SPATERSPATER

TOWING PROCEDURE1.TOWING VEHICLE DRIVER IS RESPONSIBE FOR SAFE TOWING2.ESTABLISH WING WALKERS3.QUALIFED PERSON SHOULD SIT AT COCKPIT4.TOWING SPEED SHOULD BE LIMITED TO WALKER SPEED.5.CHECK AIRCRAFT BRAKE BEFORE TOWING6.CLOSE ALL THE DOORS AND LADDER OF AIRCRAFT7.DO NOT START OR STOP ALL OF A SUDDEN.8.PARK IN A SPECIFIED AREA OF DISPERSAL9.PLACE WHEEL CHOCKS10.CONTROL SURFACES SHOULD BE LOCKED11.GROUND THE AIRCRAFT STATICALLY.

SPATERSPATER

MOORING PROCEDURE1.TIE DOWN AIRCRAFT AFTER EACH FLIGHT2.AIRCRAFT PARKED INTO THE WIND.3.ENSURE WING TIP CLEARANCE WITH OTHER AICRAFTSMALL LIGHT AIRCRAFT1.LIGHT AIRCRAFT IS TIED WITH ROPE2.TIE AT PROPER PLACE PROVIDED AT THE AIRCRFT.3.GIVE ALLOWANCE FOR SHRINKAGE OF ROPE DUE TO ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITION.4.PROVIDE ANTISLIP KNOT

SPATERSPATER

SECURING HEAVY AIRCRAFT:1.CABLE CANBE USED FOR TIE DOWN.2.PROVIDE SURFACE CONTROL LOCKS.3.INSTALL ALL COVERS ANG GURADS.4.ATTACH TIEDOWN REELS TO AIRPLANE TIE DOWN LOOPS.5.CHOCK ALL THE WHEELS FORE AND AFT.

SPATERSPATER

MOORING PROCEDURE FOR HELICOPTER:

1.FACE THE HELICOPTER IN THE DIRECTION OF WIND2.PARK AT DISTANCE OF ONE ROTOR DISTANCE FROM THE OTHER HELICOPTER.3.PLACE WHEEL CHOCKS INFRONT AND REAR4.ALIGN THE BLADES AND USE TIE DOWN STRAPS5.FASTEN THE TIEDOWN ROPES OR CABLES TO THE FORWARD AND AFT LANDING GEAR.

SPATERSPATER

LEVELLING OF AIRCRAFT:

1.LEVELLING INCLUDES BOTH A LONGITUDINALAND LATERAL AXIS.2.USE SPIRIT LEVEL TO ESTABLISH CORRECTNESSIN BOTH THE AXES.3.SOME AIRCRAFT USE PLUB BOB AND TARGETTO ESTABLISH LEVELLING4.SOME AIRCRAFT HAS PROVISION TO HOLD THE SPIRIT LEVEL TO CHECK BY HAVING PROVISION OF TWO NUT PLATES.5.OTHER METHODS INCLUDE PERMANENTLY PLACINGSPIRIT LEVEL IN THE LUGGAGE COMPARTMENT.

SPATERSPATER

ENGINE STARTING PROCEDURE:BEFORE STARTING1.AIRCRAFT TO HEAD INTO THE WIND.2.ENSURE TO DAMAGE TO PROPERTY OR PERSONDUE TO EXHAUST.3.ENSURE SAFE REMOVAL ELECTRICAL EQPT IF USED4.FIRE GUARD IS EQUIPPED WITH A SUITABLE FIREEXTINGUISHER AT APROPRIATE PLACE.5.INCASE OF TURBINE ENGINE THE FRONTAL AREAIS TO BE CLEAN TO AVOID FOD.6.FOLLOW MANUFACTURER MANUAL7.REMOVE CONTROL SURFACE LOCKS.

SPATERSPATER

PISTON ENGINE STARTING PROCEDURE:1.REMOVE VARIOUS COVERS2.AIRCRAFT WITH BATTERY SHOULD BE STARTED USING EXTERNAL POWER TO AVOID LOAD ON BATTERY.3.ALL OTHER ELECTRICAL LOAD SHOULD BE OFF4.ENSURE HYDRAULIC LOCK IS NOT APPLIED TO THE PROPELLER BY CHECKING FREE ROTATION5.PUT ON AUXILLARY PUMP .6.PLACE THE MIXTURE CONTROL IN IDLE OR RICH DEPEDING ON THE TYPE OF CARBURETER.7.OPEN THE THROTTLE TO A POSITION THAT WILL PROVIDE 1000-1200 RPM.

SPATERSPATER

8.USE PRIMER TO PUMP FUEL INITIALLY ONE TO THREE STROKES.9.DO NOT CRANK THE ENGINE CONTINUOUSLY MORE THAN ONE MINUTE.10.KEEP THE THROTTLE IN RICH MIXTURE POSITION11.CHECK THE INSTRUMENTS FOR MONITORING PERFORMANCERPM,OIL TEMPERATURE GUAGE,CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE,EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE,FUEL FLOW GUAGE.

SPATERSPATER

TURBOPROP STARTING PROCEDURE:

PRECAUTIONS:1.OBSERVE THE STARTER DUTY CYCLE.OTHERWISESTARTER CAN BE OVERHEATEN.2.START CAN BE USING AIR OR ELECTRICAL 3.DO NOT PERFORM GROUND START IF TIT IS HIGH4.PROVIDE FUEL TO PUMP WITH LOW PRESURE TO FUEL PUMP.

SPATERSPATER

TURBOPROP STARTING PROCEDURE:

1.TURN THE FUEL BOOSTER PUMP ON2.THE LEVER SHOULD BE IN START POSITION3.START S/W IN START POSITION4.IGNITION SWITCH ON5.FUEL TURNED ON 6.MONITOR ENGINE LIGHTS UP USING EXHAUST TEMPERATURE.7.CHECK OIL PR AND TEMPERATURE.

SPATERSPATER

8.AFTER SELF START ,THE STARTER IS DISENGAGED.9.THE ENGINE SHOULD ACCELERATE TILL IDLE.10.KEEP THROTTLE IN IDLE POSITION TILLTHE OIL TEMP IS REACHED.11.DISCONNET IF GROUND POWER SUPPY IS USED.12.SWITCH OFF IF FIRE WARNING LIGHT ON ORABNORMAL VIBRATION NOTICED.13.IF OIL PRESSURE IS NOT REACHED.

SPATERSPATER

TURBOFAN ENGINE STARTING PROCEDURE:

1.PLACE THE POWER LEVER IN IDLE POSITION2.TURN FUEL BOOST PUMP SWITCH ON3.ENGINE STARTER S/W ON4.TURN IGNITION S/W ON5.MOVE THE LEVER TO START POSITION.6.ENGINE START IS INDICATED BY A RISE IN EXHAUST TEMPERATURE.7.IF TWO SPOOL ENGINE CHECK N1.8.CHECK FOR PROPER OIL PRESURE.9.AFTER ENGINE STABLISHES AT IDLE ENSUREENGINE LIMITS ARE NOT EXCEEDED.

SPATERSPATER

ENGINE FIRE EXTINGUISHING:FIRE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS ARE THOSE CHEMICAL THAT ARE INJECTED INTO A COMPARTMENT OR AREA TO ENTINGUISHA FIRE.THOSE AGENTS WORK BY EITHER DISPLACING THE OXYGEN OR CHEMICALLY COMBINING WITH THE OXYGEN TO PREVENT COMBUSTION.SOME ADDITIONAL EXTINGUISHNGEFFECT CAN OCCUR BY THE LOW TEMPERATUREAT WHICH THE AGENTS ARE DISCHARGED.

SPATERSPATER

COMMONLY USED AGENTS ARE:

CO2,FREON(CHLORINATED CARBON) HALON 1301(MONO BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE –CF3Br),NITROGEN(N2)

Halon 1301 and FREON ARE IN A LIQUID STATEWHEN UNDER PRESURE BUT BECOME GASEOUSWHEN RELEASED TO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.MOST MODERN AIRCRAFT USE HALON 1301 AS EXTINGUISHING AGENT .

*CO2 IS LIMITED TO RECIPROCATING ENGINEPOWERED TRANSPORTS.

SPATERSPATER

TWO CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS:1.CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM:IT IS NORMALLY FOUND IN PISTON ENGINES.IT USES CO2 AS EXTINGUISHING AGENT.IT USES PERFORATED RING AND DISTRIBUTOR NOZZLE DISCHARGE ARRANGEMENT WHEN THE SYSTEMIS ACTIVATED.2.HIGH RATE OF DISCHARGE SYSTEM.IT USES FREON OR HALON 1301 AND THE SPHRICALBOTTLES ACTUATED BY EXPLOSIVE CARTRIDGES.THE DISCHARGE TUBES ARE CONFIGURED TO ALLOW A RAPID RELEASE OF AGENT INTO THE FIREAREA AND FLOOD THE COMPARTMENT.

SPATERSPATER

SHOP SAFETY

1.KEEPING HANGARS ,SHOP AND THE FLIGHT LINEORDERLY AND CLEAN IS SAFETY.2.THE SHIFT PERSONNEL SHOULD STORE PERSONAL TOOLS,ROLLAWAY BOXES ,ALL WORKSTANDS,HOSES,ELECTRICAL CORDSHOISTS CRATES AND BOXES.3.SIGNGS SHOULD BE POSTED AT CRITICAL POINTSINDICATING DANGEROUS EQUIPMENT.4.SAFETY LANES,WALKWAYS AND FIRELANES SHOULD BE PAINTED.5.SAFETY MEASURES TO PREVENT ACCIDENT.

SPATERSPATER

ELECTRICAL SAFETY:

WHEN ELECTRICITY IS APPLIED TO HUMANBODYIT CAN CREATE SEVERE BURNS.1.ELECTRICIAN SHOULD WEAR PROPER SAFETY EQUIPMENT TO PROTECT HIM.2.THE USE OF RUBBER CLOVES,SAFETY GLASSES,RUBBER OR GROUDED SAFETY MATS CONTRIBUTETO PHYSIOLOGICAL SAFETY.3.OVERCONFIDENCE SHOULD BE AVOIDED.4.SHOULD HAVE ADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE.

SPATERSPATER

FIRE SAFETY:

THE GREATER THE CURRENT FLOWS,GREATER HEAT IS GENERATED.WHEN THE HEAT IS HIGH IT CAN MELTTHIS HEAT CAN BECOME SO GREAT THAT METALSCAN MELT,LIQUIDS,VAPORIZE AND FLAMMABLE SUBSTANCE IGNITES.KEEP THE AREA AROUND ELECTRICAL WORK CLEAN,UNCLUTTERED,AND FREE OF ALL UNNCESSARYFLAMMABLE SUBSTANCES.

SPATERSPATER

CHECKLISTS.

USE CHECKLIST WHEN PERFORMING AN INSPECTION

THE CHECK LIST SHOULD INCLUDE:1.FUSELAGE AND HULL GROUP2.CABIN AND COCKPIT GROUP3.ENGINE AND NACELLE GROUP4.LANDING GEAR GROUP5.WING AND CENTER SECTION.6.EMPENNAGE GROUP7.PROPELLER GROUP8.COMMUNICATION AND NAVIGATION GROUP9.MISCELANEOUS

SPATERSPATER

PUBLICATIONS:

AERONAUTICAL PUBLICATIONS ARE THE SOURCES OFINFORMATION FOR GUIDING AVIATION MECHANICSIN THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF AIRCRAFT AND RELATED EQUIPMENT.THE PROPER USE OF THESE PUBLICATIONS WILL GREATLY AID IN THE OPERATION AND MAITENANCE OF AIRCRAFT.THEY ARE:1.MANUFACTURES SERVICE BULLETINS2.MANUALS3.CATALOGS4.FAA REGULATIONS5.AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES6.ADVISORY CIRCULARS7.AIRCRAFT AND ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS

SPATERSPATER

AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES

AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES ARE FEDERALAVIATION REGULATIONS AND MUST BE COMPLIEDWITH UNLESS SPECIFICALLY EXEMPTED.

TWO CATEGORIES:1.THOSE OF AN EMERGENCY NATURE REQUIRINGIMMEDIATE COMPLIANCE UPON RECEIPT 2.THOSE OF A LESS URGENT NATURE REQUIRINGCOMPLIANCE WITHIN A RELATIVELY LONGER PERIODOF TIMETHE COTENTS OF Ads INCLUDE THE AIRCRAFT,ENGINE,PROPELLER,OR APPLIANCES MODELAND SERIAL NO. AFFECTED.

SPATERSPATER

TYPE CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET.IT DESCRIBES THE TYPE DESIGN AND SETS FORTH THE LIMITATIONS PRESCRIBED BY THE APPLICABLECFR PART.IT ALSO INCLUDES ANY OTHER LIMITATIONSAND INFORMATION FOUND NECESSARY FOR TYPECERTIFICAITON OF A PARTICULAR MODEL AIRCRAFT.IT CONTAINS INFORMATION REGARDING:1.MODEL DESIGNATION OF ALL ENGINES FOR WHICHTHE APPROVAL OBTAINED.2.MINIMUM FUEL GRADE TO BE USED.3.MAX TAKE OFF RATINGS4.NAME OF THE MANUFACTURER AND MODEL DESIGNATION FOR EACH PROPELLER.

SPATERSPATER

5.AIRSPEED LIMITS IN BOTH MPH AND KNOTS.6.CENTER OF GRAVITY RANGE FOR THE EXTREMELOADING CONDITIONS.7.EMPTY WEIGHT CG RANGE WILL BE GIVEN ASFORE AND AFT LIMITS 8.LOCATION OF DATUM9.MEANS FOR PROVIDING LEVELLING10.MAXIMUM WEIGHT11.NO. OF SEATS AND THEIR MOMENT ARMS12.OIL AND FUEL CAPACITY13.CONTROL SURFACE MOVEMENTS14.REQUIRED EQUIPMENT15.INFORMATION ON PLACARDS.

SPATERSPATER

ATA SPECIFICATION:

INORDER TO STANDARDIZE THE MAINTAINENCEINFORMATION ,ATA ISSUED SPECIFICATIONS FORMANUFACTURERS TECHNICAL DATA.THE ORGINAL SPECIFICATION WAS ATA SPEC 100.OVER THE YEARS IT WAS CONTINUOUSLY REVISEDAND UPDATED.ATA iSPEC 2200 CONSITS OF TWO SPECIFICATIONS.AS RESULT THIS STANDARDISATION,MAINTAINANCETECH CAN FIND INFORMATION REGARDING A PARTICULAR SYSTEM IN THE SAME SECTION OF AN AIRCRAFT MAITAINANCE MANUAL REGARDLESS OF MANUFACTURER.

SPATERSPATER

SPECIAL INSPECTION:1.SPECIAL INSPECTION PROCEDURES SHOULD BEFOLLOWED TO DETERMINE IF DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE HAS OCCURRED.1.HARD OR OVERWEIGHT LANDING INSPECTION.2.SEVERE TURBULENCE INSPECTION OR OVER G3.LIGHTNING STRIKE4.FIRE DAMAGE5.FLOOD DAMAGE6.SEAPLANE INSPECITON7.AERIAL APPLICATION AIRCRAFT

SPATERSPATER

SPATERSPATER

SPATERSPATER

SPATERSPATER

SPATERSPATER

SPATERSPATER