Transactive Energy Systems 2016
Transcript of Transactive Energy Systems 2016
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
May 17-19, 2016
Portland, Oregon
GridWise® Architecture Council
Transactive Energy
and the Internet of
Things
James Mater, Jim Zuber,
QualityLogic, Inc.
Linda Rankin, V-Squared
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Topics
• IoT Background
• Transactive Energy as an IoT application
• Current state of IoT to meet TE needs and ramifications
• Case Study: Example of Integrating Demand Response
on a Popular IoT Hub
• Summary and Conclusions
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
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Internet of Things (IoT) Defined• The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical
objects with electronics, software, sensors, and network
connectivity that enables these objects to collect and
exchange data.
• The availability of ….
– Small commodity sensors and microcontrollers
– Pervasive wired and wireless connectivity
• …has resulted in thousands of IoT products that can be…
– Connected
– Monitored
– Controlled
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4Attribution: infographic made by Postscapes in collaboration with Harbor Research
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
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IoT Devices Installed Base Growth
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Attribution: infographic made by Postscapes in collaboration with Harbor Research
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Portland, OR
Emerging IoT Platform and
Development Frameworks
• IoT Platform characteristics
– Plug-n-play (i.e. discovery services)
– Peer-to-peer and/or cloud connectivity
– Extensibility based on application profiles
– Security options such as password, cybersecurity
– Messaging (i.e. text to phones, data collection)
– Manageability features (including remote provisioning)
• Emerging IoT Development Frameworks
– Standard frameworks available as open source (IoTivity, AllJoyn)
– Commodity platforms and software
– Vendor adoption occurring (appliance and lighting manufacturers)
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
Definition of Transactive Energy
• From GridWise® Architecture Council’s Transactive
Energy Framework
“A system of economic and control mechanisms that
allows the dynamic balance of supply and demand
across the entire electrical infrastructure using value as a
key operational parameter”
• Defining TE not the subject of this paper
– Assumes TE system with messaging requirements
– TE used for managing distributed energy assets
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
IoT Relationship to TE Management
• A collection of objects connected using IP communications
• Typically distributed sensors/actuators
• Can be used to for energy management applications
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Thermostat/MeterActing as a GateWay
Peer-to-peer network
Smart Inverter/EV Charger
Smart Appliance
Mobile Device
Control Server
© V-SQUARED 2016
Distributed Energy Management is an IoT applicationAttribution: V-SQUARED
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
Ramifications of Leveraging IoT• IoT development frameworks
– + Provide much of the infrastructure needed for deploying these
systems
– + Opportunity to leverage installed base that exists in devices
– + Provided infrastructure allows focus on the TE specific application
– - IoT systems can be resource constrained
– - Definition of application profiles that meet TE management needs
• What is needed from the TE community
– TE messaging protocols
– System or behavior policy requirements (example, communication
latency based on service type)
– Security requirements (example, based on size or type of asset
system)
9Attribution: V-SQUARED
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
Case Study Hypothesis
• TE needs a standard messaging protocol to exchange
information such as status, participation (buy or sell), load
and price forecasts.
• OpenADR can be viewed as a proxy for a TE messaging
protocol.
• Demonstrating that OpenADR can be used to control
these IoT resources supports the notion that IoT can play
a role in Transactive Energy.
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
Example TE Topology Design
TEN
$
/
M
W
hHours
$
/
M
W
hHours
$
/
M
W
hHours
Transmission-
Level objectives
(e.g. Energy cost;
Trans Constraints)
Utility-Level
objectives
(e.g. Avoid demand
charges)
Local objectives
(e.g. Incent usage
when local wind
farm generating)
$
/
M
W
Hours
Final Incentive
Signal received by
Responsive Asset
Price Forecast Price Forecast
Load Forecast Load Forecast
TEN TEN TEN
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OpenADR Topology Mimics a
Hierarchical TE Topology • Hierarchical nodes referred to as VTNs and VENs
• Two-way communications between pairs of nodes
• Distributed decision logic at each node – similar to TE
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Portland, OR
Can the SmartThings IoT Hub be a
TE Node?
• Determine if the popular
SmartThings home control system
can be leveraged to support
OpenADR messaging
– Kickstart funded company acquired by
Samsung for $200M in 2014
– SmartThings technology to be leveraged
across Samsung electronic/appliance
offerings
– Data point – SmartThings mobile App
downloads 300K +
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
Technical Approach• Approach…
– Write a OpenADR A profile VEN as SmartThings “device handler”
– Receipt of an OpenADR signal would appear as a sensor state
change
– Use “Rules Engine” SmartApp to define behaviors for normal,
moderate, high, and special load shed upon receipt of state
change
• Challenges…
– Extremely constrained programming environment
– Very limited execution environment (40 second limit)
– Slightly unstable environment (Polling from Cloud)
– Arduino fallback – ZigBee ping
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Portland, OR
SmartThings Project
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SmartThings Project
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SmartThings Project
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR © © QualityLogic 2016
SmartThings Project
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Take Away from SmartThings Effort
• Technically, it was not difficult to enable SmartThings for
energy management
– Minimal time (1-2 weeks) to code the VEN
• Need to demonstrate that secure communication as
required by OpenADR can be implemented
• Still an early adopter market for IoT
• Fruitful area for TE program research/pilots
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SmartThings VEN Download• SmartThings code available as open source at
https://www.qualitylogic.com/Contents/Smart-
Grid/Products-Services/OpenADR/OpenADR-IoT-
Download.aspx
• Contact for more information: Jim Zuber, CTO,
QualityLogic, Inc., [email protected]
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Harnessing Flexibility in an Evolving Electric Power SystemT R A N S A C T I V E E N E R G Y S Y S T E M S
Portland, OR
Summary and Conclusions
• Emerging IoT platforms and development frameworks
show promise in providing an ecosystem that can be
leveraged for TE
• TE protocols and standards should be designed with IoT
in mind
• Correspondingly, IoT frameworks contain some gaps
• Much can be learned by experiments and demonstrations
of TE applications on IoT platforms
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