five overarching key ideas summarized below have been developed throughthe course of this study as the pillars of the TOD Recommendations for the

Transit Supportive Naya Raipur.

Detailed strategies for each of these key ideas is described in the subsequentsections of this report.

Best Practices Approach -Station Area Typologies asBuilding Blocks of TOD inNaya Raipur

Station Area TOD PlanningToolkit

Transit Supportive Development Code

Demarcation of TOD Inf uence Zone or“Station Area” – Station Area Planning vsSector Based Planning

Complete Streets Approach

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Currently all planning in Naya Raipur in sector based. Each sector is segregated by 60m / 100m Right of Way (ROW). Thishas led to singular, auto-oriented land use planning typologies thereby signif cantly impacting ridership and the character ofneighbourhoods. Station Areas transcend these sector boundaries and transportation infrastructure barriers and are def ned bya 800m / 10 minute walk distance. This is the maximum comfortable distance a pedestrian is willing to walk. This Station Areais further comprised of multiple zones with their own transportation and land use characteristics and a catchment area for otherfeeder services and modes.

Currently a Right-of Way focused planning approach is being utilized for the 100m and 60m auto-oriented corridors. A completestreets approach focuses on the streetescapes between the building facades. As such, the vehicular travel lanes are just onecomponent of the streetscapes amongst, the pedestrian sidewalks, outdoor amenity areas, active edges / building retail facades,informal zones, Non Motorized Transportation (NMT) corridors, IPT, services lanes, parking lanes, green buffers, infrastructurecorridors, transitways, medians, landscape, street furniture, all which are integral to create a sense of place or “streetscape-placemaking”.

Some transit stations are located in bustling Central Business Districts at the heart of the city; others are in residentialneighborhoods where transit provides a convenient means for commuters to travel to and from work and other destinations.Some stations are located in areas that are experiencing rapid growth and change, while others are in more established, built-outneighborhoods where any change will be incremental. Every station area, whether existing or proposed, faces unique challengesand will require specially tailored strategies to create high-performing transit-oriented development (TOD) projects. However, manydifferent types of station areas share similar characteristics. These similarities can help planners, citizens, and elected off cialsquickly and easily understand key planning considerations and what to expect in terms of the character, role and function of theplaces that will be created. Places are not def ned solely by their density or the intensity of activity, but also by the types of uses,how streets are arranged, how transit is accommodated, and their roles within the City and the transit network.

A generic step-by-step approach / framework towards Station Area Planning and Implementation is provided to assist NRDA in theprocess of developing future Station Areas. The Naya Raipur TOD Principles are also integrated within the planning framework.The framework approach will allow for adaption to different Station Areas existing and future likewise.

An identif ed through the Existing Conditions Analysis, there has been a signif cant reduction in the salable area (residential,commercial and public/semi-public) due to auto-oriented transportation planning in Naya Raipur. to address this situation andgiven that land is a f nite resource, current Development Control regulations, specif cally, FAR’s, Density, Heights, Setbacks &Ground coverages will have to be modif ed.

In addition, the revised Transit Supportive Development Code will be consistent with the Naya Raipur TOD Principles and should beused hand-in-hand with the Station Area TOD Planning Toolkit.

Toolkit

BestPractices

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GAP: SEGREGATED LAND USE + UNDERUTILIZED RIDERSHIP

RECOMMENDATION – REPLACE SECTOR BASED PLANNING WITH STATION AREAPLANNING

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KEY IDEAS – STATION AREA TYPOLOGIES

No “One-size Fits All” solution for TODStation Area Development;

Different TOD Stations Areas have differentLand Uses / focus, cultural context, &character;

Create seamless neighbourhoods - each witha distinct character- linked with diversemobility options

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KEY IDEAS – STATION AREA TYPOLOGIES

IntermodalStations which arethe first point ofarrival to NayaRaipur such asintercity railwaystations

Stations whichserve the mainbusiness areassuch as CentralBusiness District

Stations whichprovide access tothe main public /semi publicamenities &offices.

Stations whichprovide access toNaya Raipur’suniquedestinations.

Stations whichknit NayaRaipur’s mainresidentialsectors with therest of the City.

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KEY IDEAS – COMPLETE STREETS APPROACH

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KEY IDEAS – COMPLETE STREETS APPROACH – 100M ROW WITHOUT BRT

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KEY IDEAS – COMPLETE STREETS APPROACH – 100M ROW WITH BRT

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KEY IDEAS – COMPLETE STREETS APPROACH

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GAP: DENSITY ALLOCATION IN RELATION TO TRANSIT CORRIDORS

RECOMMENDATION: REDISTRIBUTION OF DENSITIES BASED ON PROXIMITY TOTRANSIT SERVICE

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DEMONSTRATION STATION AREA BASED ONTRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

VEDANTASTATION AREA

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VEDANTA STATION AREA AS PER NRDP 2031

Typical Transit Neighbourhood Sectors Grid

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Phase 1 BRT Alignment

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Station Area - 400m / 5 min walk & 800m / 10 min walk

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Existing Conditions Review

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Preserve Existing Natural Features

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Integrate Existing Village; Village Road & Connections to Sector 36 - Vedanta Hospital

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Proposed Green Spaces as per NRDA Plan 2031 Provide East-West Green Connections to linkexisting natural features

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Streets & Blocks Pattern

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Proposed Land Use as per NRDA Plan 2031

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Highest Densities are proposed closest to BRT ROW & Station

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Medium Density along Principal Roads within Sector

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Public / Semi-Public Amenities as per Proposed Land Uses, NRDA Plan 2031

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Medium / Low Density Residential Development as per densities outlined in NRDA Plan 2031

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VEDANTA STATION AREA AS PER TOD STRATEGY

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VEDANTA STATION AREA AS PER TOD STRATEGY

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KEY IDEAS – TOD TOOLKIT

NAYA RAIPUR TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STUDY | TASK 3 TOD RECOMMENDATIONS REPORT | APRIL 5, 2013

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Toolkit

Framework IIIDevelop Station Area PlanA step-by-step approach to develop the Station Area Plan is detailed in the following sections.Tools to follow are identi ed below.

Framework IVImplement Station Area PlanImplementing a Station Area is a process which requires input and coordination between multiplestakeholders, public and private agencies, developer community, business owners, residents and politicalwill. An Implementation Framework for Naya Raipur is presented in Chapter 5 of this report. It sis importantto note that this process of implementation does not happen overnight and is a long term process.

Existing Site Conditions

Proposed Station Area Plan

Implemented Station Area

TOD Principles

Station AreaPlanningFramework

Best PracticeCase Studies

Transit SupportiveDevelopmentCode

Station AreaCharacter, LandUses & ProgramIdenti ed inFramework I

Rosslyn-Ballston Metro CorridorArlington, VirginiaSource: Arlington General Land Use Plan, amended through April 2004Prepared by Fairfax County DPZ, September 2005

Tysons Corner Comprehensive Plan Rail Intens ification Areas addedto the Arlington Transit Stat ion Areas for comparison

Cu rrent P la n’s P rimary Int ensifica tio n Area(1 000 f t or abo ut on e-f ift h mile radius)

Cu rrent P la n’s S econda ry In tensification Area(1 600 f t or abo ut on e-t hird m ile rad iu s)

Submitted to the Naya Raipur Development Authority

by IBI Consultancy India Pvt. Ltd.

October 10, 2011

RFP # 02/ SUTP/ NRDA/2010-11

Study on Transit OrientedDevelopment (TOD) for Naya Raipuras part of the GEF/World Bank/UNDP

Sustainable Urban Transportation Project in India

ORIGINAL

TECHNICAL PROPOSAL

Naya RaipurTransit Oriented Development Study

TASK 1BEST PRACTICES REPORT (DRAFT)

JUNE 2012

PORTLAND, OREGON

ZURICH, SWITZERLAND

GUANGZHOU, CHINA

NAVI MUMBAI AHMEDABADCHANDIGARH

ARLINGTON, VIRGINIACURITIBA, BRAZIL

Framework I

The Toolkit is a guide which will assist NRDA in the process of developing Station AreaPlans.

Toolkit will be applicable to all Stations including 14 Existing & Future Stations

The Toolkit is Comprised of Four Frameworks

FRAMEWORK 1 – IDENTIFY CHARACTER OF STATION AREA FRAMEWORK 2 – REFINE BOUNDARY OF STATION AREA FRAMEWORK 3 – DEVELOP STATION AREA PLAN FRAMEWORK 4 – IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISMS

April 23-25, 2013

KEY IDEAS – STAKEHOLDER/ EXPERT CHARRETTES

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IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK

1. Legal Framework- Planning andRegulatory Changes

2. Administration and Enforcement

3. Financing Mechanisms

4. Creating a Market for TOD-Catalyst Projects; Incentives andSubsidies

5. Monitoring and Evaluation

6. Phasing Strategies

7. Capacity Building

53THANK YOU

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