Trade Marks

Basic Facts

About

Trademarks

United States Patent and Trademark Office

October 2010

Alexandria, Virginia


CONTENTS

TRADEMARK, COPYRIGHT, OR PATENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

SHOULD I REGISTER MY MARK? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

WHAT DOES THE USPTO DO? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

WHAT DOES THE USPTO NOT DO? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

HOW DO I FILE A TRADEMARK APPLICATION? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

WHAT IS THE FILING DATE AND HOW IS THE FILING DATE DETERMINED? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

WHAT INFORMATION SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE APPLICATION? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

OWNER OF THE MARK (APPLICANT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

NAME AND ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

DEPICTION OF THE MARK (“THE DRAWING”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

GOODS/SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

APPLICATION FILING FEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

BASIS FOR FILING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

SPECIMEN FOR USE-BASED APPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

SIGNATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

WHAT HAPPENS AFTER I FILE MY APPLICATION? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

LEGAL AND PROCEDURAL REVIEW OF APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

PUBLICATION FOR OPPOSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

WHAT HAPPENS AFTER PUBLICATION? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE ISSUES FOR USE IN COMMERCE APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE (NOA) ISSUES FOR INTENT TO USE APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

HOW DO I ESTABLISH USE OF THE MARK IF I FILED AN INTENT TO USE APPLICATION? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

MAINTAINING A FEDERAL TRADEMARK REGISTRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

FEES FOR FILING TRADEMARK-RELATED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

FOR MORE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

INTERNATIONAL SCHEDULE OF CLASSES OF GOODS AND SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

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Basic Facts About Trademarks

TRADEMARK, COPYRIGHT, OR PATENT

What is a trademark or service mark?

•Atrademarkisaword,phrase,symbol,ordesign,oracombinationthereof,thatidentifiesanddistinguishesthesourceofthegoodsofonepartyfromthoseofothers.

•Aservice markisthesameasatrademark,exceptthatitidentifiesanddistinguishesthesourceofa service rather thangoods.Throughout thisbooklet, the terms“trademark”and“mark”refertobothtrademarksandservicemarks.

Do Trademarks, Copyrights, and Patents protect the same things?

No.Trademarks,copyrights,andpatentsprotectdifferenttypesofintellectualproperty.Atrademarktypically protects brandnames and logos used on goods and services.A copyright protects anoriginalartisticorliterarywork.Apatentprotectsaninvention.Forexample,ifyouinventanewkindofvacuumcleaner,youwouldapplyforapatenttoprotecttheinventionitself.Youwouldapplytoregisteratrademarktoprotectthebrandnameofthevacuumcleaner.AndyoumightregisteracopyrightfortheTVcommercialthatyouusetomarkettheproduct.

Forcopyright information,go towww.copyright.gov.Forpatent information,go towww.uspto.gov/patents.

SHOULD I REGISTER MY MARK?

Is registration of my mark required?

No.Youcanestablishrightsinamarkbasedonuseofthemarkincommerce,withoutaregistration.However, owning a federal trademark registration on the Principal Register provides severaladvantages,including:

• Publicnoticeofyourclaimofownershipofthemark;

•Alegalpresumptionofyourownershipofthemarkandyourexclusiverighttousethemarknationwideonorinconnectionwiththegoods/serviceslistedintheregistration;

•Theabilitytobringanactionconcerningthemarkinfederalcourt;

•TheuseoftheU.S.registrationasabasistoobtainregistrationinforeigncountries;

•TheabilitytorecordtheU.S.registrationwiththeU.S.CustomsandBorderProtection(CBP)Servicetopreventimportationofinfringingforeigngoods;

•Therighttousethefederalregistrationsymbol®;and

• ListingintheUnitedStatesPatentandTrademarkOffice’sonlinedatabases.

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When can I use the trademark symbols TM, SM, and ®?

If you claim rights touse amark, youmayuse the “TM” (trademark) or “SM” (servicemark)designationtoalertthepublictoyourclaimofownershipofthemark,regardlessofwhetheryouhavefiledanapplicationwiththeUnitedStatesPatentandTrademarkOffice(USPTO).However,youmayonlyusethefederalregistrationsymbol“®”aftertheUSPTOactuallyregisters a mark,andnotwhileanapplicationispending.Youmayonlyusetheregistrationsymbolwiththemarkon or in connectionwith the goods/services listed in the federal trademark registration.Note:Severalforeigncountriesuse®toindicatethatamarkisregisteredinthatcountry.Useofthesymbolbytheholderofaforeignregistrationmaybeproper.

WHAT DOES THE USPTO DO? TheUSPTOreviewstrademarkapplicationsanddetermineswhethertheapplied-formarkmeetsthe requirements for federal registration. USPTO employees will answer questions about theapplicationprocessfreeofcharge.

WHAT DOES THE USPTO NOT DO?TheUSPTOdoesnotdecidewhetheryouhave theright touseamark(whichdiffers fromtherighttoregister).Itisnotmandatorytoobtainafederalregistrationinordertoacquirerightsinamark.TheUSPTOdoesnotenforceyourrightsinthemarkorbringlegalactionagainstapotentialinfringer.Inaddition,USPTOemployeescannot:

•Conducttrademarksearchesforthepublic;

•Commentonthevalidityofregisteredmarks;

•Answerquestionspriortofilingonwhetheraparticularmarkortypeofmarkiseligiblefortrademarkregistration;or

•Offer legal advice or opinions about common law trademark rights, state registrations, ortrademarkinfringementclaims.

HOW DO I FILE A TRADEMARK APPLICATION?

Is there a form for filing my application?

Yes. You can file your application directly over the Internet using the Trademark ElectronicApplication System (TEAS) at http://www.uspto.gov/teas. Two options are available: regularTEASandTEASPlus.Bothoptionsallowyoutopaybycreditcard,electronicfundstransfer,orthroughanexistingUSPTOdepositaccount.Electronicfilinghasmanyadvantagesoverfilingonpaper,including:

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•On-line help.Hyperlinksprovidehelpsectionsforeachoftheapplicationfields.

•Validation function. TEAS checks information to help avoid the omission of importantinformation.

• Immediate reply.TheUSPTOimmediatelyissuesaninitialfilingreceiptviae-mailcontainingtheassignedapplicationserialnumberandasummaryofthesubmission.

•24-hour availability.TEASisavailable24hoursaday,7daysaweek(except2a.m.to6a.m.Sundayswhenyoucannotpaybycreditcard,althoughyoucancreateformsandsavethemforlaterfiling).YoucanreceiveafilingdateuntilmidnightEasternStandardTimeonanydate.

•Lower filing fees.ThefilingfeeforusingTEASislowerthanthefeeforfilingonpaper.If you use the TEAS Plus form, the fee is even lower than the regular TEAS application.

•More accurate filing receipts.Mostofyourinformationistransferreddirectlyfromwhatyouenterintothedatabaseandisgenerallynotre-enteredbyhandattheUSPTO.

IfyoudonothaveInternetaccess,youcanaccessTEASatanyPatentandTrademarkDepositoryLibrary(PTDL)throughouttheUnitedStates.ManypubliclibrariesalsoprovideInternetaccess.

What is the difference between the regular TEAS and the TEAS Plus application options?

ThefilingfeeforaregularTEASapplicationis$325perclassofgoods/services.TheTEASPlusapplicationhasalowerfilingfeeof$275perclassofgoods/services,andyoumustmeetcertainadditional requirements. For example, youmust be able to select an entry or entries from theUSPTO’s Acceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual that accurately describe yourgoods/services. Additionally, youmust file communications regarding the application throughTEAS,andreceivecommunicationsconcerningtheapplicationbye-mail.IfyoufailtomeettheTEASPlusrequirements,theUSPTOwillrequirethatyoupayanadditionalfeeof$50perclass.

Are there other ways to file than by the Internet?

Yes.WerecommendusingTEAS,butyoumayfileapaperapplication.Toobtainaprintedformyou can call theUSPTO’s automated telephone line at 1-800-786-9199.Ourmailing address isCommissionerforTrademarks,P.O.Box1451,Alexandria,VA22313-1451.YoumayNOTsubmitanapplicationbyfacsimile.

Is a search of the USPTO database necessary before filing?

ItisadvisabletoconductasearchoftheUSPTOdatabasebeforefilingyourapplicationtodetermineif there is a registered or pendingmark that is similar to yours. Youmay search theUSPTO’sTrademarkElectronicSearchSystem(TESS)databasefreeofchargebeforefilingoryoumaywishtohireanattorneytoperformthesearchandassesstheresultsforyou.

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TheUSPTOcannotsearchyourmarkforyoupriortofiling.Afterfiling,theUSPTOwillconductasearchandwillrefusetoregisteryourmarkifthereisanotherregisteredmarkorpendingmarksimilartoyoursforrelatedgoods/services.

TheUSPTOdatabaseisavailablethroughwww.uspto.govunder“SearchMarks”.Alternatively,youcansearchthedatabaseataPatentandTrademarkDepositoryLibrary(PTDL).InformationaboutPTDLlocationsisavailablethroughwww.uspto.gov.

Informationonhowtosearchthedatabase(includingsomesearchstrategies)isavailablethroughwww.uspto.gov.

Do I have to hire an attorney?

No.Youarenotrequiredtohireanattorney,butifyoudecidetoprepareandsubmityourownapplication,youmustcomplywithallrequirementsofthetrademarkstatutesandrulesandmayberequiredtorespondtolegalissuesraisedbytheUSPTO.Becausetheapplicationprocesscanbecomplex,manyapplicantschoosetoappointanattorneytorepresentthem.Ifyouchoosetoappointanattorney,wewillonlycommunicatewithyourattorney.TheUSPTOcannothelpyouselectanattorney.However,theAmericanBarAssociationwebsiteincludesinformationonhowtofindlocalattorneyswhopracticetrademarklaw.

WHAT IS THE FILING DATE AND HOW IS THE FILING DATE DETERMINED?IfyoutransmityourapplicationovertheInternet,thefilingdateisthedatethetransmissionreachestheUSPTOserver,inEasternStandardTime.Ifyoufileonpaper,thefilingdateofanapplicationisthedatetheUSPTOreceivestheapplication.TheUSPTOreliesonafilingdatetoassesspriorityamongapplications.

Receiving a filing date does not mean that you have satisfied ALL registration requirements.Toobtaina registration, youmust complywith all application requirements andovercome any refusal(s)issuedbytheUSPTOduringexamination.

WHAT INFORMATION SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE APPLICATION? •OWNEROFTHEMARK(APPLICANT)

•NAMEANDADDRESSFORCORRESPONDENCE

•DEPICTIONOFTHEMARK(“THEDRAWING”)

•GOODS/SERVICES

•APPLICATIONFILINGFEE

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•BASISFORFILING

• SPECIMENFORUSE-BASEDAPPLICATIONS

• SIGNATURE

Exceptforpaymentinformation,alldatayousubmittotheUSPTO,includingyourphonenumber,e-mailaddress,andstreetaddress,willbecomepartofapublicrecordandwillbeviewablethroughtheInternet.

OWNER OF THE MARK (APPLICANT)Theapplicationmustbefiledinthenameoftheownerofthemark.Theownerofthemarkisthepersonorentitywhocontrolsthenatureandqualityofthegoods/servicesidentifiedbythemark.Theownerisnotnecessarilythenameofthepersonfillingouttheform.Theownermaybeanindividual,corporation,partnership,LLC,orothertypeoflegalentity.

Must I be a U.S. citizen to apply?

No.YouarenotrequiredtobeaU.S.citizentoapplyforandobtainafederalregistration.

NAME AND ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCEThe applicant’s name and street address is required for the USPTO to send communicationsconcerning the application. If the applicant alsoprovides an e-mail address and authorizes theUSPTO to correspond electronically, the USPTO will send notices regarding the applicationby e-mail. Applicants who file using the TEAS PLUS form are required to authorize e-mailcorrespondence.

ApplicantswhoresideoutsidetheUnitedStatesmayincludethenameandaddressofadomesticrepresentativeontheirapplication.AdomesticrepresentativeisapersonresidingintheU.S.uponwhomnoticesorprocessmaybeservedforproceedingsaffectingthemark.

ChangesofAddress:Youmustkeepyourmailingaddressand/ore-mailaddressuptodatewiththeUSPTO.ChangesofaddressshouldbefiledusingtheChangeofCorrespondenceAddressformonTEASathttp://www.uspto.gov/teas.Ifyousendachangeofaddressonpaper,pleaseincludetheapplicant’sname,themark,andtheapplicationserialnumberandmailto:CommissionerforTrademarks,P.O.Box1451,Alexandria,VA22313-1451.

DEPICTION OF THE MARK (“THE DRAWING”) Everyapplicationmustincludeaclearimageofthemark(“thedrawing”).TheUSPTOusesthedrawingtouploadthemarkintotheUSPTOsearchdatabaseandtoprintthemarkintheOfficial Gazetteandontheregistrationcertificate.

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Therearetwotypesofdrawings:“standardcharacter”and“specialform.”

What is a “standard character” drawing?

Astandardcharacterdrawingiscommonlysubmittedwhenthemarkyouwishtoregisterconsistssolelyofwords,letters,ornumbers.Astandardcharactermarkprotectsthewordingitself,withoutlimitingthemarktoaspecificfont,style,size,orcolorandthereforegivesyoubroaderprotectionthanaspecialformdrawing.

Astandardcharacterdrawingmusthavethefollowingcharacteristics:

•Nodesignelement;

•Nostylizationofletteringand/ornumbers;

•AnylettersandwordsinLatincharacters;

•AnynumbersinRomanorArabicnumerals;

•Onlycommonpunctuationordiacriticalmarks.

TheUSPTOhascreatedastandardcharactersetthat lists letters,numerals,punctuationmarks,anddiacriticalmarksthatmaybeusedinastandardcharacterdrawing.ThesetisavailableontheUSPTO’swebsiteathttp://teas.uspto.gov/standardCharacterSet.html.

How do I file a standard character drawing?

Whenyoufileelectronically,TEASgeneratesastandardcharacterdrawingforyou,basedontheinformationyouenterontheformunder“enterthemarkhere.”

Whenyoufileonpaper,youmustusestandardletter-sizepaperandincludetheseelementsatthetopofthe“drawingpage”aspartofyourapplication:applicant’sname;correspondenceaddress;andthefollowingstatement:“Themarkispresentedinstandardcharacterformatwithoutclaimtoanyparticularfontstyle,sizeorcolor.”Therepresentationofthemarkmustappearinthemiddleofthepage.

What is a “special form” drawing?

Ifyourmarkincludesadesignorlogo,aloneorwithwording,oriftheparticularstyleofletteringorparticularcolor(s)isimportant,youmustselectthe“specialform”drawingformat.

How do I file a “special form” drawing?

Whenyoufileelectronically,youmustuploadanimageofyourmarkintotheTEASform.Themarkimagemustbein.jpgformatandshouldhavelittleornowhitespaceappearingaroundthedesignofthemark.Markimagesshouldnotincludethetrademark,servicemarkorregistrationsymbols(TM,SM,®).Unlessacolorimageisbeingsubmittedforamarkwhereincolorisclaimedasafeatureofthemark,themarkimageshouldbepureblack-and-white.

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Whenyoufileonpaper,youmustusestandardletter-sizepaperandincludetheapplicant’snameandcorrespondenceaddressatthetopofthedrawingpageaspartofyourapplication.Themarkmustappearinthemiddleofthepage.

ThefollowingisanexampleofaproperspecialformdrawingpageforanapplicationfiledonpaperforthemarkT.MARKEYandthedesignofT.MARKEY:

Applicant’s Name:JeffersonPartners,Inc.

Correspondence Address:100MainStreet,AnyTown,MO12345

Should I submit a color drawing or a black-and-white drawing?

Generally,youmaysubmitablack-and-whitedrawingevenifyouuseyourmarkincolor,becauseablack-and-whitedrawingcoversuseofyourmarkinanycolor.Toclaimaspecificcolor(s),youmustsubmitacolordrawingofyourmark.

What are the requirements if I submit a color drawing?

Youmustsubmitthefollowing:(1)a“colorclaim”namingthecolor(s)andstatingthatthecolor(s)isafeatureofthemark;and(2)aseparatestatementdescribingthemarkandstatingwherethecolor(s)appearsinthemark.

GOODS/SERVICES

What is the difference between goods and services?

Goodsareproducts,suchasbicyclesorcandles.Servicesareactivitiesperformedforthebenefitofsomeoneelse,suchasbicyclerentalservicesorcatering.

Thedifferencebetweengoodsandservicesmaybeconfusing.Areyourcustomerspaying foraproductorpayingyoutoperformaspecificactivity?Ifyourcustomerispayingyouforaproduct,suchasacandleorbicycle,thenyouhavegoods.However,ifyourcustomerispayingyoutoperformanactivity,suchascateringorbicyclerental,thenyouhaveservices.Youmaylistbothgoodsandservicesinanapplication.

Youmustlistthespecificgoods/servicesforwhichyouwanttoregisteryourmark.Ifyouarefilingbasedupon“useincommerce,”youmustbeusingthemarkincommerceonallthegoods/serviceslisted.Ifyouarefilingbasedupona“bonafideintenttousethemark,”youmusthaveagoodfaith

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orbonafideintenttousethemarkonallthegoods/serviceslisted.

YoushouldchecktheUSPTO’sAcceptable Identification of Goods and Services Manual (ID Manual)athttp://tess2.uspto.gov/netahtml/tidm.html,whichcontainsalistingofacceptableidentificationsof goods and services. Any entry you choosemust accurately describe your goods/services. Afailuretocorrectlylistthegoods/serviceswithwhichyouusethemark,orintendtousethemark,maypreventyoufromregisteringyourmark.Youwillnotbegivenarefundofanyfeespaid.

IftheID Manualdoesnotcontainanaccuratelistingforyourgoods/services,youmustdescribethemusingclear,concisetermsthatthegeneralpubliceasilyunderstands.Ifyoulistvagueterms,suchas“miscellaneousservices”or“companyname,”yourapplicationwillbeconsideredvoidandyoumustfileanewapplication.

IfusingtheTEASPLUSform,youmustchooseyourgoods/servicesfromtheID Manual.Therefore,youshouldchecktheID Manualpriortofillingouttheform.IfnoID Manualentryaccuratelyidentifiesyourgoods/services,youcannotuse theTEASPLUSform.However,youcanuse theregularTEASform.

May I change the goods/services after filing my application?

Youmayclarifyorlimitthegoods/servicesbutyoumaynotexpandorbroadenthegoods/services.For example, if youfiled for “shirts,” youmay limit thegoods to specific typesof shirts suchas“t-shirtsandsweatshirts.”However,youmaynotchangethegoodsto“shirtsandpants.”Likewise,ifyoufilefor“jewelry,”youmaychangethegoodstospecifictypesofjewelrysuchas“jewelry,namely,earrings.”However,youmaynotchangethegoodstoaservicesuchas“jewelrystores.”

APPLICATION FILING FEE Applicationfiling feesarebasedon the typeof application formused (paper, regularTEAS,orTEASPlus)andthenumberofInternationalClassesofGoodsorServicesintheapplication.PaperapplicationshavethehighestfilingfeeandTEASPlusapplicationshavethelowestfilingfee.Forcurrentfeesfortrademarkapplications,seethecurrentUSPTOFeeScheduleatwww.uspto.govorcalltheTrademarkAssistanceCenterat1-800-786-9199.

Goods and services are sorted into categories called “InternationalClasses.”Each InternationalClassrequiresaseparatefilingfee.ForalistingoftheInternationalClasses,seetheInternationalScheduleofClassesofGoodsandServicesatthebackofthisbooklet.

TheTEASandTEASPlusformsacceptpaymentbycreditcardandelectronicfundstransferorthroughanexistingUSPTOdepositaccount.Ifyouarefilingonpaper,youcandownloadtheformforauthorizingcredit-cardchargesfromtheUSPTOwebsiteathttp://www.uspto.gov/forms/2038-fill.pdforpaybyacheckormoneyordermadepayableto“DirectoroftheUSPTO.”

Filingfeesarenotrefundable.Ifyourapplicationmeetsthefilingrequirementsbutislaterrefusedonlegalgrounds,theapplicationfilingfeewillnotberefunded.

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BASIS FOR FILING Theapplicationmustspecifyyour“basis”forfiling.MostU.S.applicantsbasetheirapplicationoneithertheircurrentuseofthemarkincommerceortheirintenttousethemarkincommerceinthefuture.

What is the difference between a “use in commerce” application and an “intent to use” application?

Undereitherbasis,prior to registrationyoumustdemonstrate thatyouhaveused themark incommerce.Thebasicdifferencebetweenthesetwofilingbasesiswhetheryouhavestartedtousethemarkonall thegoods/services. Ifyouhavealreadyusedyourmark incommerce,youmayfileunderthe“useincommerce”basis.Ifyouhavenotyetusedyourmark,butintendtouseitinthefuture,youmustfileunderthe“intenttouse”basis.An“intenttouse”basisrequiresfilinganadditionalformandfeethatareunnecessaryifyoufileunder“useincommerce.”Forinformationontheadditionalform,seethe“HOW DO I ESTABLISH USE OF THE MARK IF I FILED AN INTENT TO USE APPLICATION?”sectiononpage14.

What is a “use in commerce” basis?

For applications filed under the use in commerce basis, you must be using the mark in thesale or transport of goods or the rendering of services in “interstate” commerce betweenmore than one state orU.S. territory, or in commerce between theU.S. and another country.For goods, the mark must appear on the goods (e.g., tags or labels), the container for thegoods, or displays associatedwith the goods. For services, themarkmust be used in the saleoradvertisingoftheservices.

How do I establish my “use in commerce” basis?

• Provide thedateoffirstuseof themark anywhere and thedateoffirstuseof themark incommerce.

• Submitaspecimen(example)showinghowyouusethemarkincommerce.Seethe“SPECIMEN”sectiononpage10.

What is the difference between the “date of first use anywhere” and the “date of first use in commerce”?

Thedateoffirstuseanywhereisthedateonwhichthegoodswerefirstsoldortransportedortheserviceswerefirstprovidedunderthemarkevenifthatusewasonlylocal.ThedateoffirstuseincommerceisthedateonwhichthegoodswerefirstsoldortransportedortheserviceswerefirstprovidedunderthemarkbetweenmorethanonestateorU.S.territory,orincommercebetweentheU.S.andanothercountry.Thedateoffirstuseanywheremustbethesameasorearlierthanthedateoffirstuseincommerce.

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What is an “intent to use” basis?

Ifyouhavenotyetusedthemarkbutplantodosointhefuture,youmayfilebasedonagoodfaithorbonafideintenttousethemarkincommerce.Abonafideintenttousethemarkismorethananideaandlessthanmarketready.Forexample,havingabusinessplan,creatingsampleproducts,orperformingotherinitialbusinessactivitiesmayreflectabonafideintenttousethemark.

Is there any other possible filing basis?

Yes.Undercertaininternationalagreements,youmayfileintheU.S.basedonaforeignapplication,foreignregistration,orinternationalregistration.SeetheTrademark Manual of Examining Procedure (TMEP)atChapters1000and1900forthespecificrequirements.

SPECIMEN FOR USE-BASED APPLICATIONS

What is a “specimen” of use and how does it differ from the “drawing”?

Aspecimenisasampleofhowyouactuallyusethemarkincommerceonyourgoodsorwithyourservices.Aspecimenisnotthesameasthedrawing.Thedrawingshowsonlyyourmark,whereasaspecimenshowsthemarkasyourpurchasersencounteritinthemarketplace(e.g.,onthelabelsoronyourwebsite).

What is a proper specimen for use of a mark on goods (products)?

Usually,aspecimenforamarkusedongoodsshowsthe actual goods, or labeling or packaging for thegoods.Forexample,yourspecimenmaybeatagorlabeldisplayingthemark,oraphotographshowingthemarkonthegoodsorpackaging.Thespecimenmaynotbea“mock-up”oftheseitemsbutmustbeasampleofwhatyouactuallyuse.Anexampleofanacceptablespecimenforthemark“T.MARKEY”usedont-shirtsisshownontheright.

Is my website a proper specimen for goods?

Awebsiteisanacceptablespecimenifthemarkappearsnearapictureofthegoods(oradescriptionof thegoods)andyourcustomerscanorderthegoodsfromthewebsite.Awebsite thatmerelyadvertisesthegoodsisnotacceptable.

What is NOT a proper specimen for goods?

Invoices, announcements, order forms, leaflets, brochures, publicity releases, letterhead, andbusinesscardsgenerallyareNOTacceptablespecimensforgoods.

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What is a proper specimen for use of a mark with services?

Aspecimenforamarkusedinconnectionwithservicesmustshowthemarkusedinprovidingoradvertisingtheservices.Forexample,yourspecimenmaybeasign,abrochureabouttheservices,an advertisement for the services, a website, a business card, or stationery showing themark.Thespecimenmustshoworcontainsomereferencetotheservices,thatis,itisnotjustadisplayofthemarkitself.

For example, if the mark sought to be registered is“T.MARKEY”forretailstoresfeaturingmen’ssportswear,a specimen that only shows the mark “T.MARKEY”would not be acceptable, but a specimen that showsthemark“T.MARKEY“ontheclothingstorewouldbeacceptable,asshownontheright.

What is NOT a proper specimen for services?

Printer’sproofsforadvertisementsornewsarticlesaboutyourservicesarenotacceptablebecausetheydonotshowyouruseofthemark.

When do I file the specimen?

Ifyourapplicationisbasedon“use in commerce,”youmustsubmitonespecimenforeachclassofgoods/serviceswhenyoufiletheapplication.

Ifyourapplicationisbasedon“intent to use,”youmustsubmitonespecimenforeachclassofgoods/serviceswhenyoufilethe“allegationofuse.”Theallegationofusemaybefiledpriortopublication(AmendmenttoAllegeUse)orafterpublication(StatementofUse).FormoreinformationontheAllegationofUseseethe“HOW DO I ESTABLISH USE OF THE MARK IF I FILED AN INTENT TO USE APPLICATION?”sectiononpage14.

How do I file the specimen?

Iffilingelectronically,youmustattachanimageofyourspecimenin.jpgor.pdfformat.Toshowthecontextinwhichthemarkisused,theimageshouldincludeasmuchofthelabeloradvertisementaspossible.Forspecimensconsistingofaudioandvideofiles,seeTMEPSection904.03(f).

Iffilingapaperapplication,AmendmenttoAllegeUse,orStatementofUse,thespecimenmustbeflatandnolargerthan8½by11inches(e.g.,alabelorphotographofthepackaging).However,youmaysubmitcompactdiscs,orDVDs,withfilesin.jpg,.pdf,.wav,.wma,.wmv,.mp3,.mpg,or.aviformat.

SIGNATURE Who may sign the application?

Apersonwhoisproperlyauthorizedtosigntheapplicationonbehalfoftheapplicantis:

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•Apersonwithlegalauthoritytobindtheapplicant(e.g.,acorporateofficer);or

•Apersonwithfirsthandknowledgeofthefactsandactualorimpliedauthoritytoactonbehalfoftheapplicant;or

•AnattorneywhoisauthorizedtopracticebeforetheUSPTO.

How do I sign a TEAS application?

In aTEASapplication, you enter an electronic signatureon the formby typing your signaturebetween two forward slashes. Examples of acceptable signatures forTEAS applications include/john doe/or/jrd/.Itisimpermissibleforonepersontoenteranotherperson’ssignature.

What do I have to do after I file the application?

Youmustbediligentinmonitoringthestatusofyourapplication.Thismeansyoumust:

•Checkthestatusofyourpendingapplicationregularly.Werecommendthatyoucheckyourapplication’sstatusevery3to4months.

• PromptlycontacttheUSPTOandrequestcorrectiveactionwhennecessary.

How do I check the status?

Youmay check the status of any pending application through the Trademark Application andRegistrationRetrieval(TARR)databaseathttp://tarr.uspto.gov.Youmusthaveyourserialnumberavailable(aserialnumbergenerallybeginswith76,77,79,or85).IfyoudonothaveaccesstotheInternet,youcancalltheTrademarkAssistanceCenterat1-800-786-9199torequestastatuscheck.

Whenyoucheckyourapplicationstatus,makesurethatyouhavereceivedallcommunicationssenttoyoubytheUSPTOandhavetakenappropriateaction.Also,printacopyoftheTARRstatuspageforyourrecords.

WHAT HAPPENS AFTER I FILE MY APPLICATION? •LEGAL AND PROCEDURAL REVIEW OF APPLICATION

•PUBLICATION FOR OPPOSITION

LEGAL AND PROCEDURAL REVIEW OF APPLICATION Approximately3monthsfromthedateyourapplicationisfiled,theapplicationisassignedtoanexaminingattorneytodeterminewhetherfederallawpermitsregistration.Theexaminingattorneywill examine the written application, the drawing, and any specimen. Federal registration oftrademarksisgovernedbytheTrademarkActof1946,15U.S.C.§1051et seq.,andtheTrademark Rules of Practice,37C.F.R.Part2.

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The examining attorneymay issue a letter (Office action) explaining any reasons for refusingregistrationorother requirements. IfyoureceiveanOfficeaction,youmust submita responsewithin 6 monthsoftheissuedateoftheOfficeaction.YourfilingfeewillNOTberefundediftheapplicationisrefusedregistration.

What is the most common reason an examining attorney refuses registration? Themostcommonreasonforrefusingregistrationisalikelihoodofconfusionwiththemarkina registration or prior application.The examining attorneywill search theUSPTOdatabase todeterminewhether thereare anymarks that are likely to cause confusionwithyourmark.Theprincipalfactorsconsideredbytheexaminingattorneyindeterminingwhethertherewouldbealikelihoodofconfusionare:

•Thesimilarityofthemarks;and

•Thecommercialrelationship(e.g.,channelsoftradeorclassofpurchasers)betweenthegoods/serviceslistedintheapplicationandthoselistedintheregistrationorpendingapplication.

Tofindaconflict,themarksdonothavetobeidenticalandthegoods/servicesdonothavetobethesame.Itmaybeenoughthatthemarksaresimilarandthegoods/servicesarerelated.

What are some other reasons for refusing registration?Registrationmayberefusedifthemarkis:

•Descriptiveforthegoods/services;

•Ageographicterm;

•Asurname;

•Ornamentalasappliedtothegoods.

Foradiscussionoftheseandotherpossiblerefusals,seeChapter1200oftheTrademark Manual of Examining Procedure (TMEP)athttp://tess2.uspto.gov/tmdb/tmep/.

PUBLICATION FOR OPPOSITION Ifnorefusalsoradditionalrequirementsareidentifiedorifallidentifiedissueshavebeenresolved,theexaminingattorneyapprovesthemarkforpublicationintheOfficial Gazette (OG),aweeklyonlinepublication.TheUSPTOwillsendyouaNoticeofPublicationstatingthepublicationdate.

WHAT HAPPENS AFTER PUBLICATION?After publication in the OG, there is a 30-day period in which the public may object to theregistrationofthemarkbyfilinganopposition.Anoppositionissimilartoacourtproceeding,butisheldbeforetheTrademarkTrialandAppealBoard,aUSPTOadministrativetribunal.Athirdpartywhoisconsideringfilinganoppositionmayfirstfilearequestforanextensionoftimetofiletheopposition,whichcoulddelayfurtheractiononyourapplication.

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Thenextstepafterpublicationdependsonyourbasisforfilingtheapplication:

REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE ISSUES FOR USE IN COMMERCE APPLICATIONIfnooppositionisfiledor ifyousuccessfullyovercomeanopposition,youdonotneedtotakeanyactionfortheapplicationtoenterthenextstageoftheprocess.Absentanyopposition-relatedfilings,theUSPTOgenerallywillissuearegistrationcertificateabout12weeksafterpublication,iftheapplicationisbasedupontheactualuseofthemarkincommerce(Section1(a))oronaforeignorinternationalregistration(Section44(e)orSection66(a)).

NOTICE OF ALLOWANCE (NOA) ISSUES FOR INTENT TO USE APPLICATIONIfnooppositionisfiledoryousuccessfullyovercomeanopposition,youdonotneedtotakeanyaction for the application to enter thenext stage of theprocess.Absent anyopposition-relatedfilings,theUSPTOgenerallywillissueaNOAabout8weeksafterpublication.

ANOAindicatesthatyourmarkhasbeenallowed,butdoesnotmeanthatithasregistered.Asthenextsteptoregistration,within6monthsoftheissuedateoftheNOAyoumust:

• Submita“StatementofUse”ifyoufiledbasedonintenttouse(Section1(b))andarenowusingthemarkincommerce;

• Beginusingthemarkincommerceandthensubmita“StatementofUse;”or

• Submitasix-month“RequestforanExtensionofTimetoFileaStatementofUse”ifyouneedadditionaltimetobeginusingthemarkincommerce.

FormsforfilingboththeStatementofUseandExtensionofTimeareathttp://www.uspto.gov/teas.

HOW DO I ESTABLISH USE OF THE MARK IF I FILED AN INTENT TO USE APPLICATION?Notice of Allowance Has Already Issued

IfaNOAhasalreadyissued,youestablishusebyfilingaStatementofUse(SOU)formthatcontainsaswornstatementthatyouarenowusingthemarkincommerceonallthegoods/services.Youmaydeletegoods/servicesforwhichthemarkisnotinuse.TheSOUmustalsoinclude:

•Afilingfeeof$100perclassofgoods/services;

•Thedateoffirstuseofthemarkanywhereandthedateoffirstuseofthemarkincommerce;and

•One specimen (or example) showinghowyouuse themark in commerce for each class ofgoods/services.

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OncetheUSPTOissuestheNOA,youhave6monthstofiletheSOU.The6-monthperiodrunsfromtheissuedateshownontheNOA,notthedateyoureceiveit.Ifyouhavenotusedthemarkincommerce,youmustfileaRequestforanExtensionofTimetoFileaStatementofUse(ExtensionRequest)beforetheendofthe6-monthperiod,ortheapplicationwillbedeclaredabandoned.Youmayrequest5additionalextensionsforuptoatotalof36monthsfromtheNOAissuedate,withastatementofyourongoingeffortstomakeuseofthemarkincommerce.Afilingfeeof$150perclassofgoods/servicesmustaccompanytheExtensionRequest.TheformforfilingtheExtensionRequestisathttp://www.uspto.gov/teas.ThedateofthegrantordenialofanExtensionRequestdoesnotaffectthedeadlineforfilingtheSOUornextExtensionRequest.ThedeadlineisalwayscalculatedfromtheissuedateoftheNOA.

Notice of Allowance Has Not Yet Issued

IftheNOAhasnotyetissuedandtheapplicationhasnotyetbeenapprovedforpublication,youmay file anAmendment toAllegeUse,which includes the same information as the SOU (seeabove).YoumaynotfiletheAmendmenttoAllegeUseduringthe“blackoutperiod”afterapprovalofthemarkforpublicationandbeforeissuanceoftheNOA.Inthatsituation,youmustwaituntilaftertheblackoutperiodtofileyourSOU.

MAINTAINING A FEDERAL TRADEMARK REGISTRATION Tomaintainyourtrademarkregistration,youmustfileyourfirstmaintenancedocumentbeforetheendofthe6thyearaftertheregistrationdateandothermaintenancedocumentsthereafter.Yourregistrationcertificatecontains important informationonmaintainingyour federalregistration.TheUSPTOdoesNOTsendremindernoticeswhenthedocumentsaredue.Formsforfilingthemaintenancedocumentsareathttp://www.uspto.gov/teas.

Rightsinafederallyregisteredtrademarkcanlastindefinitelyifyoucontinuetousethemarkandfileallnecessarymaintenancedocumentsattheappropriatetimes.Youmustfile:

•DeclarationofContinuedUseorExcusableNonuseunderSection8(§8declaration);and

•CombinedDeclarationofContinuedUseandApplicationforRenewalunderSections8and9(combined§§8and9).

A§8declarationisduebeforetheendofthe6-yearperiodaftertheregistrationdateorwithinthe6-monthgraceperiodthereafter.Failuretofilethisdeclarationwillresultinthecancellationoftheregistration.

Acombined§§8and9mustbefiledbeforetheendofevery10-yearperiodaftertheregistrationdateorwithinthe6-monthgraceperiodthereafter.Failuretomaketheserequiredfilingswillresultincancellationand/orexpirationoftheregistration.

Forfurtherinformation,includinginformationregardingthespecialrequirementsthatapplytoMadridProtocolregistrations,see“Maintain/RenewaRegistration”atwww.uspto.govorcontacttheTrademarkAssistanceCenterat1-800-786-9199.

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FEES FOR FILING TRADEMARK-RELATED DOCUMENTSCurrent fees for all trademark filings are available online at www.uspto.gov (click “View FeeSchedule”)orcanbeobtainedbycallingtheTrademarkAssistanceCenterat1-800-786-9199.

For the following documents, fees are based on the total number of InternationalClasses thatthe USPTO assigns to your goods/services. For a listing of the International Classes, see the“InternationalScheduleofClassesofGoodsandServices”attheendofthisbooklet.

Initial Application

TEASPlusapplication-$275perinternationalclass

TEASapplication-$325perinternationalclass

Paperapplication-$375perinternationalclass

Intent to Use documents

AmendmenttoAllegeUse(AAU)-$100perinternationalclass

StatementofUse(SOU)-$100perinternationalclass

RequestforExtensionofTimetofileSOU-$150perinternationalclass

Post Registration maintenance fees

Declaration of Continued Use or Excusable Nonuse under Section 8 (§8 declaration) -$100perinternationalclass

CombinedDeclarationofContinuedUse andApplication forRenewalunder Sections 8 and9(combined§§8and9)-$500perinternationalclass

FOR MORE INFORMATION: •USPTO website at www.uspto.gov, Trademark Basics

For instructional videos, application processing timelines and frequently asked questions (FAQs)

•Trademark Assistance Center 1-800-786-9199 ([email protected])For general trademark information and printed application forms

•Patent and Trademark Depository LibrariesPatentandTrademarkDepositoryLibraries(PTDLs)areanationwidenetworkofpublic,state,andacademiclibrariesthatdisseminatepatentandtrademarkinformationandsupportthediverseintellectualpropertyneedsofthepublic.ThePTDLshavetrainedspecialistswhomayanswerspecificquestionsregardingthetrademarkprocess,buttheydonotprovidelegaladvice.MoreinformationonPTDLs,includingalistofthePTDLsinyourstate,isavailableatwww.uspto.govunder“Products&Services.”

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INTERNATIONAL SCHEDULE OF CLASSES OF GOODS AND SERVICESGOODS Class 1 (Chemicals):Chemicalsusedinindustry,scienceandphotography,aswellasinagriculture,horticultureandforestry;unprocessedartificialresins;unprocessedplastics;manures;fireextinguishingcompositions;temperingandsolderingpreparations;chemicalsubstancesforpreservingfoodstuffs;tanningsubstances;adhesivesusedinindustry.

Class 2 (Paints):Paints,varnishes,lacquers;preservativesagainstrustandagainstdeteriorationofwood;colorants;mordants;rawnaturalresins;metalsinfoilandpowderformforpainters,decorators,printersandartists.

Class 3 (Cosmetics and cleaning preparations):Bleachingpreparationsandothersubstancesforlaundryuse;cleaning,polishing,scouringandabrasivepreparations;soaps;perfumery,essentialoils,cosmetics,hairlotions;dentifrices.

Class 4 (Lubricants and fuels):Industrialoilsandgreases;lubricants;dustabsorbing,wettingandbindingcompositions;fuels(includingmotorspirit)andilluminants;candlesandwicksforlighting.

Class 5 (Pharmaceuticals):Pharmaceuticalandveterinarypreparations;sanitarypreparationsformedicalpurposes;dietetic substancesadapted formedicaluse, food forbabies;plasters,materials fordressings;material for stoppingteeth,dentalwax;disinfectants;preparationsfordestroyingvermin;fungicides,herbicides.

Class 6 (Metal Goods):Commonmetalsandtheiralloys;metalbuildingmaterials;transportablebuildingsofmetal;materialsofmetalforrailwaytracks;nonelectriccablesandwiresofcommonmetal;ironmongery,smallitemsofmetalhardware;pipesandtubesofmetal;safes;goodsofcommonmetalnotincludedinotherclasses;ores.

Class 7 (Machinery):Machinesandmachinetools;motorsandengines(exceptforlandvehicles);machinecouplingandtransmissioncomponents(exceptforlandvehicles);agriculturalimplementsotherthanhand-operated;incubatorsforeggs.

Class 8 (Hand tools):Handtoolsandimplements(hand-operated);cutlery;sidearms;razors.

Class 9 (Electrical and scientific apparatus):Scientific,nautical,surveying,photographic,cinematographic,optical,weighing,measuring,signalling,checking(supervision),life-savingandteachingapparatusandinstruments;apparatusandinstrumentsforconducting,switching,transforming,accumulating,regulatingorcontrollingelectricity;apparatusforrecording, transmissionorreproductionofsoundor images;magneticdatacarriers,recordingdiscs;automaticvendingmachinesandmechanismsforcoinoperatedapparatus;cashregisters,calculatingmachines,dataprocessingequipmentandcomputers;fireextinguishingapparatus.

Class 10 (Medical apparatus):Surgical,medical,dental,andveterinaryapparatusandinstruments,artificiallimbs,eyes,andteeth;orthopedicarticles;suturematerials.

Class 11 (Environmental control apparatus):Apparatusforlighting,heating,steamgenerating,cooking,refrigerating,drying,ventilating,watersupply,andsanitarypurposes.

Class 12 (Vehicles):Vehicles;apparatusforlocomotionbyland,air,orwater.

Class 13 (Firearms):Firearms;ammunitionandprojectiles;explosives;fireworks.

Class 14 (Jewelry):Preciousmetalsandtheiralloysandgoodsinpreciousmetalsorcoatedtherewith,notincludedinotherclasses;jewelry,preciousstones;horologicalandchronometricinstruments.

Class 15 (Musical Instruments):Musicalinstruments.

Class 16 (Paper goods and printed matter):Paper,cardboardandgoodsmadefromthesematerials,notincludedinotherclasses;printedmatter;bookbindingmaterial;photographs;stationery;adhesivesforstationeryorhouseholdpurposes; artists’ materials; paint brushes; typewriters and office requisites (except furniture); instructional andteachingmaterial (exceptapparatus);plasticmaterials forpackaging (not included inotherclasses);printers’ type;printingblocks.

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Class 17 (Rubber goods):Rubber,gutta-percha,gum,asbestos,micaandgoodsmadefromthesematerialsandnotincludedinotherclasses;plasticsinextrudedformforuseinmanufacture;packing,stoppingandinsulatingmaterials;flexiblepipes,notofmetal.

Class 18 (Leather goods):Leatherandimitationsofleather,andgoodsmadeofthesematerialsandnotincludedinotherclasses;animalskins,hides;trunksandtravellingbags;umbrellas,parasolsandwalkingsticks;whips,harnessandsaddlery.

Class 19 (Nonmetallic building materials):Buildingmaterials(non-metallic);nonmetallicrigidpipesforbuilding;asphalt,pitchandbitumen;nonmetallictransportablebuildings;monuments,notofmetal.

Class 20 (Furniture and articles not otherwise classified):Furniture,mirrors,pictureframes;goods(notincludedin other classes) of wood, cork, reed, cane, wicker, horn, bone, ivory, whalebone, shell, amber, mother-of-pearl,meerschaumandsubstitutesforallthesematerials,orofplastics.

Class 21 (Housewares and glass):Householdorkitchenutensilsandcontainers;combsandsponges;brushes(exceptpaintbrushes);brush-makingmaterials;articles forcleaningpurposes; steel-wool;unworkedorsemi-workedglass(exceptglassusedinbuilding);glassware,porcelainandearthenwarenotincludedinotherclasses.

Class 22 (Cordage and fibers):Ropes,string,nets,tents,awnings,tarpaulins,sails,sacksandbags(notincludedinotherclasses);paddingandstuffingmaterials(exceptofrubberorplastics);rawfibroustextilematerials.

Class 23 (Yarns and threads):Yarnsandthreads,fortextileuse.

Class 24 (Fabrics):Textilesandtextilegoods,notincludedinotherclasses;bedsandtablecovers.

Class 25 (Clothing):Clothing,footwear,headgear.

Class 26 (Fancy goods):Laceandembroidery,ribbonsandbraid;buttons,hooksandeyes,pinsandneedles;artificialflowers.

Class 27 (Floor coverings):Carpets,rugs,matsandmatting,linoleumandothermaterialsforcoveringexistingfloors;wallhangings(non-textile).

Class 28 (Toys and sporting goods):Gamesandplaythings;gymnasticandsportingarticlesnotincludedinotherclasses;decorationsforChristmastrees.

Class 29 (Meats and processed foods):Meat, fish, poultry and game;meat extracts; preserved, frozen, dried andcookedfruitsandvegetables;jellies,jams,compotes;eggs,milkandmilkproducts;edibleoilsandfats.

Class 30 (Staple foods):Coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar, rice, tapioca, sago, artificial coffee;flourandpreparationsmadefromcereals,bread,pastryandconfectionery,ices;honey,treacle;yeast,bakingpowder;salt,mustard;vinegar,sauces(condiments);spices;ice.

Class 31 (Natural agricultural products):Agricultural,horticulturalandforestryproductsandgrainsnotincludedinotherclasses;liveanimals;freshfruitsandvegetables;seeds,naturalplantsandflowers;foodstuffsforanimals;malt.

Class 32 (Light beverages):Beers;mineralandaeratedwatersandothernonalcoholicdrinks;fruitdrinksandfruitjuices;syrupsandotherpreparationsformakingbeverages.

Class 33 (Wine and spirits):Alcoholicbeverages(exceptbeers).

Class 34 (Smokers’ articles):Tobacco;smokers’articles;matches.

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SERVICES Class 35 (Advertising and business):Advertising;businessmanagement;businessadministration;officefunctions.

Class 36 (Insurance and financial):Insurance;financialaffairs;monetaryaffairs;realestateaffairs.

Class 37 (Building construction and repair):Buildingconstruction;repair;installationservices.

Class 38 (Telecommunications):Telecommunications.

Class 39 (Transportation and storage):Transport;packagingandstorageofgoods;travelarrangement

Class 40 (Treatment of materials):Treatmentofmaterials.

Class 41 (Education and entertainment): Education; providing of training; entertainment; sporting and culturalactivities.

Class 42 (Computer and scientific):Scientificandtechnologicalservicesandresearchanddesignrelatingthereto;industrialanalysisandresearchservices;designanddevelopmentofcomputerhardwareandsoftware.

Class 43 (Hotels and restaurants):Servicesforprovidingfoodanddrink;temporaryaccommodations.

Class 44 (Medical, beauty & agricultural):Medicalservices;veterinaryservices;hygienicandbeautycareforhumanbeingsoranimals;agriculture,horticultureandforestryservices.

Class 45 (Personal):Legalservices;securityservicesfortheprotectionofpropertyandindividuals;personalandsocialservicesrenderedbyotherstomeettheneedsofindividuals.


An Agency of the United States

Department of Commerce

Trade Marks

Documents

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