Transacting Logs by Weight A Western US Overview - Timber
Transcript of Transacting Logs by Weight A Western US Overview - Timber
Transacting Logs by Weight Transacting Logs by WeightA Western US Overview A Western US Overview
Neal T. Hart, Jendro & Hart, LLC Neal T. Hart, Jendro & Hart, LLC Timber Measurement Society, Central Meeting, April 6 Timber Measurement Society, Central Meeting, April 6--8 2011, Tacoma Washington 8 2011, Tacoma Washington
Western US log scaling Western US log scaling practices are changing practices are changing
cubic and weight scaling cubic and weight scaling is replacing is replacingboard foot measure board foot measure
1968: Two Young Growth Sales 1968: Two Young Growth Sales1969: 21 mmbf of SG 1969: 21 mmbf of SG1970: Entire JSF Sale Program 1970: Entire JSF Sale Program
including 19 mmbf SG & including 19 mmbf SG &15 mmbf of OG 15 mmbf of OG
Weight Scaling Weight Scaling in California in California’’ssJackson State Jackson State Forest Forest “”
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BF Scribner
Idaho & Montana Timber Harvest by Idaho & Montana Timber Harvest by Ownership, 1980 Ownership, 1980 --2008 2008
Private Private
National NationalForest Forest
State State
BIA & BLM BIA & BLM
43%43%
47%47%1980s
69%69%
15%15%
2000s
Harvest from National Forests in the Harvest from National Forests in the Intermountain West Intermountain West
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1995 19952005 2005
mm ft mm ft33
--86% 86%
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NetGrowth
NaturalMortality
Harvest
Intermountain Region Intermountain RegionNet Growth, Mortality & Harvest Net Growth, Mortality & Harvest
per acre of Timber Land per acre of Timber Land
NetGrowth
NaturalMortality
Harvest
ft3
Inventory of Sound Dead Volume Inventory of Sound Dead VolumeIntermountain Region Intermountain Region
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2005Billion ft3
17.1 Billion 17.1 Billion Cubic Feet Cubic Feet
35 times 35 times annual harvest annual harvest from all from all ownerships ownerships
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Average Sawlog Diameter Average Sawlog DiameterWashington Sawmills 1972 Washington Sawmills 1972 --2008 2008
Source: Washington Mill Survey Source: Washington Mill Survey
Interior Interior
Coast Coast
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46810121416182022242628303234363840Log SED (in)
8'10'12'14'16'18'20'
0.111 Taper (in per ft):
Scaling Segment Length
Scribner Diameter Bias (in):Scribner Trim-Logs to 16'
Scribner Trim-Logs 17'+ (ft):
0.00
0.50
1.00
Cubic Meters per MBF Scribner Cubic Meters per MBF Scribner Decimal C, Decimal C, Gross Short Log Scale Gross Short Log Scale
Today TodayMore than Half of the More than Half of the Harvest Produces Logs Harvest Produces Logs Under 10 inches SED Under 10 inches SED
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46810121416182022242628303234363840Log SED (in)
8'10'12'14'16'18'20'
0.111 Taper (in per ft):
Scaling Segment Length
Scribner Diameter Bias (in):Scribner Trim-Logs to 16'
Scribner Trim-Logs 17'+ (ft):
0.00
0.50
1.00
Tons per MBF Scribner Tons per MBF ScribnerDecimal C, Gross Short Log Scale Decimal C, Gross Short Log Scale
Weight Is Blind Weight Is Blind
••Ignore Trim Ignore Trim••Ignore Taper Ignore Taper••Truncate Diameter Truncate Diameter
On the Plus Side On the Plus Side Weight WeightCan Can’’tt::
••Round to Round to XX#lbs #lbsIt Can It Can’’tt““See See””Cracks, or Cracks, or Any Other Defects Any Other Defects
--0.003% 0.003% The Alternatives: The Alternatives:••Weight WeightisisWeight Weight
••Cubic Cubic~~Cubic Cubic
••Board Foot Board Foot
of Lumber of Lumber
isisnot nota Board Foot a Board Foot
in Scribner
Where its goal is to measure total solid-wood fiber
Hypothetical Mill Test for 100 m Hypothetical Mill Test for 100 m33of Logs of Logsin Each Diameter Class from 6 in Each Diameter Class from 6””to 11 to 11””
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5%
10%
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25%
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Distribution ofLog Lengths
••Constant Taper of Constant Taper of1 inch in 9 feet 1 inch in 9 feet
••Defect Defect--Free DF Logs Free DF Logs
••Same Distribution of Same Distribution ofLengths in Each Lengths in Each Diameter Class Diameter Class
Assumptions Assumptions
Hypothetical Mill Test for 100 m Hypothetical Mill Test for 100 m33of Logs of Logsin Each Diameter Class from 6 in Each Diameter Class from 6””to 11 to 11””
Logs In Logs In66””77””88””99””1010””1111””
Cubic Meters 100 100 100 100 100 100 Cubic Meters 100 100 100 100 100 100# of Logs 338 267 217 179 150 128 # of Logs 338 267 217 179 150 128
Tons 113 111 110 108 104 103 Tons 113 111 110 108 104 103
LLS 12.5 12.5 12.2 12.8 14.4 15. LLS 12.5 12.5 12.2 12.8 14.4 15.33SLS 14.1 15.1 15.9 16.6 17.9 18. SLS 14.1 15.1 15.9 16.6 17.9 18.55
Scribner MBF: Scribner MBF:
MBF LT 25.5 27.4 29.0 30.3 31.4 32.4 MBF LT 25.5 27.4 29.0 30.3 31.4 32.4BDU 19 18 16 15 14 BDU 19 18 16 15 141313
Lumber & Chips Out Lumber & Chips Out
Hypothetical Mill Test for 100 m Hypothetical Mill Test for 100 m33of Logs of Logsin Each Diameter Class from 6 in Each Diameter Class from 6””to 11 to 11””
SED: SED:66””77””88””99””1010””1111””
BF / m BF / m33260 278 297 313 326 335 260 278 297 313 326 335BF / Ton 232 249 269 290 312 325 BF / Ton 232 249 269 290 312 325
Lumber Recovery Factors Lumber Recovery Factors
Short Log 1.92 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.79 1.78 Short Log 1.92 1.87 1.87 1.87 1.79 1.78Long Log 1.98 2.07 2.21 2.10 1.92 1.97 Long Log 1.98 2.07 2.21 2.10 1.92 1.97
Scribner ScribnerOverrun: Overrun:
Total Sales Revenue, Total Sales Revenue,Revenue per m Revenue per m33and Revenue per Ton and Revenue per Ton
Total Revenue
Total Revenue
Ave. R
evenueA
ve. Revenue
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
6"7"8"9"10"11"$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120Rev. per m3
Rev. per Ton
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
6"7"8"9"10"11"$500
$550
$600
$650
$700
$750
$800
Total Sales Revenue, Total Sales Revenue,Revenue per MBF Scribner, LLS & SLS Revenue per MBF Scribner, LLS & SLS
Total Revenue
Total Revenue
Ave. R
evenueA
ve. Revenue
Rev. per MBF LLS
Rev. per MBF SLS
$320$330$340$350$360$370$380$390$400$410$420$430$440$450$460$470$480$490$500
6"7"8"9"10"11"
Return To Log Value Return To Log Value
$/MBF SL Scribner $/MBF SL Scribner
$/MBF LL Scribner $/MBF LL Scribner
$170$180$190$200$210$220$230
6"7"8"9"10"11"
$40$50$60$70$80
6"7"8"9"10"11"
$/Ton $/Ton$/Cubic Meter $/Cubic Meter
$/MBF Lumber Tally $/MBF Lumber Tally
Tons per MBF Scribner Conversion Factors Tons per MBF Scribner Conversion FactorsWashington Department of Revenue (DOR) Washington Department of Revenue (DOR)
Westside WestsideLL Scribner LL Scribner
WA DOR Tons/MBF Factor WA DOR Tons/MBF FactorEastside EastsideSL Scribner SL Scribner
WA DOR Conversion Factor to translate WA DOR Conversion Factor to translatefrom SL to LL Scribner is: from SL to LL Scribner is:0.82 0.82
Douglas Douglas--fir fir5.50 5.507.50 7.50
Western Hemlock Western Hemlock5.50 5.508.25 8.25Western Red Cedar Western Red Cedar4.50 4.507.00 7.00
Implied ImpliedSL / LL SL / LL
Factor Factor
÷÷==0.73 0.73
÷÷==0.67 0.67÷÷==0.64 0.64
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46810121416182022242628303234363840Log SED (in)
8'10'12'14'16'18'20'
0.111 Taper (in per ft):
Scaling Segment Length
Scribner Diameter Bias (in):Scribner Trim-Logs to 16'
Scribner Trim-Logs 17'+ (ft):
0.00
0.50
1.00
Tons per MBF Scribner Tons per MBF ScribnerDecimal C, Gross Short Log Scale Decimal C, Gross Short Log Scale
WA DOR Tons/MBF Factor for DF WA DOR Tons/MBF Factor for DF
0123456789
10
02468101214161820
WA DOR
Montana
Washington
Log Diameter (SED)
Tons per MB
F Douglas Douglas--fir: fir:Tons/MBF Net Scribner SLS Tons/MBF Net Scribner SLS
Montana & Washington Scale Data Compared With Montana & Washington Scale Data Compared WithWA DOR Statutory Conversion @ WA DOR Statutory Conversion @ 5.5 5.5Tons/MBF Tons/MBF
Using A Tons/MBF Factor That Is Too Low Using A Tons/MBF Factor That Is Too Low Results in Overpayment of Taxes Results in Overpayment of Taxes
IfIfCorrect CorrectTons/MBF Tons/MBFFactor is: Factor is:
Using 5.50 Tons/MBF Using 5.50 Tons/MBFWill Cause Excise Tax Will Cause Excise Tax Overpayment of: Overpayment of:
6.50 6.5018% 18%36% 36% 7.50 7.5055% 55% 8.50 8.50