Transcription begins - Cell gets message that a protein needs to be made & a portion of DNA unwinds exposing the gene that needs to be copied.

Transcription begins - Cell gets message that a protein needs to be made & a portion of DNA unwinds exposing the gene that needs to be copied.

Transcription begins - Cell gets message that a protein needs to be made & a portion of DNA unwinds exposing the gene that needs to be copied.

Transcription begins - Cell gets message that a protein needs to be made & a portion of DNA unwinds exposing the gene that needs to be copied.

Transcription begins - Cell gets message that a protein needs to be made & a portion of DNA unwinds exposing the gene that needs to be copied.

Transcription begins - Cell gets message that a protein needs to be made & a portion of DNA unwinds exposing the gene that needs to be copied.

Nucleotides move in to form an mRNA molecule (U pairs with A) BUT THIS IS DIFFERENT FROM REPLICATION BECAUSE:1. The nucleotides are mRNA nucleotides

(ribose, phosphate, AGCU)2. The nucleotides only move in to ½ of the

DNA molecule.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases)

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

mRNA leaves the nucleus through the pores to enter the cytoplasm (Codon = 3 bases) and the DNA rezips.

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

ribosome

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Amino acid that the codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

Peptide bond

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Codon

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

Codon

Amino acid that the next codon codes for

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

mRNA goes through the ribosome and amino acids are made – which amino acid comes in at which time is determined by the codons on the mRNA

Codon

Amino acid that the codon codes for

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

A long chain of amino acids makes a protein (amino acids are connected with peptide bond)

Codon

Amino acid that the codon codes for

Peptide bond

A U G G G C U U A A A G C A G U G C A C G U U

A long chain of amino acids makes a protein (amino acids are connected with peptide bond)