Traction

Immobilization Reduction

Inflamation Fracture Dislocation

Traction

Skin traction Skeletal traction

Skin traction

Adhesive Non-adhesive

Contraindications to skin traction

Abrasions of the skin Lacerations of the skin Impairment of circulation Dermatitis Marked shorthening of the bony fragments

Complications of the skin traction

Allergic reaction Excoriation of the skin Pressure sores Common peroneal nerve palsy

Skeletal traction

Pins :– Steinmann pin– Denham pin

Stirrup– Bohler stirrup + Steinmann pin– Kirschner wire + wire strainer

Kirschner wire

Skeletal traction

Coomon sites for application of skeletal traction :– Olecranon– 2nd and 3rd metacarpals– Upper end of femur– Lower end of femur– Upper end of tibia– Lower end of tibia– Calcaneus

Complications of skeletal traction

1. Infection of bone

2. Incorrect placement

3. Distraction at fracture site

4. Ligamentous damage

5. Damage to the epiphyseal growth plate

6. Drepressed scars

Splint

Thomas’s splint Fisk splint

Traction

Fixed traction– Thomas’s splint– Roger anderson Well-leg traction

Sliding traction– Buck’s traction / extension– Perkins traction– Hamilton Russel traction– Tulloch Brown traction– Ninety-ninety taction– Bryant’s / Gallow’s taction– Bohler-Braun fame– Dunlop traction

“Balance skeletal traction”

Spinal traction

Halter or non-skeletal traction Skull or skeletal traction

– Crutchfield tongs– Cone ( Barton ) tongs– Halo splint

Skull traction

Management :– Applying– Traction weight– Radiographs – Gradually increase the weight – Extending the neck– Reducing the weight

Skull traction

Important :– Check the neurological conditions– Check that the tong is firmly applied to the skull– Infection of the scalp– Traction cord– Traction weight– Patient’s position.

Skull traction

Complications of skull traction– Pull out– Penetrate the inner tabule– Osteomyelitis, haematoma, abscess.

Halo body orthosis

Halo-vest Halo-pelvic

Traction

Traction