Transformation zero
153
2 NOVEMBER 2012 Graduaon presentaon Ir. W.J. Quist Ir. S. Broersma - Dr. Ir. H. Zijlstra - Ir. T. Konstannou External examiner: Tutors: Bart Pieters 4036255 Building Technology Green Building Innovaons
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Transcript of Transformation zero
2 NOVEMBER 2012
Graduation presentation
Ir. W.J. Quist
Ir. S. Broersma - Dr. Ir. H. Zijlstra - Ir. T. KonstantinouExternal examiner:
Tutors:
Bart Pieters 4036255
Building TechnologyGreen Building Innovations
2
Part 1: Introduction
3
Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Design
4
Part 1: Introduction
Part 2: Design
Part 3: Results
5
IntroductIonPart 1
6
What Is my graduation about?
7
8
Rezoning of vacant office buildings to residential buildings
9
Former office building, Wageningen
10
11
12
13
Former tax office, Utrecht
• Gerbrandystraat 20, Utrecht;
• Originally build in 1981;
• Structural vacant since 2010;
14
Housing area
Housing area
Housing area
15
Low-rise (3 storeys)Original drawing
16
Low-rise (3 storeys)Original drawing
SIDe - enTRance
enTRance
SIDe - enTRance
enTRance
17
Low-rise (3 storeys)Original drawing
SIDe - enTRance
enTRance
SIDe - enTRance
enTRance
18
Low-rise (3 storeys)Original drawing
SIDe - enTRance
enTRance
SIDe - enTRance
enTRance
19
high-rise (11 storeys)Original drawing
20
From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
21
Students and starters
From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
22
From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
23
Why This specific topic?
24
25
0
• Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
26
0
• Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%)
27
0
• Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%) • Healthy market 5-6 %
28
0
• Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%) • Healthy market 5-6 % • Over supply 4.2 million m2 (9%)
29
0
• Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%) • Healthy market 5-6 % • Over supply 4.2 million m2 (9%) • Expectancy 2020 12.2 million m2 (26%)
30
0
• Dutch office market 46.5 million m2
• Office vacancy 6.6 million m2 (14%) • Healthy market 5-6 % • Over supply 4.2 million m2 (9%) • Expectancy 2020 12.2 million m2 (26%)• Flex working 22.2 million m2 (48%)
31
16.6
32
16.6
17.7
5%↑
33
16.6
17.7Housing shortage 600.000
5%↑
34
35
36
37
Products
EnergyConsumers
20%
16%
20%
16%
100%
12%
13%
3%
Built environ-ment Electricity
Natural gas
National transport
Industry
agriculture
Other fossilWarmth / Bio
Conversion Losses
193 kWh/p/d
39 kWh/p/d
26 kWh/p/d
8 kWh/p/d
3 kWh/p/d3 kWh/p/d
31 kWh/p/d
38 kWh/p/d
6 kWh/p/d
25 kWh/p/d
24 kWh/p/d
39 kWh/p/d
30 kWh/p/d
100%
61%
25%
7%8%
94 kWh/p/d
25 kWh/p/d
23 kWh/p/d
39 kWh/p/d
100%
27%
7 kWh/p/d7%
25%
41%
international aviation and
maritime
38
2011: 25% co2 reduction2015: 50% co2 reduction 2020: Energy neutral
Spring agreement 2008
39
From office towards an energy-neutral residential building
40
Former tax office, Utrecht?
41
Why the former tax office?
Former tax office, Utrecht
• Energy crisis 1973;
• Gloomy colours;
• Modular structure;
• Prefabrication of elements.
42
(How) Is it possible to transform the former tax office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral residential building?
Research question
43
Thesis objective
The transformation of the former tax office in Utrecht towards an energy neutral residential building’
(How) Is it possible to transform the former tax office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral residential building?
Research question
44
from office to energy-neutral residential building
45
from office to energy-neutral residential building
46
The energy within the project boundary is equal to the amount of renewable energy that is generated within the project boundary (PEGO, 2009)
Energy-neutral definition
47
The energy within the project boundary is equal to the amount of renewable energy that is generated within the project boundary (PEGO, 2009)
3 energy streams
Energy-neutral definition
48
BRE: 63%
Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy
49
URE
: 24%
BRE: 63%
Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy 2. User related energy
50
MRE: 13%
URE
: 24%
BRE: 63%
Energy-neutral definition
1. Building related energy 2. User related energy 3. Material related energy
51
URE
: 24%
BRE: 63%
1. Building related energy 2. User related energy 3. Material related energy
Energy-neutral definition
52
How is this objective achieved?
53
BRE - EPC ENORM- Manual calc
URE - Greencalc+
MRE - Greencalc+- Manual calc
Energy consumption (GJ)
(GJ)Energy production
(GJ)Energy balance
Transformation design1
2
3
4
5a
5b
6
54
BRE - EPC ENORM- Manual calc
URE - Greencalc+
MRE - Greencalc+- Manual calc
Energy consumption (GJ)
(GJ)Energy production
(GJ)Energy balance
Transformation design1
2
3
4
5a
5b
6
55
BRE - EPC ENORM- Manual calc
URE - Greencalc+
MRE - Greencalc+- Manual calc
Energy consumption (GJ)
(GJ)Energy production
(GJ)Energy balance
Transformation design1
2
3
4
5a
5b
6
56
BRE - EPC ENORM- Manual calc
URE - Greencalc+
MRE - Greencalc+- Manual calc
Energy consumption (GJ)
(GJ)Energy production
(GJ)Energy balance
Transformation design1
2
3
4
5a
5b
6
57
BRE - EPC ENORM- Manual calc
URE - Greencalc+
MRE - Greencalc+- Manual calc
Energy consumption (GJ)
(GJ)Energy production
(GJ)Energy balance
Transformation design1
2
3
4
5a
5b
6
58
BRE - EPC ENORM- Manual calc
URE - Greencalc+
MRE - Greencalc+- Manual calc
Energy consumption (GJ)
(GJ)Energy production
(GJ)Energy balance
Transformation design1
2
3
4
5a
5b
6
59
transformatIon desIgnPart 2
60
Design aims
61
Design aims
62
Design aims
63
Design assumptions
• Starter housings: • Business premises:• Dorm rooms:• Communal area:
Total:
Program
5330 m2 720 m2
3500 m2
1450 m2
11000 m2
64
Design assumptions
• Starter housings: • Business premises:• Dorm rooms:• Communal area:
Total:
• Two-sided openable windows and daylight access
• Outdoor space for every building user
Program User comfort
5330 m2 720 m2
3500 m2
1450 m2
11000 m2
65
sPatIal desIgn
1. Define habitable floor area
66
sPatIal desIgnProblem zones
2900 m2 (35%) 4800 m2 (63%)
deep dark areas
sufficient daylight
stair cases
25
deep dark areas
sufficient daylight
stair cases
67
starter housings
business premises
student housingsProgram divisionLow-rise, more adjustmentsHigh-rise, less adjustments
sPatIal desIgn
68
sPatIal desIgn
1. Define habitable floor area
2. Increase habitable floor area
69
sPatIal desIgn
4900 m2 (60%)2900 m2 (35%)
deep dark areas
sufficient daylight
stair cases
25
70
sPatIal desIgn
Original volume Extended volume
11000 m2 (15 storeys) 13000 m2
(16 storeys)
+ 1600 m2
+ 400 m2
71
• 13,000 m2 is a rough estimation
sPatIal desIgn
72
• 13,000 m2 is a rough estimation
• Optimized to gain floor space
sPatIal desIgn
73
• 13,000 m2 is a rough estimation
• Optimized to gain floor space
• Specification required
• Influenced by climate design
sPatIal desIgn
74
clImate desIgn
75
clImate desIgn
1. Thermal boundary2. Ventilation3. Heating / Tap water4. Cooling5. Energy production
76
Former tax office
Office area
Office area
Office area
Office area
Basement
77
Former tax office
Office area
Office area
Office area
Office area
Basement
78
15215+
16650+
15190+
18815+
18790+
14350+ P = +50
+3350
+2250
+50
14150+
ceiling
steel window frame + insulated glass panels
ceiling
17950+
17750+
13050+
Prefab concretefacade element
Prefab concretefacade element
construction
insulated panel
construction
insulated panel
installation space
installation space
Former tax office
79
Transmission
Thermal mass
Cold bridges
Possible threats
structure thermal boundary
1 2 3 4
Description Internal element insu-lation. (maintaining original facade
Maximal utilization of thermal mass, two sidede: floor, upper floor
Lower quality insula-tion by re-use of exist-ing facade elements
High risk at the point of floor-facade con-nection
Probability of failure during execution
Probability of failure during execution
Low Probability of failure, but no ther-mal mass utilization
Low probability of failure during execut-ing
High- risk through re-ruse of aluminium window frames
Low-risk, depending on the type of timber structure.
Medium risk, depend-ing on the type of thermal bridge breaks for balconies
Lower insulation values
Low transmision hrough internal boxes
Low transmision through better perfor-mance facade
Maximal utilization of thermal mass, two sidede: floor, upper floor, facade
No use of thermal mass
Medium use of ther-mal mass: facade beams and upper floor
External insulation layer. (maintaining original facade)
Internal insulation. Box in box principle. (maintaining original facade)
External insulation layer. (facade removal or displacement)
1. Thermal boundary
80
1. Thermal boundary
Thermal mass
ATRIUMOUTSIDE
81
1. Thermal boundary
winter solar gain
ATRIUMOUTSIDE
82
2. Ventilation
83
2. Ventilation
Natural air supply
ATRIUMOUTSIDE
84
85
2. Ventilation
ATRIUMOUTSIDE
Extended living room
86
2. Ventilation
ATRIUMOUTSIDE
bypass
87
FoRmeR Tax oFFIce TRanSFoRmaTIon zeRo
2. Ventilation
88
89
2. Ventilation
90
2. Ventilation
40% reduction
91
2. Ventilation
92
2. Ventilation
93
Heat pump
Heat exchangerDual pass
Dual pass
Dual pass
Dual passHeat exchanger
Heat exchanger
Heat exchanger
4. Heating - Cooling - Tap water
94
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Gas
SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
GASENGINE
95
5. Energy production
96
PV panelsType: ZEN power cpLocation: Roof low-rise
Solar glassType: Optisol screenLocation: Conservatories
PV-T panelsType: Volther hybridLocation: Roof high-rise
5. Energy production
97
Electrical energy
Thermal energy1205 GJ
1461 GJ
98
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A B C D E F G H I J K L
AA
--.--
--.--
11
12
10
09
08
06
05
04
03
02
01
A B C D E F G H K L M N G H K L
07
7200
7200
7200
7200
7200
7200
3600
75600
Atrium
Office42m2
Office42m2
53m2 56m2Starterhouse53m2
46m2
47m2
53m2
53m2 56m2
57m2 98m2
56m2 53m2 56m219m2 19m2
19m2
19m2 19m2
19m2 19m2
19m2
19m2
19m2
19m219m2
56m2
60m2
19m219m2
19m219m2
19m219m2
Dorm room19m2
Sanitary17m2
Sanitary17m2 Hall
Kitchen19m2
Kitchen17m2
47m2
55m2
51m256m256m2
48m2
52m2
52m2
55m2
94m2
53m2
46m2
51m2
55m2
Office42m2
Office42m2
Office19m2
Atrium
Atrium
Atrium
7200
7200
7200
7200
7200
7200 7200 7200 7200
74400 192007200 7200 7200 7200 7200 7200480048004800
11 U
nIT
8 U
nIT
First floor Thirteenth floor
99
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
A B C D E F G H I J K L
AA
--.--
100
Living room
Bed room10.3 m2
5.75 m2
28.48 m2
1.24 m2
1.51 m2Bath room
Toilet
101
Final program
Low-rise (4 storeys): High-rise (12 storeys):
Total:
7000 m2 6600 m2
13600 m2
102
FoRmeR Tax oFFIce TRanSFoRmaTIon zeRo
103
104
105
106
oFFIce aRea
01
10701
BaLcony
conSeRVaToRy
LiViNg ROOMoFFIce aRea
LiViNg ROOM
7200
+4950
+7250
+9550
+8250
+3650
+3350
01
108
energy balance resultsPart 3
109
Energy Balance (GJ)
1. bre
2. ure
3. mre
110
energy scale
1 GJ
111
energy scale
1 GJ = 1000 MJ
112
energy scale
1 GJ = 1000 MJ = 278 kWh
113
energy scale
1 GJ = 1000 MJ = 278 kWh
3300 kWh/y = 12 GJ/yElectricity consumption average domestic household
114
1. bre
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
115
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1. bre
116
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1. bre
117
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1. bre
118
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1. bre
119
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1. bre
120
1,163,539 MJ
1,294,513 MJHE 11,820 MJ
12˚C 6˚C
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
35˚C
HT-CVOUT
TAP WATER
70˚CHT-CV
IN
40˚C
70˚C 40˚C
�oor heating/cooling
Tap water
Dual pass exchanger
LT-CVOUT
40˚CLT-CV
IN
70˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
21˚CLT-CV
IN
12˚CLT-CV
OUT
12˚C 21˚CLT-CV
OUTLT-CV
IN
STSIN
STSUIT
12˚C 21˚CSTS
INSTS
UIT
HEATPUMP
condenser
�ue gas outlet
evaporator
C1
C2
Electircity
897,479 MJElectricity export
1,353,394 MJHeat
80,198 MJCold
80,198 MJThermal export
2,331,071 MJSurplus
636,733 MJAvoided use
1,671,696 MJGas SEASONAL THERMAL STORE
E 313,344 MJ
LIGHTING
E 390,037 MJ
VENTILATION
E 1,204,526 MJ
307,047 MJ
PV-PANELS
H 1,460,870 MJTHERM-PANELS
1,670,762 MJHE 467,439 MJ
HEATING357,512 MJC
E 62,669e MJ
COOLING
LT-CV / HT-CV
GASENGINE
946,989 MJ
1. bre
121
Primary energy consumption 2935 GJ
- 637 GJ
- 307 GJ
- 2331 GJ
- 340 GJ-25 GJ
Avoided energy consumption (nEPus)Energy production - uptake (EPus)Energy production - export (EPexp)
Energy performance (EPtot)Specific EP per m2 (13600 m2)
bre | balance
122
Primary energy consumption 2935 GJ
- 637 GJ
- 307 GJ
- 2331 GJ
- 340 GJ-25 GJ
-0.07 MJ 0.6 MJ
Avoided energy consumption (nEPus)Energy production - uptake (EPus)Energy production - export (EPexp)
Energy performance (EPtot)Specific EP per m2 (13600 m2)
EPCEPC-requirement
bre | balance
123
bre | balance
-340 GJ2935 GJ
3275 GJ
Enough to compensate for the URE and MRE?
124
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Consumption
energy balance
125
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Consumption
energy balance
126
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Consumption
energy balance
127
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Consumption Production
energy balance
128
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Heating (43%)Appliances (92%)
Interior (2%)Installations (16%)
Roofs (19%)
Floors (20%)
Partitions (15%)
Facade (28%)
Water (8%)
Cooling (6%)
Ventilation (13%)
Lichting (11%)
Tap water (27%)
2935 GJ63.5%
1094 GJ23.7%
592 GJ12.8%
-307 GJ-637 GJ
-2331 GJ
1347 GJ
Consumption BalanceProduction
energy balance
129
MRE: 13%U
RE: 2
4%BRE: 63%
70% Energy Neutral
How to bridge 30% energy shortage
energy balance
130
• Less energy consumption
energy balance
131
• Less energy consumption
• More efficient building services
energy balance
132
• Less energy consumption
• More efficient building services
• More energy production on site
energy balance
133
• Less energy consumption
• More efficient building services
• More energy production on site
PV-panels:
• 2000 m2 = 374 MWh = 1350 GJ (240 wp/m2)
energy balance
134
energy balance
PV-panels:
• 2000 m2 = 374 mWh = 1350 GJ (240 wp/m2)
• 1748 m2 = 317 mWh = Shortage of 57 mWh
135
energy balance
• PV-panels: 4% more efficient
• Applied panel: 16% efficient
• Latest advances: 27% efficient
• not yet available for commercial use
136
Main-qUEsTion
Is it possible to transform the former tax office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral residential building?
137
Main-qUEsTion
Is it possible to transform the former tax office in Utrecht to an energy-neutral residential building?
It is not yet possible if all energy streams are included, but future improvements in technology should make it possible
answer
138
sUb-qUEsTion
Is new build more sustainable than transformation in case of the former tax office in Utrecht?
139
sustaInabIlIty rePort
TransformationSSH
TransformationBenraad
Demolition / New build
3
2
1
TransformationSSH
TransformationBenraad
Demolition / New build
3
2
1TransformationSSH
TransformationBenraad
Demolition / New build
3
2
1
Scenarios
140
sustaInabIlIty rePort
TransformationSSH
TransformationBenraad
Demolition / New build
3
2
1
TransformationSSH
TransformationBenraad
Demolition / New build
3
2
1TransformationSSH
TransformationBenraad
Demolition / New build
3
2
1
Scenarios
141
Index per module
Inde
x 264242220198176154132110
88664422
0Materials Energy Water Total
135
220
186 173
envIronmental calculatIon
142
sUb-qUEsTion
Is new build more sustainable than transformation in case of the former tax office in Utrecht?
Transformation is a more sustainable alternative than New build in case of the former Tax office. Transformation Zero performs 40% better.
answer
143
Former tax office
Transformation Zero
Requirement
low environmental impact
≥ 750
215 - 329
105 - 124
accuracy ± 10%completion 20xx
materialenergywater
ABCDEFGABCDEFG⁺⁺
ABCDEFG
high environmental impact
AA⁺
A⁺⁺
A⁺⁺⁺
BC
DE
FG
A
F
Former tax office
Transformation Zero
Requirement
low environmental impact
≥ 750
215 - 329
105 - 124
accuracy ± 10%completion 20xx
materialenergywater
ABCDEFGABCDEFG⁺⁺
ABCDEFG
high environmental impact
AA⁺
A⁺⁺
A⁺⁺⁺
BC
DE
FG
A
F
envIronmental Index
144
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Water t
oren
TNT centre
Rijksw
aterst
aat
NIOO-KNAW
WNF kan
toor
Rijksw
aterst
aat
Central p
ostDWA
Bear arc
hitecte
n
Alterra
Kaswoning
Bella Donna T
uinhuis
Westerla
antoren
Raboban
k
Raboban
k Alte
na
Oxfam ge
bouw
Verenigde nati
es
Laan
op Zuid
Raboban
k Westl
and
Raboban
k Bolle
nstreek
ASCIS
Europe
Centric
Exact
Rijksge
bouwen dienst
Natuurhuis
CJIB ROC
Politieka
ntoor
Belastingk
antoor
Kantonge
recht
1 2
Rank 4: Transformation Zero (MIG: 309)
320
1028
1005
323
300
269
257
252
251
248
244
243
242
237
237
219
217
216
206
205
205
205
203
202
201
200
196
187
181
179
172
rankIng
145
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Water t
oren
TNT centre
Rijksw
aterst
aat
NIOO-KNAW
WNF kan
toor
Rijksw
aterst
aat
Central p
ostDWA
Bear arc
hitecte
n
Alterra
Kaswoning
Bella Donna T
uinhuis
Westerla
antoren
Raboban
k
Raboban
k Alte
na
Oxfam ge
bouw
Verenigde nati
es
Laan
op Zuid
Raboban
k Westl
and
Raboban
k Bolle
nstreek
ASCIS
Europe
Centric
Exact
Rijksge
bouwen dienst
Natuurhuis
CJIB ROC
Politieka
ntoor
Belastingk
antoor
Kantonge
recht
1 2
Rank 4: Transformation Zero (MIG: 309)
320
1028
1005
323
300
269
257
252
251
248
244
243
242
237
237
219
217
216
206
205
205
205
203
202
201
200
196
187
181
179
172
rankIng
• Performance: 11% above Dutch average
146
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Water t
oren
TNT centre
Rijksw
aterst
aat
NIOO-KNAW
WNF kan
toor
Rijksw
aterst
aat
Central p
ostDWA
Bear arc
hitecte
n
Alterra
Kaswoning
Bella Donna T
uinhuis
Westerla
antoren
Raboban
k
Raboban
k Alte
na
Oxfam ge
bouw
Verenigde nati
es
Laan
op Zuid
Raboban
k Westl
and
Raboban
k Bolle
nstreek
ASCIS
Europe
Centric
Exact
Rijksge
bouwen dienst
Natuurhuis
CJIB ROC
Politieka
ntoor
Belastingk
antoor
Kantonge
recht
1 2
Rank 4: Transformation Zero (MIG: 309)
320
1028
1005
323
300
269
257
252
251
248
244
243
242
237
237
219
217
216
206
205
205
205
203
202
201
200
196
187
181
179
172
rankIng
• Performance: 11% above Dutch average• Performance: 37% above Dutch average
AcknowledgmentThere have been many contributors to this work with which I have consulted or bounced ideas off. I’d like to thank them for their time and patience.
TUToRS:ir. S. BroersmaDr.ir. H. Zijlstra ir. T. Konstantinou
conSULTS:Dr.ir. L.J.J.H.M. Gommans Dr.ir. W.H. van der SpoelIr. E.R. van den Ham Ir. G.J. Arends Ir. J. van der Vliet
SoUnDInG BoaRD: N. Veerman (awesome)ir. T.W.J. Mestemakerir. E. van der Thiel
AcknowledgmentThere have been many contributors to this work with which I have consulted or bounced ideas off. I’d like to thank them for their time and patience.
TUToRS:ir. S. BroersmaDr.ir. H. Zijlstra ir. T. Konstantinou
conSULTS:Dr.ir. L.J.J.H.M. Gommans Dr.ir. W.H. van der SpoelIr. E.R. van den Ham Ir. G.J. Arends Ir. J. van der Vliet
SoUnDInG BoaRD: N. Veermanir. T.W.J. Mestemakerir. E. van der Thiel
152
envIronmental calculatIon
own indexOperation: Modified reference buildingResult: Comparison New built environmental index (MIG)Operation: Maintained reference buildingResult: Comparison with reference building from 1990
153
Index per moduleInde
x 264242220198176154132110
88664422
0Materials Energy Water Total
135
220
186 173
<Nieuwe wijk> · Resultaat Referentie Transformation ZeroComparison New Build V1.0.gcp
Resultaat Referentie Transformation Zero
(onderdeel van wijk: <Nieuwe wijk>)
Milieukosten totaal [Gebouw]Milieukosten per jaar Milieukosten/m² BVO Eigen-indexOntw. Ref. Ontw. Ref
Materiaal € 16,768,- € 22,608,- € 0.81 € 1.09 135Energie € 11,377,- € 24,997,- € 0.55 € 1.21 220Water € 6,806,- € 12,688,- € 0.33 € 0.61 186Totaal € 34,951,- € 60,293,- € 1.69 € 2.91 173
Milieukosten materialen [Gebouw]Milieukostenper jaarOntw. Ref.
BouwdeelFundering € 0.-- € 541.--Gevels € 3,176.96 € 3,838.10Binnenwanden € 4,485.64 € 6,122.80Vloeren € 2,554.27 € 4,417.98Daken € 99.75 € 328.15Installaties € 5,963.23 € 5,963.23Inrichting € 487.99 € 1,396.54Totaal € 16,767.84 € 22,607.80Eigen-index 135 100
Schaduwkosten per m² BVO t.b.v. BREEAM-NL MAT1 : € 0.76
Milieukosten energiegebruik [Gebouw]Milieukosten Elektriciteitgebruik Gasgebruik Warmtegebruikper jaar per jaar [kWh] per jaar [m³] per jaar [GJ]Ontw. Ref. Ontw. Ref. Ontw. Ref. Ontw. Ref.
Verwarming € 3,965.32 € 3,965.32 0 0 22,824 22,824 0 0Hulpenergie verwarming € 3,119.77 € 3,526.78 50,639 50,639 0 0 0 0Ventilatoren € 2,603.17 € 2,942.78 42,254 42,254 0 0 0 0Tapwater € 3,718.65 € 3,718.65 0 0 21,404 21,404 0 0Koeling € 590.33 € 590.33 0 0 3,398 3,398 0 0Bevochtiging € 0.-- € 0.-- 0 0 0 0 0 0Verlichting € 2,091.31 € 2,364.15 33,946 33,946 0 0 0 0Apparatuur € 17,145.43 € 32,597.46 278,300 468,050 0 0 0 0Opbrengst PV-cellen € -21,856.92 € -24,708.43 -354,776 -354,776 0 0 0 0Opbrengst WKK € 0.-- € 0.-- 0 0 0 0 0 0Opbrengst wind € 0.-- € 0.-- 0 0 0 0 0 0Correctiepost elektrisch € 0.-- € 0.-- 0 0 0 0 0 0Correctiepost gas € 0.-- € 0.-- 0 0 0 0 0 0Correctiepost warmte € 0.-- € 0.-- 0 0 0 0 0 0Totaal € 11,377.06 € 24,997.05 50,363 240,113 47,627 47,627 0 0Eigen-index 220 100
Overzicht energieprestatieberekening [Gebouw]Rekenmethode : Importeren gegevens NPR 5129:2005 versie 2.10
Primair energiegebruik in MJ Qprim/Qtotaal [%]Ontwerp Referentie Ontwerp Referentie
Qprim;verw 801,133 801,133 -185 -185Qprim;hulp;verw 467,439 467,439 -108 -108Qprim;vent 390,036 390,036 -90 -90Qprim;tap 751,296 751,296 -174 -174Qprim;koel 119,267 119,267 -28 -28Qzom;comf 0 0 0 0Qprim;bev 0 0 0 0Qprim;vl 313,344 313,344 -72 -72Qprim;pv -3,274,851 -3,274,851 757 757Qprim;wkk 0 0 0 0Qpres;tot -432,336 -432,336 100 100Qpres;toel 4,880,383 4,880,383EPC -0.07 -0.07
22GreenCalc+, versie V4.2, 10/23/2012 10:41:20 PM - ONDERWIJSVERSIE - ONDERWIJSVERSIE - ONDERWIJSVERSIE
envIronmental calculatIon
