Toxins in Our Oceans
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Transcript of Toxins in Our Oceans
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Toxins in Our Oceans
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Types of ToxinsPCBs
PBDEsMercury
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PCBs polychlorinated biphenylsUsed in plastics and electronicsBanned in US in 1979 •Severe liver damage leading to cancer•Hormonal imbalances leading to breast cancer
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PBDEs Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Flame retardants used in:•Computers•Televisions•Cars•Furniture Fabrics•Foam Mattresses
Causes:
•Endocrine Disruption•Developmental defects
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MercuryFound in:•Household switches, thermostats•Household lamps•Button-shaped batteries•Latex paint produced before 1992•Coal-burning power plants
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Mercury•Neurological Damage
•Immune System Suppression•Minamata Disease
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BioaccumulationConservative Pollutants cannot be broken down by bacteria so they
stay in the animal and concentrate higher up the food chain.
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Mercury Levels in FishSeafood with mercury levels over 1.0 ppm is considered
unsafe for human consumptionKing Mackerel ~ 0.3-1.67 ppm
Swordfish ~ 0.1-3.22 ppmTilefish ~ 0.65-3.73 ppmShark ~ 0.05-4.54 ppm
Source of data: FDA 1990-2004, "National Marine Fisheries Service Survey of Trace Elements in the Fishery Resource" Report 1978,
"The Occurrence of Mercury in the Fishery Resources of the Gulf of Mexico" Report 2000
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BiomagnificationAnimals at the highest trophic
levels obtain the highest levels of pollutants.
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Toxic Top 10Bottlenose dolphin
OrcaRisso’s dolphin
Harbor sealBeluga
Mediterranean monk sealCommon dolphin
Gray sealPolar bear
Stellar’s sea eagle
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DDT and other contaminants
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Oil Spills…