Trade Union Movement in India
Transcript of Trade Union Movement in India
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TRADE UNION MOVEMENT IN INDIA
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What is a trade union?
An association either of employees or employers of independent workers.
A relatively permanent formation of workers.
Not a temporary or casual combination of workers.
Formed for securing certain economic, social benefits to members.
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HISTORY
1918-1924 Era of modern trade unionism
Madras labour union,Ahmedabad textile labour association Calcutta clerk’s union,All India postal
1920-All trade union congress started
Trade union-strikes-economy down-increased wages-labour shortage.
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HISTORY CONT……..
1925-1934 Spilt in AITUC-leftist and rightist
Using all India trade union federation 1920
Trade unions act 1926-registration of trade union and legal protection
Trade Disputes Act(1929)-adohc conciliation of board and court of enquiry for settlement of trade disputes affect whole community
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1935-1938 Unity forced –revival-1935 All India trade
congress merged with AITUC
1938-Bombay industrial Disputes Act Compulsory recognition of trade union by
employers Prohibition of strike and lockout
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1939-1946 Postwar retrenchment and unemployment-increase
in trade union and women workers and strikes1946 Industrial Enactment Act uniformity in
workmen,employment and minimise conflict1947 To diversified on political considerations Labour leaders of congress party.
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1948 Socialist Party-Hindu Mazdoor Sabha
1949-United trade union congress
On July 1954 –Bharat Mazdoor Sangh1960-changes in Trade Union Act
1964-All India Trade Union congress by independent unions-but vain.
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Objectives of trade union Wages and salaries
Working conditions Discipline
Personal policies
Welfare
Employee-employer relation
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Principles of trade unionism
Unity is strength
Equal pay for equal work
Security of service
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Why do workers join a trade union……
To get economic security .
To communicate their views,aims,ideas,feelings and frustrations to the management.
To secure protection from economic hazards beyond their control.
To get along with their fellow workers in a better way and to gain respect in the eyes of their peers.
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Five major central trade union organisations….
o INTUC
o AITUC
o HMS
o BMS
o CITU
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INTUC(Indian National Trade Union Congress)
• It was formed by G.SanjeevaReddy,RajendraPrasad on May3,1947.
• This labour organisation has 3,135 affiliated trade unions with a total membership of 30,70,795 members.
• It has strong roots in WestBengal,Assam,Gujrat,Bihar and Maharashtra.
• It was the labour wing of the congress party.
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AITUC(All India Trade Union Congress)
• It was the second largest federation with 2,879 trade unions and a membership of 26,41,301 workers.
• It was formed by GurudasGuptha in 1920.
• It has strong roots in WestBengal,TamilNadu,Kerala,AndhraPradesh,Punjab and Delhi.
• The AITUC was the labour wing of the Communist Party of India.
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HMS(Hindu Mazdoor Sangh)
• It was the third largest federation with 635 trade unions and a membership of 11,44,164 workers.
• It was formed by ManoharKotwal,Umramol Purohit on Dec29,1948.
• The HMS was the labour wing of Praja Socialist Party.
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BMS(Bharat Mazdoor Sangh)
• It is the largest central trade union organisation in India .
• Founded by Dattopantji thengdi on July 23, 1955.
• This labour organisation has 5860 trade unions with a total membership of 62,15,797 workers.
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CITU(The Centre of Indian Trade Union)
• This labour organisation has 2,231 affiliated trade unions with a total membership of 11,12,328 workers.
• It was formed by Mk Pandhe in 1970.
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Problems of Trade Union• Uneven growth
• Small size of unions
• Financial weakness
• Leadership issues
• Multiplicity of trade unions and rivalries
• Political involvement in unions
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What is a trade union recognition?
• A trade union is “recognised” by an employer when it negotiates agreements with employers on pay and other terms and conditions of employment on behalf of a group of workers, defined as the ‘bargaining unit’. This process is known as ‘collective bargaining’.
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Voluntary trade union recognition• When a union uses voluntary means to get
recognition, it will contact the employer without using any legal procedure.
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Statutory trade union recognition
An independent trade union may make an application to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for recognition in organisations that employ at least 21 workers
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