Transfer of heat energy
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Transcript of Transfer of heat energy
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What Happens to Insolation?
Intro to Physical Geography
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Energy Basics Energy Pathways and Principles
Shortwave energy in from the Sun (ultraviolet, visible light, and near-infrared)
Longwave energy out from Earth (thermal infrared)
Transmission The passage of energy through atmosphere
or water
Insolation input All radiation received at Earth’s surface –
direct and indirect
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What happens to insolation?
Scattering (diffuse radiation) Changing direction of light’s
movement, without altering its wavelengths
Rayleigh scattering makes our skies lookblue
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Wavelengths
Wavelength image from Universe by Freedman and Kaufmann.
Because blue light has a shorter wavelength it scatters more easily.
Image from http://missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/09_visiblelight.html
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What Happens to Insolation?
Refraction Change in speed and direction of light as
insolation travels from space through the atmosphere
Examples: Rainbows and mirages
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What happens to insolation?
Some energy is reflected without being absorbed So we need to think about albedo (how
reflective a surface is) Clouds and aerosols have unpredictable
albedos
What types of surfaces are most reflective? What types of surfaces absorb more energy?
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Albedo Values
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Clouds and Albedo
Bottom images from http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Clouds/clouds4.php
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Changes in albedo
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What happens to energy that reaches the surface?
Absorption – the assimilation of radiation by molecules of matter and conversion to different kinds of energy.
• Heat is energy produced by the motion of atoms and molecules.
• Heat flows from a region of higher temperature to a region of colder temperature, but not the other way around.
• Four types of heat transfer: • conduction, convection, advection, and
radiation.
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Methods of Heat Transfer