Toxic and Hazardous Waste

8/13/2019 Toxic and Hazardous Waste

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Toxic and

Hazardouswaste

Members:

Abanes, RionleAlvarez, Jann Terence

Castillo, Gian CarloDe Ocampo, EljonDe Torres, John ReyDimayuga, JoanReyes, John Carlo


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TOXIC WASTE

Toxic waste is

defined as the wastewhich make itdangerous orpotentially harmful tohuman health or the

environmentbecause of itsquantity,concentration,physical, chemical orinfectiouscharacteristics.

Toxic wastes can bein the form of liquids,solids, contained

gases, or sludges.


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TOXIC WASTE

Categories oftoxic waste:

(Listed by the USEnvironmental

Protection Agency )

F-list

K-list

P-list and

the U-list


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Non-specific source

wastes.

Includes waste products

from manufacturing

industries, such asdegreasers. These

wastes are non-specific

source wastes because

processes resulting inhazardous waste vary

from industry to industry.

F-list


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discardedcommercialchemical products;includes

pharmaceuticalwaste or sodiumcyanide, which is

used in theprocessing of goldand silver

K-list


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Source-specificwastes; includes

products such aspesticides that canbe conclusivelytraced to certain

industrial processes

P & U

list


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Effects of Toxic Waste

significantly contribute to an increase inmortality (death)

an increase in serious irreversible, orincapacitating reversible illness

pose a substantial present or potential hazardto human health or the environment whenimproperly treated, stored, transported, ordisposed of, or otherwise managed


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The two major options for getting

rid of those wastes:

They are like a

double-edged sword

because none ofthem has gave

superiority on toxic

waste treatment

Toxic Waste Treatment

Incinerators

Disposal Sites


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Incinerators Incinerators are the

facilities for burning

and destructing

toxic wastes.

Today many of these

facilities are located

in first worldcountries.

Incinerators are not

fully form a solution

for toxic wastes. For some special

and fatal wastes

incinerators can be

useless.


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Incinerators Refuse-derived fuel

Unburnable orrecyclables are removedbefore burning

More time consuming &expensive

Creates less harmfulemissions

Mass burn Dump everything smaller

than a sofa into burn pit Less expensive, easier Causes more air pollution

& maintenance onchimneys

Types of


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Disposal Sites They are also called as

contamination areas. Toxic wastes are preserved in

these areas for naturalrecycle.

But not all of the toxic wastesbelong to nature or can be

easily annihilated by itself. In contamination areas there

must be security measures fortrespassing of peoples andother living creatures.

On the other hand soil itselfmay drain liquid wastesdeeper parts of the earth.

This can cause poisoning ofgroundwater


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HazardousWaste

Their chemical activity ortoxic, explosive, corrosive

or other characteristicscause danger or are likelyto cause danger tohealth or the environment

Any discarded material,liquid or solid that contains

substances known to be: Fatal to humans or lab

animals in low doses

Toxic, carcinogenic,mutagenic, or

teratogenicity to humansor other life-forms

Ignitable with a flash pointless than 60C

Corrosive Explosive or highly reactive

Biggest source of toxinsare chemical & petroleumindustries


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The waste is tested

and meets one ofthe four

characteristics

established byEPA: Ignitable

Corrosive Reactive Toxic


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Causes ofhazardous waste

Businesses such asmetal finishers, gas

stations, auto repair

shops, dry cleaners,and photo

developersproduce many

toxic wasteproducts.


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Causes ofhazardous

waste

Products include

sulfuric acid, heavymetals found in

batteries, and

silver-bearingwaste.


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Causes ofhazardous waste

Heavy metals,

solvents, andcontaminated

wastewater result

from paintmanufacturing.


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Causes of

hazardous wastePhoto processing

also creates

organic chemicals,chromium

compounds,

phosphates, andammonium

compounds.


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Hazardous household waste:

automotive products, such as

gasoline, antifreeze, and batteries oil-based paints and thinners pool chemicals

pesticides, herbicides, and othergarden products household cleaning products


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Effects of hazardous waste

Effects on human health

Ecological effects

Financial effects


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Effects on human health

A person couldexperience: loss of

appetite persistent

fatigue stomach pain

orconstipationinsomnia

reproductive

problems retarded fetal

development nerve damage hearing and vision

impairment poor muscle

coordination


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Ecological effects

Soil, Air, & water pollutionAnimals and plants lives

could be in danger


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Financial effects

Government andnon- government

organization spent

millions forrestoration andcleaning of

hazardous waste ina contaminated

areas.


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Proper Handling

of HHW

The best way to handle

HHW is to reduce the

amount initially

generated by givingleftover products to

someone else to use

Many communities

have set upcollection programs

to prevent HHW from

being disposed of in

MSW landfills andcombustors.

These programs

ensure the safe

disposal of HHW infacilities designed to

treat or dispose of

hazardous waste

Trivia: there are more

than 3,000 HHW

collection programs

exist in the United

States


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Options for Hazardous

Waste Management

Produce Less Waste Convert to Less

Hazardous Waste

Physical Treatments

Incineration

Chemical Processing

Biological Waste

Treatment Store Permanently

Retrievable Storage

Secure Landfills


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Reduce, Reuse, Recycle


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ReduceBuy non-toxic products whenever

possible

Many toxic products such as motor oiland pesticides cannot be reused.

Recycle motor productsSuch as brake fluid, oils and tires by

taking them to your local petrol station.

By recycling these products instead ofthrowing them away, you are reducinghazardous waste.


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Reduce

Use the entire toxic product, such as furniturepolish, so there is no hazardous material left in

the container when it is discarded

Find safer alternatives to hazardous household

products.You can even make your own household

cleaners using products such as baking soda

and vinegar. Olive oil with lemon juice is a

good alternative to furniture polish and usingscented candles are a good alternative to air

fresheners.


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ReuseCarrier bags and twist ties. Carrier bags can be

reused in the shops or as bin bags around thehouse. Paper bags make useful wrapping paperand twist ties can be used to secure loose items

together, such as computer wires.Envelopes By sticking labels over the address youcan reuse envelopes. Alternatively, old envelopescan be used as scrap paper to make notes on.

Jars and pots. By cleaning glass jars and small pots,you can use them as small containers to store oddsand ends.


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ReuseNewspaper, cardboard and bubble wrap

Make useful packing material when movinghouse or to store items.

Old clothescan be made into other

textile items such as cushion covers orteapot cozies.Packaging Such as foil and egg cartons

can be donated to schools and nurseries,where they can be used in art and craftprojects.


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Reuse

Scrap paper can be used to make notes andsketches. Dont forget to recycle it when you no

longer need it.

Old tires can be given to your local petrol station

where they will be recycled. Or you could make atire-swing by tying a strong rope around a tire and

attaching it to a tree.

Used wood can be used in woodcrafts for making

objects such as a spice rack or a bird table.

Alternatively it could be used as firewood.


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RecycleComposting is a process where waste degrades into

compost, which can then be used in your garden tohelp it grow. It is an excellent way to recycle gardenand kitchen waste such as plant trimmings and leftoverfood.

Grass cycling is an excellent way of recycling grasscuttings after mowing the lawn. Simply leave thecuttings on the ground instead of throwing them away,they will turn into nutrients and act as a fertilizer in thesoil.

Planting trees in your garden helps to improve theenvironment by reducing global warming andproviding a home for many animals.


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Laws involvinghazardous waste

managementRepublic Act No. 6969

Presidential Decree 1152


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the "Toxic Substances and Hazardousand Nuclear Wastes Control Act of

1990.

is an act that controls toxic substances

and hazardous and nuclear wastes,providing penalties for violationsthereof, and for other purposes.

Republic Act No.6969


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It is the policy of the State: to regulate, restrict or prohibit the importation,

manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use

and disposal of chemical substances and

mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/orinjury to health or the environment;

to prohibit the entry, even in transit, of hazardous

and nuclear wastes and their disposal into the

Philippine territorial limits for whatever purpose; to provide advancement and facilitate research

and studies on toxic chemicals.

RepublicAct No.6969


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This Act coversthe importation, manufacture,processing, handling, storage, transportation,sale, distribution, use and disposal of all

unregulated chemical substances andmixtures in the Philippines, including the entryeven in transit, as well as the keeping or

storage and disposal of hazardous andnuclear wastes into the country for whateverpurposes.

Republic Act No.6969


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the Philippine Environmental Code,

took effect in 1977

It provides a basis for an integrated wastemanagement regulation starting fromwaste source to methods of disposal.

Presidential Decree (PD) 1152


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Toxic and Hazardous Waste

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