Transcription Definitely not Transformation, Transduction or Translocation!
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Transcript of Transcription Definitely not Transformation, Transduction or Translocation!
Transcription
Definitely not Transformation, Transduction or Translocation!
What is a Gene?
• One Gene – One Enzyme • One Gene – One Polypeptide • One Gene – One RNA transcript
• A GENE IS A SEGMENT OF DNA THAT CODES FOR - - - - - - - - AN RNA TRANSCRIPT!!!!
Which of the following will get translated?
A only
B only
C only
D only A &
B B &
C C &
D
A, B, &
C
A, B, C
, & D
0% 0%
70%
0%
10%
0%
10%10%
0%
A. rRNAB. tRNAC. mRNAD. snRNA
1. A only2. B only 3. C only4. D only5. A & B6. B & C7. C & D8. A, B, & C9. A, B, C, & D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
Which of the following are directly involved with translation?
A only
B only
C only
D only A &
B B &
C C &
D
A, B, &
C
A, B, C
, & D
5%
0%
10%
0%
10%
50%
20%
5%
0%
A. rRNAB. tRNAC. mRNAD. snRNA1. A only
2. B only 3. C only4. D only5. A & B6. B & C7. C & D8. A, B, & C9. A, B, C, & D
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
What best represents rRNA?
Red Blue
Gre
en
Brown
74%
11%16%
0%
1. Red2. Blue3. Green4. Brown
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
What best represents tRNA?
Red Blue
Gre
en
Brown
0%
11%
74%
16%
1. Red2. Blue3. Green4. Brown
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
What best represents snRNA?
Red Blue
Gre
en
Brown
0%
85%
0%
15%
1. Red2. Blue3. Green4. Brown
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
Life is just an RNA SAMWICHH!
Hey Check out this basic transcription animation!
• http://www-class.unl.edu/biochem/gp2/m_biology/animation/gene/gene_a2.htm
l
What did the idiot scribe represent?
RNA primase
RNA polymera
se
DNA polym
erase
Reverse
transct
riptase
Helic
ase
11%
84%
0%0%5%
1. RNA primase2. RNA polymerase3. DNA polymerase4. Reverse transctriptase5. Helicase
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
What is/are the substrate (s) for RNA polymerase?
ATP, GTP, U
TP, CTP
ATP only
dATP, dGTP, d
CTP, dTTP
ATP, GTP, C
TP, TTP
Amino acids
63%
5% 5%
16%11%
1. ATP, GTP, UTP, CTP2. ATP only3. dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP
4. ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP5. Amino acids
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
How many RNA polymerases are there?
• THREE• RNA Polymerase I– Transcribes nucleolar genes into rRNA
• RNA Polymerase II– Transcribes genes into mRNA (which eventually
turns into a polypeptide)
• RNA Polymerase III– Transcribes genes into tRNA and snRNA
How does an RNA Polymerase “FIND” a gene to transcribe?
•TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS FIND A TATA BOX ON THE PROMOTER REGION!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Check Out the Process in a MovEEE
• http://vcell.ndsu.edu/animations/transcription/index.htm
What did Sir Spliceolot accomplish?
Cut out d
iffere
nt DNA s.
..
Cut out d
iffere
nt RNA se
...
Cut out d
iffere
nt RNA s.
..
Cut out d
iffere
nt DNA se
...
10%0%
90%
0%
1. Cut out different DNA sections called introns.
2. Cut out different RNA sections called exons.
3. Cut out different RNA sections called introns.
4. Cut out different DNA sections called exons.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
Why are introns called introns?
They are INTERVENING noncoding sequences found within a gene!
Why are exons called exons?
They are coding sections of a gene that get EXPRESSED as a component of a protein!
What really splices out the introns?
Cutterase
Dice
rase
Splic
eosome
Blitzenase
Rudolphase
5%
16%
5%11%
63%1. Cutterase2. Dicerase3. Spliceosome4. Blitzenase5. Rudolphase
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23
What really is a SPLICEOSOME?
snRNA
small protein BIG PROTEIN
snRNP
SPLICEOSOME